2025年托福TOEFL閱讀備考策略：長難句解析與模擬試卷（題型解析與實戰）一、閱讀理解要求：閱讀以下文章，并根據文章內容回答問題。Passage：Intheearly20thcentury,theconceptof"urbansprawl"begantoemergeasasignificantissueinurbanplanninganddevelopment.Urbansprawlreferstotheuncontrolledexpansionofurbanareasintothesurroundingcountryside,oftenleadingtothecreationofnewsuburbancommunities.Thisphenomenonhasbeeninfluencedbyvariousfactors,includingpopulationgrowth,technologicaladvancements,andchangesinlifestyle.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.ThecausesofurbansprawlB.TheeffectsofurbansprawlC.ThehistoryofurbanplanningD.Thedefinitionofurbansprawl2.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthefactorscontributingtourbansprawl?A.Populationgrowth,technologicaladvancements,andchangesinlifestyleB.Thedeclineofruralareas,theriseofurbancenters,andthedevelopmentoftransportationC.Theincreaseinthenumberofcars,thedecreaseinpublictransportation,andthegrowthofthemiddleclassD.Thedevelopmentofnewtechnologies,theriseofglobaltrade,andtheincreaseinthenumberofmultinationalcorporations3.Thepassagementionsthaturbansprawloftenleadstothecreationofnewsuburbancommunities.Whatmightbesomeofthepotentialnegativeconsequencesofthisdevelopment?A.Increasedtrafficcongestion,pollution,andadecreaseinthequalityoflifeB.Thepreservationofnaturalhabitats,thereductionofurbancrimerates,andtheimprovementofpublichealthC.Thedevelopmentofnewinfrastructure,thecreationofjobopportunities,andtheenhancementofsocialcohesionD.Theincreaseinpropertyvalues,theexpansionofeducationalfacilities,andtheimprovementofpublicservices二、完形填空要求：閱讀以下文章，并根據文章內容選擇最佳答案。Passage：TheInternethasrevolutionizedthewaywecommunicate,accessinformation,andconductbusiness.Withtheadventofsocialmediaplatforms,peoplecannowconnectwithothersfromallovertheworldinreal-time.Thishashadaprofoundimpactonvariousaspectsofourlives,includingeducation,politics,andentertainment.1.TheInternethasbroughtaboutsignificantchangesinthefieldof__________.A.technologyB.communicationC.transportationD.agriculture2.Socialmediaplatformsallowpeopletoconnectwithothersfrom__________.A.theirowncountryB.differentcountriesC.theirneighborhoodD.theirworkplace3.ThepassagesuggeststhattheInternethashada__________impactonourlives.A.negativeB.positiveC.neutralD.unpredictable4.Accordingtothepassage,socialmediaplatformshavechangedthewaywe__________.A.communicateB.workC.travelD.shop5.ThepassageimpliesthattheInternethascontributedto__________.A.thedeclineoftraditionalmediaB.theriseofglobaltradeC.theimprovementofpublichealthD.thereductionofurbancrimerates三、詞匯理解要求：根據文章內容，選擇與括號內單詞意義相近的詞語。1.Thecompany'sdecisiontorelocateitsheadquarterswasmetwith__________fromemployees.A.enthusiasmB.skepticismC.indifferenceD.excitement2.Thenewpolicyaimstoaddressthe__________ofthecurrentsystem.A.inefficiencyB.effectivenessC.fairnessD.complexity3.Theauthorarguesthattheproposedsolutionisnota__________approachtosolvingtheproblem.A.practicalB.innovativeC.sustainableD.comprehensive四、語法結構要求：選擇正確的選項完成句子。1.Thebook_______ontheshelfismine.A.layingB.laidC.layD.lies2.She_______theexambecauseshewasnotprepared.A.failedB.hasfailedC.hadfailedD.willfail3.Bythetimeyouarrive,I_______fortwohours.A.havebeenwaitingB.willhavebeenwaitingC.havewaitedD.willwait4.IfIhadknownaboutthemeeting,I_______there.A.wouldhavegoneB.wouldgoC.havegoneD.went5.She_______thekeyinthedrawerwhensheneededit.A.hadleftB.leftC.hasleftD.wasleaving五、寫作能力要求：根據以下提示，寫一篇100-120詞的短文。Prompt:Yourschoolisorganizingacharityeventtoraisefundsforalocalcommunitycenter.Asastudentrepresentative,youareresponsibleforpromotingtheevent.Writeashortspeechtoencourageyourfellowstudentstoparticipate.六、聽力理解要求：聽錄音，根據錄音內容回答問題。1.Whatisthemaintopicofthelecture?A.TheimpactofclimatechangeonagricultureB.ThehistoryofrenewableenergysourcesC.TheimportanceofsustainablelivingpracticesD.Thebenefitsoforganicfarming2.Accordingtothespeaker,whichofthefollowingisacommonchallengefacedbyrenewableenergyprojects?A.HighinitialcostsB.LackofpublicsupportC.TechnicallimitationsD.Limitedavailabilityofresources3.Thespeakermentionsaspecificexampleofarenewableenergyproject.Whatisthepurposeofthisproject?A.ToprovideelectricitytoaremotevillageB.ToreducecarbonemissionsfromafactoryC.TocreatejobsintherenewableenergyindustryD.Topromotetheuseofalternativefuelsintransportation本次試卷答案如下：一、閱讀理解1.A.Thecausesofurbansprawl解析思路：根據文章第一段，文章主要討論的是“城市蔓延”這一概念，并解釋了其定義，因此選項A正確。2.A.Populationgrowth,technologicaladvancements,andchangesinlifestyle解析思路：文章第二段提到，城市蔓延受到人口增長、技術進步和生活方式變化的影響，因此選項A正確。3.A.Increasedtrafficcongestion,pollution,andadecreaseinthequalityoflife解析思路：文章最后一段提到，城市蔓延可能導致交通擁堵、污染和生活質量下降，因此選項A正確。二、完形填空1.B.communication解析思路：根據文章第一句，互聯網改變了我們溝通、獲取信息和進行商業活動的方式，因此選項B正確。2.B.differentcountries解析思路：文章第二句提到，社交媒體平臺允許人們與世界上不同國家的人實時連接，因此選項B正確。3.B.positive解析思路：文章第三句提到，互聯網對我們的生活產生了深遠的影響，因此選項B正確。4.A.communicate解析思路：文章第四句提到，社交媒體平臺改變了我們溝通的方式，因此選項A正確。5.A.thedeclineoftraditionalmedia解析思路：文章最后一句提到，互聯網導致了傳統媒體的衰落，因此選項A正確。三、詞匯理解1.B.skepticism解析思路：根據句意，員工對公司的決定持懷疑態度，因此選項B正確。2.A.inefficiency解析思路：根據句意，新政策旨在解決當前系統的低效率問題，因此選項A正確。3.C.sustainable解析思路：根據句意，作者認為提出的解決方案不是解決問題的關鍵方法，因此選項C正確。四、語法結構1.D.lies解析思路：根據句意，書現在就放在書架上，因此使用現在時態，選項D正確。2.A.failed解析思路：根據句意，她因為準備不足而考試不及格，表示過去發生的動作，因此選項A正確。3.B.willhavebeenwaiting解析思路：根據句意，等你到達的時候，我已經等了兩個小時，表示將來完成進行時，選項B正確。4.A.wouldhavegone解析思路：根據句意，如果我知道有會議，我會去的，表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，選項A正確。5.A.hadleft解析思路：根據句意，當她需要鑰匙的時候，她已經把它留在了抽屜里，表示過去完成時，選項A正確。五、寫作能力Prompt:Yourschoolisorganizingacharityeventtoraisefundsforalocalcommunitycenter.Asastudentrepresentative,youareresponsibleforpromotingtheevent.Writeashortspeechtoencourageyourfellowstudentstoparticipate.SampleSpeech:Goodmorning,everyone!Iamthrilledtobeheretodayasastudentrepresentativetotalktoyouaboutanexcitingopportunitythatwehavecomingup.Ourschoolisorganizingacharityeventtoraisefundsforalocalcommunitycenter,andIwanttoencourageallofyoutoparticipate.Thecommunitycenterisavitalresourceformanyfamiliesinourarea,providingessentialservicesandactivitiesforchildren,adults,andtheelderly.Bysupportingthisevent,wecanmakeasignificantdifferenceinthelivesofthosewhorelyonthecenter'sservices.Wehaveplannedavarietyofactivities,includingatalentshow,abakesale,andasilentauction.Therewillbesomethin