高考題型提分練（七）閱讀理解提能練

（限時(shí)35分鐘）

I.閱讀理解

A

ThevastCaspianSea,thoughsometimesclassedasalake,isthe

largestlandlockedbodyofwaterintheworld.Thegatewaybetween

EuropeandAsia,itisborderedbyIrantothesouth,Azerbaijanand

RussiatothewestandTurkmenistantotheeast,whileKazakhstan's

Mangystauregionliestothenortheast.ManyvisitorscrowdtoCaspian

Seaeveryyeartoexperienceitsbeauty.

FISHING

Fishingisapopularpastimeandimportantindustrythroughoutthe

watersoftheCaspianSea.FromtheshoresofMangystauinKazakhstan,

itispossibletorentfishingboatsorjoinfishingtourstospendaday

fishingonthewater.

SAILING

TheCaspianSeaisfilledwithboats,ferriesandships.Itisapopular

waytotravelfromothermajorportcitiessuchasBakuinAzerbaijanto

Aktau,ordownthemightyVolgaCanal.Meanwhile,onasmallerscale,

boatscanberentedfromAktauforadayonthewater.

WATERSPORTS

ThebeachesofMangystau,lappedbythewatersoftheCaspianSea,

arethejumpingoffpointsformanypopularwatersports.Inthesummer

monthsespecially,visitorsenjoysunbathingandtakingarefreshingdip,

whilemoreactiveholidaymakerscanwindsurfandparasailtotheirhearts/

delight.

【文章大意】文章介紹了里海沿岸的旅游活動(dòng)。

1.HowmanycountriesaretherecirclingaroundtheCaspiansea?

A.3.B.4.C.5.D.6.

【解析】選Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由itisborderedbyIrantothesouth,

AzerbaijanandRussiatothewestandTurkmenistantotheeast,while

Kazakhstan'sMangystauregionliestothenortheast得埃口，里海沿岸有五

個(gè)國家。

2.Whatcanyoudoifyouwanttofishonthesea?

A.Youcanbuyyourownboat.

B.Youcanemployalocalfisher.

C.Youcanrentafishingboat.

D.Youcanbuyfishontheboat.

【解析】選Co細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章提到itispossibletorentfishingboatsor

joinfishingtourstospendadayfishingonthewater可知，如果想要捕魚，

可以租一艘漁船或參加捕魚旅行，故選C。

3.Whatwillyoudoifyouareabraveperson?

A.Sunbathing.B.Diving.

C.Swimming.D.Windsurfing.

【解析】選Do細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中提到moreactiveholidaymakerscan

windsurfandparasailtotheirhearts'delight可知，想冒險(xiǎn)的游客如果想

進(jìn)行刺激點(diǎn)的活動(dòng)，可以進(jìn)行帆板運(yùn)動(dòng)或帆傘運(yùn)動(dòng)。

B

ChildrenofHeavenisnearlyaperfectmovieforbothchildrenand

adults.Thethemeofthismovieissouniversalthatthereisnotachildwho

willnotbewide-eyedwithinterestandsuspense.

Thefilmisaboutaboywholoseshissister'sshoes.Hetakesthemto

thecobbler（補(bǔ)鞋匠）forrepairs,andonthewayhome,whenhestops

topickupvegetablesforhismother;ablindtrashcollectoraccidentally

carriesthemaway.Ofcourse,theboy,namedAli,isafraidtotellhis

parents.Hissister,namedZahra,wantstoknowhowsheissupposed

togotoschoolwithoutshoes.Thechildrenfeverishlywritenotestoeach

other,rightundertheirparents/noses.

Theanswerissimple:ZahrawillwearAli'ssneakerstoschoolevery

morning,andthenrunhomesothatAlicanputthemonforhisschoolin

theafternoon.ButZahracannotalwaysrunfastenough,andAli,who

isagoodstudent,getsintroubleforbeinglatetoclass.Andthereisa

heartbreakingscenewhereZahrasadlyfindsherownpreciouslostshoes,

nowonthefeetoftheragpicker'sdaughter.

ThefilmalsohasawonderfulscenewhereAliandhisfatherbicycle

fromtheshabbyandnarrowstreetsandalleysoftheoldtowntothe

high-risesandluxuryhomeswheretherichpeoplelive.

Thefatherhopesforworkasagardener,butheisfrightenedbythe

challengeofspeakingintotheintercoms（對(duì)講機(jī)）onthegatesofthe

wealthy.Hissonjumpsin,withoffersofcutting,weeding,spraying

andtrimming.Itisagreatvictory.

Andthenthereisafootraceforthepoorchildrenofthedistrict.The

winnergetstwoweeksinasummercampandotherprizes.Alidoesn't

care.Hewantstoplacethird,becausetheprizeisanewpairofsneakers,

whichhecangivetohissister.Theraceanditsoutcomewillbeasexciting

formanykidsasanythingthey'veseenatthemovies.

ChildrenofHeavenisaboutahomewithoutunhappiness.It'sabouta

brotherandsisterwholoveeachother,insteadoffighting.

【文章大意】這是一篇說明文，介紹一部伊朗的電影《天堂的孩子》，又

名《小鞋子》：生活不富裕的家庭里，哥哥因?yàn)橐馔飧銇G了妹妹唯一的

一雙鞋子，接下來兩人輪流換穿哥哥的鞋子飛奔著錯(cuò)時(shí)上下學(xué)，中間

兒經(jīng)周折，挫折連連，令人唏噓不已，但最終得償所愿，體現(xiàn)人性的關(guān)

懷和溫暖。故事告訴我們:貧窮固然不幸，但兄妹兩人互相體恤關(guān)愛，家

人之間充滿愛心，簡(jiǎn)單有愛的生活就是人間天堂。

4.Whydoestheauthorchoosetointroducethisfilm?

A.Toshowhissympathyaboutthetwochildren.

B.Topraiseapositivelifeattitudewithloveandcare.

C.Toexposepovertyinthecountry.

D.Tocriticisetheunequaldistributionofwealth.

【解析】選B。寫作目的題。從電影的內(nèi)容看，反映的是伊朗一家窮人

的日常生活，種種細(xì)節(jié)折射出他們生活上雖然物資匱乏，但精神富足,

一家人關(guān)愛體貼，兄妹互相扶持，所以他們某種意義上是幸福的。作者

肯定這種積極向上的生活態(tài)度，所以才介紹這部電影。A項(xiàng)作者想表達(dá)

對(duì)兩個(gè)孩子的同情，固然有這種因素，但這不是寫作目的;B項(xiàng)肯定充

滿關(guān)愛的積極生活態(tài)度才是作者想要傳遞給我們的思想;C項(xiàng)揭露這個(gè)

國家的貧窮，這個(gè)家庭的貧困是事實(shí)，但不是文章的重點(diǎn)，重點(diǎn)是想通

過他們的生活告訴我們什么;D項(xiàng)批評(píng)財(cái)富分布的不均，世界上任何地

方都存在這種現(xiàn)象，電影并沒有著重突出這一點(diǎn)，所以不是重點(diǎn)。

5.WhyisthemoviecalledChildrenofHeaven?

A.Becausethechildrenreceivegoodlook-after.

B.Becausetheirparentsworkhardtosatisfytheirdemands.

C.Becausethechildrenhavedreamstofulfill.

D.Becausethechildrenarepoorinlifebutrichinspirit.

【解析】選D。深層理解題。解析電影的名字，明明生活貧窮，好像事

事不如意，卻說是生活在天堂，這不是從他們的物質(zhì)生活角度出發(fā)，而

是著重人們美好的心靈和一家人之間的體貼關(guān)愛，有愛的地方就是天

堂。

6.What/sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword〃suspense“inthefirst

paragraph?

A.Fullofexcitementaboutthefuture.

B.Feelfrightenedaboutthecrueltyoflife.

C.Feelingoftensenessaboutwhatmayhappen.

D.Beangryabouttheunfairsituation.

【解析】選C。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，知道電影既感人至深又懸

念不斷，看的人揪心連連，所以此處表達(dá)的應(yīng)該是:電影的主題思想是

普世皆通的，所以即便是小孩子觀看時(shí)也會(huì)睜大眼睛，滿懷興趣和懸

念。A是對(duì)未來充滿激動(dòng)之心，應(yīng)該是期待美好事情的發(fā)生，但電影里

不都是美好的愿望得以實(shí)現(xiàn);B是對(duì)生活的殘酷感到害怕，流于片面,

生活不總?cè)缛艘猓腋＞痛嬖谟谏畹募?xì)節(jié)之中;C對(duì)接下來要發(fā)生

的事情感到緊張，這正是觀影時(shí)的正常反應(yīng)，因?yàn)椴恢绖∏闀?huì)往哪

里反轉(zhuǎn)所以才會(huì)緊張不安;D對(duì)不公平的現(xiàn)象感到憤怒，就整部電影的

主題思想而言，顯然跑偏，故不對(duì)。

7.Whatcanweexpectabouttheresultoftherace?

A.Alirealizeshisdreamandgiveshissistertheshoes.

B.Alibreakshispromiseandgoestothesummercamp.

C.Aligetsthefirstprizeandgiveshissistertheshoes.

D.Zahragetsthethirdplaceandwinsapairofshoes.

【解析】選A。推理判斷題。文章倒數(shù)第二段說:區(qū)里有個(gè)跑步比賽，第

三名的獎(jiǎng)品是一雙鞋子，阿里對(duì)第一名不在乎，他想要的是一雙還給

妹妹的鞋子，故推測(cè)他會(huì)努力贏得這雙鞋子,A項(xiàng)合適。B項(xiàng)從全文來看,

阿里不是一個(gè)會(huì)違背初衷背叛諾言的人;C項(xiàng)，因?yàn)榈谝幻莫?jiǎng)品是為

期兩周的夏令營(yíng)活動(dòng)和其他獎(jiǎng)品，阿里對(duì)此不感興趣，所以不會(huì)期待

這個(gè)獎(jiǎng);D項(xiàng)，從頭到尾沒有提到他妹妹參加比賽。

C

We'relivinginaneraofloneliness.It'sontheriseintheU.S.

Accordingtoarecentsurvey,morethanhalfofAmericansqualifyas

loneliness.Andyet,inpublicspaces,peoplerarelymakeeyecontactor

strikeupconversations.Ifthissoundslikeyou,there'sagoodreasonto

kickyourunaccompaniedhabit.Youmightbehappierifyoustarttalkingto

strangers.

Inanewpaper,researcherstriedtofigurethisoutbystudying

peoplecommutingintoChicagoonthetrain.Somecommutersweregiven

anassignmentforcommute:Theywereaskedtoeitherstrikeupa

conversationwithastranger,activelyavoidcontactwithotherpeople,

ordowhateverhappenednaturally.Afterward,thecommutersmailed

theresearchersaquestionnaireevaluatingtheirexperience.

Theresearcherscomparedtheseresponsestoresponsesfroma

secondgroupofcommuterswhowerejustaskedtoimaginestrikingupa

conversationwithastranger;avoidingotherpeople,orcommuting

normally.Itturnedoutthatcommuterswhochattedwithstrangersinreal

lifehadthemostpleasurablecommutes—butwhencommutersimagined

thisexperience,theypictureditasuncomfortableandrateditasthe

worstofthethreecommuteapproaches.

Thispatternofresultsdemonstratesaseveremisunderstandingofthe

psychologicalconsequencesofsocialengagement,NicholasEpley&

JulianaSchroederwrite.Thismisunderstandingisespeciallyunfortunate

giventheaverageAmerican'slongingforsocialconnectionandthefact

thatdatasuggestscommutingistheworstpartofmostpeople'sday.

Youmightthinkthatwechoosetobeseparatebecauseourmemories

ofpastencounterswithstrangerstendtobenegative,butthatdoesn't

seemtobethecase.Aspartofthestudy,theresearchersasked

commuterstoimagineapositiveconversation,anegativeconversation,

andsimply"aconversation*'withastranger.Thecommutersdidn/timagine

thelastoneasespeciallynegative.

Theauthorssuggestthatinstead,wechooselonelinessonour

commutesoutofafearofrejection.Studyparticipantsreportedan

interestintalkingtostrangers,buttheydidn'tthinkitwas「eciprocated.

Theythinkthechanceofsuccessfullystrikingupaconversationasaround

50-50.Accordingtoallthedatatheresearchersgathered,however;an

attemptatconnectionwasbasicallyguaranteedtosucceed.

【文章大意】這是一篇說明文，越來越多的人會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)，很少在公共

場(chǎng)合與他人交談，一項(xiàng)新的研究以芝加哥地鐵上通勤的乘客為對(duì)象,

結(jié)果表明與陌生人聊天能夠使通勤變得愉快，我們之所以在通勤途中

選擇獨(dú)處是因?yàn)楹ε卤痪芙^，害怕得不到回應(yīng)，而研究數(shù)據(jù)表明，只要

試圖交流基本都能成功。

8.Howdidthecommuterspresenttheirexperiencetotheresearchers?

A.Bytakingphotos.

B.Bywritingajournal.

C.Byshootingashortvideo.

D.Bymailingaquestionnaire.

【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第二段"thecommutersmailedthe

researchersaquestionnaireevaluatingtheirexperience."可知通勤的乘

客將一份評(píng)估他們體臉的問卷調(diào)查寄給研究人員，故答案為D項(xiàng)。

9.Accordingtotheresearch,whowillmostenjoytheircommutes?

A.Thosewhotalkwithstrangersinreality.

B.Thosewhohaveaninterestingossiping.

C.Thosewhohaveanimaginarytalkwithothers.

D.Thosewhoavoidmakinganysocialconnections.

【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第三段"Itturnedoutthatcommuters

whochattedwithstrangersinreallifehadthemostpleasurable

commutes”結(jié)果證明那些在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中與陌生人聊天的通勤乘客的通

勤最愉快，故答案為A項(xiàng)。

10.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword

“reciprocated"inthelastparagraph?

A.Ignored.B.Approved.

C.Responded.D.Thought.

【解析】選C。詞義推測(cè)題。從文章最后一段"Theythinkthechanceof

successfullystrikingupaconversationasaround50-50."他們認(rèn)為成功

聊天的概率是50%可知，他們認(rèn)為聊天不會(huì)被回應(yīng)，故答案為C項(xiàng)。

11.Whatdoestheresearchsuggest?

A.Fewpeoplehaveaninterestintalkingtostrangers.

B.Anattempttostartaconversationbasicallysucceeds.

C.Peopleconsideritalmostimpossibletostrikeaconversation.

D.Peopleprefertobesolitaryduetothenegativepastmemories.

【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段最后一句"Accordingtoallthe

datatheresearchersgathered,however,anattemptatconnectionwas

basicallyguaranteedtosucceed.〃根據(jù)研究人員收集的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，只要

你試圖去交流，基本都能成功，可知答案為B項(xiàng)。

D

NASAisaskingpeopletohelpitlabelthousandsofphotosfromMars.

Thelabelswillbeusedtotrainacomputersystemtorecognizedifferent

surfacesonMars.ThiswillhelpNASAdriveitsrovers（漫游車）safelyfor

longerperiodsoftime.

LearningmoreaboutthemakeupofthelandonMarsisvery

importantforprotectingNASA'sroversontheredplanet.In2009,a

rovercalledSpiritgotstuckinasandtraponMarsandnevermanagedto

getout.NASA/sCuriosityRoverhasbeenonMarsforeightyears.Ithas

sentbackhundredsofthousandsofpictures,aswellasinformationthat

hashelpedscientistsgetamuchbetterunderstandingofwhatMarsis

reallylike.ButCuriosityfacesaproblem—itswheelsarewearingout,

andthere'snochanceofgettingthemreplaced.

Tomakethewheelslastaslongaspossible,NASAneedstogeteven

betteratidentifyingdifferentkindsofMarsgroundsurfaces,soitcan

choosesmoothpathsforCuriosity.Thespaceagencyisaskingordinary

peopletohelpitlabelthousandsofphotosfromMars.Thelabelswillbe

usedtotrainanartificialintelligencecomputerprogramtoidentify

differentkindsofgroundsurfacesonMars.

NASAisworkingwithZooniverse,awebsitethatallowsscientiststo

gethelpfromlargegroupsofordinarypeople.Thetwohavesetupa

specialsitecalledAlAMars.Visitorstothesitearetaughthowtoidentify

differentkindsofgroundonMars.Therearefourdifferentcategories:

sand,soil,largeflatrocks,andbigrocksrisingoutoftheground.

ThenvisitorsareaskedtodrawoutlinesonpicturesofMars,andlabel

theoutlinedareas.Sofar,theprojectisabout34%complete.Nearly4,

000volunteershavelabeledaround140,000areasinphotosofMars.

【文章大意】美國宇航局要求人們幫助它標(biāo)記數(shù)千張來自火星的照片。

這些標(biāo)簽將用于訓(xùn)練計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)來識(shí)別火星上的不同表面，這將有助

于美國宇航局的火星漫游車更安全、更持久地使用。

12.WhyarepeopleaskedtohelplabelMars?

A.TolearnaboutthesurfacesofMars.

B.TohelpNASAreduceheavyburden.

C.ToprotectNASA'sroversonMars.

D.Tosavetheroverstrappedinsand.

【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，美國宇航局要求人們幫

助標(biāo)記火星照片是為了保護(hù)火星上的漫游車。故選C。

13.WhatisintendedtoshowbymentioningSpiritroverinParagraph2?

A.InformationaboutthegroundsurfacesonMars.

B.ImportanceofknowingaboutthesurfacesonMars.

C.DangersofNASA'sroversonMars.

D.BiglossesofNASA'sroversonMars.

【解析】選Bo推理判斷題。文中第二段提到2009年一輛名為〃精神〃

的火星漫游車被困在火星上的沙坑里，再也沒有成功走出，目的就是

要證明本段第一句話"Learningmoreaboutthemakeupofthelandon

MarsisveryimportantforprotectingNASA'sroversontheredplanet."

更多地了解火星上的陸地構(gòu)成對(duì)于保護(hù)美國宇航局在火星上的漫游車

非常重要。故選B。

14.WhatcanweinferabouttheprojectoflabelingMarsfromthelast

paragraph?

A.Itiseasy.B.Itisrewarding.

C.Itistime-consuming.D.Itisdemanding.

【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中"Sofar,theprojectis

about34%complete.Nearly4,000volunteershavelabeledaround140,

000areasinphotosofMars.〃可推斷出，這項(xiàng)工程是耗時(shí)的。故選C。

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.OrdinaryPeopleIdentifyGroundSurfacesonMars

B.NASAisWorkingWithZooniverse

C.VolunteersAreLabelingMars

D.NASAWantsHelpinLabelingMars

【解析】選D。標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文大意，尤其首段第一句話"NASAis

askingpeopletohelpitlabelthousandsofphotosfromMars”可知D選項(xiàng)

適合本文標(biāo)題。

11.閱讀填句

Doyouhaveahardtimerememberingwhatyouread?1.You

mayhavejustreadthetext,buttheideas,conceptsandimagesmay

flyrightoutofyourhead.Hereareafewtricksforrememberingwhatyou

read.

?Areyouconfused?

Iftheplot,characters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,you

probablywon'tbeabletorememberwhatyouread.It'sabitlikereading

somethinginaforeignlanguage.Ifyoudon'tunderstandwhatyou're

reading,howwouldyourememberit?2Youcanuseadictionary

oraskpeersforhelp.

3

Doesacharacterremindyouofafriend?Doesthesettingmakeyou

wanttovisittheplace?Doesthebookinspireyou,andmakeyouwant

toexploremore?Asforsomebooks,youmayfeelaconnectionright

away.Butotherbooksrequireabitmoreworkonyourpart.Howwilling

areyoutomaketheconnectionshappen?

?Readit,hearitandbeit.

Readthelines.Then,