考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷374

一、閱讀（補全短文）（本題共20題，每題7.0分，共

20分。）

Youaregoingtoreadatextaboutthetipsonwork-lifebalance,followedbyalistof

evidences.ChoosethebestevidencefromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedsubhcading（l-

5）.Therearetwoextraexampleswhichyoudonotneedtouse.LisaMcGonaglehasa

husband,threekidsandapublicrelationsbusinessinBoston.Herhecticlifespeaks

volumesaboutwhattimemanagementmeanstoher.Assheputsit:"I'mrunningallthe

time."Thesamemayapplytoyou.Andthatmakestimemanagementcentraltothe

healthandgrowthofyourlife,professionandbusiness.Truthshouldbeknown:Not

everyonehasagenuinehandleontheeffectiveuseoftime.Soyou'renotalone.Hereare

somesuggestionsthatmayhelpyougettimeonyourside:[Cl]Don'toverbook.This

mayseemunusualtopeoplewhotrytocrowbarasmuchaspossibleintoeveryworkday.

Theproblemis:Thingsrarelygoaccordingtoaprearrangedagenda.Thatmeansalotof

timefallingthroughthecrackschasingdownappointments,unreturnedphonecallsand

otheritemsthatsimplyaren'tgoingtohappen.[C2]Prioritizeruthlessly.Thesecretto

bookingyourtimeeffectivelyboilsdowntoknowingwhat*simportantandwhatcan

wait.Butit'scriticaltousethesharpestknifepossibleintrimmingtheessentialfromthe

secondary.[C3]Learnhowtosayno.Oneofthebiggestlandminestoeffectivetime

managementisrecognizingyoudon'thavetoagreetoeverythingandwitheveryone.Use

yourprioritycriteriatoidentifyrequeststhatsimplyaren'tworthyourlime.[C4]

Organize.Bringingyourtimeintolineisn'tjustamatterofscheduling.Themechanicsof

howyouoperatecanbeeverybitasimportant.Thatmeansorganizingmostevery

elementtoallowassmoothaworkflowaspossible.[C5]Usetechnology.Although

personalhabitsandpracticescandowondersfortimemanagement,don'toverlook

technologyasyetanotherweapontomakethemosteffectiveuseofyourworkday.

[A]"Don'ttrytoplanondoingtoomanythings,"saysMcGonagle."Assumethatonly

50%ofthethingsyouplanondoingtodaywillactuallygetdone.Ifyoudon't,you'lljust

wastevaluabletimetryingtofindoutwhythingsdidn'lhappen."|B|"Begratefulfor

whatgoesrightandlearnfromyourmistakes,nsaysKurth."Actasiftheywerescenesin

amoviethatyougettoretake."[C]Forinstance,MicrosoftBusinessContactManager

letsyouorganizeawidearrayofcustomerandproductparticulars,allowingquickand

easyaccess,"Stickynotesarconeoftheworstthingsintheworld,"saysMcGonagle.

"Youshouldhvebyyourdatabase.Ihatway,nothingiseverforgotten."LDJ'Tve

learnedthatsayingnotoonethingopensthedoortosayingyestosomethingelse,"says

Kurth."Thatcanmeananythingfromcleaningmydesktogettingagoodnight'ssleep.H

[E]Partofeffectivetimemanagementisknowingwhentoshutthingsdown.Turningoff

acellphoneorotherwirelessmeansofcommunicationestablishesboundaries.Inshort,it

helpsyoubalanceyourpersonalandprofessionaltime.[F]"Learntoaskquestionsthat

helpyoudeterminethelevelofurgency,"saysKristaKurth,co-authorof"Runningon

PlentyatWork"."Negotiatelongerleadtimeswheneveryoucananddon'tgiveintothe

'instant-and-immediateanswer'syndrome.Treatingeverythingastoppriorityisdraining

anddepleting."|G]"Everythinginyourbusinessshouldbesetupusinglogicalsystems

soanyoneneedinganythingcanfinditwhentheyneedit,"saysPeggyDuncan,an

Atlanta-basedpersonalproductivityauthority."Eliminatingclutterandthechaositcauses

willgiveyouagiftof240to288hourseveryyear."

1、[Cl]

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本段的主旨是計劃好的事情會因為各種情況而無法完成，因此人們應

該量力而行，根據自己的時間來制定計劃。通讀各個選項，選項A,McGonagle的

話的意思是不要安排太多計劃，否則就會浪費更多的時間來思考沒完成事情的原

因，是從反面論述了根據時間制定計劃的重要性。故A為最佳選項。

2、[C2]

標準答案：F

知識點解析：本段的主要內容是介紹有效利用時間的秘訣：按照事情的重要程度進

行安排，學會分清主次。本題的關鍵詞是“重要性”，選項F的意思是提問有助于判

斷事情的重要程度，如果把每件事都作為最重要的任務來完成就會讓人身心疲憊。

與前文的“重要性”相呼應，故為最佳選項。

3、[C3]

標準答案：D

知識點解析：本段的主旨是要根據重要程度對需要做的事情進行安排，對無關緊要

的事情學會說“不本題的關鍵詞是“拒絕選項D則指出拒絕一方就等于同意另

一方，在面對不同的選擇時要學會拒絕。與前文相呼應，故為正確選項。

4、[C4]

標準答案：G

知識點解析：本段的主旨是統籌規劃，即安排事情不僅要進行時間安排，而且還要

進行統籌規劃，使每件事情銜接得當。選項G的大意是如果能合理安排一切事

務，就可以最大限度地利用時間，節約時間，取得良好的工作效果。即統籌安排好

工作，才能減少由于安排不當而浪費的時間。與段落主旨相符，故為正確選項。

5、[C5]

標準答案：c

知識點露析：本段主要闡述了科學技術在提高工作效率上的作用。關鍵詞為“科學

技術l選項C則通過微軟的例子指出運用數據庫技術可以防止遺忘，有效提高工

作效率，與段落內容相符，為正確選項。

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions1-5,youarerequired

toreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofill

ineachnumberedbox.Thefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouin

Boxes.[A]Forthosecoupleswhohavechildren,buildingafamilyand"being"afamily

requirescommunicatingwell.Otherwise,theyarejustagroupofpeoplesharingthesame

residence.Manylegallydefinedfamiliesdonotorcannotcommunicate,andendup

dysfunctional.Isitanywonder?Nogroupcanfunctioneffectivelyasaunitwithoutits

memberscommunicatingwitheachother.|B|OvertenmillionsAmericansareaddicted

toalcohol.Mostofthemliveinaconstantstateofsevereemotionaldistress.Mostof

themareinvolvedinasteadyuphillbattletomaintaintheirfamilies,friendsandjobs.

Mostofthemaredestroyingtheirmindsandbodies.Mostofthemhavechildren.

[C]However,functionalfamiliesnowseemtobetheexceptionratherthantherule.

Divorce,drugs,violenceorapathytearstoomanyfamiliesapart.Infact,somesources

suggestthatnearlyeveryfamilyhasatleastonedysfunction"inthecloset".The

unavoidabletruth,however,isthatwhenfamiliesbreakup,individualsareoftenforced

tocopewiththecomplexitiesoflifeontheirown,quicklydiscoveringhowdifficult

successisinlifewithoutthestablefoundationofafamily.[D]Despiteallitspowerand

strength,thefamilyunitremainsoneofthemostvulnerablehumanconnections.In

America,whereover50%ofmarriageswithchildrenendindivorce,wherethreatsto

humansafetysuchasdrugsandgangsseemtobeeverywhere,thefamilyisstrugglingto

functionasarefuge.Itisquiteliterallyunderattackbyasocietythatseemstotempt

membersofthefamilytogodownotherpaths."Familyvalues"isnotjustanotherslogan.

ItisprobablythemajorconcernofAmericansociety.[E]Theideaisnotnew,butit

deservesrepeating:"Familiesarethebuildingblocksofsociety."Itwouldthereforecome

asnosurprisewhenpolitical,civicandreligiousleadersadamantlypromote"family

values."Theyknowthatfamilieswhosticktogetherandfunctionasaunitformthe

foundationofthelargercommunity.Theyalsorealizethatproductivemembersofsociety

tendtocomefromstrong,intact,"functional"families.Moreover,wcallknowthe

importantrolefamilyplaysinbuildingstrength,confidenceandstabilityineachofits

members.|F|Improvingcommunicationswithinthefamilyisthebestwaytoturnaround

problems.Buildingfamilycommunicationsistheclassic"win/winMsituation:every

memberofthefamilyismoresecurewithoneanotherandreadytodealwiththeworld

outside.Inaddition,societyitselfimproveswithmorefamilyunitsachievingstability.

[G]Perhapsthegreatestproblemleadingtofamilydysfunctionandmaritalbreak-up

involvescommunicatinghonestly,openlyandlovinglybeforehavingchildren.The

couplegetstoknowoneanotherbetterandestablishesamature,trustingrelationshipthat

willimproveafterchildrenareborn.However,thisisararecase.Mostoften,partners

withholdvitalinformalion(failtorevealfeelingsaboutcertainissuesormatters,for

example)andarevirtualstrangerstoeachother.Ofcourse,thisisamostunpromising

starttocommunicationwithinthefamily.Commonknowledgearguesthatcouples

shouldneverstaytogether"forthesakeofthechildren",butacommunicationally

dysfunctionalcoupleshouldnotevenconsiderhavingchildren!Order:

Id^15.Il-M

6、

標準答案：c

知識點解析：本題應從上文獲取線索。上文指出家庭在社會建設中的基礎作用，并

且健康、完整、功能良好的家庭有助于人的成功。通讀選項，選項C的“然而”與

前文形成轉折關系，并且“如今維系得很好的家庭似乎是例外而不是慣常現象”是在

承接上文的基礎上的轉折句，為引出下文作鋪墊。故C選項為最佳選項。

7、

標準答案：G

知識點解析：本文可以從上文獲取信息、。上文指出不健康的家庭給人的成長帶來的

負面影響，要想成功，更是難上加難。因此接下來的內容應分析導致家庭基礎不穩

定的原因是什么。選項G則分析了造成家庭不和以及婚姻破裂的關鍵問題，與上

文相銜接，為最佳順序選項。

8、

標準答案：A

知識點解析：前文指出如果夫妻雙方不應為了孩子而勉強生活在一起，而無法溝通

的家庭更不應該考慮生孩子。選項A則指出有孩子的家庭應該如何處理家庭關

系，與前文形成對比，是最好的銜接選項。

9、

標準答案：D

知識點解析?：木段介紹了美國當前的家庭狀況，并指出家庭本應是人們的避難所，

但是社會卻給家庭帶來了諸如毒品、黑幫等威脅，使得家庭岌岌可危。家庭已經成

為美國社會廣泛關注的問題，選項F則介紹了改善家庭關系的方法，依據邏輯順

序，應先分析問題，然后給出解決方法，故D選項在F選項之前“

10、

標準答案：F

知識點解析：選項F介紹了改善家庭關系的最好方法是有效溝通，以及家庭溝通

的優點。與前文相銜接，是針對問題給出的對策。故為最佳選項。

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions1-5,youarerequired

toreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofill

ineachnumberedbox.Thefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouin

Boxes.[A]Theproblemsfacedbymissingandrunawaychildrenandtheirfamilieshave

receivednationalattention,resultinginanetworkofprogramsandservices.Policeoffer

theprimaryserviceintherecoveryofchildren.Parentsorotherfamilymembersshould

reportallchildrenbelievedmissingorrunawayimmediatelytopolice.Swiftactionis

importanttoachild'ssafetyandrecovery.[B]Runawaysusuallyleavehomevoluntarily

andtendtobeteenagers.Therearemanyreasonswhychildrenrunawayfromhome.

Mostrunawaysfeelmisunderstood,unlovedorangrywiththeirparents.Theyfindlifeat

homeunbearableandbelievethatlivingelsewherewillbebetter.Somerunaways

actuallyare"thrownout"oftheirhomes.Parentsofthese"throwaway"childrenoftendo

notwantthefinancialburdenofchildrearingorcannothandledifficultadolescent

behaviors.[C]Familiesofmissingandrunawaychildrenfacemanyproblems.Parentsof

missingchildrenfeelguiltyorresponsiblefortheirchild'sabduction.Theyalsocan

sufferfromfearandanxietyaboutwhatmayhappentotheirmissingchild.Parentsof

runawaychildrenalsomayexperiencethesameorsimilarconcerns.Notknowingthe

whereaboutsorconditionofachildcancreatestressforallfamilymembers.

[D]Preventionisthebeststrategyforkeepingchildrenfromtheranksofthemissingand

runaway.Understandingwhattodotorecovermissingandrunawaychildrenalsois

essential.[E]Othcrprogramsandservicesalsoarcavailable.Manybusinessesand

organizationsdisplaypicturesofmissingchildren.HHotlines'*provideameansfor

runawaychildrentocommunicatewiththeirfamilies.MSafehouses"andsheltersare

availabletorunaways.Severalprogramsprovidefreeridestorunawayswhowishto

returnhome.Thegrowingnationalconcernaboutmissingandrunawaychildrenmirrors

theseriousnessoftheproblem.Unfortunately,however,thenumberofmissingand

runawaychildrencontinuestorise.[F]BetweentwoandthreemillionAmericanchildren

aremissingorrunawayeachyear.Aroundthree-quartersofamillionareclassified

"missingchildren"andabouttwomillionarc"runaways'1.Theprecisenumberof

Americanchildreninthesetwocategoriesisunknown.Somemissingchildrenturnoutto

berunawaysandsomerunawaysaremissingchildren.Parentsdonotalwaysreport(heir

runawaychildren.[G]Missingchildrenarelostorvictimsofabduction.Theytendtobe

youngerthanrunaways,usuallyunder14yearsofage.Strangerskidnaplessthan20%of

thesechildren.Familymembers,mostoftenthenon-custodialparent,abductthemajority

ofmissingchildren.Separatedordivorcedparentswhodonothavelegalcustodymay

"steal"theirownchildren.Childrenwhoarethevictimsofabduction,eitherbystrangers

orbyfamilymembers,arelikelytosufferemotionaldamagebecauseoftheexperience.

Order:LZJH,1：I,J,1I,ITIII斗II

11、

標準答案：G

知識點解析：本題可以從上文獲得信息。前文概括了在美國孩子失蹤和離家出走的

基本情況。概括的順序是先介紹孩子失蹤的情況，后介紹離家出走的情況。因此，

在下文的選擇中，將描述孩子失蹤的情況放在離家出走的情況之前。選項G概述

了失蹤的孩子基本年齡溝成以及由于他們的失蹤給家庭帶來的影響，故為正確選

項。

12、

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本題可從前文獲得選項，承接上文。上文概括了孩子失蹤情況的基本

概述，故本段應選擇孩子離家出走情況的基本概述。選項B則概括了孩子離家出

走的年齡構成及主要原因，因此為正確選項。

13、

標準答案：C

知識點角5析：本題可從邏輯思路角度獲取信息。前文介紹了孩子失蹤或離家出走的

基本情況，從邏輯思路分析，在介紹了基本情況之后，應該對這種情況給這些孩子

的家庭帶來的負面影響進行分析。選項C就介紹了孩子失蹤或離家出走后他們的

家庭所面臨的問題，即池們的失蹤或離家出走給家庭帶來的不良影響，故為正確的

順序選項。

14、

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本題可以從邏輯思路角度進行排序。上文介紹了孩子失蹤或離家出走

給家庭帶來的影響，接下來則應針對這些不良影響尋找解決問題的方法。選項A

介紹了失蹤和離家出走的孩子及其給家庭帶來的影響引發了社會的普遍關注，并介

紹了專門針對這種情況制定的主要計劃和服務，故選項A應放在此處。

15、

標準答案：E

知識點角》析：本選項介紹了其他為找到失蹤和離家出走的孩子的計劃和方法，與上

文提到的主要方式相銜諼，故為最佳順序。

Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutsometipsforgettingwork/lifein

balance.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumbered

paragraph(l-5).Therearctwoextraheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.[A]Lcarnto

BetterManageYourTime[B]FindaNewJob[C]SharetheLoad[DJSetPriorities

|E]NegotiateaChangewithYourCurrentEmployer|F|Don'tSweattheSmallStuff

[G]SlowDownHerearesomelipstohelpyouachieveabetterbalanceinyourlife.Take

amomenttoreadandreflectonthesetips-andthengetyourlifeinbalance![Cl]

Progressiveemployersrecognizethevalueofgoodemployees,andmanyare

willingtofindwaystohelpcurrentemployeesdealwithshort-termorpermanent

changescausedbyfamilysituations.Thechangescanincludeflextime,jobsharing,

telecommuting,orpart-timeemployment.Yourfirststepistoresearchyouremployer's

policiesandmethodsofhandlingpreviousrequests.Thengotoyourbossarmedwith

informationandaplanthatshowshowyouwillbeanevenmorevaluableandproductive

employeeifyoucanmodifyyourcurrentworksituation.FindaNewCareer.Some

careersaresimplymorestressfulandtime-consumingthanothers.Ifyouneedmoretime

foryourselforyourfamily,nowmaybethetimetoexplorecareersthatarelessstressful

andmoreflexible.[C2]Ratherthanacareerchange,perhapsyousimplyneed

totakealessstressfuljobwithinyourchosencareer.Thischangemayinvolveworking

withyourcurrentemployertoidentifyanewposition,itmayinvolveafulljob-search,or

itmayinvolvetempingorbecomingaconsultantorstartingafreelancingorotherhome-

basedbusiness.[C3]Lifeissimplytooshort,sodon*tletthingspassyouina

blur.Takestepstostopandenjoythethingsandpeoplearoundyou.Schedulemoretime

betweenmeetings;don'tmakeplansforeveryeveningorweekend,andfindsomeways

todistanceyourselffromthethingsthatarecausingyouthemoststress.[C4]

Eventhoughwemaysometimesfeelwe'retheonlyonescapableofdoingsomething,it's

usuallynotthecase.Getyourpartnerorotherfamilymemberstohelpyouwithallyour

pcrsonal/familyresponsibilities.Takingcareofthehousehold,children,orparentsshould

notbetheresponsibilityofjustoneperson.[C5]Ifssimplersaidthandone,

butlearntoletthingsgoonceinawhile.Sowhatifthedishesdon'tgetwashedeveryday

orthatthehousedoesn'tgetvacu