不定式---不定式的構(gòu)成式｜態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式towritetobewritten完成式tohavewrittentohavebeenwritten進(jìn)行式tobewriting

完成進(jìn)行式tohavebeenwriting不定式的句法功能作主語(yǔ)Tohearfromyouisnice.不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了保持句子的平衡，往往以it作形式主語(yǔ)，而不定式置于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后。如：It’snicetohearfromyou.作賓語(yǔ)通常用于afford,agree,aim,arrange,ask,attempt,choose,continue,dare,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,fail,hate,help,hesitate,hope,intend,learn,long,love,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prefer,prepare,pretend,promise,prove,refuse,seek,threaten,trouble,wait,want,wishIforgottolockthedoor.Pleaseremembertowritetome.作表語(yǔ)Myjobistopickupletters.作定語(yǔ)須放在被修飾的名詞之后Heisalwaysthefirstonetogetup主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)Ihaveabooktoread.作賓補(bǔ)通常用于advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,challenge,convince,enable,encourage,expect,forbid,force,instruct,invite,order,permit,persuade,recommend,remind,request,require,teach,tell,train,urge,want,warn等詞后。如：Heorderedhertoleaveatonce.作狀語(yǔ)Hegotupearlytocatchthefirstbus.作獨(dú)立成分tobehonest,tobeginwith,tostartwith,totellyouthetruthTotellyouthetruth,Itoldalie.Tobegin/startwith,let’ssingasong.“疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Idon’tknowhowtochoosethem.不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.但當(dāng)表語(yǔ)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)的特征屬性時(shí)要用of如：good,kind,nice,wise,clever,silly,stupid,foolish,right,wrong,rude,impolite,carelessItisverykindofyoutohelpme.=youarekindtohelpme.too…to結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Hewastooexcitedtogotosleep.動(dòng)詞不定式省略省略towatch,see,notice,observe,lookat,hear,listento,feel,make,let,have但getsbtodo注意：主動(dòng)省to,被動(dòng)加to。donothingbutIdidnothingbutsleep.Iwanted/chose/desirednothingbuttosleep.兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的不定式并列在一起時(shí)，第一個(gè)不定式帶to，后面的不定式往往把to省去。Iwishtofinishmytaskand(to)getaway.但表對(duì)照，不能省toItisbettertolaughthantocry.省略動(dòng)詞部分,為避免重復(fù)，口語(yǔ)中?？墒∪ヅc前邊動(dòng)詞重復(fù)的動(dòng)詞原形而留下to。---Wouldyouliketogotothefilmswithme?---I’dliketo.inorderto,soastoIgotupearlyinorderto/soastocatchthefirstbus.Heissaidtohavebeenrich.Itissaidthathehasbeenrich.onlytodo表結(jié)果Hehurriedhomeonlytofindthedogdead.練習(xí)1.It’simportantforthefigures______regularly.（北京卷）A.tobeupdatedB.tohavebeenupdatedC.toupdateD.tohaveupdated2.ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable______.（福建卷）A.held B.holdingC.beheld D.tohold3.Simonmadeabigbamboobox____thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.（四川卷）A.keepB.keptC.keepingD.tokeep4.MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmentofficials,willbeproduced______people’sconcernoverfoodsafety.（重慶卷）A.toraise B.raisingC.tohaveraised D.havingraised5.Ihavealotofreadings_____beforetheendofthisterm.(山東)A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted6.Hisfirstbook____nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.(陜西)A.publishedB.tobepublishedC.topublishD.beingpublished7.Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant___.(四川)A．todealwithB．dealingwithC．tobedealtwithD．dealtwith8.Wewereastonished_______thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.(遼寧)A．findingB．tofindC．findD．tobefound9.Thatbeggarseems____anythingyesterday.A.nottohaveeaten B.nottoeatC.didn’teat D.tonothaveeaten10.Weareinvitedtoaparty____inourclubnextFriday.（山東）A.tobeheldB.heldC.beingheldD.holding11.Davidthreatened_____hisneighbortothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.（上海）A.tobereported B.reportingC.toreportD.havingreported12.Hetolduswhether__apicnicwasstillunderdiscussion.（四川）A.tohave B.havingC.have D.had13.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew_______withallbyourselveseveryday.(重慶)A.dealB.dealtC.todealD.dealing14.—Haveyouenjoyedyourvisithere?—Yes,I’llbeverysorry___.A.forleaving B.ofleaving C.toleave D.withleaving15.Thelostchilddesirednothingbut_____home.A.go B.togo C.going D.went16.Nowwecouldnotdoanythingbut_____forhimhere.A.waited B.waiting C.towait D.wait17.Idon’tknowherandIdon’t____.A.wantB.wanttoC.wantitD.wantso18.Toplayfairisasim