PAGEPAGE19Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina(一)課前自主學習Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意1．philosophern． 哲學家2．philosophyn. 哲學3．advisern. 顧問4．barkn. 樹皮5．leathern. 皮革6．monkn. 和尚_7．categoryn. 范疇；種類8．sutran. (佛教的)經_Ⅱ.重點單詞——————寫其形1．teachingn. (常作復數)教化；學說2．thinkern. 思想家3．principlen．[縱聯1] 原則；準則4．positionn. 職位5．stressvt. 強調6．resignvi. 辭職7．kindnessn．[縱聯2] 和善8．loven. 仁愛9．softadj. 松軟的10．fueln．[縱聯3] 燃料11．conditionn. 狀況；條件；環境Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變1．equaladj.同等的；相等的v．比得上→equalityn．相等；同等→equallyadv.同等地；相等地2．importancen．重要；重要性→importantadj.重要的3．ordern．秩序→orderlyadj.整齊的；有秩序的4．influentialadj.有影響的→influencen．&v．影響5．honestyn．誠懇→honestadj.誠懇的[縱聯4]6．justicen．公正→justadj.公正的7．contributionn．貢獻→contributevi.貢獻；促成；造成8．inventvt.獨創→inventorn．獨創家→inventionn．獨創9．argumentn．爭論；辯論；爭論→arguevi.爭論；爭論；提出理由10．freedomn．自由→freeadj.自由的；空閑的；免費的[縱聯5]縱聯1.易混單詞先辨清①principle原則 principal校長②tissue組織 issue問題；發行③affect影響 effect結果④dessert甜點 desert舍棄⑤borrow借 sorrow哀思⑥wander閑逛 wonder想知道縱聯2.名詞后綴-ness大觀園①kindness和善 ②blindness盲目③darkness黑暗 ④weakness虛弱⑤loneliness孤獨 ⑥awareness意識縱聯3.各種“燃料”選一選①fuel燃料 ②coal煤炭③oil石油 ④gas汽油⑤petrol汽油縱聯4.以-y結尾的名詞一覽①honesty誠懇 ②difficulty困難③modesty虛心 ④discovery發覺⑤delivery投遞；交付 ⑥safety平安縱聯5.名詞后綴-dom薈萃①freedom自由 ②boredom無聊③kingdom王國 ④wisdom才智單元話題——歷史人物及事務子話題1歷史人物①emperorn．皇帝 ②queenn．女王；王后③ministern．大臣；部長 ④kingn．國王⑤empressn．女皇；皇后 ⑥princen．王子⑦princessn．公主 ⑧guardn．衛兵子話題2歷史事務①dynastyn．朝代 ②slaveryn．奴隸制度③battlen．戰斗；戰役 ④originn．起源；由來⑤aggressionn．侵略 ⑥revolutionn．革命⑦uprisingn．起義 ⑧incidentn．事變⑨invadev．侵略 ⑩occupyvt.攻占?sacrificev．犧牲 ?betrayvt.出賣；泄露(機密)?feudaladj.封建(制度)的 ?primitiveadj.原始的；遠古的?historicadj.歷史上聞名(或重要)的?historicaladj.與歷史有關的[學考對接·活學活用]高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應用1．(2012·遼寧高考閱讀C)Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogramshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.Morerecently,theChinesegovernmenthassetupConfuciusInstitutesinmorethan80countries.Theseschoolsteach?bothChineselanguageandculture.ThemaincoursesofChinesecultureusuallyincludedChineseart,historyandphilosophy?.SomesocialscientistssuggestthatWesternersshouldtakeadvantageoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternphilosophy.StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.SotheywillbereadyforlifeinaworldwhereChinaisanequal?powerwiththeUnitedStates.BusinessmenwhohopetomakemoneyinChinaarereadingbooksaboutConfuciustounderstandtheirChinesecustomers.①寫出teach在本單元中的同根名詞：teaching②寫出philosophy在句中的含義：哲學③寫出equal的名詞形式：equality。其近義詞fair,just，意為：公允的；公正的2．(2010·江西高考閱讀C)Neitherphilosopher?livedintimesofpeace,thoughthereweremorewarsinGreecethaninChina.TheChinesestateswereverylargeandfeudal,whiletheGreekcity-statesweresmallandurban.Theurbanenvironment?inwhichSocrateslivedallowedhimtobemoreradical(激進的)thanConfucius.UnlikeConfucius,Socrateswasnotaskedbyrulershowtogoverneffectively.Thus,Socrateswasabletobemoreidealistic,focusingonissueslike?(free),andknowledgeforitsownsake.Confucius,ontheotherhand,advised?thoseingovernmentservice,andmanyofhisstudentswentontogovernmentservice.①寫出philosopher在句中的含義：哲學家②寫出environment在本單元中的近義詞：condition③用free的正確形式填空：freedom④寫出advised在本單元中的同根名詞：adviser高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應用(依據漢語及提示翻譯句子)1．(2024·天津高考書面表達)我想強調的是我們小組現在正在找尋新成員。(stress)What_I_want_to_stress_is_that_our_group_is_looking_for_new_members_right_now.2．(2015·重慶高考寫作)只有這樣，我們才能為我們的家庭和社會做出巨大的貢獻。(contribution)Only_in_this_way_can_we_make_a_great_contribution_to_our_family_and_our_society.3．(2012·山東高考寫作)最終，參考一些好的英語學習網站對學習英語很重要。(importance)Finally,_referring_to_some_good_English_study_websites_is_of_great_importance_in_learning_English.(二)課堂重點釋疑1．equaladj.同等的；相等的；勝任的vt.等于；比得上n．同等的人；相等的物[記牢](1)equal...with... 把……與……等同(2)beequalto(doing)sth. 等于；能勝任(做)某事beequalwith 與……同等equalsb./sth.in(doing)sth. 在(做)某事方面比得過、 敵得過某人/物withoutequal 無與倫比(3)equalityn. 相等；同等equallyadv. 相等地；同等地；同樣地[練通]單句語法填空①Weneedtobeactiveinallkindsofsports,andpayattentiontomentalhealthwhichisequaltophysicalhealth.②HongKongWetlandParkisequally(equal)attractiveinspringandautumn,fortheweatherispleasantinbothseasons.③WeChinesepeoplehavepersistentlyurgedtheequality(equal)ofnations,bigorsmall.補全句子④Iam_not_equal_totheposition,soIdon'tapplyforit.我不能勝任這個職位，因此我不會申請它。⑤Hispaintingsarewithout_equalinthewesternworld.他的畫作在西方世界無與倫比。[寫美]翻譯句子⑥他們沒有意識到奢侈時間事實上等于自殺。They_don't_realize_that_wasting_time_is_actually_equal_to_killing_themselves.[聯想]表示“勝任……”的其他常見表達：①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor2．ordern．秩序；次序；吩咐；訂購；點菜vt.吩咐；訂購；點(飯菜)[記牢](1)inorderof 以……的依次inorder 井然有序；整齊；按依次inorderto 為了outoforder 次序顛倒；發生故障placeanorderforsth.(withsb.) (向某人)訂購某物(2)ordersb.todosth. 吩咐某人做某事orderthat...(should)do 吩咐……(應當)做[練通]單句語法填空①I'dliketoplaceanorderforsometeawithyourcompany.②(2024·北京高考)Ordered(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.③Whyisitthatleaderssooftenrefusetoapologize,evenwhenapublicapologyseemstobeinorder?[用準]order后接賓語從句時，從句的謂語要用虛擬語氣“(should＋)動詞原形”，should可以省略。[寫美]補全句子④(2024·北京高考書面表達)為了在畢業前給大家留下一些難忘的回憶，我們班制作了一個特殊的視頻來表達我們對學校的感謝之情。In_order_to_leave_some_impressive_memories_for_all_of_us_before_graduation,_ourclassmadeaspecialvideotoexpressourappreciationofourschool.3．stressvt.強調；施壓于；使驚慌n.壓力；重音；強調[記牢](1)stresstheimportanceof 強調……的重要性understress 在壓力之下underthestressof 在……壓力下；為……所迫lay/put/placestresson 強調；把重點放在……上(2)stressfuladj. 壓力大的；驚慌的stressedadj. 焦慮擔心的；心力交瘁的[練通]單句語法填空①Whenunderstress,evenamostgentlepersoncanbebad-temperedandgetangryeasily.②Nowadaysmoreandmoremiddleschoolstudentsaregettingstressed(stress)intheirstudies.③Mostdoctorsandnursesliveunderstressful(stress)conditions.④Helaidparticularstressontheneedfordiscipline.[用準]stressful“壓力大的”，通常修飾事物；stressed“焦慮擔心的”通常修飾人。[寫美]補全句子⑤為了給每個人強調這些歷史遺址的重要性和價值，政府已經加強規定去愛護它們。To_stress_the_importance_and_value_of_these_historic_sites_to_everyone,_thegovernmenthasstrengthenedregulationstoprotectthem.4．conditionn．狀況；條件；環境[記牢](1)living/housing/workingconditions 生活/住房/工作條件undertheconditionsof... 在……條件下(2)beingood/bad/poorcondition 處于良好的/糟糕的狀態bein/outofcondition 健康/健康欠佳(3)oncondition(that)... 在……條件下；倘如onnocondition 決不[練通]單句語法填空①Heundertooktoimprovetheworkingconditions(condition)andtheworkerswereexpectingit.②Idon'tcareabouttheprice,solongasthecarisingoodcondition.③I'llletyouusemybikeonconditionthatyoucanreturnittomorrow.補全句子④Onnoconditioncan_we_give_up_our_dreams;_onlyifwesticktoourdreamswillwebeabletogetoverallkindsofchallenges.我們決不能放棄幻想，只有我們堅持自己的幻想，才能夠克服各種挑戰。[用準](1)onnocondition放于句首時，句子需部分倒裝。(2)condition表示“(工作、生活或住房等)條件”時，通常要用復數形式；而表示“狀況”時，則為不行數名詞。[寫美]翻譯句子⑤我寫信是想告知你，我們學校四周的生活條件發生了巨大的變更。I'm_writing_to_tell_you_that_great_changes_in_living_conditions_have_taken_place_around_our_school.[詞匯過關綜合訓練]Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Despitethevarietyofinjuries,severalprinciples(原則)offirstaidcanapplytoallemergencies.2．Answeringthisquestionsuccessfullyshowsyoureallythinkaboutit.Italsoshowsyouareaseriouscandidatefortheposition(職位)．3．Hestressed(強調)thatstudentsshouldliveuptocertainstandardsofbehaviour.4．Itisveryimportanttoteachthechildrenhowtodealwithothers'kindness(和善)andrudeness.5．Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoft(松軟的)orangeblanketcoveringthedesert.6．Edisonkepttryingoutsomenewideasuntilheinvented(獨創)whathewanted.7．Mostairpollutioniscausedbytheburningoffuels(燃料)likecoal,gasandoil.8．Ifyouwanttosucceed,Ithinkthatsettingagoalforyourselfisofgreatimportance(重要)．9．Suchpeopleashavemadegreatcontributions(貢獻)totheworldshouldbegreatlyrespected.10．We'retryingtomakeournewspaperbecomemoreandmoreinfluential(有影響的)inourcountry.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Insomecountries,whatiscalled“equality(equal)”doesnotreallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.2．Heisunderalotofstressrightnowbecausehehasbeenaddictedtodrugs.3．Theywereinthemiddleofanargument(argue)butbrokeoffwhensomeonecameintotheroom.4．Whatpublicfiguresshouldoffertotheirfansishonesty(honest)andhappiness.5．NobodyknowswhyJackresignedfromoffice,forhedidagoodjobinthecompany.6．Theword“tuhao”caughttheattentionofthedictionary'seditingteaminUKafteraBBC'srecentprogramoninfluential(influence)Chinesewords.7．Learningtoreadandwriteopensthedoortoabetterjobandbetterlivingconditions(condition)．8．Someinventions(invent)arewellreceived,butintermsoffunction,theyaren'tverysuccessful.Ⅲ.依據提示補全句子1．我的鬧鐘壞了，今日早上3點把我叫醒了。(order)Myclockwasout_of_orderandwokemeupat3thismorning.2．其次，要主動向上和快樂，因為你的心理健康和身體健康同等重要。(equal)Foranother,bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthis_equal_to_your_physical_health.3．人們被建議把重點放在平衡飲食和適當的熬煉上。(stress)Peopleareadvisedtolay/put/place_particular_stress_onthebalanceddietandproperexercise.4．盡管已是八十高齡，這位老人依舊身體健康。(condition)Thoughinhiseighties,theoldmanisstillin_good_condition.5．這些改革為經濟的穩定作出了重大貢獻。(contribution)Thesereformsmade_a_major_contribution_tothestabilityoftheeconomy.(一)課前自主學習1．agree_with 同意；與……相符；適合(某人)2．be_at_war_with[串記1] 與……交戰3．bring_up 哺育；撫養4．become/be_interested_in 對……感愛好5．a_sense_of_responsibility[串記2] 責任感6．be_proud_of 為……驕傲7．in_conclusion 總之8．for_the_first_time 第一次[同根短語串記]串記1.“at＋n.”短語薈萃①atwar處于交戰狀態 ②atpeace處于和平狀態③athand在手邊 ④atwork在工作⑤atrest在休息 ⑥attable在吃飯⑦atrisk境況危急；遭遇危急 ⑧atsea在航海；茫然⑨atlength最終；最終 ⑩atschool在上學串記2.sense相關短語精選①asenseofresponsibility 責任感②inasense 從某種意義上來說③innosense/way 決不④makesense 講得通；有意義⑤makesenseof 理解；弄懂⑥asenseofdirection/humor 方向感/幽默感1．insociety在社會中2．followone'sadvice 遵循某人看法3．besimilarto 與……相像4．inthesecondhalfoftheeighteenthcentury 在18世紀后半葉5．afarmingsociety 農業社會6．IndustrialRevolution 工業革命7．thousandsofpeople 成千上萬的人8．inapoorandcrowdedconditions 在艱苦、擁擠的環境中1．Treatothersinthe_wayyouwanttobetreated.己所不欲，勿施于人。2．Menciusbelievedthatthe_reason_whymanisdifferentfromanimalsis_thatmanisgood.孟子認為人區分于動物的緣由就在于人性本善。3．However,wedo_knowthatin1092ADheinventedthefirstrealclock.然而，我們的確知道在公元1092年，他獨創了第一個真正的鐘表。[學考對接·活學活用]高考采擷(一)完形中的短語(補全句子)1．(2024·全國卷Ⅲ完形填空)“Moreinteresting,therearehundredsofCanadianswhoare_interested_in(對……感愛好)changingtheirnametoElizabethGallagher.”Axanisaid.2．(2024·全國卷Ⅱ完形填空)Onemorning,Ihadtobookanimmediateflighthomeforafamilyemergency.IranintoRani'sofficefor_the_first_time(第一次)．高考采擷(二)寫作中的短語和句式(補全句子)1．(2012·浙江高考書面表達)在“英語讀書周”中，我的一個同學向我們舉薦了一句話：“你的將來取決于許多事情，但主要取決于你。”我完全同意這種觀點。IntheEnglishReadingWeek,oneofmyclassmatesrecommendedaquotetous,whichgoeslikethis:“Yourfuturedependsonmanythings,butmostlyonyou.”Ican'tagree_more_withthisview.2．(2010·福建高考書面表達)總之，世界各地的人們應當意識到缺水的真實狀況，愛護現有的水資源，科學地探究潛在的水資源。In_conclusion,_peoplearoundtheworldshouldbeawareoftherealsituationofwatershortage,protectthepresentwaterresourcesandexplorepotentialonesscientifically.3．(2024·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)我的確信任你會玩得很快樂的。(do強調謂語)Ido_havetheconfidencethatyouwillhaveagreattime.4．(2011·陜西高考書面表達)學校里的一些全優學生在社會上沒有像他們預期的那樣勝利，緣由是來自他們父母的壓力讓他們幾乎沒有時間做其他的事情。(thereasonwhy...isthat...)The_reason_whysomeall-Astudentsinschoolhaveturnedoutnottobeassuccessfulinsocietyastheywereexpectedis_thatthepressurefromtheirparentsallowsthemalmostnotimeforotheractivities.(二)課堂重點釋疑[短語集釋]bringup哺育；撫養；教化；提出；嘔吐[辨清]寫出下列句中bringup的含義①Bornintoafamilywiththreebrothers,Davidwasbroughtuptovaluethesenseofsharing.教化②Hebroughtupapracticalplaninthemeeting,whichbroughtdownthecostofproduction.提出③Hewasdrunkandbroughtupwhathehadeatenatmidnight.嘔吐④Broughtupinabigcity,hefounditquitedifficulttofitinthecountryside.撫養；哺育[記牢]bringabout 引起；導致(事故、變更等)bringback 使某物復原；使回憶起某事bringdown 使……降低；使……倒下bringin 引入；賺得；掙得bringout 使顯現出；取出；闡明；出版[練通]單句語法填空⑤Thereasonwhythegoodsaresoldatsuchlowpricesisthatthemanufacturersarewillingtobringdownpricesinreturnforbigvolumeofpurchases.⑥Sharingwithfriendshelpedmebringbackmyconfidenceandfitinwithothers.⑦(2024·江蘇高考)WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahasbroughtoutthebestinherasadoctor.[寫美]補全句子⑧我們受教化的方式，以及我們的文化背景，將會極大地影響我們對表達生氣的感受。The_way_we_are_brought_up,_and_our_cultural_background,_willverymuchinfluencehowwefeelaboutexpressinganger.[句式集釋]1．theway(that/inwhich)引導的定語從句[教材原句]Treatothersinthe_wayyouwanttobetreated.[悟拓展例句](1)Ithinkyouhurthispridebylaughingatthe_way_(that/in_which)hespeaksEnglish.我覺得你訕笑他說英語的方式損害了他的自尊心。(2)The_way_that/whichcameupatthemeetingwasunpractical.在會議上提出的方法不切實際。(3)Isthisthewayyoucanimagineto_reduce/of_reducing_air_pollution?這是你能想到的削減空氣污染的方法嗎？[析用法規則]用法歸納(1)way表示“方式；方法”時，其后常接inwhich或that引導的定語從句，也可以將關系詞inwhich或that省略掉，此時關系詞在從句中作狀語。(2)way后接定語從句時，假如關系詞在從句中作主語或賓語則用關系代詞that/which，作賓語時還可以省略，作主語時不行省略。(3)way表示“方式；方法”時，其后還可接不定式或ofdoingsth.形式。[背寫作佳句](1)Yetinmodernsocietysomebodyhastodoordinaryjobssuchascleaningstreetsbecausethisisthewaysocietyisorganized.(要點句)(2)Schoolactivitiesareusuallyconsideredagoodwaytomakenewfriendsanddevelopnewinterests.(要點句)2．Thereasonwhy...isthat...[教材原句]Menciusbelievedthatthe_reason_whymanisdifferentfromanimalsis_thatmanisgood.[悟拓展例句](1)Thereasonwhy_he_has_had_such_a_success_is_thathenevergivesup.他之所以能取得如此大的勝利是因為他從不放棄。(2)Thereason(that/which)_he_explained_at_the_meetingwasthathedidn'tcatchthefirstbus.他在會議上說明的理由是他沒有趕上第一輛公共汽車。(3)Whydon'tyoubelievethe_reason_that_my_car_was_held_upinthetrafficjam?你為什么不信任我的車被堵在路上的緣由呢？[析用法規則]用法歸納(1)thereasonwhy...isthat...，表示“……的緣由是……”，其中why引導定語從句，that引導表語從句。(2)thereasonthat/which...，表示“……的緣由”，that/which引導定語從句，并在定語從句中作主語或賓語。(3)thereasonthat...，表示“……的緣由”，that后接同位語從句，說明其內容。留意事項reason用作先行詞時，首先推斷定語從句中缺少什么成分，假如缺少狀語，則要用關系副詞why或forwhich引導定語從句，why有時可省略；假如缺少主語或賓語，則要用關系代詞that/which引導定語從句，that/which在定語從句中作賓語時可省略。[背寫作佳句](1)(2024·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)Thereasonwhywechoosethismovieisthatitrepresentsthedevelopmentofourbelovedschool,whichisnotonlyinterestingbutalsomeaningful.(開頭句)(2)(2024·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)That'swhymoreandmorepeopleareinterestedinTangDynasty.(要點句)[詞塊、句式過關綜合訓練]Ⅰ.選詞填空agreewith，besimilarto，beatwarwith，bringup，becomeinterestedin，beproudof，inconclusion，forthefirsttime1．Brought_upinahappyandwealthyfamily,Robertlearnedhowtoobservegoodmannersathome.2．Asyourfriend,IknowhowhardyouhavebeenstudyingChineseandIam_proud_ofyourachievement.3．In_conclusion,_asadults,wehavemoreresponsibilitiesonourshouldersandshouldtakemoreintoconsiderationwhenmakingdecisions.4．Thetwosidesdidnotagreeonthesubjectfor_the_first_time,_sotodaytheywillsitdownoncemoretohaveadiscussion.5．Someofourfriendscanbe_similar_tous,andsomeofthemcanhavemanydistinctionsinsomeways.6．Withthehelpofourteacher,webegantobecome_interested_inEnglish.7．Youlookwell.TheairandtheseafoodsinSanyamustagree_withyou,Isuppose.8．Howlongdoyouthinkthetwocountrieswillbe_at_war_witheachother?Ⅱ.依據提示補全句子/句型轉換1．他沒得到這個工作的緣由是他的英語不好。(thereasonwhy...isthat...)The_reason_why_he_didn't_get_the_job_was_thathisEnglishwasnotverygood.2．你日常生活中發生的事情會變更你看待世界和世間的人的方式。(theway)Somethingthathappensinyourdailylifewillchangethe_way_you_look_at_the_worldandthepeopleinit.3．我現在很少熬煉，但我上初中時的確喜愛踢足球。(do強調謂語)Idon'ttakemuchexercisenow,butIdid_like_playing_football_when_I_was_injunior_school.4．(2024·北京高考書面表達)我們為自己感到特別傲慢，信任我們可以為一個更美妙的世界做更多的事情。(beproudof)Weare_very_proud_of_ourselvesandbelievewecandomoreforabetterworld.5．Toconclude,Iwouldliketothankeverybodywhohelpedme.→In_conclusion,_Iwouldliketothankeverybodywhohelpedme.(conclusion)Ⅲ.讀后續寫閱讀下面短文，依據所給情節進行續寫，使之構成一個完整的故事。Bekindtoothers.Irealizethisissimpleandverybasic.However,itisnecessaryanditdoesmake_a_difference.IoftenhavepeoplewhocrossmydailypathtowhomIcanshowkindness.Itisoftenjustasmile.Asmileoftensays,“Iseeyou.Youaren'tinvisibletome.Youareimportant.”Peopleneedsomeonetocareaboutthem.Ireadastorymanyyearsagoaboutamanwhohaddecidedtocommit_suicide.He'dlostafortune,hisjob,hisfamilyandnearlyeverythingheowned.Hewenttoalocalpawnshoptobuyagun.HeplannedtotakethegunbacktohisapartmentinNewYorkCityandkillhimself.Ashewasgettingontheelevator,alittleold_ladywasslowlygettingontoo.Shehadasmallcartshewaspullingbehindherandwashavingalittletroublegettingitintotheelevator.Hesaidthathewasactuallyabitangrybecausehewantedtohurry_up,_gettohisapartmentandendhisownlife.Hereached_out_totheoldlady'scartandforceditasithadbecomestuck.Hegotitfreeeasilyandshegotontheelevator.Afterthedoorclosed,shelookedupathimwithabigsmileandsaid,“Ifwehadmoreyoungmenlikeyouinthisworld,theworldwouldbeabetterplace.Youaresokindtohelp.Suchasweetyoungman.”Ofcourse,itchangedhisthoughtofgoingbacktokillhimself.HewantedtogoaroundNewYorkandfindpeoplethathecouldhelpandpeoplewhowerestrugglingevenwithsomethingthatwasassmallasthelittleoldlady'scart.留意：1.所續寫短文的詞數應為150左右；2．至少運用5個短文中標有下劃線的關鍵詞語；3．續寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；4．續寫完成后，請用下劃線標出你所運用的關鍵詞語。Paragraph1：Thatday,hislifechanged.Paragraph2：Later,heenjoyedgreatsuccessinhisworkandlife.[寫作步驟]第一步：速讀全文文本大意：一位年輕人幾乎失去了一切，所以確定自殺。他在乘電梯時遇到一位老太太，老太太行動遲緩，手推車卡在了電梯口。年輕人為了能快點到家結束自己的生命，順手幫了老太太一把，受到了老太太的贊揚。誰料想老太太的贊揚竟然變更了年輕人想要自殺的想法。敘述意圖：文章通過一個小故事彰顯與人為善的重要性。其次步：細讀全文1．所給短文情景模式分析。whoI,aman,anoldladywhatAmandecidedtocommitsuicide.Laterhegaveupthethoughtofkillinghimself.whenmanyyearsagowhereontheelevatorwhyHe'dlostafortune,hisjob,hisfamilyandnearlyeverythingheowned.Theoldladypraisedhimforhelpingher.2．對原文所供應的下劃線詞語進行分類。★人物：oldlady,family★事務：kind,kindness,small★動作與心理描寫：commitsuicide,hurryup,reachoutto,change,makeadifference第三步：細心謀篇1．Paragraph1：Thatday,hislifechanged.那一天，他的人生發生了變更。[情節分析]留意續寫段首句關鍵詞“hislifechanged”，所以本段續寫部分圍繞變更寫，續寫還要考慮文章首段提到的“Bekindtoothers.”以及文中提到的“commitsuicide”這一社會現象，并綜合他自殺的緣由：失去財寶、工作、家庭等。還要提及他的想法變更的緣由：kindness。因此續寫第一段應當寫做好事給他帶來的變更。2．Paragraph2：Later,heenjoyedgreatsuccessinhisworkandlife.后來，他在工作和生活上特別勝利。[情節分析]其次段接著寫詳細在哪方面發生的變更，寫作時留意關鍵詞Later,enjoyed,success,workandlife，即下文應當寫將來的事情，要圍繞工作和生活兩個方面來寫。第四步：初寫成文Paragraph1：1．他起先和別人共享他的故事，很快，他發覺自己成了一個很受歡迎的預防自殺的代言人。Hestartedsharing_his_story_with_othersandsoon,hefoundhimselfbeingapopularspokesmanforthepreventionofsuicide.2．他預防自殺的方法簡潔說來是這樣的。Hisremedyforpreventing_suicidewassimplythis.3．假如你想結束你的生命，你在最終的幾個小時應當為他人做五個小的善舉。Ifyouwanttoendyourlife,yourlastfewhoursshouldincludedoingfivesmall_acts_of_kindnessforotherpeople.4．那會變更你，你會意識到世間的美妙，并確定活下去。Itwillchangeyouandyou'llwakeuptothegoodnessinthisworldanddecide_that_you_want_to_live.Paragraph2：5．他最終在一家公司找到了一份工作，月薪4000美元左右。Hefinallyfound_a_job_in_a_companyandhisincomewasabout＄4,000amonth.6．他還幫助過一位曾經想自殺的女孩，最終兩人結婚了！Healsohelpedagirlwhowantedtocommitsuicideandfinallygot_married_toher!7．現在他有一個華蜜的三口之家，這都是因為他對那位老太太的小的善舉引起的。Nowhehasa_happy_family_of_threeallbecauseofthesmallactofkindnessheshowedtothelittleoldlady.8．他發覺自己有更多的目標，過得比以前更華蜜了。Hefindshimselflivingwithmorepurposesandliving_a_happier_life_than_before.9．只要有可能，他就會幫助那些生活中有困難的人。Wheneveritispossible,hewillreachouttothose_in_troubleinlife.第五步：潤色升級1．用高級詞匯替換要點3中的include。include→consist_of2．用withanincomeof改寫要點5。He_finally_found_a_job_in_a_company_with_an_income_of_about_＄4,000_a_month.3．把要點9改為省略句。Whenever_possible,_he_will_reach_out_to_those_in_trouble_in_life.第六步：復查定稿Paragraph1：Thatday,hislifechanged.Hestartedsharinghisstorywithothersandsoon,hefoundhimselfbeingapopularspokesmanforthepreventionofsuicide.Hisremedyforpreventingsuicidewassimplythis.Hesaid,“Ifyouwanttoendyourlife,yourlastfewhoursshouldconsistofdoingfivesmallactsofkindnessforotherpeople.Itwillchangeyouandyou'llwakeuptothegoodnessinthisworldanddecidethatyouwanttolive.”Paragraph2：Later,heenjoyedgreatsuccessinhisworkandlife.Hefinallyfoundajobinacompanywithanincomeofabout＄4,000amonth.Healsohelpedagirlwhowantedtocommit_suicideandfinallygotmarriedtoher!Nowhehasahappyfamilyofthreeallbecauseofthesmallactofkindnessheshowedtothelittleold_lady.Hefindshimselflivingwithmorepurposesandlivingahappierlifethanbefore.Wheneverpossible,hewillreach_out_tothoseintroubleinlife.理清文體結構之(十七)爭論文之總分總結構——觀點→論證→結論“總分總”類爭論文一般包括提出問題、分析問題和解決問題三大部分，在內容的綻開上常表現為“總分總”模式，即：首尾部分為“總”，中間分析問題部分為“分”，中間部分為爭論文的難點和重點，其呈現形式可以是分論點并列，也可以是遞進式的延長。不過，不管怎樣“分”，都應在“總”的統攝之下，并且為“總”服務。這種結構層次清楚，了解了論點是什么，如何論證的，結論是什么，便駕馭了文章大意，題目也會迎刃而解。[高考典例]2024·全國卷Ⅲ·D篇[讀文解題技法]總eq\a\vs4\al(分)總[1]Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmore_is_morewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?Thegoodnewsistha