Page22試卷滿分：150分★GoodLuck★注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽力結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatistheproblemwiththeman?A.Hem?ycatchacold.B.Heisverytired.C.Hehasatoothache.2.Whatcolordoesthemanprefer?A.Blue.B.Gray.C.Darkgreen.3.HowdoesEmily'smotherstayhealthy?A.Byeatingwell.B.Byjoggingoutdoors.C.Byexercisingatagym.4.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingnext?A.Writingtheirreports.B.Changingarestaurant.C.Goingtothekaraokebar.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whentobrushtheirteeth.B.Howtobrushtheirteeth.C.Whytobrushtheirteeth.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatsportsdoesthismanlikebest?A.Hockey.B.Soccer.C.Basketball.7.Whereisthemanfrom?A.America.B.Canada.C.Russia.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatisthewoman'sattitudetowardseeingthefilm?A.Favorable.B.Disapproving.C.Casual.9.Howlongwillittakethespeakerstobuytickets?A.10minutes.B.15minutes.C.30minutes.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Formerschoolmates.B.Businesspartners.C.Colleagues.11.WheredoesMaryworknow?A.Inaschool.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inatravelagency.12.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Takeatrip.B.Haveadrink.C.Attendameeting.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdidthemanprobablydo?A.Hewasabankclerk.B.Mewasadriver.C.Hewasenurse14.Whydidthemanchangehisjob?A.Becausehewantedtomakemoremoney.B.Becausehedislikedhisco-workers.C.BecauseIrefeltquitestressful.15.Whichcitydoesthewomanlivein?A.Chicago.B.SanFrancisco.C.NewYork.16.Whatdoesthemanplantodoinayear?A.Moveclosertohisfamily.B.Returntothehospital.C.Leavethebank.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Juniorstudents.B.Seniorstudents.C.Collegegraduates.18.Whenweretherefewerdiseasesaccordingtothesneaker?A.Twentyyearsago.B.Teayearsago.C.Fiveyearsago.19.Whatisthepurposeofsettinguplanguagelearningcompanies?A.Tohelppeopleearnmoremoney.B.TobringhappinesstopeopleC.Tointroducedifferentcultures.20.Whatisthespeaker'sdreamforthelisteners?A.Theywillbecomefamous.B.Theycanstarttheirowncompanies.C.Theywillhelppeoplelivebetter.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AEnglishTeacherinRuralSchoolsCometoworkwithusandexperiencetheruralGhanaianwayoflife!Wearelookingforthosewho’dliketohelpoutinschoolstoassistwiththeteachingandunderstandingoftheEnglishlanguage.Volunteerswillbeplacedinprimaryorjuniorhighschoolswhicharelocatedtogether,thereforeaddinganextralevelofflexibility(機(jī)動性)tomeeteveryone’sneeds.Typicalday7:30am—Volunteertransportleavesthevolunteerhousetoprojectsites8:00am—Schoolstarts12:30pm-3:00pm—Lunchbreak15:00pm—Schoolcloses15:30pm—ReturntovolunteerhousePleasenotethisisanexampleofaschedule.Schedulesvaryindifferentschools.Free-timeactivitiesSwimmingGoingonsafari(游獵)VisitingmuseumsorslavecastlesShoppinginmallsorgoingtothecinema(showinglatestfilms)WanderingatbeautifulbeachesRequirements●Age:18yearsandabove●LanguageSkills:English(fluently)●Nationality:Norestrictions●TimeCommitment:Monday-Fridayfrom8:00-15:00AccommodationsVolunteerslivetogetherinsharedaccommodationintheAbetifidistrictofGhana.Thehouseisbasedinaquiettownwhereyouarewithinwalkingdistancetolocalshopsandtaxiroutes—whilebeingabletoenjoythebeautifulsurroundingviewsoftherainforestandmountains.●Bedrooms:sharedusuallybetween2-4peoplewithdoorsandwindowscoveredbymosquitonetting●Bathrooms:withindividualWCsandshowerrooms●Kitchen:withbasicsoffridge/freezer,gasstove,kettleandmicrowaves●LivingRoom:alargeonewithsofas,TVandadiningsetProgramSalary●4weeks:€265●12weeks:€795●50weeks:€26891.Whatisavolunteer’susualduty?A.DoingresearchonruralGhanaianlife. B.HelpingtobuildprimaryschoolsinGhana.C.TeachingEnglishinlocalGhanaianschools. D.WorkingtogetherwithlocalGhanaianfarmers.2.Whatisrequiredofthevolunteers?A.FluentEnglish. B.Ghanaiannationality.C.An8-hourworkday. D.Anagelimitof19years.3.Howmuchwillavolunteerworkingforsixmonthsgetfromtheprogram?A.€265. B.€795. C.€1,590. D.€2,689.【答案】1.C2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在加納農(nóng)村學(xué)校擔(dān)任英語教師的志愿者工作，包括志愿者的日常職責(zé)、空閑時間活動、要求、住宿條件以及項目薪酬等信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“CometoworkwithusandexperiencetheruralGhanaianwayoflife!Wearelookingforthosewho’dliketohelpoutinschoolstoassistwiththeteachingandunderstandingoftheEnglishlanguage.(快來和我們一起工作，體驗加納農(nóng)村的生活方式!我們正在尋找那些愿意在學(xué)校幫助教學(xué)和理解英語的人)”可知，志愿者的通常職責(zé)是在當(dāng)?shù)丶蛹{學(xué)校教英語。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Requirements部分中“LanguageSkills:English(fluently)(語言技能：英語(流利))”可知，志愿者需要英語流利。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ProgramSalary部分中“4weeks:€265(4周：265歐元)”可知，志愿者工作四周(一個月)可得到265歐元的報酬。由此可知，一名志愿者工作六個月后可得到(265×6=)1590歐元的報酬。故選C項。BBeforeMcElroymovedintooneEngAGEcommunity,shehadneverimaginedherlifewouldbelikethis.Althoughinthegoldenyearsofretirement(退休),sheteachesarts,recentlyshehasopenedupanartexhibition,andisplanningaflighttoParistofindinspirationforhernextcreativeproject.Herlifestyleinmanywayshasbeenmadepossiblebythenon-profitorganizationEngAGE,whichhasrevitalized(使重?zé)ɑ盍?theagingprocessbyprovidingdiversefreeon-siteprogramsinitsseniorcommunities,includingnovelwriting,performingplays,storytellingforradio,andartshows.Ithelpsseniorsremainactive,givingthemthecontroltoagethewaytheywanttoage.TheideaforEngAGEdevelopedwhenfounderTimCarpenterwasworkinginthehealthcareandagingindustry,tryingtochangeabrokensystem.Yethedidnotseethechangehedesired.WhenhemetdeveloperJohnHuskey,whowasbuildinggood-lookingseniorcommunities,thetwopartneredup.“Westartedthrowingspaghettiagainstthewall,andsomeofitstuck.Andwecontinuetodoitthatwayandtryalmosteverything,”saidCarpenter.Ninety-fivepercentofthepopulationEngAGEservesislow-income.Seniorsaresurroundedbyqualityprograms,learningopportunities,andstate-of-the-artfacilities.InCarpenter’sview,retirementislikecollege,anewstagewhenyouaretryingtofigureoutwhattodonext.Itcanbeastartingpoint,withthesparetimetotrysomethingdifferentorrevisitanoldpassion.Thoseseniorscanbuildontheirknowledgeofasubjectorstartfromzero.Itisonlythebeginningofsomething,nottheend.McElroyconcluded,“Itisaplacewheremembersareprovidedwithendlessopportunities.Mysononceasked,‘Howlongdoyouplanonlivinghere?’andIjoked,‘They’regoingtohavetocarrymeoutofhere.’”4.WhatcanseniorsdoinEngAGEcommunities?A.Receivequalitymedicaltreatments. B.Learnthebasicsofnovelwriting.C.Enjoyanactivelifewithyoungsters. D.Reunitewiththeirformercolleagues.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“throwingspaghettiagainstthewall”mean?A.Changingtheagingprocess. B.Tastingsomeoverseasfood.C.Decoratingthecommunities. D.Testingoutvariousmethods.6.WhichstatementmightCarpenteragreewith?A.Seventyisthenewtwenty. B.Agoodstartishalfthebattle.C.Neverteacholddogsnewtricks. D.Passionservesasadrivingforce.7.Whichmightbethebesttineforthetext?A.Carpenter’sAmbitiousPrograms B.EngAGE:APlaceofPossibilitiesC.McEtroy:I’mNotan“Old”Artist D.CommunityIstheSourceofStrength【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了EngAGE組織如何通過提供各種項目使老年人的生活更加充實和活躍?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Herlifestyleinmanywayshasbeenmadepossiblebythenon-profitorganizationEngAGE,whichhasrevitalizedtheagingprocessbyprovidingdiversefreeon-siteprogramsinitsseniorcommunities,includingnovelwriting,performingplays,storytellingforradio,andartshows.(她的生活方式在很大程度上得益于非營利組織EngAGE的支持，該組織通過在其老年社區(qū)提供多樣化的免費(fèi)現(xiàn)場項目來重新激發(fā)老年人的生活活力，這些項目包括小說寫作、戲劇表演、廣播故事講述和藝術(shù)展覽等)”可知，老年人可以在EngAGE社區(qū)學(xué)習(xí)小說寫作的基礎(chǔ)知識。故選B項?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中““Westartedthrowingspaghettiagainstthewall,andsomeofitstuck.Andwecontinuetodoitthatwayandtryalmosteverything,”saidCarpenter.(“把意大利面扔到墻上一樣，有些東西粘住了。我們繼續(xù)這樣做，幾乎嘗試了一切，”卡彭特說)”可知，劃線部分“throwingspaghettiagainstthewall”是一個比喻，“把意大利面扔到墻上”如果能粘住，就表示煮好了，這里的意思是說他們嘗試了很多不同的方法，看哪些能夠成功地吸引和服務(wù)于老年人。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“InCarpenter’sview,retirementislikecollege,anewstagewhenyouaretryingtofigureoutwhattodonext.Itcanbeastartingpoint,withthesparetimetotrysomethingdifferentorrevisitanoldpassion.Thoseseniorscanbuildontheirknowledgeofasubjectorstartfromzero.Itisonlythebeginningofsomething,nottheend.(在Carpenter看來，退休就像大學(xué)，是一個新階段，在這個階段人們試圖弄清楚接下來要做什么。它可以是一個起點，讓人們有空閑時間去嘗試不同的事物或重拾舊日的激情。這些老年人可以基于他們對某一主題的知識進(jìn)行深入探索，或者從零開始。這只是某件事情的開始，而不是結(jié)束)”可知，Carpenter認(rèn)為退休是一個新的開始，人們可以嘗試新事物或重新拾起舊愛好，年齡并不是限制，與A項“七十歲是新的二十歲”觀點一致，七十歲開始的世界和二十歲開始的世界是一樣的。故選A項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了非營利組織EngAGE如何通過提供各種項目使老年人的生活更加充實和活躍，讓他們能夠按照自己想要的方式變老，讓一切變得可能。由此可知，B項“EngAGE：一個充滿可能性的地方”適合作為文章的標(biāo)題。故選B項。CHavingretiredfromthejobatthebrewery(啤酒廠),HaroldFryisleadingasimplelifewithhiswifeMaureenwhenanunexpectedmailarrives.ThesenderisaformerwomancolleagueHaroldhasn’theardaboutfortwentyyears.QueenieHennessyisinhospice(臨終關(guān)懷醫(yī)院)andiswritingtosaygoodbye.Haroldimmediatelywritesareplyandwalkseagerlytothenearestmailboxtosendit.However,thereissomethinginsidehimthatmakeshimgiveupthethoughtofpostinganddespiteMaureen’sdisagreement,hestartstowalktothefarawayBerwicktomeetQueenieinperson,lasting87days.IfirstheardaboutthisbookTheUnlikelyPilgrimage(特別之行)ofHaroldFrywhenIwaswatchingtheinterviewofauthorSantaMontefiore.Thisbookwasapartofherreadinglistatherfriend’ssuggestion,soIdecidedtobuyitinthebookstoreduringthissummer.AndundoubtedlyImadetherightchoice!Thebookhasbeendividedintoseveralchaptersanditismoreofacollectionofshortstories.Ineachchapter,Haroldcomesacrossdifferentpeople,fromagaragegirltoamanagerinthecafé,eachtellingastoryandinfluencingHaroldinsomeway.Aschaptersprogress,yougettoseeachangeinHarold.WhenHaroldmakesthislongsinglejourneythroughthecountryside,heeatswildberriesandsometimescampsinfields,butmyfavoritepartsarethatheoftenengages(使參與)himselfinhispast.Helooksbacktohislife,hisfather,wife,son,andQueenie.Ifeltthisisareminderforallofustohaveamomentofourownduringourbusyschedule.Forafirstnovel,Joycehaswrittenanincrediblestory.Fromthetitleofthebooktothecharacters,everythingiswellorganized.Thestoryhastheenergyofanadventureandatthesametime,it’semotionallyinspiring.Idon’tthinktheadaptedfilmisbetterthanthepaperbook.It’soneofthosebookswhereyoufeelthecharactersandtheirlivesnotbydiscussing,butonlybyreadingit.8.Whatisthetext?A.Abookreview. B.Amovingstory.C.Atravelguide. D.Adiary.9.Howdidtheauthorfirsthearofthebook?A.Fromabookshopowner. B.Fromabook.C.Fromafriend’srecommendation. D.Fromanauthor’sinterview.10.Whichpartofthebookdoestheauthormostappreciate?A.Harold’sworkexperience. B.Harold’sexperiencesinfields.C.Harold’sreflectiononpastlife. D.ThechallengesHaroldfacesalongtheway.11.Howdoestheauthorsuggesttrulyappreciatingthebook?A.Bydiscussingitwithothers. B.Bywatchingafilmadaptation.C.Byreadingtofeelthecharacters’lives. D.Byrelatingittoone’sownlifeexperiences.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇書評。文章主要介紹了作者對TheUnlikelyPilgrimageofHaroldFry這本書的介紹和評價?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“IfirstheardaboutthisbookTheUnlikelyPilgrimage(特別之行)ofHaroldFrywhenIwaswatchingtheinterviewofauthorSantaMontefiore.(我第一次聽說TheUnlikelyPilgrimage這本書是在看作家桑塔·蒙蒂菲奧里的采訪時。)”及第四段內(nèi)容可知，本文主要圍繞作者對TheUnlikelyPilgrimageofHaroldFry這本書的介紹和評價展開，是一篇書評。故選A。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“IfirstheardaboutthisbookTheUnlikelyPilgrimage(特別之行)ofHaroldFrywhenIwaswatchingtheinterviewofauthorSantaMontefiore.(我第一次聽說TheUnlikelyPilgrimage這本書是在看作家桑塔·蒙蒂菲奧里的采訪時。)”可知，作者是通過觀看一位作家的訪談才第一次聽說這本書的。故選D。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一、二句“WhenHaroldmakesthislongsinglejourneythroughthecountryside,heeatswildberriesandsometimescampsinfields,butmyfavoritepartsarethatheoftenengageshimselfinhispast.Helooksbacktohislife,hisfather,wife,son,andQueenie.(當(dāng)Harold獨(dú)自一人長途跋涉穿過鄉(xiāng)村時，他吃野莓，有時在田野里露營，但我最喜歡的是他經(jīng)常沉浸在他的過去中。他回顧了他的一生，他的父親、妻子、兒子和Queenie。)”可知，作者最欣賞的部分是Harold對過去生活的回憶。故選C?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“It’soneofthosebookswhereyoufeelthecharactersandtheirlivesnotbydiscussing,butonlybyreadingit.(在這本書中，你不是通過討論，而是通過閱讀來感受人物和他們的生活。)”可知，作者建議大家通過閱讀來感受書中人物及其生活，從而真正欣賞這部作品。故選C。DAnewstudyhasfoundthatincludingclimateimpactlabels(標(biāo)簽)onafastfoodmenuinfluencedparticipants’foodchoicesinfavorofmoreclimate-friendlyitems.StudyleadauthorJuliaWolfson,associateprofessorintheDepartmentofinternationalHealthattheBloombergSchool,andherco-authorswantedtotesthowlabelingclimatechangeimpactsoffastfoodmenuitemsmightleadpeopletochooselessredmeat.Eatingtoomuchredmeathasbeenlinkedtomanyhealthproblems.Eatinglessredmeatwouldalsohelplowergreenhousegasemissions(排放).Morethan5,000participantswereshownasamplemenuandaskedtochooseasingleitemfordinner.Onegroupofparticipantsreceivedamenuwithnon-redmeatitemssuchaschickensandwicheslabeled“l(fā)owclimateimpact”.Anothergroupreceivedamenuwithredmeatitems—burgerslabeled“highclimateimpact”.Athirdcontrolgroupreceivedmenuswithoutclimatelabels.Boththehighandlowclimateimpactlabelsmarkedlyreducedredmeatchoicescomparedtothecontrolgroup.Menuswithahighclimateimpactlabelonburgersincreasednon-beefchoicesby23percentcomparedtothecontrolgroup.Menusthatincludedlowclimateimpactlabelsincreasednon-beefchoices,suchasachickensandwichorasalad,byabout10percentmoreparticipantsthanthoseinthecontrolgroup.“Theseresultssuggestthatmenulabeling,particularlylabelswarningthatanitemhashighclimateimpact,canbeaneffectivestrategyforencouragingmoresustainable(可持續(xù)的)foodchoicesinafastfoodsetting.”saysWolfson.Whileencouragingonthewhole.theresultssuggestthatpositive“l(fā)owclimateimpact”labelsarelesseffectiveinencouragingsustainablefoodchoicescomparedto“highclimateimpact”labels.Atthesametime,climatelabelsmayhavetheunwantedsideeffectofmakingachoiceseemhealthierthanitactuallyis.“Anundeservedhealthhalo(光環(huán))giventounhealthymenuitemscouldencouragepeopletoovereatthem,”Wolfsonsays.“Sowehavetolookforlabelingstrategiesthatcreate‘win-wins’forencouragingbothmoresustainableandhealthychoices.”12.What’stheaimofthenewstudy?A.Toencouragesustainablefoodchoicesinfastfoodrestaurants.B.Todiscovertheimpactofclimatelabelsonfastfoodchoices.C.Tofindouttheconnectionbetweenredmeatandhealthproblems.D.Todecidethebest’methodforlabelingfoodproductsingeneral.13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theprocessofthestudy. B.Theresultsofthestudy.C.Theimportanceofthestudy. D.Theinfluenceofthestudy.14.Whatpotentialeffectcouldclimatelabelscause?A.Theymaycauseconfusionamongconsumers.B.Theycouldmakeafooditemseemhealthierthanitis.C.Theymightresultinpeopleconsumingmoreredmeat.D.Theymayleadtoanincreaseinvegetarianchoices.15.WhatisWolfson’sattitudetowardsclimateimpactlabelsonfood?A.Supportive. B.Indifferent. C.approved. D.Cautious.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了一項研究顯示，在快餐菜單上添加氣候影響標(biāo)簽會影響人們對食物的選擇?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“StudyleadauthorJuliaWolfson,associateprofessorintheDepartmentofinternationalHealthattheBloombergSchool,andherco-authorswantedtotesthowlabelingclimatechangeimpactsoffastfoodmenuitemsmightleadpeopletochooselessredmeat.(該研究的主要作者、彭博學(xué)院國際衛(wèi)生系副教授朱莉婭·沃爾夫森和她的合著者想要測試在快餐菜單上標(biāo)注氣候變化影響如何導(dǎo)致人們少選擇紅肉)”可知，這項新研究的目的是發(fā)現(xiàn)氣候標(biāo)簽對快餐選擇的影響。故選B?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Morethan5,000participantswereshownasamplemenuandaskedtochooseasingleitemfordinner.Onegroupofparticipantsreceivedamenuwithnon-redmeatitemssuchaschickensandwicheslabeled“l(fā)owclimateimpact”.Anothergroupreceivedamenuwithredmeatitems—burgerslabeled“highclimateimpact”.Athirdcontrolgroupreceivedmenuswithoutclimatelabels.(研究人員向5000多名參與者展示了一份菜單樣本，并要求他們在晚餐中選擇一種食物。一組參與者收到了一份菜單，上面有非紅肉項目，如雞肉三明治，標(biāo)有“低氣候影響”。另一組人收到的菜單上有紅肉——標(biāo)簽為“高氣候影響”的漢堡。第三個對照組收到的菜單沒有氣候標(biāo)簽)”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是研究的過程。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Atthesametime,climatelabelsmayhavetheunwantedsideeffectofmakingachoiceseemhealthierthanitactuallyis.(同時，氣候標(biāo)簽可能會產(chǎn)生不必要的副作用，使選擇看起來比實際更健康)”可知，氣候標(biāo)簽可以使食物看起來比實際更健康。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Anundeservedhealthhalo(光環(huán))giventounhealthymenuitemscouldencouragepeopletoovereatthem,”Wolfsonsays.“Sowehavetolookforlabelingstrategiesthatcreate‘win-wins’forencouragingbothmoresustainableandhealthychoices.”(沃爾夫森說：“給不健康菜單上的食物戴上不應(yīng)有的健康光環(huán)，可能會鼓勵人們過量食用。因此，我們必須尋找能夠創(chuàng)造‘雙贏’的標(biāo)簽策略，以鼓勵更可持續(xù)和更健康的選擇?！?”可知，Wolfson對食品上的氣候影響標(biāo)簽持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。LanguageLearnerHabitstoAvoidSuccessfullanguagelearnersdothekindofthingstheunsuccessfulonesdon’tandavoidtheonesthatunsuccessfulonesdo!Thisarticleisaboutlanguagelearninghabitsthatsuccessfullearnersavoid.Alwaysbeingdistracted.Beingdistractedbynoises,peoplewalkingpastoryourownthoughtswilltakeyouawayfrombeingpresent.Presenceisoffundamentalimportanceinlearning.______16______Studycan’tmakeupforalackofpresence—nothingcan.Onlytalkingthetalk.Thereislittlepointinmakingplansortalkingaboutwhatyouaregoingtodoifyoudonotfollowthrough.______17______Youneedtowalkthetalk.Ifyouareonlytalkingthetalk,maybeithastodowithoneoftheotherhabitsmentionedbelow!______18______Wecanallgetlazyifwearedoingthingsthatarenotinspiringus.Whogetslazywhentheyarecourtingapartner?Whogetslazywiththingstheylovedoing?Lazinessisasignthatsomethinghastochange.Forcingyourselftopersistwillonlylastforsolong,beforeitgiveswaytomorelaziness.Givingup.“Themostcertainwaytosucceed,”ThomasEdisononcesaid,“isalwaystotryjustonemoretime.”_______19_______Andoften,itcomesafterfirstfailingtimeandtimeagain.Ifyouaredoinganyofthese,mysuggestionistolookmorecarefullyandseeifyoucanmoveawayfromthesepractices._______20_______A.Givingintolaziness.B.Learningtogetridoflaziness.C.Inasense,wedolearnbytrialanderror.D.Onceyoudo,youwillbeheadinginabetterdirection.E.Success,howeveryoudefineit,nevercomesfromnottrying.F.Actioniswhatwillproduceresults,notjustwordsorthoughts.G.Withoutthat,youcannotnoticethethingsthatcanhelpyoutoimprove.【答案】16.G17.F18.A19.E20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了語言學(xué)習(xí)者要避免的幾個語言學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，比如總是分心、只是說說而已以及輕易放棄等。【16題詳解】根據(jù)段落主題句“Alwaysbeingdistracted.(總是分心)”可知，該段的主要內(nèi)容與“分心”有關(guān)?？仗幧弦痪洹癙resenceisoffundamentalimportanceinlearning.(專注對學(xué)習(xí)至關(guān)重要)”介紹“不分心”對學(xué)習(xí)的重要性，空處下一句“Studycan’tmakeupforalackofpresence—nothingcan.(學(xué)習(xí)不能彌補(bǔ)注意力的分散——沒有什么可以)”也在強(qiáng)調(diào)沒有什么可以彌補(bǔ)注意力的分散。因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)該同樣介紹注意力的重要性。分析選項內(nèi)容可知，G項“心不在焉的話，你就不會注意到那些能幫助你進(jìn)步的事情。”符合語境；G項中的that指代上文中的Presence。故選G。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Onlytalkingthetalk.Thereislittlepointinmakingplansortalkingaboutwhatyouaregoingtodoifyoudonotfollowthrough.(只說不做。如果你不堅持到底，制定計劃或談?wù)撃阋鍪裁淳蜎]有什么意義了)”以及后文“Youneedtowalkthetalk.Ifyouareonlytalkingthetalk,maybeithastodowithoneoftheotherhabitsmentionedbelow!(你需要言行一致。如果你只是說說而已，也許這與下面提到的其他習(xí)慣之一有關(guān)！)”本段主要介紹“只說不做”這一不好的語言學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣?？涨皟?nèi)容指出只有計劃沒有行動是沒意義的，空后強(qiáng)調(diào)了行動的重要性。F項“行動才會產(chǎn)生結(jié)果，而不僅僅是靠言語或想法”承上啟下，符合語境。故選F?！?8題詳解】空處為段落主旨句，應(yīng)與其他段落的主旨句在形式上保持一致，同時在內(nèi)容上應(yīng)概括介紹一種不好的語言學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。根據(jù)下文“Wecanallgetlazyifwearedoingthingsthatarenotinspiringus.Whogetslazywhentheyarecourtingapartner?Whogetslazywiththingstheylovedoing?Lazinessisasignthatsomethinghastochange.Forcingyourselftopersistwillonlylastforsolong,beforeitgiveswaytomorelaziness.(如果我們做的事情不能激勵我們，我們都會變得懶惰。誰在追求伴侶的時候會變得懶惰呢?誰會對自己喜歡做的事情偷懶呢?懶惰是需要改變的信號。強(qiáng)迫自己堅持只會持續(xù)很長時間，在它讓位于更多的懶惰之前)”可知，本段主要介紹“懶惰”相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。因此A項“屈服于懶惰”概括了本段主旨。故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Givingup.“Themostcertainwaytosucceed,”ThomasEdisononcesaid,“isalwaystotryjustonemoretime.”(放棄。托馬斯·愛迪生曾經(jīng)說過：“成功最可靠的方法就是再試一次?！?”空前內(nèi)容提到ThomasEdison的有關(guān)成功的名言。E項“不嘗試就永遠(yuǎn)不會成功——不論你如何定義它?！笨梢猿薪由衔?；succeed和Success是同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。同時，E項中的(it)nevercomes與下文的itcomes是對比的邏輯關(guān)系。故選E。【20題詳解】空處上一句“Ifyouaredoinganyofthese,mysuggestionistolookmorecarefullyandseeifyoucanmoveawayfromthesepractices.(如果你正在做這些，我的建議是更仔細(xì)地看看你是否可以擺脫這些做法)”鼓勵人們要擺脫上文中提到的不良習(xí)慣，D項“一旦你這樣做了，你就會向著更好的方向前進(jìn)。”承接上文內(nèi)容(do指代上文的tolookmorecarefullyandseeifyoucanmoveawayfromthesepractices)。故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。MyteacherMrBushisthemostpositive(積極樂觀的)personI’veevermet.Hehastheabilityto____21____positivenesstoyoungstudents.Healwayssmilesandnevergets____22____atstudents.OnceImetsome____23____becauseIfeltovershadowed(顯得遜色)bymybrother,whoseemedtobedoinggreatineveryway.Hopelessness____24____mewheneverIwasinaclassroom.Butthatall____25____whenImetmyteacherforlife,Mr.Bush.Havingfoundoutaboutmyproblems,hejustkept____26____me.BecauseofMr.Bush,myworldwasfilledwith____27____andpower.Afewweeksago,everyoneinmyclasswasfeelingabit____28____becauseofabaddayatschool.Butthingsgot____29____afteracloseofMr.Bush’sclass.Hedrewapictureonthewhiteboardthat____30____ahalf-fullglassofwater.Hethensaid,“Class,thepointofviewinwhichyoulookatthingswill____31____yourfeelings.Likethisglassofwater,somepeopleseeitandthink‘What!Onlyhalfaglassofwater.How____32____Iam.’Whereasotherpeoplethink‘Wow,I’msothirsty.Great!Halfaglassofwaterforme!’Italldependsonthe____33____youthink.”Mr.Bush’s____34____wayofthinkingalwaysmakesmefeelgladand____35____.Iwillalwaysrememberhim.21.A.passon B.applyfor C.makeup D.giveup22.A.strict B.patient C.mad D.curious23.A.friends B.needs C.realities D.difficulties24.A.filled B.surprised C.refused D.relaxed25.A.happened B.changed C.solved D.included26.A.forgiving B.calming C.encouraging D.calling27.A.sunshine B.clouds C.surprise D.flowers28.A.nervous B.down C.awkward D.afraid29.A.warmer B.higher C.better D.happier30.A.served B.filled C.bought D.showed31.A.hurt B.help C.improve D.affect32.A.pleased B.unfortunate C.bright D.perfect33.A.way B.direction C.end D.past34.A.anxious B.optimistic C.special D.important35.A.proud B.careful C.hopeful D.lonely【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.A28.B29.C30.D31.D32.B33.A34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的老師是一個極其樂觀的人，他有能力把積極的一面?zhèn)鹘o年輕學(xué)生，他樂觀的思維方式總是讓作者感到高興和充滿希望。【21題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：他有能力把積極向上的精神傳遞給年輕學(xué)生。A.passon傳遞；B.applyfor申請；C.makeup構(gòu)成；D.giveup放棄。分析下文可知，Mr.Bush總是會讓沮喪的學(xué)生高興起來，故應(yīng)是他有能力把積極的一面?zhèn)鹘o年輕學(xué)生。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他總是微笑，從不生學(xué)生的氣。A.strict嚴(yán)格的；B.patient耐心的；C.mad生氣的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)上文“Healwayssmilesandnevergets”可知，Mr.Bush總是微笑，從不會生學(xué)生的氣。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，我遇到了一些困難，因為我覺得我的兄弟在各方面都做得很好，這讓我有了陰影。A.friends朋友；B.needs需要；C.realities現(xiàn)實；D.difficulties困難。根據(jù)下文“becauseIfeltovershadowedbymybrother,whoseemedtobedoinggreatineveryway.”可知，作者是遇到了一些困難。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)我在教室里，我就感到絕望。A.filled充滿；B.surprised使驚訝；C.refused拒絕；D.relaxed使放松。根據(jù)上文“becauseIfeltovershadowedbymybrother,whoseemedtobedoinggreatineveryway.”可知，作者一直活在兄弟的陰影之下，故應(yīng)是絕望充滿了作者。故選A。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但但是，當(dāng)我遇到我一生的老師布什先生時，一切都改變了。A.happened發(fā)生；B.changed改變；C.solved解決；D.included包括。根據(jù)下文Mr.Bush鼓勵作者，最后作者振作了起來可知，當(dāng)見到Mr.Bush一直都變了。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他發(fā)現(xiàn)了我的問題，并一直鼓勵我。A.forgiving原諒；B.calming平靜；C.encouraging鼓勵；D.calling呼叫。根據(jù)下文“BecauseofMr.Bush,myworldwasfilledwith___7___andpower.”可知，是由于Mr.Bush的鼓勵，作者的世界充滿了陽光和力量。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因為布什先生，我的世界充滿了陽光和力量。A.sunshine陽光；B.clouds云；C.surprise驚訝；D.flowers花朵。根據(jù)下文的“power”可知，Mr.Bush的鼓勵讓作者的世界充滿陽光和力量。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個星期前，我們班的每個人都因為今天在學(xué)校的糟糕表現(xiàn)而感到有點沮喪。A.nervous焦慮的；B.down沮喪的；C.awkward令人尷尬的；D.afraid害怕的。根據(jù)下文“becauseofabaddayatschool.”在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)糟糕，故感到沮喪。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但在布什先生的課結(jié)束后，情況有所好轉(zhuǎn)。A.warmer更溫暖的；B.higher更高的；C.better更好的；D.happier更高興的。根據(jù)下文Mr.Bush畫了一張半杯水的圖，告訴同學(xué)們思維方式不一樣，看問題的角度就不一樣，同學(xué)們又都高興起來可知，Mr.Bush課結(jié)束后，情況又好起來了。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他在白板上畫了一幅畫，畫的是半杯水。A.served服務(wù)；B.filled充滿；C.bought買；D.showed顯示。根據(jù)下文“Likethisglassofwater,somepeopleseeitandthink‘What!Onlyhalfaglassofwater.How___12___Iam.’Whereasotherpeoplethink‘Wow,I’msothirsty.Great!Halfaglassofwaterforme!’”可知，Mr.Bush的畫上顯示的是半杯水。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同學(xué)們，你看事情的角度會影響你的感受。A.hurt傷害；B.help幫助；C.improve改善；D.affect影響。根據(jù)下文的“Italldependsonthe13youthink.”一切都取決于你怎么想可知，Mr.Bush想要告訴同學(xué)們，你看事情的角度會影響你的感受。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：就像這杯水；有些人看到它就想‘什么！只有半杯水?！拔艺娌恍??！薄.pleased高興的；B.unfortunate不幸的；C.bright明亮的；D.perfect完美的。根據(jù)下文的“Whereasotherpeoplethink‘Wow,I’msothirsty.Great!Halfaglassofwaterforme!’”可知，此處表示一個對比，有的人認(rèn)為只有半杯水是不幸的。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一切都取決于你怎么想。A.way方式；B.direction方向；C.end結(jié)束；D.past過去。分析上下文可知，Mr.Bush給同學(xué)們畫了一幅半杯水的圖，告訴他們有的人對此持積極的態(tài)度，有的人對此持消極的態(tài)度。故應(yīng)是想告訴同學(xué)們：你看事情的角度會影響你的感受，一切都取決于你怎么想。故選A。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：布什先生樂觀的思維方式總是讓我感到高興和希望。A.anxious焦慮的；B.optimistic樂觀的；C.special特殊的；D.important重要的。根據(jù)上文“MyteacherMr.BushisthemostpositivepersonI’veevermet.”可知，Mr.Bush是一個樂觀的人，故他樂觀的思維方式總是讓我感到高興和希望。故選B。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：布什先生樂觀的思維方式總是讓我感到高興和充滿希望。A.proud驕傲的；B.carefu