CelebritiesUNIT3FuntimeLearningobjectivesMoviekaleidoscopeCulturelinksMoviebasicsTestyourselfUnit3CelebritiesLearningobjectivesTohaveadeepunderstandingofthecelebritiesinvolved1CelebritiesTogainaninsightintothecausesoftheirsuccess2TohaveabasicknowledgeaboutthepoliticalsystemsinBritainandAmerica.3SectionATheIronLadyMovieBasicsTrailerMatchingAwardsandNominationsTrailerFollow-upQuestions1.Accordingtothetrailer,whatgenremightthemoviebelongto?biopic[?ba???p?k]傳記電影2.MerylStreep

playsMargaretThatcherinTheIronLady.CanyoumatchherfilmswiththeirChineseequivalents?MerylStreep梅麗爾·斯特里普穿普拉達(dá)的女王廊橋遺夢媽媽咪呀！走出非洲TheDevilWearsPradaOutofAfricaTheBridgesofMadisonCountyMammaMia!MatchingNothing'sgonnachangemyloveforyouthemesong

MovieProfilesGenre:biopic,dramaDirector:PhyllidaLloydStarring:MerylStreepJimBroadbentReleaseYear:2011RunningTime:104minsCountry:

UK,FranceAwardsandNominationsMargaretThatcher2.BritishPoliticalSystem3.BritishPoliticalPartiesCultureLinksWhoisMargaretThatcher?MargaretHildaThatcherwasaBritishstateswomanwhoservedasPrimeMinisteroftheUnitedKingdomfrom1979to1990andLeaderoftheConservativeParty(保守黨)from1975to1990.Shewasthelongest-servingBritishprimeministerofthe20thcenturyandthefirstwomantoholdthatoffice.MargaretThatcherASovietjournalistdubbedhertheIronLady,anicknamethatbecameassociatedwithheruncompromisingpoliticsandleadershipstyle.AsPrimeMinister,sheimplementedpoliciesknownasThatcherism.EarlylifeandeducationBornin1925,youngMargarethadanenthusiasmtowardpolitics,especiallytheConservativePartyundertheinfluenceofherfather.“Donotbeafraidtobedifferentandgowiththeflow,youhavetodecidewhatdoyoudo,ifnecessary,toleadothers,butyouwillnevergowiththeflow”MargaretgraduatedfromtheOxfordUniversity,majoringinchemistryandbecamePresidentoftheOxfordUniversityConservativeAssociation(牛津大學(xué)保守黨協(xié)會主席)in1946.HerfamilyInDecember1951,MargaretmarriedDenisThatcher,awealthybusinessman,whoassistedMargaretwithherpoliticalambitions.“IcouldneverhavebeenPrimeMinisterformorethan11yearswithoutDenisbymyside.”

Thesameyearhertwins,CarolandMark,wereborn.

PoliticalcareerMemberofParliament(1959–70)EducationSecretaryandCabinetMinister(1970–74)LeaderoftheOpposition(1975–79)PrimeMinisteroftheUnitedKingdom(1979-90)reducecontrolsandinterferenceintotheeconomymakeprivatizationthemostimportantstate-ownedindustries

reduceinflation

controlmoneysupplyreduce

publicexpenditure(education,unemploymentbenefits,childbenefits)reducethepowerandinfluenceoftradeunionsThatcherismThatcherintroducedaseriesofeconomicpoliciesduringtheperiodwhenshewasthePrimeMinister(1979-1990):variousstate-ownedbusinessesweresoldoff,includingvariousfunctionsrelatedtotherailwaysUKminers’strike(1984–85)MargaretThatcherisalwaysacontroversialfigure.Underherleadership,theinflationratewasbroughtundercontrol,businessprofitsincreased,andBritaingainedavictoryinthe1982FalklandsWar(馬島戰(zhàn)爭).Buttheearly1980ssawtherapidriseinunemployment.

TheinfluenceofThatcherIn1982MargaretThatchervisitedBeijing.Unfortunately,thistimetheIronLadymetatoughermanMr.DengXiaoping

andshereluctantlysignedtheJointDeclarationin1984,settingoutwithChinesegovernmentanagreedmechanismbywhichthecitywouldbereturnedtoChinain1997.JointDeclarationin1984AnanecdoteabouttheJointDeclarationin1984Followingseveralyearsofpoorhealth,Thatcherdiedin2013at

TheRitzHotel

inLondonaftersufferinga

stroke.Afterwards,agrandfuneralwasheldforher.Undeniably,shehasbeenoneofthegreatestandmostinfluentialpoliticiansinBritishhistory.

MargaretThatcherBritishpoliticalsystemWhatistheBritishsystemofgovernment?(政體)BritishPoliticalSystemConstitutionalmonarchy(君主立憲制)

parliamentarydemocracy(議會民主制)TheBritishgovernmentischaracterisedbyadivisionofpowers（三權(quán)分立）amongthelegislature(立法權(quán)),theexecutive（行政權(quán)）andthejudiciary（司法權(quán)）.BritishPoliticalSystemThe“PalaceofWestminster(威斯敏斯特宮)ishomeoftheBritishParliament.BritishPoliticalSystemlegislatureParliamentTheHouseofLords上院TheHouseofCommons下院TheCrown國王

TheHouseofLordsStructure:lifepeers,archbishopsandbishops,hereditarypeers.Power:ReviewlegislationapprovedbytheHouseofCommons.TheHouseofCommonsStructure:TheUKpublicelects650MembersofParliament(MPs)torepresenttheirinterestsandconcernsPower:proposenewlawsscrutinizegovernmentpoliciesinfluencefuturegovernmentpolicyRedChamber(紅廳)GreenChamber(綠廳)BritishPoliticalSystemtheexecutivegovernmenttheCabinetministers內(nèi)閣大臣assistantstotheministers政務(wù)次官thePrimeMinisterTheCabinetisthecoreoftheBritishpoliticalsystem.TheCabinetismadeupoftheseniormembersofgovernment.BritishPoliticalPartiesInmodernBritain,therearetoptwobiggestparties:ConservativeParty保守黨LaborParty工黨,OthersalsoincludetheDemocraticLiberal,GreenParty,etc.BritishPoliticalPartiesTheConservativePartysupportforfreemarketcapitalism(自由市場資本主義),freeenterprise(自由企業(yè)),fiscalconservatism(財(cái)政保守主義),astrongnationaldefence(加強(qiáng)國防),deregulation(管制撤銷),andrestrictionsontradeunions.BritishPoliticalPartiesLaborPartybelievesinanegalitarianeconomy(平等經(jīng)濟(jì))andredistributivefunctionofthegovernment-totransferwealthfromtherichtothepoorbymeansofimposingheavytaxesontheaffluentones.TestYourself1.WhichofthefollowinghasneverbeenthePrimeMinisterofBritain?A.WinstonChurchillB.TonyBlairC.HaroldWilsonD.ThomasJefferson2.WhichofthefollowingissueisnotconnectedwithMargaretThatcher?A.NegotiationofHongKongHand-over.B.Privatizationofstate-ownedindustries.C.Large-scaleunemployment.D.Risingsocialwelfare.TestYourself3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueabouttheBritishPoliticalsystem?A.TheUnitedKingdomadoptstripartitepoliticalsystem.B.Conventionally,theGeneralElectionisheldeveryfiveyears.C.ThePrimeMinisteristheheadofthecountry.D.Theparliamentismainlyresponsibleforlaw-making.4.WhichofthefollowingisnotasectofBritishlegislature?A.TheKingorQueenB.ThePrimeMinisterC.TheHouseofLordsD.TheHouseofCommonsTestYourself5.WhichistrueabouttheBritishPrimeMinister?A.ThePrimeMinistermustbechosenintheGeneralElection.B.ThePrimeMinisterhastherighttodissolvetheparliament.C.ThePrimeMinstercantakeonthepositionformorethantwoterms.D.ThePrimeMinisterisnotnecessarilytheleaderofthewinningparty.TestYourself6.ComparedwithitsU.Scounterparts,whichofthefollowingcannotbedescribedasBritishcharacteristics?A.TheShadowCabinet.B.Separationofthethreepowers.C.TheHungParliament.D.EmpoweringfromtheCrown.1.Trailer&Moviebasics2.Culturelinks3.TestyourselfSectionBLincolnGenre:biography,drama,historyDirector:StevenSpielbergStarring:DanielDay-LewisRunningTime:150minsReleaseYear:2012Country:UnitedStatesMoviebasicsTrailQuestions1.DoesthemoviereviewthewholelifeofAbrahamLincoln?

No.ItonlycovershisfinalfourmonthsandfocusesonhiseffortstohavetheThirteenthAmendmentpassed.

2.Whatisthewarmentionedinthemovie?TheAmericanCivilWar1.AmericanCivilWar(1861-1865)2.PeopleoftheAmericanCivilWar3.AmericanPoliticalSystemsCulturelinksTheAmericanCivilWar(theWarBetweentheStates)wasawarfoughtintheUnitedStatesfrom1861to1865.ManyfactorscontributedtotheoutbreakoftheCivilWar,ofwhichthemostfundamentalandimmediatecausewasslavery.

AmericanCivilWar(1861-1865)abriefintroductiontheWartoEndSlaveryBecausetheAmericanCivilWarwasfoughtoverstates’rights.StatesintheSouthwantedstrongstategovernments.Theywantedindividualstatestohavetherighttodecidemajorissuesforthemselves.StatesintheNorthwantedastrongcentralgovernment.TheywantedCongresstodecidemajorissues.theconfrontationbetweentheUnionandConfederacy

CourseoftheWarTheBattleofFortSumter

(薩姆特要塞)

in1861startedtheAmericanCivilWar.TheBattleofGettysburg

in1863wastheturningpointofthewar.Fourandahalfmonthslater,Lincolndeliveredafamousspeech:GettysburgAddress.Thatthisnation,underGod,shallhaveanewbirthoffreedom--andthatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeople,forthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth.

這個(gè)國家在上帝的庇佑之下，得到新生的自由--要使那民有、民治、民享的政府永遠(yuǎn)不會從地球上消失.”In1865,GeneralRobertLeesurrenderedtoGeneralGrantoftheUnionarmyTheThirteenthAmendmenttotheUnitedStatesConstitution《第十三條修正案》PresidentLincolnissuedaproclamationin1863-theEmancipationProclamation.ThatproclamationstatedthatallslavesNOTunderUnioncontrolwerefreed!TheConfederateStatesofAmericaignoredtheEmancipationProclamation.

AmericanCivilWar(1861-1865)TheThirteenthAmendmenttotheUnitedStatesConstitutionTheThirteenthAmendmenttotheUnitedStatesConstitution《第十三條修正案》

InJanuaryof1865,whenitbecameapparentthattheNorthwouldwintheCivilWar,LincolnputanewproclamationinfrontoftheSenate.Thisproclamationabolishedslaveryandinvoluntaryservitude,exceptaspunishmentforacrime.AftermanyargumentsanddebatesintheSenateandinthehouse,itwasputintolaw,andaddedtotheU.S.Constitutionasthe13thAmendment.AmericanCivilWar(1861-1865)TheThirteenthAmendmenttotheUnitedStatesConstitutionLincolnledtheUnitedStatesthroughtheAmericanCivilWar—itsbloodiestwar.Indoingso,hepreservedtheUnion,abolishedslavery,strengthenedthefederalgovernment,andmodernizedtheeconomy.HeiswidelyregardedasoneofthegreatestpresidentsinUShistory.PeopleoftheAmericanCivilWar

AbrahamLincolnwasanAmericanstatesmanandlawyerwhoservedasthe16thPresidentoftheUnitedStatesfromMarch1861untilhisassassinationinApril1865.

ThaddeusStevenswasoneoftheleadersoftheRadicalRepublicanfactionoftheRepublicanParty(共和黨激進(jìn)派領(lǐng)袖)duringthe1860s.DuringtheAmericanCivilWar,hefocusedhisattentionondefeatingtheConfederacy,financingthewarwithnewtaxesandborrowing,crushingthepowerofslaveowners,endingslavery,andsecuringequalrightsfortheFreedmen.PeopleoftheAmericanCivilWarUlyssesS.Grantwasacareerarmyofficer.HeattendedWestPointMilitaryAcademy.In1864,PresidentLincolnputhiminchargeofalltheUnionarmies.ThreeConfederateArmiessurrenderedtohim,includingtheArmycommandedbyConfederateGeneralRobertE.Lee,effectivelyendingtheCivilWar.HewaselectedtotwotermsasPresidentoftheUnitedStates.AfterhelefttheWhiteHouse,hesignedacontractwithMarkTwaintopublishhismemoirs.PeopleoftheAmericanCivilWarHistoriansagreehewasamuchlesseffectivewarleaderthanhisUnioncounterpart,PresidentAbrahamLincoln.AfterDaviswascapturedin1865,hewasaccusedoftreasonandimprisonedinVirginia.Hewaswasreleasedaftertwoyears.PeopleoftheAmericanCivilWarJeffersonFinisDaviswasanAmericanpolitician,amemberoftheDemocraticParty,whoservedastheonlyPresidentoftheConfederateStatesfrom1861to1865.LeeandhisArmyfoughtbrilliantlythroughouttheCivilWar.Asthewardraggedon,theSouthwasexhaustedofsuppliesandenergy.In1865,ratherthanloseanymorelivesneedlessly,ConfederateGeneralRobertE.Leesurrenderedhis28,000troopstoUnionGeneralUlyssesS.Grant,effectivelyendingtheCivilWar.Othergeneralssurrenderoverthenextfewweeks.PeopleoftheAmericanCivilWarRobertEdwardLeewasacareerarmyofficer,bestknownasacommanderoftheConfederateStatesArmy.

AmericanPoliticalSystemstheGreatSealoftheUnitedStatesWhatistheAmericansystemofgovernment?(政體)1)UnitedStatesofAmericaisafederalconstitutionalrepubliccountry.(聯(lián)邦憲政共和制)2)ItisrunundertheguidelineofTheConstitution(憲法)oftheUnitedStates,whichwasdrawnupin1787andcameintoeffectin1789.3)ThemoststrikingcharacteristicsoftheConstitutionis“checksandbalances”(三權(quán)分立)AmericanConstitution

-drawnupin1787andcameintoeffectin1789-theoldestwrittenconstitutionintheworld-thesupremelawoftheUnitedStates.AmericanPoliticalSystemsPreamble:StatementofpurposeArticleOne:LegislativepowerArticleTwo:ExecutivepowerArticleThree:JudicialpowerArticleFour:States'powersandlimitsArticleFive:AmendmentsArticleSix:FederalpowerArticleSeven:RatificationAmendments:TheBillofRights(1–10),Subsequentamendments(11–27)AmericanPoliticalSystemsPreamble:WethepeopleoftheUnitedStates,inordertoformamoreperfectUnion,establishjustice,insuredomestictranquility,provideforthecommondefense,promotethegeneralwelfare,andsecuretheblessingsoflibertytoourselvesandourposterity,doordainandestablishthisConstitutionfortheUnitedStatesofAmerica.我們合眾國人民，為建立更完善的聯(lián)邦，樹立正義，保障國內(nèi)安寧，提供共同防務(wù)，促進(jìn)公共福利，并使我們自己和后代得享自由的幸福，特為美利堅(jiān)合眾國制定本憲法。AmericanPoliticalSystemsExecutiveBranchPresident：enormouspowersLegislativeBranchCongress國會JudicialBranchSupremeCourtAmericanPoliticalSystemstheSenate參議院theHouseofRepresentative眾議院BrettKavanaughChiefJusticeoftheUnitedStatesAmericanPoliticalSystemsPoliticalPartiesInAmerica,thetwomajorpartiesaretheDemocraticParty(民主黨)andtheRepublicParty(共和黨).

AmericanPoliticalSystemsDemocraticParty

RepublicParty____1.ThemovieLincolnreviewsthewholelifestoryofAbrahamLincoln.____2.AbrahamLincolnwasaDemocratPresidentwhowontheelectiontwice.____3.TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfor8years,duringwhichtheEmancipationProclamationwasissued.____4.LincolnwastheleaderoftheConfederate,andhedefeatedGeneralLeeandhisforces.____5.TheGettysburgBattlewastheturningpointoftheCivilWar.FFFFTTest

Yourself____6.LincolnknewthesignificanceoftheGettysburgBattle,sohedeliveredhisworld-famousaddresstoencouragehissoldierstokeepuphighmorale.____7.SlaveryisthedirectandsolecauseofAmericanCivilWar.____8.AbrahamLincolnispermanentlymissedbytheAmericanpeopleforhiscontributiontotheunificationofthenationandhissacrificetotheliberationofblackslaves.____9.U.S.presidentisboththeheadandthemostpowerfulpersoninthecountry.____10.ThepoweroftheAmericanpresidentissoenormousthatnoonecanactuallycheckhim.FFTTFTest

Yourself“BigThree”FilmFestivals--1VeniceFilmFestivalistheoldestfilmfestivalintheworld.

ThefestivalwasfoundedinVeniceinAugust1932;nowitisheldannuallyinlateAugustorearlySeptemberontheislandoftheLidointheVeniceLagoon.

ThemainawardsofVeniceFilmFestivalsincludeGoldenLion/SilverLion/GrandJuryPrize/BestActor/BestActress.Movie

kaleidoscope“BigThree”FilmFestivals---1

VeniceFilmFestivalistheoldestfilmfestivalintheworld.

ThefestivalwasfoundedinVeniceinAugust1932;nowitisheldannuallyinlateAugustorearlySeptemberontheislandoftheLidointheVeniceLagoon.

Movie

kaleidoscopeThemainawardsofVeniceFilmFestivalsincludeGoldenLion/SilverLion/GrandJuryPrize/BestActor/BestActress.ManyChinesedirectorswonGoldenBearMovie

kaleidoscopeHouXiaoxian悲情城市1989ZhangYimo秋菊打官司1992一個(gè)都不能少1999AngLee斷背山2005色戒2007JiaZhanke三峽好人2006“BigThree”FilmFestivals

---2CannesFilmFestival

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