Unit3Onlinetours

Grammar完成下列句子去年夏天，我爬黃山。前幾天，她買了一輛新自行車。我已經爬過黃山了。她已經買了一輛新自行車。I_______(climb)MountHuanglastsummer.She________(buy)anewbiketheotherday.I____________(climb)MountHuangalready.She___________(buy)anewbike.climbedboughthaveclimbedhasbought一般過去時Simplepasttense現在完成時Presentperfecttense動詞形式一般過去時Simplepasttense現在完成時PresentperfecttenseIclimbedMountHuanglastsummer.規則變化過去式

V原形+edSheboughtanewbiketheotherday.不規則變化過去式需特殊記buy--boughtam/is/are--________was/wereIhaveclimbedMountHuang.規則變化:have/has+V過去分詞

=V原形+edShehasboughtanewbikealready.不規則變化:have/has+V過去分詞需特殊記buy--boughtam/is/are--________been肯定句一般過去時Simplepasttense現在完成時PresentperfecttenseI studied.You studied.He,She,It studied.We studied.You studied.They studied.主語+動詞過去式I studied.You studied.He,She,It studied.We studied.You studied.They studied.havehavehashavehavehave主語+have/has+動詞過去分詞否定句一般過去時Simplepasttense現在完成時Presentperfecttense

主語+didnot

+動詞原形

didn’t主語+have/hasnot

+動詞過去分詞

haven’t/hasn’tI study.You study.He,She,It study.We study.You study.They study.didn’tdidn’tdidn’tdidn’tdidn’tdidn’tI studied.You studied.He,She,It studied.We studied.You studied.They studied.haven’thaven’thasn’thaven’thaven’thaven’t一般疑問句Istudy?you study?he,she,itstudy?westudy? youstudy?theystudy?

Did+主語+動詞原形？Istudied?youstudied?he,she,itstudied?westudied?youstudied?theystudied?HaveHaveHasHaveHaveHaveHave/Has+主語+動詞過去分詞？DidDidDidDidDidDid一般過去時Simplepasttense現在完成時Presentperfecttense特殊疑問句現在完成時PresentperfecttenseWhostudied?

Wh-+動詞過去式？

Whendidyoustudy?

Wh-+did+主語+動詞原形？Whohasstudied?Howlonghaveyoustudied?

Wh-+have/has

+

動詞過去分詞？

Wh-+have/has

+

主語

+動詞過去分詞？一般過去時Simplepasttense標志詞yesterday(morning/…)theotherdaylast…(night/year/week/...)段時間+agothedaybeforeyesterdayinthepastonthefirst/second/…dayjustnowoncein2003/fromthenononMarch1stalready/ever/never/just

中間yet/recently/before

句末

sofar/uptonow至今/到目前為止for+段時間since+…in/overthepast/lastfewyears/…overtheyearsthesedays,次數(manytimes,once)sincethen/eversince提問：When?提問：Howlong?一般過去時Simplepasttense現在完成時Presentperfecttense用法丹尼爾兩年前去了北京。丹尼爾已經在北京住了兩年了。Daniel______(go)toBeijingtwoyearsago.Daniel_________(live)inBeijingfortwoyears.haslivedwent1表示只在過去某一個時間發生的事情或狀態，并且做完了。pastnow去北京從現在看過去（兩個時間段），表示過去的動作或狀態持續到現在。pastnow住北京DanielstilllivesinBeijingnow.一般過去時Simplepasttense現在完成時Presentperfecttense用法丹尼爾上個月買了一個新電腦。丹尼爾已經買了一個新電腦。Daniel______(buy)anewcomputerlastmonth.Daniel____________(buy)anewcomputersincelastmonth.hasboughtbought2表示只在過去某一個時間發生的事情或狀態，并且做完了，強調過去何時發生。pastnow買電腦從現在看過去（兩個時間段），表示過去的動作對現在有影響。pastnow買電腦Danielhasacomputernow.一般過去時Simplepasttense現在完成時Presentperfecttense用法吳老師在2010年和2011年訪問加拿大。吳老師已經去過加拿大兩次。MrWu______(visit)Canadain2010and2011.MrWu____________(be)toCanadatwice.hasbeenvisited3表示只在過去某一個時間發生的事情或狀態，并且做完了，強調過去何時發生。pastnow訪問加拿大2010從現在看過去（兩個時間段），強調到目前為止某個動作發生過的次數，表示經歷。訪問加拿大2011pastnow去過加拿大去過加拿大一般過去時Simplepasttense現在完成時Presentperfecttense一般過去時現在完成時動詞結構用法標志詞對時間狀語提問did/was/were動詞的過去式have/hasdone動詞的過去分詞過去一個時間段的做完的動作或狀態，強調過去何時發生從現在看過去（兩個時間段）有影響/持續/經歷yesterday/thedaybeforeyesterday/lastweek/twodaysago/justnow/once/theotherday/in2003/inthepast/…for…/since…/already/yet/ever/recently/fromthenon/overtheyears/inthepast30years/…When?Howlong?一般過去時與現在完成時的區別▲短動詞也有現在完成時，沒有for/since/Howlong...以及否定句中

不需要短變長。Youcan’tfindTomhere.He_______already_______(leave).

Tip1hasleftHe______________(notbuy)anewcarsince2007.hasn’tbought▲純粹的過去用一般過去時---Hi,Jill.Haveyougraduatedfromcollege?---Yes.I____________(study)inNanjingUniversityfor4years.IcanstillspeaksomeFrenchnowbecauseI___________(teach)ChineseinFrancefor3years.Tip2studiedtaught

Tip3根據語境判斷時態,追問：一過

---Excuseme,youcan’tparkyourcarhere.---Sorry.I________thesign.A.didn’tseeB.haven’tseen---______you______ShanghaiScienceandTechnologyMuseum?---Yes,Ihave.---When______you______it(visit)?---Lastwinterholiday.AHavevisiteddidvisit前幾天，過去的某一天visitedsawHavetriedhavelearnthavejustfinishedfinishedwrotehasalreadywrittenwashaven’tbeenhavelivedlivedHaveyoueverbeenhavebeen=forthelasttimedidyougospentDidyoulikehadvisitedatehaveneverbeencn.護照showedhaveseenboughthavereadhasreturnedhavebeen（）1.Hehas_______beentoGuangzhou,hashe?

Ａ.already B.ever Ｃ.never Ｄ.still()2.Allthestudentslooksad.Maybethey______what'shappenedtohim.A.haveknownB.knew C.mustknowD.willknow()3.Hisfather______thePartysince1988.

A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin()4.______hasMrWhitebeena