廣東省惠州市實驗中學、河源高級中學等校高二下學期4月聯考英語試題一、閱讀理解（本大題共5小題）Top3BestMuseumsintheWorldWhetheryouareafineartorhistorylover,thefollowingthreemuseumsaresuretotakeyourbreathaway.LeLouvre,Paris,FranceAvisittotheLouvreanditscollectionsletsvisitorsdiscoverWesternartfromtheMiddleAgesto1848aswellasalargenumberofancientcivilizations.Thegrandpalacethathousesthemuseum.whichdatesbacktothelatetwelfthcentury,isatruelessoninarchitecture:from1200to2011,themostinnovativearchitectshaveinturnbuiltanddevelopedtheLouvre.●Officialwebsite:Louvre●Highlight:LeonardodaVinci`s“MonaLisa.”TheBritishMuseum,London,UKTheBritishMuseuminLondonwasfoundedin1753andopeneditsdoorssixyearslater.Itwasthefirstnationalmuseumtocoverallfieldsofhumanknowledge,opentovisitorsfromacrosstheworld.Noothermuseumisresponsibleforcollectionsofthesamedepthandbreadth,beautyandsignificance.●Officialwebsite:BritishMuseum●Highlight:theRosettaStone.TheStateHermitageMuseum,StPetersburg,RussiaThesecond-largestartmuseumintheworld,theStateHermitageMuseumwasfoundedin1764(200yearslaterthanTheUffiziGalleries,Florence,Italy),whenEmpressCatherinetheGreatacquiredanimpressivecollectionofworksfromtheBerlinmerchantJohannErnstGotzkowsky.Today,thecollectionofartworkscontainspaintings,sculpturesandsoon.●Officialwebsite:StateHermitageMuseum●Highlight:GoldenmasterpiecesfromEurasia.1．WhenwastheBritishMuseum,London,UKopenedtothepublic?A．1564. B．1753. C．1759. D．1848.2．WhatdotheTop3bestmuseumshaveincommon?A．TheyhaveexhibitsfromtheMiddleAges. B．Theyfeatureexhibitsfromancienttimes.C．Theyhaveexhibitsconcernedwithkings. D．Theyhavebothfineartandhistoryexhibits.3．Whichisthelargestartmuseumbutoneintheworld?A．LeLouvre,Paris,France. B．TheStateHermitageMuseum,Russia.C．TheBritishMuseum,London,UK. D．TheUffiziGalleries,Florence,Italy.Backin1958,IwascrazyabouttheNorfolkandWestern746.Thesmoothbullet-noseenginewithitsorangeandyellowlinesandshinystreamlinedblacktender(車廂)seemedtohavecastaspellonme.Togethertheengineandtendermeasuredalittleshyof2feet—enormousbythetoytrainstandardsoftheday.Evenbetter,the746hadaworkingheadlightandsmoker,anditstendersanghigh.Unfortunately,theamazing746alsohadanamazingprice—$50,equaltoabout$450today.Thatwasfarmorethanmygrandfathercouldafford.Instead,IhadtobecontentwithhislittleLionelplastic,whichwasSIXINCHESshorterthanthe746andhadnoheadlight,nosmokerornosound!Butthatwasthebestthatmygrandfathercouldgivemeatthattime.Yearspassed,andIwasinmy30s.Superiorsoundsystemsandcomputercontrolsdominatedtoytrains.Inevergavealook.Myinterestintoytrains,Ifirmlybelieved,hadfaded,sodidmyadmirationforthe746,sincemygrandfatherwasnotwithme.The746wasnevercalledtomind.Onanordinaryday,however,Ihappenedtoseethe746outsidethewindowofatrainshow.Justone-look,Icouldnotlookaway.ChildhoodmemoriesthatItriedtohideinthedepthsofmyheartracedthroughmymind,happyorsad.ThatdayItookthe746homeandplaceditinthecenteroftheroom,andletmychildhooddreamsingitswayaroundme.Smokeroseoutfromtheengineandthesoftsongsoundedfromitstender.ItseemedasifIcouldseethesoftlightingrandfather'seyesandhearhischeerfullaughter.4．Whichbestdescribesthe746intheauthor’seyes?A．Itsbeautyhadaspecialappeal. B．Itwasthelargesttrainin1958.C．Itspricerocketedfrom$50to$450. D．Itsmeasurementwasatadisadvantage.5．HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenreceivinghislittleLionelplastic?A．Visiblyrelieved. B．Terriblyashamed.C．Reallydelighted. D．Slightlydiscontented.6．Whathappenedtotheauthorinhis30s?A．Helefthisgrandfatheralone. B．Hedidn’tfavorthe746atall.C．Headmiredadvancedtoytrains. D．Heattemptednottorecallthepast.7．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ToyTrains:ChildhoodinHistory B．The746:ChildhoodMemoriesofLoveC．ToyTrains:MemoriesofAGeneration D．The746:APerfectGiftfromMyGrandfatherMathsanxietyisolderthanyoumightthink.Ahundredyearsago,GermanphysicistFelixAuerbach,concernedaboutthesituationandhopingtofindwaystodealwithit,wrotealittlebookcalledTheFearofMathematicsandHowtoOvercomeIt.Foramathematicianlikemyself,thepleasureofreadinghisbookisfollowedbyasighofregretthatthetopicisasimportanttodayasitwasacenturyago.Whydowefearmathematics?Atheart,saysAuerbach,itcomesdowntoabasicmisunderstandingofwhatmathsis.Thefearofmessingupacalculation(計算)maybereal,butthefactthattherearemanyexcellentmathematicianswhoareterribleatcalculationprovesthatmathsskillsandmathematicsaren’tthesamething.What,then,ismathematics?Auerbachsaysitisthreethings:ascience,alanguageandanart.Forme,partoftheproblemisthatweareoftenstuckinthe“science”box.Ifwecanbeshownthebeautyofmathematics,wemightstopfearingthecalculationssupportingit.Asalanguage,whatsetsmathsapartistheuniversality(普遍性)ofitstruths—youcanbecomefluentwhereveryouarefrom.Asanart,thebeautyofmathsliesinthewonderfulthinkingthatallowsustounderstandtheendless,explorethebeautifulpatternsofartandnature,anddelightintheperfectionofideas.Focusingentirelyoncalculationskillsmissesthejoyandexcitementthatcancomefromdiscoveringpatternsandunderstandingthem,fromseeingtheartisticbeautyofmathematics.Someexpertsliketopointoutthatweexperienceanxietythesamewayweexperienceexcitement.Inthesameway,fearcanbenegativeorpositive.Ourgoalshouldbetomovepeoplefromanarrowviewofmathematicsasmerecalculationstoanappreciationofitasabeautifullanguageandartthatinspiresamazement.8．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthebookbyAuerbachaccordingtoparagraph1?A．Itoverstatesthefearofmaths.B．Itaddressesacommonproblem.C．Itistoooldtobeimportanttoday.D．Itispopularamongmathematicians.9．Whatisthereasonbehindpeople’sfearofmathematics?A．Inabilitytodocalculations.B．Lackofsupportfromteachers.C．Failuretounderstanditsnature.D．Difficultyofthemathlanguage.10．Inwhatwaycanweregardmathematicsasanart?A．Throughfocusingontechnicalskills.B．Throughcreatingartworkswithdelight.C．Throughexploringapplicationsinscience.D．Throughappreciatingitsbeautyinpatterns.11．Whatdoesthepassagesuggestwedoregardinglearningmaths?A．Expressourfear. B．Seekexperts’help.C．Changeouropinion. D．Learnanewlanguage.Youleanbackfromthedinnertable,feelinglikeyouphysicallycouldn’tfitanotherbite.Butthensomeoneofferspieandyoujustcan’tsayno.Scientistshavenowidentifiedtheneurons(神經元)behindthe“dessertstomach”phenomenon.Intheirstudy,scientistsattheMaxPlanckInstituteforMetabolismResearchfoundthatmicekepteatingsugarevenwhentheyshouldhavefeltfull.Investigationsoftheirbrainsshowedthatagroupofnervecells,knownasthepro-opiomelanocortin(POMC)neurons,becameactive.Theseneuronsreleaseachemicalcalledβ-endorphin,whichactslikeanaturalrewardandmakesthemicefeelgood.Asaresult,theykeepeatingsugardespitefeelingfull.Interestingly,thiseffectonlyhappenswithsugar,notwithothertypesoffoodlikenormalmealsorfattysnacks.Inafollow-upexperimentwithhumans,researchersgavevolunteersasugardrinkandfoundthatthesamethinghappensinthebrainaswithmice.Thissuggeststhatthe“dessertstomach”isarealthingforbothmiceandhumans.Whydoesthishappen?AccordingtoHenningFenselau,ascientistwholedthestudy,thismakessensefromanevolutionaryperspective.Sugarisrareinnaturebutprovidesquickenergy.Ourbrainsareprogrammedtomakeuswanttoeatsugarwheneverwefindit.Thismighthavebeenhelpfulinthepastbecauseoffoodshortage,buttodayitcanleadtoovereatingandhealthproblems.Thefindingscouldshedlightontreatingobesitybyprovidingathoroughunderstandingoftheurgeforsugar,andcouldevenleadtopotentialmedicalsolutions.Developingdrugstoblockthebrain’srewardsystemforsugarmighthelppeoplecontroltheircravings(渴望).Yet,itistoosoontosaythatthefullpicturehasbeendrawn.Otherstudieshavefoundthatsignalsfromyourdigestivesystemcouldinfluencewhytherealwaysseemstoberoomforadessert.12．Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthepassage?A．Bydescribinganeatingbehaviour. B．Byintroducingascientificstudy.C．Bydefiningacertainterm. D．Bycomparingdifferenteatinghabits.13．WhatisthemainfunctionofPOMCneuronsinthemice’sbrains?A．Tellingthebodiesthemicehaveeatenenough. B．Managingthedesireforfattyandsaltyfoods.C．Creatingarewardsystemtoencouragedieting. D．Producingachemicallinkedtopositiveemotions.14．Whydoestheauthormentionthat“sugarisrareinnature”inparagraph4?A．Toblamemodernfoodproductionforhealthissues.B．Toexplaintheevolutionarybasisofsugarcravings.C．Tocomparenaturalsugarwithartificialsugar.D．Towarnpeopleabouteatingtoomuchsugar.15．Whatissuggestedinthelastparagraph?A．Sugar-blockingdrugsshouldbesoldonstoresrightnow.B．Brainactivitiesalonecoulddeterminedessertcravings.C．Moreresearchisneededbeforetheapplicationofthestudy.D．Cravingsforsugaronlyoccurredinmoderntimes.Self-disciplinedpeoplearenotalloutstandingpeople.16Someofthemreadeveryday.Someofthemneverrunlate.Therealdifferencebetweenanelite(杰出的)personandanordinarypersonisthatanelitepersoncanmanagehisorhertimewell.17Whatpeoplecallself-disciplineisinfactself-management.Oneexampleisstayingfit.Neverunderestimate(低估)someonewhoisingoodshape.Anyonewhohasevertriedtoloseweightknowsthatit’snoteasy.18.Ifsomeoneisingoodshape,itshowsthatheknowstheprinciplesofstayingfitandisabletosticktoaplanthatusestheseprinciples.Ifsomeoneisingoodshape,itmeansthatthispersonisgoodatmanagingthemselvesandtheirtime.19Italsoshowsthatthispersonisabletokeeppersevering(堅持)andcanbalancelong-termgoalswithshort-termgoals.Soifsomeoneisingoodshape,heorsheismorethanjusthealth.20Firstofall,setagoalandwritedownyourreasonsforwantingtoachieveit.Createalistofallthethingsyouneedtodotoachievethisgoalandstarttoworkonthemoneatatime.Withself-discipline,smallthingsinlifewillnolongertroubleyou.Onlythroughself-disciplinecanyoutrulyownyourfuture.A．Howdoyoulearnself-management?B．That’swheretheirsuccesscomesfrom.C．It’sevenhardertoavoidputtingweightbackon.D．Whetheritisnaturaloracquired,itisagreatskill.E．Thisskillgivesyouthepowertosticktoyourdecisions.F．Butnearlyalloutstandingpeopleareself-disciplinedpeople.G．Self-disciplinemeansselfcontrol,whichisasignofinnerstrength.二、完形填空（本大題共1小題）WhenmydadplannedoutatriptoLaMinaFallsintheElYunqueNationalRainforest,Iwasnotreallyintoit,andIwentalong21.I’veneverbeenfondofcoldwater.Ifthe22isn’ttomyliking,I’mnotgoingto23myselffromthepool’sedgelikeamissile(導彈).I’mthetypeofpersonwho24theirtimeeasingintothewater,loweringmyselfstep-by-step,and25mybodytogetusedtotheicydepths.Mycomplicatedrelationshipwithwateris26mydad,whoIdon’tthinkhaseverlooked27hedived.Iwasn’traisedontheriverlikehewas.ShortlyafterIwasborn,we28tocentralFlorida,farawayfromtherapidsofmyfather’syouth.WhenwefinallymadeittotheLaMinaFalls,Iwaswornout.Mydadwasalreadyknee-deepinthewaterand29fast,whileIwasrestingonarock.Hepaused,lookingoveratmeand30perhapsforthefirsttime,thatIhad31himintotheforest.Hewavedhishandatme,andI32myshoes.IknewifItouchedthewaterwithmytoeinthefirstplace,Iwouldn’tgetin.So,Ijumpedintothe33water,notcompletelywithouthesitation,wherea34combinationofaccomplishmentandregretwashedoverme.WhenIbrokethesurface,I35mydadstaringatme.“YourgrandfatherbroughtmehereoncewhenIwasakid.”Hisvoicefadedawayintothewater.21．A．anxiously B．hesitantly C．curiously D．enthusiastically22．A．time B．coach C．sport D．temperature23．A．keep B．launch C．excuse D．rescue24．A．measures B．saves C．takes D．kills25．A．allowing B．controlling C．examining D．risking26．A．inoppositionto B．inresponseto C．atthemercyof D．onbehalfof27．A．once B．before C．because D．if28．A．escaped B．journeyed C．relocated D．returned29．A．floating B．withdrawing C．breathing D．sinking30．A．realizing B．regretting C．admitting D．agreeing31．A．challenged B．forced C．accompanied D．guided32．A．staredat B．reachedfor C．kickedoff D．dusteddown33．A．flooding B．appealing C．flowing D．freezing34．A．confusing B．regular C．similar D．simple35．A．left B．pictured C．stopped D．caught三、語法填空（本大題共1小題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。TraditionalChineseoperahasbeenrevitalized(復興)inrecentyears,fascinatingaudienceswithitsimpressiveperformanceandartisticexcellence.AremarkableexampleistheimmersiveYueOpera,“NewDragonGateInn”,showcasedbytherenownedXiaoBaiHua,36hasbecomeanewnationalhit.Thetwoleadingactresses,bothborninthe1990s,havebecomethefocusofdiscussionfortheirbrilliant37(perform).38(draw)inspirationfromaclassicmartialartsfilm,theopera39(skillful)exploresthemesofloveandconflictamong40(it)characters,presentingthenarrativeinafreshandengagingmanner.Innovationiscentral41theproduction'spopularity,astheimmersivesettingof“NewDragonGateInn”42(allow)audiencetobepartofaninnwithsecretpassages.Byshiftingthefocusfromtraditionallovestoriestomartialthemesandintegratingshortvideos,thesuccessof“NewDragonGateInn”,whosegoalistobringtraditionalChineseoperato43wideraudience,isseenasanexampleofshowcasingtheculturalheritageandartisticconfidenceinherentintheYueOperagenre.Thousandsoffansfromacrossthecountry44(crowd)toHangzhoutowitnesstheshowinrecentyears,withmanyyoungpeopleclaimingthat“ithasawakenthepassionforopera45(root)intheDNAoftheChinesepeople”.四、書信寫作（本大題共1小題）46．假定你是李華，外教Mike準備開展讀書月活動，讓學生讀完指定的五本英文名著，你認為這樣的安排存在問題。請你給外教寫一封郵件，內容包括：1.說明問題；2.提出建議。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearMike,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、書面表達（本大題共1小題）47．閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Itwasmybrother'sidea.Let'sgetMomapetdogforherbirthday.Itwouldmakeherhappy.Ithoughtitwasagoodidea,asMomhadalwayswantedtoownadog.Bythetimeourconversationended,Ihadmytask:findourmotheradog.Afteracarefulsearch,Ifinallyfoundanadfordogsinalocalnewspaper.Anearbyfamilyhadadogwhohadjustgivenbirthtofivemalepuppies（小狗）！Allhadhadtheirfirstvaccines（疫苗），andwouldbereadytoleavetheirmominafewweeks.Igavethemacall.Themanwhoansweredthephonelistenedpatientlytomystoryandsetadateforustomeetthedogs.Whenthedayarrived,Igotintomybrother'scar.Wepulledupinfrontofsomehousesthatsatalonganarrowstreet.Aswesteppedontothesidewalk，weweregreetedbynoisybarks（吠叫聲）.Fourdogshadpositionedthemselvesonthebackofasofaandwerewatchingusthroughalargewindow.Weclimbedontotheporch(門廊)andrangthedoorbell.Atallmanwithgrayinghairandakindsmileopenedthedoor.AsIreachedtoshakehishand,Icouldseethepuppiesbehindhim,runningtogettous.Eachpuppyworeadifferentcolorstringaroundhisneck.Wemettheman'swife,whoworeasimilarfriendlysmileandwelcomedustoherhome.Wemetthepuppies'parentsandthensetaboutthebusinessofselectingafriendforourmother.Therewerefourpuppiesandfourvisitors;themanhandedeachofusadog.Threeofthepuppieslookedupatuswithlarge,curiouseyes.Thefourthone,whoIwasholding,begantowiggleexcitedlyandkissmyface."Let'stakethisone!He'stheone!Lookhowlovelyheis!"Isaid.AsfarasIwasconcerned,itwasadonedeal.注意：1.續寫詞數應為150詞左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Mybrotherwasn'tsureandsuggestedthatwetakesometimetogettoknowallofthem._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Twoweekslater,wepickedupthedogandhidhimaroundthecornerinmymom'slivingroomwhilesheopenedherbirthdaygifts._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案【答案】1．C2．D3．B【分析】這是一篇應用文。本文主要介紹了世界上最好的三個博物館：法國巴黎盧浮宮、英國倫敦的大英博物館和俄羅斯圣彼得堡冬宮博物館.【解析】1．細節理解題。根據文章“TheBritishMuseuminLondonwasfoundedin1753andopeneditsdoorssixyearslater.”（倫敦的大英博物館于1753年建立，并在六年后對外開放。）可知，大英博物館于1759年對外開放。故選C。2．細節理解題。根據第一段內“Whetheryouareafineartorhistorylover,thefollowingthreemuseumsaresuretotakeyourbreathaway”（無論你是美術愛好者還是歷史愛好者，以下三個博物館一定會讓你大吃一驚）可知這三個博物館都收藏有與美術和歷史有關的作品。故選D項。3．細節理解題。根據文章“Thesecond-largestartmuseumintheworld,theStateHermitageMuseumwasfoundedin1764”（世界第二大藝術博物館，國家艾爾米塔什博物館于1764年建立。）可知，世界第二大藝術博物館是俄羅斯的國家冬宮博物館。故選B。【答案】4．A5．D6．D7．B【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過對作者自年少時到成年后對一輛玩具火車情感變化的描述，表達了作者對祖父的思念之情。【解析】4．細節理解題。根據第一段“Thesmoothbullet-noseenginewithitsorangeandyellowlinesandshinystreamlinedblacktender(車廂)seemedtohavecastaspellonme.(光滑的子彈頭發動機，橙色和黃色的線條，閃亮的流線型黑色發動機似乎對我下了魔咒)”和第二段“Togethertheengineandtendermeasuredalittleshyof2feet—enormousbythetoytrainstandardsoftheday.Evenbetter,the746hadaworkingheadlightandsmoker,anditstendersanghigh.(發動機和車廂加在一起差不多有2英尺——按照當時的玩具火車標準，這是巨大的。更好的是，746有一個工作的前燈和吸煙，火車聲音響亮)”可知，作者對746玩具火車非常迷戀，認為它非常完美，無以倫比，它的美麗有一種特殊的吸引力。故選A。5．推理判斷題。根據第三段“Instead,IhadtobecontentwithhislittleLionelplastic,whichwasSIXINCHESshorterthanthe746andhadnoheadlight,nosmokerornosound!(相反，我不得不滿足于他的小Lionel塑料，它比746短6英寸，沒有前燈，沒有煙頭，也沒有聲音！)”可推知，在作者看來，這個小Lionel塑料和746相比差得太多，所以稍微有點不滿意。故選D。6．推理判斷題。根據第四段“Superiorsoundsystemsandcomputercontrolsdominatedtoytrains.Inevergavealook.Myinterestintoytrains,Ifirmlybelieved,hadfaded,nordidmyadmirationforthe746,sincemygrandfatherwasnotwithme.The746wasnevercalledtomind.(先進的音響系統和電腦控制主導了玩具火車。我根本沒看它一眼。我堅信，自從祖父不在我身邊，我對玩具火車的興趣已經消退，我對746的傾慕也沒有了，我再也沒有想起746)”可推知，作者30多歲時，因為祖父不在了，所以他盡量不去回憶過去。故選D。7．主旨大意題。根據最后一段“ItseemedasifIcouldseethesoftlightingrandfather'seyesandhearhischeerfullaughter.(我仿佛能看到祖父眼中柔和的光芒，聽到他歡快的笑聲)”和全文內容可知，文章以746火車玩具為主線，通過對作者自年少時到成年后對它情感變化的描述，表達了作者對童年時期祖父的愛的懷念。由此可知，“746：童年的愛的回憶”適合作為文章標題。故選B。【答案】8．B9．C10．D11．C【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了數學焦慮的問題，指出這種焦慮源于對數學本質的基本誤解，強調了數學不僅是一門科學，也是一種語言和藝術，提倡人們從欣賞數學作為美麗語言和藝術的角度去看待它，以減少對數學的恐懼和焦慮。【解析】8．細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Ahundredyearsago,GermanphysicistFelixAuerbach,concernedaboutthesituationandhopingtofindwaystodealwithit,wrotealittlebookcalledTheFearofMathematicsandHowtoOvercomeIt.Foramathematicianlikemyself,thepleasureofreadinghisbookisfollowedbyasighofregretthatthetopicisasimportanttodayasitwasacenturyago.(一百年前，德國物理學家FelixAuerbach對這種情況感到擔憂，希望能找到應對之策，于是他寫了一本名為《對數學的恐懼及如何克服它》的小書。對于像我這樣的數學家來說，讀完他的書后，在享受閱讀樂趣的同時，也會遺憾地嘆一口氣，因為這個話題在今天和一個世紀前一樣重要。)”可知，一百年前Auerbach寫了一本關于數學恐懼及如何克服它的書，作者讀完后感到遺憾的是這個話題在今天和一個世紀前一樣重要。因為這個關于數學恐懼的話題在一個世紀前和現在都很重要，說明這是一個普遍存在的問題，書探討了這個問題。故選B。9．細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Whydowefearmathematics?Atheart,saysAuerbach,itcomesdowntoabasicmisunderstandingofwhatmathsis.(我們為什么會害怕數學呢？Auerbach認為，從本質上講，這歸根結底是對數學本質的一種基本誤解。)”可知，人們害怕數學的核心原因是對數學是什么存在基本的誤解，也就是沒有理解數學的本質。故選C。10．細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Asanart,thebeautyofmathsliesinthewonderfulthinkingthatallowsustounderstandtheendless,explorethebeautifulpatternsofartandnature,anddelightintheperfectionofideas.Focusingentirelyoncalculationskillsmissesthejoyandexcitementthatcancomefromdiscoveringpatternsandunderstandingthem,fromseeingtheartisticbeautyofmathematics.(作為一種語言，數學的獨特之處在于其真理的普遍性——無論你來自哪里，都能熟練掌握它。作為一門藝術，數學之美在于其精妙的思維，這種思維使我們能夠理解無窮無盡的事物，探索藝術與自然中美妙的圖案，并陶醉于各種完美的思想之中。如果只專注于計算技能，就會錯過發現和理解數學規律所帶來的樂趣與興奮，也體會不到數學的藝術之美。)”可知，作為一門藝術，數學之美在于其精妙的思維，這種思維使我們能夠理解無窮無盡的事物，探索藝術與自然中美妙的圖案，并陶醉于各種完美的思想之中。故選D。11．細節理解題。文章開頭指出數學焦慮由來已久，接著闡述人們害怕數學的原因是對數學本質的誤解，然后詳細說明了數學作為科學、語言和藝術的特點。而根據文章最后一段“Ourgoalshouldbetomovepeoplefromanarrowviewofmathematicsasmerecalculationstoanappreciationofitasabeautifullanguageandartthatinspiresamazement.(我們的目標應該是讓人們從僅僅將數學視為計算的狹隘觀點中走出來，轉而欣賞數學作為一門能夠激發驚嘆之情的優美語言和藝術。)”可知，目標是人們從僅僅把數學看作是計算的狹隘觀點轉變為將其視為一門能激發驚嘆之情的優美語言和藝術來欣賞。也就是說，文章建議讀者從狹隘的數學觀轉變為欣賞數學作為語言和藝術的觀點。故選C。【答案】12．A13．D14．B15．C【分析】本文是一篇科普說明文。主要以生活化的場景引入并介紹了人類和動物對甜食的“dessertstomach”現象的神經科學機制。【解析】12．推理判斷題。根據第一段“Youleanbackfromthedinnertable,feelinglikeyouphysicallycouldn’tfitanotherbite.Butthensomeoneofferspieandyoujustcan’tsayno.Scientistshavenowidentifiedtheneurons(神經元)behindthe“dessertstomach”phenomenon.(你從餐桌上向后靠，感覺自己再也吃不下一口了。但如果有人請你吃派，你就不能拒絕。科學家們現在已經確定了“甜點胃”現象背后的神經元)”可知，作者通過描述“飽餐后仍無法拒絕甜點”這一具體飲食行為引入主題。故選A。13．細節理解題。根據第二段“Theseneuronsreleaseachemicalcalledβ-endorphin,whichactslikeanaturalrewardandmakesthemicefeelgood.(這些神經元釋放出一種叫做β-內啡肽的化學物質，它就像一種自然的獎勵，讓老鼠感覺良好)”可知，POMC神經元的主要功能是釋放與積極情緒相關的化學物質β-內啡肽。故選D。14．推理判斷題。根據第四段“AccordingtoHenningFenselau,ascientistwholedthestudy,thismakessensefromanevolutionaryperspective.Sugarisrareinnaturebutprovidesquickenergy.(領導這項研究的科學家HenningFenselau表示，從進化的角度來看，這是有道理的。糖在自然界中很罕見，但能快速提供能量)”可知，作者提到“自然界中糖分稀少”是為了從進化角度解釋人類對糖的渴望。故選B。15．推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Yet,itistoosoontosaythatthefullpicturehasbeendrawn.Otherstudieshavefoundthatsignalsfromyourdigestivesystemcouldinfluencewhytherealwaysseemstoberoomforadessert.(然而，現在說事情的全貌已經被描繪出來還為時過早。其他研究發現，消化系統發出的信號可能會影響你為什么總是有吃甜點的空間)”可知，研究尚未完全明確，需進一步探索。即在應用這項研究之前還需要更多的研究。故選C。【答案】16．F17．B18．C19．D20．A【分析】本文是一篇議論文，主要討論了自律與自我管理對于擁有健康身體和實現目標的重要性。【解析】16．上文“Self-disciplinedpeoplearenotalloutstandingpeople.(自律的人并不都是優秀的人)”指出自律并不能保證成為優秀的人，F項“Butnearlyalloutstandingpeopleareself-disciplinedpeople.(但幾乎所有優秀的人都是自律的人)”承接上文，揭示自律與成為優秀的人的真正關系，進而引出下文關于自律重要性的探討，句中“alloutstandingpeople”對應下文中代詞“them”。上下文語意連貫。故選F項。17．上文“Therealdifferencebetweenanelite(杰出的)personandanordinarypersonisthatanelitepersoncanmanagehisorhertimewell.(精英人士和普通人的真正區別在于，精英人士能很好地管理自己的時間)”提到精英能很好地管理自己的時間，B項“That’swheretheirsuccesscomesfrom.(這就是他們成功的來源)”承接上文，說明“managehisorhertimewell”的意義，上下文語意連貫。故選B項。18．上文“Anyonewhohasevertriedtoloseweightknowsthatit’snoteasy.(任何曾經嘗試過減肥的人都知道這并不容易)”說明減肥不易，C項“It’sevenhardertoavoidputtingweightbackon.(要避免體重反彈就更難了)”承接上文話題，說明避免體重反彈更難，句中“evenharder”表明上下文之間的遞進關系，同時，這兩句話與前文“Neverunderestimate(低估)someonewhoisingoodshape.(永遠不要低估身材好的人)”構成因果關系，說明不要低估身材好的人的原因。故選C項。19．上文“Ifsomeoneisingoodshape,itmeansthatthispersonisgoodatmanagingthemselvesandtheirtime.(如果一個人狀態很好，這意味著這個人善于管理自己和自己的時間)”提出“管理自己和自己的時間”的能力，D項“Whetheritisnaturaloracquired,itisagreatskill.(無論是天生的還是后天習得的，這都是一項偉大的技能。)”承接上文，對此作出評價，句中代詞“it”指代上文中“goodatmanagingthemselvesandtheirtime”，上下文語意連貫。故選D項。20．根據后文“Firstofall,setagoalandwritedownyourreasonsforwantingtoachieveit.Createalistofallthethingsyouneedtodotoachievethisgoalandstarttoworkonthemoneatatime.Withself-discipline,smallthingsinlifewillnolongertroubleyou.Onlythroughself-disciplinecanyoutrulyownyourfuture.(首先，設定一個目標，并寫下你想要實現它的原因。為實現這個目標，列出你需要做的所有事情，然后一次做一件。有了自律，生活中的小事情將不再困擾你。只有通過自律，你才能真正擁有自己的未來)”可知，本段的主旨是如何進行自我管理，故A選項“Howdoyoulearnself-management?(你如何學會自我管理？)”可以作為段首主題句。故選A項。【答案】21．B22．D23．B24．C25．A26．A27．B28．C29．D30．A31．C32．C33．D34．A35．D【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者與父親一同前往ElYunque國家雨林的LaMina瀑布的旅行經歷，特別是作者對冷水的復雜情感以及與父親在水中的不同表現。展現了作者從猶豫到最終跳入水中的心理變化，以及這一經歷所帶來的成就感和遺憾交織的復雜情感。【解析】21．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當我爸爸計劃去埃爾云克國家熱帶雨林的拉米納瀑布旅行時，我并不是真的對此感興趣，于是我猶豫地跟著去了。A.anxiously焦慮地；B.hesitantly猶豫地；C.curiously好奇地；D.enthusiastically熱情地。根據上文“WhenmydadplannedoutatriptoLaMinaFallsintheElYunqueNationalRainforest,Iwasnotreallyintoit”可知，作者并不想去，所以是猶猶豫豫地跟著爸爸去了。故選B。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果水溫不合我的心意，我是不會像導彈一樣從泳池邊縱身一躍扎進水里的。A.time時間；B.coach教練；C.sport運動；D.temperature溫度。根據上文“I’veneverbeenfondofcoldwater.”可知，作者不喜歡冷的水；再根據空后“I’mnotgoingto

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myselffromthepool’sedgelikeamissile(導彈).”可知，作者對水溫有要求，因此如果水溫不合作者的心意，作者不會猛地跳進水里。故選D。23．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果水溫不合我的心意，我是不會像導彈一樣從泳池邊縱身一躍扎進水里的。A.keep保持；B.launch發起、發射；C.excuse借口；D.rescue救援。根據空后的“likeamissile”可推測，，這里是說不會像導彈一樣從泳池邊發射自己，即不會猛地跳進水里。故選B。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我是那種會慢慢下水的人，一步一步地讓自己下沉，讓身體適應冰冷的水深處。A.measures測量；B.saves節省、挽救；C.takes取、拿；D.kills殺死。根據上文可知，作者不喜歡冷水，如果水溫不合意，作者不會猛地跳進水里。換句話說，作者會慢慢下水，適應冰冷的水。考查短語：takeone’stimedoingsth.，意為“慢慢做某事”，符合句意。故選C。25．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我一直都不喜歡冷水。我是那種會慢慢下水的人，一步一步地讓自己下沉，讓身體適應冰冷的水深處。A.allowing允許；B.controlling控制；C.examining檢查；D.risking冒險。根據上文“loweringmyselfstep-by-step”以及常理可知，作者會慢慢下水是為了讓身體適應冰冷的水深處。故選A。26．考查短語詞義辨析。句意：我與水之間復雜的關系和我爸爸截然不同。我覺得爸爸跳水前從來都不會先觀察一下周圍情況。A