2025年初中地理模擬卷：環境與可持續發展綜合能力測試題考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題要求：從每題的四個選項中，選擇最符合題意的一個。1.下列哪項不屬于可持續發展的內涵？A.經濟發展B.社會進步C.生態破壞D.文明進步2.下列哪個國家不是“一帶一路”倡議的參與國？A.俄羅斯B.德國C.澳大利亞D.菲律賓3.下列哪項不屬于我國生態環境面臨的嚴峻挑戰？A.水資源短缺B.土地荒漠化C.大氣污染D.生物多樣性豐富4.下列哪項不屬于我國生態文明建設的主要任務？A.優化國土空間開發格局B.推進綠色低碳循環發展C.加強生態環境保護D.深化生態文明體制改革5.下列哪項不屬于我國生態文明建設取得的重大成果？A.天氣質量持續改善B.森林覆蓋率不斷提高C.水資源利用效率提高D.大氣污染嚴重6.下列哪項不屬于我國生態文明建設的重要舉措？A.推進綠色低碳循環發展B.嚴格環境執法C.強化資源節約和環境保護D.發展綠色金融7.下列哪項不屬于我國生態文明建設取得的顯著成效？A.森林覆蓋率不斷提高B.水資源利用效率提高C.大氣質量持續改善D.土地荒漠化嚴重8.下列哪項不屬于我國生態文明建設面臨的挑戰？A.生態環境惡化B.資源約束趨緊C.生態系統退化D.生態環境質量總體改善9.下列哪項不屬于我國生態文明建設的重要目標？A.生態環境質量總體改善B.生態系統穩定性增強C.生態產品供給能力提升D.生態環境風險得到有效控制10.下列哪項不屬于我國生態文明建設的基本原則？A.堅持人與自然和諧共生B.堅持綠色發展C.堅持節約優先D.堅持創新驅動二、填空題要求：根據所學知識，將下列各題中的空格填入正確的詞語。1.可持續發展是指在滿足當代人的需要的同時，不________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________四、簡答題要求：根據所學知識，簡要回答下列問題。4.簡述我國生態文明建設