Unit1Relationships

單元語法詳解北師大版新教材選擇性必修一

原創Cao本單元重點語法→過去完成時

a.BeforeMr.Jenkinstaughtme,sciencehadsimplybeenasubjectfullofstrangewordstome.（教材

P8）b.IrememberGrahamwasverydifficultbeforehecameintomyclass.Ihadheardstoriesabouthisbadbehavior.(教材P9)c.Hewasverybrightandhehaddoneverywellinsciencesubjects.(教材

P9)d.IknewIhadchosenajobwithalotofstressbutIlovewhatIdo.(教材

P9)e.ThewholeclasscheeredforJohnbecausehehadrunthefastestonSportsDay.(教材P11)◆原句再現◆過去完成時含義●

過去某一時刻或某一事件前完成的動作或狀態，請觀察以下句子Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearnedtwelveunits.到上學期末，我們已經學完了十二個單元b.IhadbeenanursebeforeIenteredthemedicalcollege.我在上那所醫院之前是一名護士●某一時刻或某一事件前已發生但未完成的動作，請觀察以下句子ByDecemberlastyear,hehadworkedinBeijingforfiveyears.到去年十二月為止，他已經在北京工作五年了●

表示非真實的、想象的過去動作或狀態，請觀察以下句子a.Ifshehadworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded.b.Theyhadmeanttoseemeoffattheairport,buttheygottheretoolate.●各種人稱+助動詞had+過去分詞…..，即：主語+had+done…請觀察以下句子◆過去完成時的構成HehadbeeninthiscollegeforthreeyearsbeforeIcametostudy.b.

Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbythattime.◆過去完成時的用法※悄悄告訴你：過去完成時在時間上是"過去的過去”,因此,句子一般都有一個明確的狀語或狀語從句來表示過去的時間●

表示某動作或狀態從過去某一時間以前開始并一直持續到這一時間，常與延續性動詞連用，并帶有for,since,by,when,until等表示一段時間或起止的時間狀語，請觀察以下句子a.IhadstayedinBeijingforthreeyearsbythen.b.Untilthenhehadknownnothingaboutit.c.Theboytoldhismotherthathehadbeenillsincehecamebackfromtheschool.d.ShehadonlybeenherefortenminuteswhenJimcamein.※溫馨告知：

after,before等引導的狀語從句中，由于這類詞本身意義能明確表示時間先后關系，因此，謂語動詞常用一般過去時代替過去完成時，請觀察下面句子Afterhefinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.●表示動作在過去一段時間之前已經結束，通常月非延續性動詞連用，句中常帶有by,before等引起的時間，請觀察以下句子Whentheygottothefield,thefootballmatchhadalreadystarted.b.HehadlearnedtwohundredEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.c.Ihadn’twaitedlongbeforehecame.●表示在過去某一時間之前反復發生的動作或出現的狀態,常與頻度狀語twice,threetimes,manytimes等連用，請觀察以下句子a.Hesaidhehadreadthedetectivenoveltwice.

b.IhadseenthefilmmanytimesonCCTV6.

c.Mymothersaidthatshehadbeentherethreetimes.●表示過去未曾實現的希望、打算或意圖，常與hope,intend,mean,expect,think,want,suppose等詞連用，請觀察以下句子Ihadhopedtobeabletotakemyseatinallthisnoisewithoutbeingseen,butthatmorningtheroomwasquietandorderly.b.Wehadhopedtocatchthe8:00train,butfounditwasgone.c.Ihadmeanttotellyouthenews,butIwastoobusy.d.Ihadintendedtocomeovertoseeyoulastnight,butmyoldfriendcalledandIcouldn’tgetaway.●過去完成時在Itwasthefirst…time+that從句結構中,從句謂語常用過去完成時，it有時可以換成this,that等，請觀察以下句子a.Itwasthefirsttimelastyearthathehadvisitedourschool.b.Itwasthefifthtimethathehadspokentomeinsuchashorttime.c.Thiswasthelasttimethathehaddonethatkindofwork.d.Thatwasthethirdtimethathehadbeenthere.e.Itwasthesecondtimethatshehadbeenpunishedbyherfather.◆過去完成時的基本形式●

肯定式：以動詞do為例※

I/He/She/It/We/You/They+had+done…●否定式：以動詞do為例※

--HadIdone…?--Yes,youhad.(No,youhadn’t.)--Hadshe/he/itdone…?--Yes,she/he/ithad.(No,he/she/ithadn’t.)--Hadwedone…?--Yes,you/wehad.(No,you/wehadn’t.)--Hadyoudone…?--Yes,I/wehad.(No,I/wehadn’t.)--Hadtheydone…?–Yes,theyhad.(No,theyhadn’t.)●一般疑問式及回答:以動詞do為例※

I/He/She/It/We/You/They+hadn’t+done…◆過去完成時的被動語態●主語+hadbeendone,請觀察以下句子a.Thetaskhadbeendonebyfiveo’clockyesterdayafternoon.b.Thesepeoplehadbeenwarnedtwicebytheendoflastweek.※考點訓練1.Heaskedme_______duringthesummerholidays.whereIhadbeenB.whereIhadgoneC.wherehadIbeenD.wherehadIgone2.What______Jane______bythetimehewassever?A.did,doB.has,doneCdid,did.D.had,done3.I_______900EnglishwordsbythetimeIwasten。A.learnedB.waslearningC.hadlearnedD.learnt4.She______livedherefor______years.A.had,afewB.has,severalC.had,alotofD.has,agreatdealof5.Bythetimemyparentsreachedhomeyesterday,I___________thedinneralready.AhadcookedB.cookedC.havecookedD.wascookedADCAA6.Shesaidshe________theprinciplealready.A.hasseenB.sawC.willseeD.hadseen7.Shesaidherfamily______themselves___thearmyduringthewar.A.hashidden,fromB.hadhidden,fromC.hashidden,withD.hadhidden,with8.Bythetimehewastenyearsold,he________.A.hascompleteduniversityB.hascompletedtheuniversityC.hadcompletedanuniversityD.hadcompleteduniversity9.Shehadwrittenanumberofbooks______theendoflastyear.A.forB.inC.byD.at10.He______toplay____beforehewas11yearsold.Ahadlearned,pianoB.hadlearned,thepianoC.haslearned,thepianoD.learns,piano11.What_______Annie____bythetimehewasten?A.did,doB.did,didC.has,doneD.haddoneDBDCBD12.He_____inthefactoryforthreeyearsbeforehejoinedtheArmy.A.hasworkedB.worksC.hadworkedD.willwork13.Bytheendoflastweek,they_______thebridge.hascompletedB.completedC.willcompleteD.hadcompleted14.Benhatesplaying______violin,buthelikesplaying____football.A.a…theB.the…theC./…theD.the…/15.Bythetimehewas4,he________alotofGermanwords.A.hadlearnedB.haslearnedC.learnedD.learns16.Jimturnedoffthelightsandthen_____theclassroom.wasleftB.hadleftC.hasleftD.left17.They________inGuangzhousince2000.A.livedB.hadlivedC.havelivedD.wereliving

CDDADC18.ThetrainfromBeijing_______tenminutesago.A.hasarrivedB.wasarrivingC.arrivedD.hadarrived19.Thestud