PAGEPAGE1課時閱讀訓練二十二Period2ReadingandVocabulary要點講解課Ⅰ.閱讀理解AFaraway,hugeandshapedoverthousandsofyearsbytheseasandglaciers,Norway’sbreathtakingnaturalsceneryleavesmanyvisitorsinawe(敬畏).Addingtoitsappealisthefactthatthecountryhasonceagainbeenselectedasthebestplaceintheworldtoliveforhealthandsocialprosperity(旺盛).Thishasbeentruefor12yearsinarowaccordingtotheUnitedNations’2024HumanDevelopmentIndex,releasedonDec.14.Itsoutdoorlifestylewhichmakesthemostofthemountainsandfjords(峽灣)undoubtedlyplaysakeyroleinthecountry’shealth,saidTheIndependentnewspaper.Inthesummer,Norwegiansgohiking,camping,picnickingandfishing.Inthewinter,it’stimetoplayinthesnow.AsTheTelegraphnewspapernoted,“ManyNorwegiansgrowupontheslopesandcanskilikeprofessionalathletes.”TheNorwegiandietisanotherfactorinNorwegians’goodhealth.Atypicalhomemademealislowinsugar,fatandsalt,andisusuallymadeoffish,meat,potatoes,berries,whole-grainbreadandvegetables.“Diningoutisrelativelyuncommon,”Women’sHealthMagazinenoted.“Thereisnotabigfast-foodcultureandtherearenoreadymeals.”Eventhoughfastfoodrestaurantshavebeensetupinthecountry,todiscourageunhealthyeating,thegovernmenthasputhigherdutiesonfastfoodandsoftdrinkssince1981.Thementality(心態)oftheNorwegianpeoplehasalsoplayedanessentialroleinthecountry’shealthandsocialsuccess.TheDanish-NorwegiannovelistAkselSandemoseoncewrotedowntheLawofJante,whichshowsimportantideasinNorwegianculture:modesty,collectivityandsocialequality.Overall,thelawsuggeststhatnooneisbetterthananotherperson,andthatpeopleshouldnotbrag(吹噓)abouttheirachievements.“Youshouldn’tbelievethatyouaremorethanyouare.ThisattitudeisdeeplyinoursocialDNA,”RobertMellberg,atechentrepreneurtoldtheBBC.【語篇概述】本文是一篇說明文。挪威是一個風景美麗而富足的國家,連續12年被聯合國評為最適合人類居住的國家。文章從幾個方面介紹為什么挪威人過著健康而旺盛的生活。1.WhenwasNorwayfirstselectedasthebestplacetolive?A.In2012. B.In2004. C.In2024. D.In2008.【解析】選B。細微環節理解題。由其次段“依據2024年聯合國人類發展指數調查,挪威連續12年被評為最為宜居的國家”可知,挪威第一次被評上是在2024-12=2004年,故選B項。2.Accordingtothetext,whichgamedoNorwegianslikebest?A.Hiking. B.Fishing. C.Camping. D.Skiing【解析】選D。推理推斷題。由第四段最終一句“ManyNorwegiansgrowupontheslopesandcanskilikeprofessionalathletes.”可知,許多挪威人是在斜坡上長大并且能夠像專業運動員那樣滑雪。可推斷出挪威人最喜愛的運動是滑雪。而遠足、釣魚和野營是夏天挪威人常做的事情,看不出是最喜愛的,故解除。3.WhatareNorwegians’healthsecrets?A.Outdoorlifestyle,dietandthementality.B.Abigfast-foodcultureandmodesty.C.Beautifulscenery,readymeals,andtheattitude.D.Modesty,cultureandsoftdrinks.【解析】選A。細微環節理解題。依據第四段可知挪威人的健康源于他們豐富多彩的戶外活動;第五段第一句“TheNorwegiandietisanotherfactorinNorwegians’goodhealth.”可知,挪威人的飲食是健康的另一因素;第七段第一句“ThementalityoftheNorwegianpeoplehasalsoplayedanessentialroleinthecountry’shealthandsocialsuccess.”可知,挪威人的心態在國家健康和社會勝利方面也起著重要作用。故A項正確。B(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)We’veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What’stheproblem?It’spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It’smorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit’sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit’sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayit’saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan’tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn’tevenexistifitweren’tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(潤滑劑)forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.“Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,”heexplains.“Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.”Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互動)withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience.“It’snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,”saysDunn.“Butinteractionswithperipheral(邊緣的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.”Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.“Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,”hesays.【文章大意】本文是一篇爭論文。文章主要論述了閑談在人際交往中的好處及重要性。4.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A.Addictiontosmartphones.B.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.C.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D.Impatiencewithslowservice.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。文章首段提到在公共場合中,四周都是人的狀況下,人們只是專注地盯著自己的手機,或者苦苦掙扎于令人不自由的緘默中,從中可以推斷出文章首段描述了生疏人之間缺少溝通的現象。故選擇C項。5.WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A.Showinggoodmanners.B.Relatingtootherpeople.C.Focusingonatopic.D.Makingbusinessdeals.【解析】選B。細微環節理解題。依據第三段Carducci所說的話Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem.可知,他認為與他人建立良好關系才是勝利閑談的關鍵。故選擇B項。6.Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraisespeople’sconfidence.C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.【解析】選D。細微環節理解題。依據第四段中的Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelings...以及Butinteractionswithperipheralmembersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.可知,閑談會使人感覺良好。故選擇D項。7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ConversationCountsB.WaysofMakingSmallTalkC.BenefitsofSmallTalkD.UncomfortableSilence【解析】選C。主旨大意題。文章其次段便提出論點:Expertssayit’saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits,接下來便通過引用專家的言論以及試驗結果來證明閑談的好處及重要性,所以文章的主旨是“閑談的好處”。故選擇C項。Ⅱ.完形填空AsIwalkedthroughaparkinglotonacoldnight,Isawahomelessman.Hewassettlinginto1againstthewallsurroundingatrashbin.ThoughIknewasawoman,itwas2formetoaskastrangemanifheneeded3,Iturnedandwalkedback.

“Sir,”Ibegan,“Iliveoverthere.”Ipointedtomycomplexand4thatthepoliceofficerinthecommunitysaidtheywouldtrytohelpthehomelessfind5ifwecalled.Iaskedifitwasokayto6thepolice,andhesaidthatitwas.7Idonotcarryacellphone,I8acallatanearbybusiness.Iwasafraidthepolicewouldpassbyandnotseehim.Ididnotwanthimtobe9.WhenIreturned,Iaskedifitwasokayformeto10withhim.Again,hecalmly11.Hethenasked,“Doyouthinkthey’llfindmeanapartment?”

“Idobelieveso”ismy12tohim.Ididnothaveanymoneyorfoodwithme—13twowaterbottles.Ismiled,pulledoutoneofthewaterbottlesand14ittohim.Hetookthebottleandthensatup,asifhewantedtorespectthe15Imade.Hethoughtforamomentandthenbegandrinkingsmallsipsofthewater.

Whentheofficersarrived,they16methathewouldhavehousingandeventhankedme.Tomy17,Iwasunwillingtoleavetheman.Irealizedanunexpected18wasborn.ItwasthecalmmanwhosenameIneverknewthat19methatthoughtherewillalwaysbepeoplewhoarebetterabletodo20,sometimesyoumuststopbecauseyouaretheonewhoisthere.

【語篇概述】本文講了作者在一個寒冷的夜晚幫助一位無家可歸的人的故事。1.A.eat B.learn C.sleep D.lean【解析】選C。考查動詞。依據首句的時間狀語onacoldnight及其后文Whentheofficersarrived,theymethathewouldhavehousingandeventhankedme.可知,此處指這位無家可歸的人倚在墻上準備睡覺。

2.A.strange B.unwise C.necessary D.vital【解析】選B。考查形容詞。在寒冷的冬天的晚上,作為一位女性去幫助一位生疏人是不明智的。3.A.help B.guideC.donation D.sponsor【解析】選A。考查名詞。此處指作者主動供應幫助。4.A.excused B.inquiredC.expressed D.explained【解析】選D。考查動詞。結合后文thepoliceofficerinthecommunitysaidtheywouldtrytohelpthehomelessfindifwecalled。可知,此處是作者的說明。

5.A.shelter B.money C.food D.drink【解析】選A。考查名詞。依據后文Hethenasked,“Doyouthinkthey’llfindmeanapartment?”可知,此處指警察會為他供應住處。6.A.beg B.question C.contact D.touch【解析】選C。考查動詞。依據上文Ipointedtomycomplexandthatthepoliceofficerinthecommunitysaidtheywouldtrytohelpthehomelessfindifwecalled.可知,作者詢問那位生疏人是否須要與警察聯系。

7.A.While B.Since C.When D.If【解析】選B。考查連詞。依據下文Iacallatanearbybusiness.可知,因為作者沒帶手機,所以作者到旁邊的一個營業點打了電話。

8.A.received B.confirmed C.returned D.made【解析】選D。考查動詞。依據上文Iaskedifitwasokaytothepolice,andhesaidthatitwas.可知作者給警察打了電話。

9.A.invisible B.impoliteC.ignorant D.annoyed【解析】選A。考查形容詞。依據上文Iwasafraidthepolicewouldpassbyandnotseehim.可知,作者膽怯 警察看不到那位無家可歸的人。10.A.play B.chat C.live D.wait【解析】選D。考查動詞。結合后文Again,hecalmly.可知,作者要求陪那位生疏人等候警察的到來。

11.A.forgot B.agreedC.refused D.doubted【解析】