第1頁共1頁以上僅為參考答案，簡答、論述題均只列及主要的解題知識點，請您結合自我理解和課本內容進行知識掌握和鞏固。如對答案等有疑義，請及時登錄學院網站“輔導論壇”欄目，與老師交流探討！《美國文學》作業參考答案I.MultipleChoice1.C2.A3.B4.A5.D6.C7.A8.C9.B10.D11.A12.C13.C14.D15.A16.B17.B18.D19.A20.C21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.B27.C28.A29.C30.A31.D32.B33.A34.B35.B36.D37.A38.C39.C40.D41.A42.A43.B44.B45.D46.C47.A48.B49.A50.D51.B52.A53.B54.C55.A56.CII.DefinetheliterarytermsbrieflyinEnglish1.AmericantranscendentalismwasaphilosophicaldissentfromUnitarianism.TranscendentalistsrejectedthematerialisticpsychologyinfavoroftheidealismofKantwhoassertedthatintuitioncouldsurpassreasonasaguidetothetruth.Totranscendentalists,spiritisinherentandpervadingandistheonlyrealityintheuniverseinwhichnaturestoodasasymbolofSpirit.Transcendentalismemphasizedthedivinityofman,thesignificanceandrightoftheindividual,andthepossibilityoftheself-perfectionoftheindividual.2.Romanticismischaracterizedbythepursuitoffreedom,emphasisofindividualism,arelianceuponthegoodofnatureand“natural”man,andanabidingfaithintheboundlessresourcesofthehumanspiritandimagination.3.ThePuritansweremembersofthechurchofEnglandwhoatfirstwishedtoreformor“Purifyitsdoctrines.TheykeptincommonwithalladvocatesofstrictChristianorthodox,insistingonman’soriginalsinanddepravity.4.Realismisaliteraryschool.TheAmericanrealistWilliamDeanHowellsreferedtothemethodofrealisticliterarycreationas“nothingmoreandnothinglessthanthetruthfultreatmentofmaterial.Therealiststendedtobehighlyselectiveintheirchoiceofmaterial,focusinguponwhatseemedrealtotheirlargelymiddle-classreaders.5.EnlightenmentinAmericawasaprogressive“intellectualmovementwhichcontributedtofreetheAmericansfromthelimitationofPuritanismwhichhadbeenprevailinginAmericansociety,andstimulatethemtostrivefortheestablishmentoftheirindependentanddemocraticnation.TheenlightenerswereconfidentintheproqressbyeducationandappealedtoReason.6．AmericantranscendentalismwasapoliticaldissentfromUnitarianism.Transcendentalistsrejectedthematerialisticpsychologyinfavouroftheidealismofkantwhoassertedthatintuitioncouldsurpassreasonasaguidetothetruth.Totranscendentalists,spiritisinherentandpervadingandistheonlyrealityintheuniverseinwhichnaturestoodasasymbolofSpirit.Transcendentalistsemphasizedthedivinityofman,thesignificanceandrightoftheindividual,andthepossibilityoftheself-perfectionoftheindividual.7.EnlightenmentinAmericawasaprogressiveintellectualmovementwhichcontributedtofreetheAmericansfromthelimitationsofPurtanismwhichhadbeenprevailinginAmericansociety,andstimulatethemtostrivefortheirindependentanddemocraticnation.Theenlightenerswereconfidentintheproqressofeducationandappealedtoreason.IIIExplainthefollowingquotationsinyourownwords.1.Thosewhohaveneversucceededbeforewillenjoythesweetnessosuccessmost.2.Inmylifeandliterarycreation,Ididnotfollowothers’footsteps(orfootprints).SometimesIchoseadifferentway.ThatwasthereasonwhyIwasuniqueanddifferentfromthembothinlifeandpoeticwriting.3.LetusriseupandtakeactionTomeetanychallengeinourlife.WeshouldlearntoworkandtobepatientAndpersevereinpursuingourgoalTillwereapthefruitofachievementoneafteranother.4.HealwaysdressedhimselfproperlyandelegantlyAndheshowedhiskindnessandconsideratenesswhentalkedwithothers.5.Don’ttellmeinsadvoicethatlifeisnothingbutanmeaninglessandemptydream.6.Onlywhenyoufeelthirstiestandbitterest,canyoureallyunderstandandenjoytheholysweetdrink.7.Hestirredthepulsesofthepersonshewasgreetingwith“Goodmorning”.Whilehewaswalking,hismannersappearedtobesobrilliantandattractivethathedrowmuchpublicattention.8.Wall,asabarrierforcommunicationormutualunderstanding,isnotgoodatall.Sometimes,itisnecessarytoremovethewall.Wall,asaboundaryorlimitationorborder,isneededsometimes,sothatgoodrelationscanbekeptamongdifferentstrataofpeople,ordifferentcountries.Wallisaparadox,whichisbothgoodandbadinhamanlife9.Thehoneysuckleqrowssoagreeablyandbeautifully.Howeverthebeautifulflowerhiditsbeautyinthequietandlonelyplace.10.Wehadbettertakeactioneveryday,notremainidleandinactivesothatwecanmakeprogresseachday.11.Ihavealotofobligationsanddutiestofulfill,sothereisstillalongwayformetogobeforeIcanrelaxorleavethisworld.ⅣAnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish1.Keypoints:①thesignificanceofAmericanliteratureintheworldliterature②themanifestationofAmericanlifeandculture③therequirementofimprovingEnglish2.Thethemeofthepoemismodernspiritualbarrenness,thedespairanddepressionthatfollowedthefirstworldwar,thesterilityandturbulenceofthemodernworld,andthedeclineandbreakdownofWesternculture.3.Theanswerdependsonindividualstudent’sinclination.4.Hisstyleofwritingischaracterizedbyshortandtersesentences,simpledictionfilledwithemotion,vividcolloquialisms,andparticularlythesimplicityofhislaconicstatements.5.Keypoints:①itsplaceintheworldliterature②themanifestationofAmericanlifeandculture③therequirementofprofessionalknowledgeandskillsasEnglishmajon.6.Theanswerisflexible.ItdependsonanindividualStudent’sinclination.7.TherealthemeinSisterCarrieisthepurposelessnessoflife.Whilelookingatindividualswithwarm,humansympathy,healsoseesthedisorderandcrueltyoflifeingeneral.8.ThecentralsubjectofHawthorne’smajorworkswasthehumansoul.Hisexplorationofthesoulresultedfromhisskepticalattitudetowardthesocialrealitythatwascharacterizedbyarapidchangeinalmostallaspectsofsociallife,andfromhisambitiontoprobeintothenatureofman.Theprimarysignificanceofhismajorworksdwellsintheinterectandtheconsistendvitalityofhiscriticismoflife.9.Theanswerisflexible,dependingonstudents’inclination,logicandlanguageskills.10.