2021-2022學(xué)年河南省駐馬店市正陽縣高二上學(xué)期第一次素質(zhì)檢測英語試第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題,每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話,每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wherewilltheymeet?A.Attheunderground.B.Atthecinema.C.Atthemuseum.2.Whichbuswillthewomantake?A.Busnumber4.B.Busnumber6.C.Busnumber2.3.Whatisthemandoing?A.Sayinggood-byetoafriend.B.Arrangingaplanetrip.C.Payingabillatthebank.4.Howwillthewomanpayforthemeal?A.WithMasterCard.B.WithVisaCard.C.Withcash.5.WhenwillthewomangettheTV?A.Inaboutanhour.B.Alongtime.C.Severaldays.第二節(jié)（共15小題,每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘，聽完后,各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6至8題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atschool.B.Athome.C.Intheoffice.7.Howmanyhourswillthegirlworkaday?A.2.B.4.C.6.8.Howmuchcouldshegetinaweek?A.24dollars.B.80dollars.C.120dollars.聽第7段材料,回答第9至11題。9.Whatdoesthemando?A.Adoctor.B.Apsychologist.C.Anewsreporter.10.Whichofthefollowingroomdidthemanbookbeforehecame?A.Awarmroomwithashower.B.Asingleroomwithashower.C.Room523.11.Whenisthemancheckingin?A.Saturday.B.Thursday.C.Tuesday.聽第8段材料,回答第12至14題。12.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Adventure.B.Vacation.C.Weather.13.Whichisthebestpartofthewoman’stour?A.Hiking.B.Skydiving.C.Visitingrelatives.14.WhydidthemanstayathomeandwatchTV?A.Itwasraining.B.Hewastootired.C.Hewaswithhisrelatives.聽第9段材料,回答第15至17題。15.WhatdowelearnaboutMsRowling’sfirstbook?A.Itwaswrittenforadults.B.Itmadeherfamoussoon.C.Itwasaboutakindofanimal.16.WhydoesMsRowlingconsiderherselfsolucky?A.Shecanmakealivingbywriting.B.Sheislovedbymanypeople.C.Shelikeswritingsomuch.17.WheredidMsRowlinggettheideasfortheHarryPotterbooks?A.Shereadmanybookswrittenbyothers.B.Shecollectedthemfromdailylife.C.Shedidn’tknowitherself.聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Howlongshouldtheparticipants（參與者）inBigBrotherstayinside?A.24days.B.100days.C.124days.19.WhowillbethewinnerofSurvivor?A.Theonewhoisleftatlast.B.Theonewhocanfindtheirownfood.C.Theonewhowinsonemilliondollars.20.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.TointroduceSurvivor.B.TointroduceBigBrother.C.Tointroducerealityshows.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，共30分）請閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)的標(biāo)號涂黑。AHerearefourtouristattractionsinHavanainCuba.MuseumoftheCityTheMuseumoftheCitywasbuiltin179LThebuildingonceservedasthePresidentialPalaceandhometocolonialgovernors.Themuseum’sexhibitsincludecollectionsofweapons，historyandartaswellasroomsdocumentingwarsforCubanindependence.+53-7-861-6130.Open:9a.m.to6p.m.,MondaythroughSaturday.Admission:$3RevolutionSquareRevolutionSquareisoneofthelargestopenpublicspacesinCubaandoneofthelargestpublicsquaresintheworld.Thesiteishometothe138-footJoseMartMemorial,thetalleststructureinHavana，whichcelebratesthenationalhero.Cuba’simportantleaders,includingFidelCastro,usuallyusetheplatforminfrontofthememorialtoaddressthelargecrowdsthatgatheronthesquare.TheJoseMartiMemorialalsoincludesamuseumandanelevatorthattakestouriststothetopofthemonument.+53-7-338-6363Open:9a.m.to5p.m.，MondaythroughSaturday.Admission:$5CigarFactories.Cubansfamouscigar-makingfactoriesareopentothepublic.ThreecigarfactoriesinHavanaofferpublictoursthatshowhowCuba’scigarsarehand-rolledinthetraditionalway.ThePartagasCigarFactory，foundedin1827，istheoldestinHavana.TheothertwofactoriesopenfortoursareLaCoronaandRomeoJulietaandtheyincludegiftshops.+53-7-338-060Open:9a.m.to2p.m.,MondaythroughFriday.Admission:$10OldHavanaOldHavanaisthecapital’shistoricdistrict，whichdatesbackto1519whenSpainusedthecityasacolonialport.OldHavanawasimportantSpanishnaval(海軍的）base.Presently，OldHavana’sstonestreetsarehometomuseums,hotelsandrestaurantsamongthegrandcolonialbuildingsthatoncehousedSpanishpower.+53-7-885-752Open:daily.Admission:free1.WhenistheMuseumoftheCityclosed?A.Friday. B.Saturday.C.Sunday. D.Monday2WheremightyouseeFidelCastro?A.InfrontoftheJoseMartiMemorial.B.OnthestonestreetsofOldHavana.C.InthePartagascigarfactory.D.IntheMuseumoftheCity.3.Whichnumbershouldyoucallifyouwanttoknowaboutcigaretteproduction?A+53-7-338-060 B.+53-7-885-752C.+53-7-338-6363 D.+53-7-861-6130【答案】1.C2.A3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了古巴首都哈瓦那幾個著名的旅游景點(diǎn)。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MuseumoftheCity中的“Open:9a.m.to6p.m.,MondaythroughSaturday.”可知，城市博物館的開放時間是周一到周六，故C項(xiàng)正確。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RevolutionSquare中的“Thesiteishometothe138-footJoseMartMemorial,thetalleststructureinHavana，whichcelebratesthenationalhero.Cuba’simportantleaders,includingFidelCastro,usuallyusetheplatforminfrontofthememorialtoaddressthelargecrowdsthatgatheronthesquare.”可知，革命廣場中有何塞馬蒂紀(jì)念館，古巴領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人卡斯特羅經(jīng)常在紀(jì)念碑前的平臺上向公眾發(fā)表演講，故A項(xiàng)正確。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CigarFactories中的“ThreecigarfactoriesinHavanaofferpublictoursthatshowhowCuba’scigarsarehand-rolledinthetraditionalway.”及“+53-7-338-060”可知，想要了解雪茄是如何制作的，可撥打53-7-338-060，故A項(xiàng)正確。BChristianEijkman,aDutchdoctor,lefttheNetherlandsfortheislandofJava.Manypeopleontheislandhadadiseasecalledberi-beri.HewasgoingtheretotryandfindaAtfirst,Eijkmanthoughtsomekindofgerm(細(xì)菌)causedberi-beri.Heraisedsomechickens.Hedidn’teatthem,butmadeexperimentsonthem.Thelocalpeoplewerequitesurprisedatthat.OnedayhenoticedthathischickensbecamesickwhentheywerefedthefoodmostJavaneseate—refinedwhiterice(精煉米).Whenhefedthemwithunrefinedrice,alsoknownasbrownrice,theyrecovered.Eijkmanrealizedthathehadmadeanimportantdiscovery—thatsomethingsinfoodcouldpreventdisease.Thesethingswerenamedvitamins(維生素).TheJavanesewerenotgettingenoughvitaminsbecausetheyhadactuallyremovedthepartthatcontainsvitamins.Later,otherdiseaseswerealsofoundtobecausedbythelackofvitaminsinaperson’sfood.Todaymanypeopleknowtheimportanceofvitaminsandtheymakesuretheyhaveenoughvitaminsfromthefoodtheyeat.Iftheydon’t,theycanalsotakevitaminpills.4.Theunderlinedword“cure”inParagraph1probablymeans______.A.amedicaltreatment B.akindofvitaminC.akindofgerm D.akindofrice5.Ifapersondoesn’tgetenoughvitaminsinhisdiet,he’dbetter______.A.eatmorerice B.eatmoremeatC.eatsomechicken D.eatvitaminpills6.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.beri-beriwascausedbychickensB.theJavanesedidn’tlikevitaminsCChristianEijkman’sexperimentwassuccessfulD.theJavanese’sdiseasewascausedbyakindofgerm7.WhydidChristianEijkmanraisesomechicken?______A.Toeatthem.B.TogivetheJavaneseasurprise.C.Tocarryouthisexperiments.D.Tomakemoneybysellingthem.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了荷蘭醫(yī)生克里斯蒂安·艾克曼去爪哇島為當(dāng)?shù)厝私鉀Q了腳氣病，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了維生素，及其對人類健康的重要性。【4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Manypeopleontheislandhadadiseasecalledberi-beri.(島上的許多人患有一種叫做腳氣病的疾病)”可知，島上人患有疾病，ChristianEijkman是一位醫(yī)生，他應(yīng)該是去幫他們治療。結(jié)合后文“Eijkmanrealizedthathehadmadeanimportantdiscovery—thatsomethingsinfoodcouldpreventdisease.(艾克曼意識到他有了一個重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)——食物中的某些物質(zhì)可以預(yù)防疾病)”可知，最后他找到了腳氣病的治療方法。由此推知，劃線詞cure與amedicaltreatment(一種治療方法)意思接近。故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Todaymanypeopleknowtheimportanceofvitaminsandtheymakesuretheyhaveenoughvitaminsfromthefoodtheyeat.Iftheydon’t,theycanalsotakevitaminpills.(今天許多人知道維生素的重要性，他們確保他們從他們所吃的食物中獲得足夠的維生素。如果不能，他們也可以服用維生素片)”可知，如果有人飲食中不能攝入足夠的維生素，應(yīng)該補(bǔ)充維生素片。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Whenhefedthemwithunrefinedrice,alsoknownasbrownrice,theyrecovered.Eijkmanrealizedthathehadmadeanimportantdiscovery—thatsomethingsinfoodcouldpreventdisease.Thesethingswerenamedvitamins.TheJavanesewerenotgettingenoughvitaminsbecausetheyhadactuallyremovedthepartthatcontainsvitamins.Later,otherdiseaseswerealsofoundtobecausedbythelackofvitaminsinaperson’sfood.(當(dāng)他用糙米喂養(yǎng)它們時，它們恢復(fù)了健康。這些物質(zhì)被命名為維生素。爪哇人沒有得到足夠的維生素因?yàn)樗麄儗?shí)際上已經(jīng)把含有維生素的那部分去掉了。后來，其他疾病也被發(fā)現(xiàn)是由人的食物中缺乏維生素引起的)”可知，醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)了當(dāng)?shù)厝松〉脑蚴且驗(yàn)榫S生素缺乏，找到了解決辦法，所以說他的實(shí)驗(yàn)是成功的。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Heraisedsomechickens.Hedidn’teatthem,butmadeexperimentsonthem.(他養(yǎng)了一些雞。他不吃它們，而是用它們做實(shí)驗(yàn))”可知，醫(yī)生養(yǎng)雞是為了進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。CDoyouthinkstudyinginadifferentcountrythatsoundsveryexcitingandgreatfun?Doyouthinkyouwouldhavelotsofdesirablefun?Certainly,itisanewexperience,onethatbringstheopportunity(機(jī)會)todiscoveramazingthingsandafeelingoffreedom.Butdorememberthattherearealsosomechallenges,foryourviewsmaydisagreewiththedifferentbeliefs,norm(社會準(zhǔn)則),valuesandtraditionalcountries.Thisiscalled“cultureshock”.Thefollowingarethestagesofadjusting(調(diào)整).Thefirststageiscalled“thehoneymoon”,whereyouareexcitedaboutlivinginadifferentplaceandeverythingseemstobefantastic.Youlikeeverything,andeverybodyseemstobesonicetoyou.Also,theamusementoflifeinanewcultureseemsasthoughitwillhavenoending.Eventually,however,thesecondstageofcultureshockappears,“thehostilitystage”.Everythingthatseemedsowonderfulisnowawful.Usuallyyouprotectyourselfagainsttheeffectsofcultureshock.Nextcomesthestage,“recovery”.Youstarttofeelmorepositive.Yourecoverfromthefirsttwostages.Eventhoughtheculturearedifferentfromyourown,youbegintoappreciateit.Thelaststageis“adjustment”.Inthisstage,youhavereachedapointwhereyouactuallyfeelgoodbecauseyouareabletounderstandthenewculture.Obviously,cultureshockisnotsomethingyoucanavoidinaforeigncountry.Whenyouhavecompletelyadjustedtoanewculture,youcanmorefullyenjoyit.Furthermore,learningaboutotherculturesandhowtoadjusttotheshockoflivinginthemhelpsyoulearnmoreaboutyourself.8.Whichofthefollowingisachallengewhenstudyingabroad?A.Findingamazingthings B.feelingfreefromschool.C.Disagreementwithteachers D.Differentideasfromothers.9.Howmanystagesofadjustingtocultureshockdoesthepassagemention?A.Two B.ThreeC.Four. D.Five.10.Whencanastudentfitincultureshock?,A.Onreachingabroad B.WhenyoureallyfeelgoodC.Duringthestageofrecovery D.Wheneveryoneseemsnice11.Whoisthepassageofintendedformostprobably?A.Universitystudents B.ExchangestudentsC.Boardingstudents D.teenagestudents【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述去一個不同國家學(xué)習(xí)，可能會受到文化沖擊，需要經(jīng)過四個階段進(jìn)行調(diào)整。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butdorememberthattherearealsosomechallenges,foryourviewsmaydisagreewiththedifferentbeliefs,norm(社會準(zhǔn)則),valuesandtraditionalcountries.（但請記住，也有一些挑戰(zhàn)，因?yàn)槟愕挠^點(diǎn)可能和不同的信仰、社會準(zhǔn)則、價值觀和傳統(tǒng)國家不一致。）”由此可知，在國外學(xué)習(xí)時，你的觀點(diǎn)和別人不同可能是一個挑戰(zhàn)，故選D。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的“thehoneymoon蜜月階段”，“thehostilitystage敵對階段”“recovery恢復(fù)階段”和“adjustment挑戰(zhàn)階段”，可知面對文化沖擊需要四個調(diào)整階段。故選C。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Inthisstage,youhavereachedapointwhereyouactuallyfeelgoodbecauseyouareabletounderstandthenewculture.（在這個階段，你已經(jīng)達(dá)到了一個你真正感覺良好的點(diǎn)，因?yàn)槟隳軌蚶斫庑碌奈幕＃庇纱丝芍?dāng)一個學(xué)生真正感覺良好的時候，也就是他適應(yīng)了文化沖擊。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一句“Doyouthinkstudyinginadifferentcountrythatsoundsveryexcitingandgreatfun?(你認(rèn)為在一個不同的國家學(xué)習(xí)聽起來很刺激和有趣嗎?)”以及下文講述的在不同國家學(xué)習(xí)，可能會受到文化沖擊，需要經(jīng)過四個階段進(jìn)行調(diào)整。可知，本文是寫給去不同國家學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生的，所以最有可能是交換生，故選B。DTheAmericanroboticscompanyBostonDynamicsrecentlymadepublicanewrobotcalledStretch.Itisdesignedtodoonlyonejob:tomovecontainers,orboxes,inlargestoragebuildingscalledwarehouses(倉庫).MichaelPerryisvicepresidentofbusinessdevelopmentforBostonDynamics.HesaidStretchisthefirstrobotdesignedforonejobthatthecompanyhasbuilt.Headdedthattherobotwasdevelopedbecauseofrequestsfromcompaniesaroundtheworld.“Weheardprettymuchuniversallyacrosswarehousingthattruckunloadingisoneofthemostphysicallydifficultandunpleasantjobs.Andthat'swhereStretchcomesintoplay,”PerrytoldReuters.Stretchhasasmallbasethatallowsittomovearoundsmallspacesinexistingwarehouseswithouthavingtoredesignthem.Therobotalsohasanarmwithhighlydevelopedcamerasthatcanidentify(確定)anddealwithboxesofmanyshapesandsizes.PerrysaidStretchcanpickupboxesthatweighabout23kilograms.Headdedthattherobotcanmoveabout800boxesinonehour.BostonDynamicsisknownforYouTubevideosofitsdog-like“Spot”andhumanoid“Atlas”robots.Perrysaidnowisagoodtimeforitslatestrobottobenefitfromincreasingdemandforspeedyhomedelivery(運(yùn)送).Expertssaythewarehousingindustryexperiencedstronggrowthin2020.Thatgrowthisexpectedtocontinuethisyear.TheysayonlinebuyingduringtheCOVID-19healthcrisisdrovetheneedforahugeexpansion(擴(kuò)大)indeliveryservices.BostonDynamicshasnotdecidedonapriceforStretch.Butthecompanysaidthesystemcanbesetupwithoutcostlyredesignsorinvestmentsinnewbuildingsorstructures.12.WhatmakesStretchmoveeasilythroughsmallplaces?A.Itsshortarm. B.Itssmallbase.C.Itshighlydevelopedcameras. D.Itsabilitytoidentifyboxes.13.WhatdoSpot,AtlasandStretchhaveincommon?A.Theyhavethesameshape. B.Theyareallfamousonline.C.Theyareofthesameweight. D.Theycomefromthesamecompany.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph6?A.Thenewrobotisincreasinglyneeded.B.Usersworryaboutthepriceofrobots.C.Robotshavereplacedpeopleincarryingheavygoods.D.COVID-19haschangedthewayofshoppingcompletely.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.OnlineShoppingMakesWorkersSufferGreatly. B.InventionsShouldMeetMarketNeeds.C.NewTechnologyChangesBusinessModels. D.ANewRobotAimstoDotheHeavyLifting.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了美國機(jī)器人公司BostonDynamics最近公開了一款名為Stretch的新型機(jī)器人。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Stretchhasasmallbasethatallowsittomovearoundsmallspacesinexistingwarehouseswithouthavingtoredesignthem.(Stretch的底座很小，可以在現(xiàn)有倉庫的小空間內(nèi)移動，而無需重新設(shè)計)”可知，Stretch由于底座很小所以可以輕松穿過小地方。故選B項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“TheAmericanroboticscompanyBostonDynamicsrecentlymadepublicanewrobotcalledStretch.(美國機(jī)器人公司BostonDynamics最近公開了一款名為Stretch的新型機(jī)器人)”和倒數(shù)第三段中“BostonDynamicsisknownforYouTubevideosofitsdog-like“Spot”andhumanoid“Atlas”robots.(BostonDynamics以其類似狗的“Spot”和人形“Atlas”機(jī)器人的YouTube視頻而聞名)”可知，Spot、Atlas和Stretch的共同之處是都來自同一家公司。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“TheysayonlinebuyingduringtheCOVID-19healthcrisisdrovetheneedforahugeexpansionindeliveryservices.(他們說，在COVID-19健康危機(jī)期間，網(wǎng)購?fù)苿恿怂拓浄?wù)的巨大擴(kuò)張)”可知，送的貨越多，就越來越需要新的送貨機(jī)器人。故選A項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Itisdesignedtodoonlyonejob:tomovecontainers,orboxes,inlargestoragebuildingscalledwarehouses.(它被設(shè)計成只做一項(xiàng)工作：在稱為倉庫的大型儲藏建筑中移動集裝箱或箱子)”可知，這篇文章主要講述了一個新機(jī)器人的工作目標(biāo)是做重物搬運(yùn)，D項(xiàng)“旨在做重物搬運(yùn)的新型機(jī)器人”符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。PublicSpeakingTrainingGetacoach___16___,sogethelp.Sincethereareaboutabillioncompaniesoutthereallreadytoofferyoupublicspeakingtrainingandcourses,herearesomethingstolookforwhendecidingthetrainingthat'srightforyou.FocusonpositivesAnytrainingyoudotobecomemoreeffectiveatpublicspeakingshouldalwaysfocusonthepositiveaspectsofwhatyoualreadydowell.Nothingcanhurtconfidencemorethanbeingtoldthatyouaren'tdoingwell.___17___,sogoodpublicspeakingtrainingshoulddevelopthoseinsteadoftellingyouwhatyoushouldn’tdo.___18___Ifyoufindapublicspeakingcoursethatlooksasthoughit’sgoingtogiveyoulotsofdosanddon'ts,walkaway!Yourbrainissofullofwhatyou’regoingtobetalkingabout.___19___.Asfaraswe’reconcerned,therearebasicallynohardandfastrulesaboutpublicspeaking.Youraudiencecanbeyourfriends.Youareaspecialpersonnotaclone.Mostimportantly,goodpublicspeakingtrainingshouldtreatyouasaspecialone,withyourownpersonalhabits.___20___.Yourtrainingcourseshouldhelpyoubringoutyourpersonality,nottrytoturnyouintosomeoneyou'renot.A.Youaren’tlikeanybodyelseB.YoualreadydolotsofthingswellC.TurnyourbackontoomanyrulesD.Checktherulesaboutdosanddon’tsE.Whateverthepresentation,publicspeakingistough.F.Theonethingyoudon’twantisforthemtofallasleepG.Sotryingtoforceawholesetofrulesintoitwilljustmakethingsworse【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.G20.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了進(jìn)行公共演講的訓(xùn)練要點(diǎn)。你可以找到一個教練幫助你進(jìn)行公眾演講訓(xùn)練也可以參加公眾演講訓(xùn)練課，并且指出應(yīng)該找到適合自己的培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)。【16題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題Getacoach以及設(shè)空處后句sogethelp（所以尋求一些幫助）可知，E項(xiàng)“不管是什么演講，公開演講都很難”符合此處語境，引起下文Sincethereareaboutabillioncompaniesoutthereallreadytoofferyoupublicspeakingtrainingandcourses。故選E。【17題詳解】根據(jù)下文sogoodpublicspeakingtrainingshoulddevelopthose(好的公共演講培訓(xùn)應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)這些能力，而不是告訴你你不應(yīng)該做什么事。)與空格形成因果關(guān)系，所以空格中應(yīng)表達(dá)“你已經(jīng)做得很好了＂的含義。故選B。【18題詳解】本題位于段首，為整段的主旨大意。本段第一句中提到lotsofdosanddon’ts,walkaway!可知，如果有的培訓(xùn)講太多的條條框框的話，要對條條框框說不。故選C（要對條條框框說不）作為本段主旨，符合題意。故選C。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上一句Yourbrainissofullofwhatyou’regoingtobetalkingabout(你的腦子里滿是你要講的內(nèi)容。)可知后一空與前一句形成因果關(guān)系，腦子里裝滿了條條框框只會使情況變得更糟。故選G。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上一句goodpublicspeakingtrainingshouldtreatyouasaspecialone,withyourownpersonalhabits.(良好的公開演講培訓(xùn)應(yīng)該是把你視作一個特殊的人，有著自己個人的習(xí)慣。)可知，本段講的是“與眾不同”，故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分：英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。BeforeIwenttoNatureHighSummerCamp,Ididn'thavemanyopinionsabouttheenvironment-I___21___theenvironmentwasforotherpeopletoworryabout.That____22____didn'tlastlongatthecamp.I___23___learnedaboutlanduseandforestmanagementandstartedto___24___theworldaroundme.Thepersonwho____25____memostwasDiane.Shehadworkedinthe____26____fortwentyyearsandwasbyfarthemost____27____professionalthere.Whenshestartedtalking,Ihungonherevery____28____andthoughtthateverythingshesaidmadesense.Diane___29___mebysuggestingthatputtingoutforestfiresisn't_______30_______agoodthing-infact,thecycleofnaturemakesit_______31_______thatfirestakeplacebecausetheyclearoutdeadmaterialsandenrichthe______32______.BecausetheForestServiceputoutallthefiresinthepast,theaccumulation（堆積）ofdeadmaterialsmeantthataforestfirewouldgrowbiggerandconsume_______33_______.Dianesaidthat_______34_______logging（伐木）wouldactuallyhelptheareabecauseitwouldclearoutthe_______35_______treesandallownewtreestogrow.Dianeaddedthatluckily,necessaryloggingconsumptionhadincreased,whichcould_______36_______theenvironment.I've_______37_______alotfromDiane.I_______38_______thathumansshouldprotecttheenvironment.Thereareother_______39_______forustodotheenvironmentafavor,suchasplantingtrees,_______40_______Paperandrecyclingwater.21.A.disagreed B.explained C.appreciated D.considered22.A.intention B.course C.plan D.opinion23.A.finally B.normally C.secretly D.unwillingly24.A.argueabout B.careabout C.hangaround D.sailaround25.A.supported B.believed C.influenced D.admired26.A.forest B.factory C.school D.city27.A.polite B.experienced C.satisfied D.curious28.A.invitation B.role C.choice D.word29.A.warned B.informed C.shocked D.cheated30.A.likely B.hardly C.always D.ever31.A.necessary B.easy C.worthless D.difficult32.A.knowledge B.mind C.situation D.soil33.A.less B.more C.harder D.better34.A.complete B.endless C.selective D.free35.A.dead B.thick C.newborn D.artificial36.A.help B.ignore C.enjoy D.destroy37.A.borrowed B.learned C.suffered D.ordered38.A.promised B.regretted C.realized D.decided39.A.reasons B.victims C.resources D.ways40.A.cutting B.saving C.making D.using【答案】21.D22.D23.A24.B25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.C31.A32.D33.B34.C35.A36.A37.B38.C39.D40.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了我在Diane的影響下對環(huán)境的認(rèn)識發(fā)生變化的過程，呼吁人類要采取不同的方法保護(hù)好環(huán)境。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我去自然高中夏令營之前，我對環(huán)境沒有太多的看法，我認(rèn)為環(huán)境是讓其他人擔(dān)心的。A.disagreed不同意；B.explained解釋；C.appreciated欣賞；D.considered認(rèn)為，考慮。根據(jù)前句的opinions“觀點(diǎn)，想法”可知，此處在談?wù)撟髡叩南敕ǎ蔬xD項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查名詞短語詞義辨析。句意：這種想法在營地里沒有持續(xù)多久。A.intention意圖；B.course課程；C.plan計劃；D.opinion觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)空格后句“Ilearnedaboutthelanduse”(我了解土地利用問題)可知，我的觀念改變了，故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我終于了解了土地利用和森林管理，并開始關(guān)心我周圍的世界。A.finally終于，最終；B.normally正常地；C.secretly秘密地；D.unwillingly不情愿地。根據(jù)前文可知，我有一個轉(zhuǎn)變的過程，使用副詞“終于”符合語境，故選A項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意同上。A.argueabout爭論；B.careabout關(guān)心；C.hangaround（在某處）等待；D.sailaround四處航行。根據(jù)第一段第二句提到的我原來認(rèn)為環(huán)境是別人要擔(dān)心的事情，現(xiàn)在我改變了想法可知，我開始關(guān)心了，故選B項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：對我影響最大的人是Diane。A.supported支持；B.believed相信；C.influenced影響；D.admired崇拜。根據(jù)前文可知，我對環(huán)境的認(rèn)識發(fā)生了改變，這是對我的一種影響，故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她在森林里工作了二十年，是那里最有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的專業(yè)人員。A.forest森林；B.factory工產(chǎn)；C.school學(xué)校；D.city城市。根據(jù)第三段她談到的“puttingoutforestfire”(撲滅森林火災(zāi)問)題可知，她應(yīng)該在森林服務(wù)局工作，故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.polite禮貌的；B.experienced有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；C.satisfied滿意的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“andthoughtthateverythingshesaidmadesense.”（認(rèn)為她說的一切都很有意義）可知，她在做演講，她是非常有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，故選B項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她開始說話時，我仔細(xì)聽著她說的每一個字，認(rèn)為她說的每一句話都有意義。A.invitation邀請；B.role角色；C.choice選擇；D.word字。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“andthoughtthateverythingshesaidmadesense.”（認(rèn)為她說的一切都很有意義）可知，我不想錯過她說的每一個字，故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：黛安的建議讓我感到震驚，她認(rèn)為撲滅森林大火并不總是一件好事——事實(shí)上，自然循環(huán)使得火災(zāi)的發(fā)生是必要的，因?yàn)樗鼈兦宄怂廊サ奈镔|(zhì)，使土壤肥沃。A.warned警告；B.informed提醒；C.shocked使震驚；D.cheated欺騙。這個事實(shí)與一般人認(rèn)知是不一樣的，所以會讓人感到驚訝，故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.likely可能；B.hardly幾乎不；C.always總是；D.ever曾經(jīng)。根據(jù)后句“becausetheyclearoutdeadmaterials”(是因?yàn)樗鼈兦宄赖舻奈镔|(zhì)并且豐富土壤)句意,可知火災(zāi)并不總是一件壞事，故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.necessary必要的；B.easy容易的；C.worthless沒有價值的；D.difficult困難的。由火災(zāi)的功能可知，火災(zāi)的發(fā)生有時是必要的，故選A項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.knowledge知識；B.mind思維；C.situation形勢；D.soil土壤。根據(jù)常識，死掉的物質(zhì)可以“化作春泥”豐富土壤，故選D項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：因?yàn)榱謽I(yè)局過去撲滅了所有的火災(zāi)，死亡物質(zhì)的積累意味著森林火災(zāi)會變得更大，消耗更多。A.less更少；B.more更多；C.harder更難；D.better更好。根據(jù)語境過去所撲滅的每一次火會留下大量死掉的物質(zhì)，不斷積累，屆時燒掉的話消耗的東西會更多，故選B項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：戴安說，選擇性砍伐實(shí)際上會幫助該地區(qū)，因?yàn)樗鼤宄罉洌屝碌臉渖L。A.complete完全的；B.endless無盡的；C.selective有選擇性的；D.free自由的。根據(jù)常識可知科學(xué)砍伐對森林的發(fā)展是有好處的，故選C項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.dead死的；B.thick厚的；C.newborn新生的；D.artificial人工的。死去的與新生的形成對比，故選A項(xiàng)。【36題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Diane補(bǔ)充說，幸運(yùn)的是，必要的日志記錄消耗增加了，這對環(huán)境有幫助。A.help幫助；B.ignore忽視；C.enjoy享受；D.destroy毀壞。根據(jù)副詞luckily可知，此處講的是積極的意義，故選A項(xiàng)。【37題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我從戴安身上學(xué)到了很多。A.borrowed借入；B.learned學(xué)習(xí)；C.suffered遭受；D.ordered命令。根據(jù)前文可知我在聽她講話，不放過每一個字，并且知道了一些以前不知道的事實(shí)，故選B項(xiàng)。【38題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識到人類應(yīng)該保護(hù)環(huán)境。A.promised承諾；B.regretted后悔；C.realized意識到；D.decided決定。呼應(yīng)前文提到的我的改變，我由不關(guān)心變?yōu)殛P(guān)心，意識到了自己應(yīng)該怎么做，故選C項(xiàng)。【39題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對我們來說，有其他保護(hù)環(huán)境的方法。A.reasons原因；B.victims受害者；C.resources資源；D.ways方式方法。根據(jù)suchas后面舉例植樹、循環(huán)利用水等可知，是有其他保護(hù)環(huán)境的方法，故選D項(xiàng)。【40題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們有其他的方法來幫助環(huán)境，如植樹，節(jié)約紙張和循環(huán)用水。A.cutting剪；B.saving節(jié)約；C.making制造；D.using使用。根據(jù)句意，保護(hù)環(huán)境的方法，節(jié)約用紙符合語義邏輯，故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)：語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)模ú怀^三個）單詞或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。ThePalaceMuseumhasannouncedthatallentranceticketsarenowbeingsoldonline,amove___41___（save）visitorsfromqueuingtobuyticketsatthegate.October2ndwasthefirstdaythemuseum,alsoknownastheForbiddenCity,soldall___42___（it）80,000dailyticketsonline.Forvisitors___43___havenotboughtticketsinadvance,museumstaffwillassistthemtopurchaseticketsontheirmobiledevices___44___scanningaQRcode（二維碼）.___45___（base）oncurrentsalesdata,between15,000to20,000ticketsperdayareavailabletobepurchasedonsiteusingtheQRcode.Thatamountisapproximatelywhatwas___46___（previous）soldthrough30ticketboothsintwohours.Ifvisitorsareunabletopurchasetheirticketsonline,forexampletheelderly,foreigntourists___47___thosewithoute-payment,staffatthemuseumcanbookticketsonlineontheirbehalf.AtrialoftheonlineticketingservicebeganonSeptember25th,2011.Lastyear,around77percentofthetickets___48___（book）online.Themuseumbegantolimitdailyvisitorsto80,000inJune2015,preventingexcessivenumbersoftouristsduringholidayperiods.Since2012,themuseum___49___（receive）atleast15millionvisitorseachyear,with____50____numberofvisitorshitting16millionlastyear.【答案】41.saving42.its43.that##who44.by45.Based46.previously47.and48.werebooked49.hasreceived50.the【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了故宮博物院通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)創(chuàng)新門票出售方式，大大方便了游客且增加了游客的數(shù)量，讓更多人可以走進(jìn)故宮。【41題詳解】考查分詞作定語。句意：一個使游客免于在門口排隊買票的舉動。名詞move后面為后置定語，move與save之家存在主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞即可，故填saving。【42題詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意：十月二日是故宮第一天在線賣完了它一天的八萬張門票。由故宮的門票可知，此處應(yīng)使用其形容詞性物主代詞，故填its。【43題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：對于沒有事先購買門票的游客，博物館的工作人員會協(xié)助他們用手機(jī)通過掃描二維碼購買門票。定語從句的先行詞visitors指人，且在從句中作主語，需用關(guān)系代詞that/who引導(dǎo)。故填that或who。【44題詳解】考查介詞。句意：博物館的工作人員會協(xié)助他們用手機(jī)通過掃描二維碼的方式購買門票。根據(jù)后面的動詞形式以及句意可知，此處需要填入一個表示方式的介詞，故填by。【45題詳解】考查非謂語。句意：基于當(dāng)前的數(shù)據(jù)，每天15000到20000張票可在現(xiàn)場通過掃描二維碼的方式買到。逗號前部分為非謂語，bebasedon“基于”，作狀語時用過去分詞短語即可，故填Based。【46題詳解】考查副詞。句意：那個售票數(shù)量大約是以前通過三十個售票窗口在兩個小內(nèi)賣出的數(shù)量。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此空格修飾從句中的謂語動詞wassold，應(yīng)使用副詞，故填previously。【47題詳解】考查連詞。句意：如果游客不能在線購票，比如老人，外國人以及沒有電子支付的人，博物館的工作人員可以代表他們在線購票。根據(jù)forexample可知后面為舉例，列舉最后一個時需要用并列連詞and連接，故填and。【48題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)以及主謂一致。句意：去年，大約77%的門票是被在線預(yù)定的。主語ticket為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語也應(yīng)使用復(fù)數(shù)形式，其與動詞book存在被動關(guān)系，且講述的是去年的事情，需使用過去式，故填werebooked。【49題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：自2012年以來，博物館每年已至少接待了1500萬游客。根據(jù)時間狀語“since2012”可知，本句應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，主語為themuseum，助動詞用has。故填hasreceived。【50題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：去年，游客的數(shù)量達(dá)到了1600萬。此處特指去年游客的數(shù)量，應(yīng)使用定冠詞，表示“…的數(shù)量”，故填the。第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)：短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）51.下面短文中有10處語言錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Whenthatcomestobooksandfilms,Ipreferreadingbooksthantowatchingfilms.Inmyopinion,bookshavemanybeautifulwordswhatmakepeople