LargeChilledWaterSystemsDesignSeminar

大型空冷凍水系統設計Bell&GossettITTIndustriesSectionI.Introduction第一章.簡介HVACTrends

空調系統趨勢Cheapenergygetsmoreexpensive廉價的能源變得愈來愈貴Searchforenergyefficiency尋找更有效率的設備MajorHVACenergyusers:空調系統中,最耗電的局部Fans風扇Chillers冷凍機CoolingTowers冷卻塔Pumps水泵EquipmentChanges

設備的改變Fans風扇VariableSpeedDrives變頻器Chillers冷凍機LowerkW/ton更少kW/tonVariableSpeedDrives變頻器CoolingTowers冷卻塔VariableSpeedDrives變頻器Pumps水泵VariableSpeedDrives變頻器OldHVACSystemDesign

早期的空調系統設計Multiplebuildingoperation多棟建築物的操作Standalonechillers獨立的冷凍機Poorefficiencies效率差Partloadconditions局部負載ModernHVACSystems

現代的空調系統CampusSystemExample例子40buildingswithindividual150tonchillers,0.8kW/tonfullload,1.2kW/tonpartload,three-wayvalvesystem40棟大樓各有一臺150噸的冷凍機,滿載時效率0.8kW/ton,部份負載時效率1.2kW/ton,三通閥系統40bldgsx100ton/bldgx1.2kW/ton =4800kWhCampusSystemExample例子40buildingswiththree2000tonchillers,0.52kW/tonfullload,0.7kW/tonpartload,two-wayvalvesystem40棟大樓各有三臺2000噸的冷凍機,滿載時效率0.52kW/ton,部份負載時效率0.7kW/ton,二通閥系統40bldgsx100ton/bldgx0.52kW/ton =2080kWhCampusSystemExample例子Savingswillnotberealizedwithoutvariablevolumepumping. 假設系統沒有修改成變流量系統的話，這些節能效果也就很難達成Thefinaldesignistheengineer’schoice: 最後的設計是工程師的選擇:availableoptions可能的選舉designtoolsavailable可能的設備judgmentinmakingcompromises決定折衷的方法considerthewholepicture考慮計劃的規模CampusSystemExample例子Consistof包括:ASourceSystem.製造系統ALoadSystem.負載系統AnAirManagement/ExpansionSystem空氣處理系統APumpSystem.水泵系統ADistributionSystem送水系統HydronicSystems

水路系統CHILLERCHILLERReturn回水Supply給水Primary-Secondary共有管路CommonCHILLERLoadSystem負載系統

SourceSystem製造系統PrimaryPumps一次側水泵DistributionSystem送水系統SecondaryPumps二次側水泵ExpansionSystem空氣處理系統TypicalChilledWaterSystem冷凍機系統SystemClassifications

系統分類Supply給水Terminal終端負載BalanceandServiceValve平衡閥2-WayControlValve二通控制閥Return回水ServiceValve維修閥Air空氣LoadSystem負載系統SourceSystem

冷凍水製造系統熱熱熱排熱主機負載送水管路空氣處理AirManagement空氣管理SystemVent系統管路Rolairtrol氣水分離器FromSystem由系統Vent管路ThermalLoopLockShieldValvePNPCToSystem至系統AirChargeAirChargeSystemFluid系統流體SystemFluid系統流體LowTemperatureCondition低溫的情況HighTemperatureCondition高溫的情況System系統System系統EffectofTemperatureChange

溫度轉變的影響SystemConnection系統接合處SystemConnection系統接合處AirCharge充氣口SystemConnection系統接合處AirCharge充氣口ServiceValve維修閥Pump水泵TripleDutyValve三功能閥SuctionDiffuser彎頭過濾器TMPumpSystem

水泵系統Singlesuctionbasemountedandin-line

端吸泵及管道泵Doublesuctionverticalandhorizontalsplitcase水平分殼泵TypesofPumps

水泵種類PumpConfigurations

水泵裝置CHILLERCHILLERReturn回水Supply給水Primary-Secondary共有管路CommonCHILLERLoadSystem負載系統

SourceSystem製造系統PrimaryPumps一次側水泵DistributionSystem送水系統SecondaryPumps二次側水泵ExpansionSystem空氣處理系統DistributionSystem送水系統Directreturnpiping直接回水管路系統Reversereturnpiping逆回水管路系統

Zonepiping區域管路系統

PipingSystems配管方法Constantvolumepumping 定流量送水管路

Directpumping 直接送水管路

Prim