2021年英語專業四級考試題庫大全及答案詞匯與語法部分1.Heisnot_____asateacherofEnglishashispronunciationisterrible.A.muchofasuccessB.muchofafailureC.asuccessD.afailure答案：A?！癿uchofa+名詞”表示“稱得上……的，相當不錯的”。這里說他因為發音糟糕稱不上一個好的英語老師，也就是在英語教學方面不太成功，所以選A。2.Thepolicehaveofferedalarge_____forinformationleadingtotherobber'sarrest.A.awardB.compensationC.prizeD.reward答案：D?！皉eward”指為某項服務或成就給予的報酬或獎賞，通常是為了鼓勵人們提供信息等；“award”一般指官方授予的獎項；“compensation”是補償；“prize”是競賽等的獎品。這里警方為獲取導致搶劫犯被捕的信息提供報酬，用“reward”合適。3.Itishightimewe_____somethingtostoproadaccidents.A.didB.aredoingC.willdoD.do答案：A?！癐tishightimethat...”后面的從句要用虛擬語氣，動詞用過去式，所以選A。4.Theoldcoupledecidedtomoveoutoftowntoaquiet_____,wheretheyhadspentseveralyearsimmediatelyaftertheirmarriage.A.spaceB.suburbC.neighborhoodD.area答案：B?！皊uburb”指郊區，符合老夫婦從城里搬到安靜地方的語境；“space”強調空間；“neighborhood”側重社區；“area”范圍較廣，這里用“suburb”最合適。5._____allourkindnesstohelpher,Sarahrefusedtolistentous.A.AtB.ForC.InD.On答案：B。“for”在這里表示“盡管”，相當于“despite”。全句意思是盡管我們好心幫她，莎拉還是不聽我們的。6.Thehousewasveryquiet,_____asitwasonthesideofamountain.A.isolatedB.isolatingC.beingisolatedD.havingbeenisolated答案：A?！癷solated”是形容詞，作伴隨狀語，說明房子的狀態是“被孤立的，偏遠的”，和“quiet”相呼應。7.Wecanassignthetaskto_____iscapableandtrustworthy.A.whomeverB.whoC.whomD.whoever答案：D。“whoever”引導賓語從句，在從句中作主語，相當于“anyonewho”。這里表示我們可以把任務分配給任何有能力且值得信賴的人。8.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme_____ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.A.tobeinformedB.oninformingC.informedD.informing答案：C?！発eepsb.informedof...”是固定用法，意為“讓某人了解……”，“informed”是過去分詞作賓語補足語，表示被動和完成。9._____theclaimaboutGermaneconomicmight,itissomewhatsurprisinghowrelativelysmalltheGermaneconomyactuallyis.A.TogiveB.GivenC.GivingD.Havinggiven答案：B。“given”在這里是介詞，意為“考慮到，鑒于”，引導條件狀語。全句意思是考慮到關于德國經濟實力的說法，德國經濟實際上相對較小這一點有點令人驚訝。10.Ifonlythepatient_____adifferenttreatmentinsteadofusingtheantibiotics,hemightstillbealivenow.A.hadreceivedB.receivedC.shouldreceiveD.werereceiving答案：A。“ifonly”表示“要是……就好了”，后面的從句要用虛擬語氣。根據“hemightstillbealivenow”可知是對過去情況的虛擬，從句要用過去完成時，所以選A。完型填空部分IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynurserywasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe1850sand1860s,andmostof11werecharitable.BothinEuropeandintheU.S.,theday-nurserymovementreceivedgreat12duringtheFirstWorldWar,when13ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountriesnurserieswereestablished14inmunitionsplants,underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.15thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose16,thisrisewasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,17,Federal,State,andlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol18thedaynurseries,chieflyby19themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.The20oftheSecondWorldWarwasquicklyfollowedbyanincreaseinthenumberofdaynurseriesinalmostallcountries,aswomenwereagaincalledupontoreplacemeninthefactories.Onthis21theU.S.governmentimmediatelycametothesupportofthenurseryschools,22$6,000,000inJuly,1942,foranursery-schoolprogramforthechildrenofworkingmothers.ManyStatesandlocalcommunities23thisFederalaid.Bytheendofthewar,inAugust,1945,morethan100,000childrenwerebeingcared24inday-carecentersreceivingFederal25.Soonafterward,theFederalgovernment26cutdownitsexpendituresforthispurposeandlater27them,causingasharpdropinthenumberofnurseryschoolsinoperation.However,theexpectationthatmostemployedmotherswouldleavetheir28attheendofthewarwasonlypartlyfulfilled.11.A.thoseB.themC.whoseD.whom答案：B。這里需要一個賓格代詞作“of”的賓語，指代前面的“nurseries”，所以用“them”。12.A.impetusB.inputC.imitationD.initiative答案：A?！癷mpetus”意為“推動力，促進”，一戰期間人力短缺促使大量女性就業，從而推動了日托所運動的發展，符合語境?！癷nput”是輸入；“imitation”是模仿；“initiative”是主動性。13.A.sourcesB.abundanceC.shortageD.reduction答案：C。根據后面“theindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen”可知是人力短缺，才讓大量女性去工作，“shortage”符合。14.A.hardlyB.entirelyC.onlyD.even答案：D。“even”表示遞進，在一些歐洲國家，日托所甚至建在了軍工廠里，符合邏輯。15.A.BecauseB.AsC.SinceD.Although答案：D。前后是轉折關系，盡管美國日托所數量也增加了，但沒有政府任何援助，“although”引導讓步狀語從句。16.A.unanimouslyB.sharplyC.predominantlyD.militantly答案：B?！皊harply”表示急劇地，說明日托所數量增加得很快，符合語境。17.A.thereforeB.consequentlyC.howeverD.moreover答案：C。這里和前文是轉折關系，一戰后聯邦、州和地方政府開始對日托所進行控制，用“however”。18.A.overB.inC.atD.about答案：A。“exercisecontrolover...”是固定搭配，意為“對……實施控制”。19.A.formulatingB.labelingC.patentingD.licensing答案：D。“licensing”意為“頒發許可證”，政府通過給日托所頒發許可證、檢查和規范其內部條件來進行控制。20.A.outsetB.outbreakC.breakthroughD.breakdown答案：B。“outbreak”指（戰爭、疾病等的）爆發，二戰爆發后日托所數量增加，符合語境。21.A.circumstanceB.occasionC.caseD.situation答案：B?！皁nthisoccasion”是固定短語，意為“在這個時候，在這種場合”。22.A.regulatingB.summoningC.allocatingD.transferring答案：C?！癮llocating”意為“分配，撥出”，美國政府在1942年7月撥出600萬美元用于日托所項目。23.A.expandedB.facilitatedC.supplementedD.compensated答案：C?！皊upplemented”表示補充，許多州和地方社區補充了聯邦政府的援助。24.A.byB.afterC.ofD.for答案：D?！癱arefor”是固定短語，意為“照顧”。25.A.pensionsB.subsidiesC.revenuesD.budgets答案：B。“subsidies”指補貼，這里說在接受聯邦補貼的日托中心里的孩子。26.A.prevalentlyB.furiouslyC.statisticallyD.drastically答案：D?！癲rastically”表示大幅度地，聯邦政府大幅度削減了這方面的開支。27.A.abolishedB.diminishedC.jeopardizedD.precluded答案：A?！癮bolished”意為“廢除，取消”，后來取消了開支，導致日托所數量急劇下降。28.A.nurseriesB.homesC.jobsD.children答案：C。人們期望大多數職業母親在戰后會離開工作崗位，但只是部分實現了，所以選“jobs”。閱讀理解部分Passage1Telecommuting—substitutingthecomputerforthetriptothejob—hasbeenhailedasasolutiontoallkindsofproblemsrelatedtoofficework.Forworkersitpromisesfreedomfromtheoffice,lesstimewastedintraffic,andhelpwithchild-careconflicts.Formanagement,telecommutinghelpskeephighperformersonboard,minimizestardinessandabsenteeismbyeliminatingcommutes,allowsperiodsofsolitudeforhigh-concentrationtasks,andprovidesschedulingflexibility.Insomeareas,suchasSouthernCaliforniaandSeattle,Washington,localgovernmentsareencouragingcompaniestostarttelecommutingprogramsinordertoreducerush-hourtrafficandimproveairquality.Butthesebenefitsdonotcomeeasily.Makingatelecommutingprogramworkrequirescarefulplanningandanunderstandingofthedifferencesbetweentelecommutingrealitiesandpopularimages.Manyworkersareseducedbyrosyillusionsoflifeasatelecommuter.AcomputerprogrammerfromNewYorkCitymovestothetranquilAdirondackMountainsandstaysincontactwithherofficeviacomputer.Amanagercomesintohisofficethreedaysaweekandworksathometheothertwo.Anaccountantstayshometocareforhersickchild;shehooksuphertelephonemodemconnectionsanddoesofficeworkbetweencallstothedoctor.Thesearepowerfulimages,buttheyarealimitedreflectionofreality.Telecommutingworkerssoonlearnthatitisalmostimpossibletoconcentrateonworkandcareforayoungchildatthesametime.Beforeacertainage,youngchildrencannotrecognize,muchlessrespect,thenecessaryboundariesbetweenworkandfamily.Additionalchildsupportisnecessaryiftheparentistogetanyworkdone.Management,too,mustseparatethemythfromthereality.Althoughthemediahaspaidagreatdealofattentiontotelecommuting,inmostcasesitistheemployee'ssituation,nottheavailabilityoftechnology,thatprecipitatesatelecommutingarrangement.Thatispartlywhy,despitethewidespreadpresscoverage,thenumberofcompanieswithwork-at-homeprogramsorpolicyguidelinesremainssmall.29.Whatisthemainsubjectofthepassage?A.Businessmanagementpolicies.B.Drivingtowork.C.Extendingtheworkplacebymeansofcomputers.D.Computersforchild-carepurposes.答案：C。文章主要圍繞遠程辦公，即通過電腦把工作場所延伸到家庭等地方展開，介紹了其好處、實施的困難等，所以選C。30.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaproblemforofficeemployees?A.Beingrestrictedtotheoffice.B.Incurringexpensesforlunchesandclothing.C.Takingcareofchildren.D.Drivinginheavytraffic.答案：B。文章提到員工在辦公室工作會受限于辦公室、面臨交通擁堵和照顧孩子的問題，但未提及午餐和服裝費用問題。31.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthormentionasapossibledisadvantageoftelecommuting?A.Smallchildrenmaydistractfromwork.B.Thecomputermaybreakdown.C.Telecommutersareoftenlonely.D.Jobpromotionsarelesslikely.答案：A。文中提到遠程辦公的員工很難同時專注工作和照顧小孩，小孩子會分散工作注意力，所以選A。32.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleoftelecommutingasdescribedinthepassage?A.Ascientistinalaboratorydevelopingplansforaspacestation.B.Atechnicalwritersendingviacomputerdocumentscreatedathome.C.Acomputertechnicianrepairinganofficecomputernetwork.D.Ateacherdirectingcomputer-assistedlearninginaprivateschool.答案：B。遠程辦公是用電腦代替去辦公室上班，技術作家在家創作文件并通過電腦發送，符合遠程辦公的定義，選B。寫作部分題目Nowadays,moreandmorestudentschoosetofurthertheirstudyabroad.Somepeoplethinkitisagoodwaytogainbettereducationandexperiencedifferentcultures,whileothersbelieveitmaybringsomeproblemssuchasculturalshockandhighcost.Writeanessayofabout200wordstodiscussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.范文Inrecentyears,thephenomenonofstudentsgoingabroadforfurtherstudyhasbecomeincreasinglyprevalent.Opinionsonthistrendaredivided.Thoseinfavorofstudyingabroadarguethatitoffersstudentsaccesstohigh-qualityeducationresources.Foreignuniversitiesoftenhaveadvancedteachingmethodsandresearchfacilities,whichcanbroadenstudents'academichorizons.Moreover,itisanexcellentopportunitytoexperiencediversecultures,enhancecross-culturalcommunicationskills,anddevelopamoreglobalperspective.However,opponentspointoutseveralproblems.Firstly,culturalshockisacommonissue.Studentsmayfinditdifficulttoadapttothenewenvironment,customs,andvalues,whichcanleadtofeelingsofisolationandanxiety.Secondly,thecostofstudyingabroadisextremelyhigh,includingtuitionfees,livingexpenses,andtravelcosts,whichmayimposeaheavyfinancialburdenonfamilies.Inmyopinion,studyingabroadhasitsprosandcons.Ifstudentscanwellpreparethemselvesforthechallengesandtheirfamiliescanaffordthecost,itisdefinitelyavaluableexperience.Theyshouldmakefulluseoftheresourcesandopportunitiesabroadtoimprovethemselvesandmakeacontributiontotheirmotherlandinthefuture.聽力部分對話理解Conversation1W:Hi,Tom.Howwasyourweekend?M:Notbad.Iwenttotheartexhibitionatthecitymuseum.Itwasreallyamazing.W:Oh,soundsinteresting.Whatkindofartworkswerethere?M:Therewerepaintings,sculpturesandsomemodernartinstallations.Iespeciallylikedtheoilpaintings.Theyweresovivid.33.WheredidTomgolastweekend?A.Toapark.B.Toamuseum.C.Toaconcert.D.Toatheater.答案：B。對話中Tom明確說“Iwenttotheartexhibitionatthecitymuseum”，所以選B。34.WhatkindofartworksdidTomlikebest?A.Sculptures.B.Modernartinstallations.C.Oilpaintings.D.Water-colorpaintings.答案：C。Tom說“Iespeciallylikedtheoilpaintings”，所以選C。新聞聽力News1Amajorearthquakehitthecoastalareaofasmallcountrylastnight.Theearthquake,withamagnitudeof6.5ontheRichterscale,causedwidespreaddamage.Manybuildingscollapsed,andtherearereportsofcasualties.Rescueteamshavebeendispatchedtotheaffectedareatosearchforsurvivorsandprovideemergencyassistance.35.Whathappenedlastnight?A.Afloodhitasmallcountry.B.Afirebrokeoutinacoastalarea.C.Anearthquakestruckacoastalarea.D.Ahurricanehitasmalltown.答案：C。新聞開頭就提到“Amajorearthquakehitthecoastalareaofasmallcountrylastnight”，所以選C。36.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheearthquake?A.5.5B.6.0C.6.5D.7.0答案：C。新聞中明確給出地震震級是6.5級，所以選C。更多詞匯與語法題37.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds_____hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.A.tobebasedonB.tobaseonC.whichtobaseonD.onwhichtobase答案：D?！皁nwhichtobasehisarguments”是“介詞+關系代詞+不定式”結構，相當于定語從句“whichhecouldbasehisargumentson”，base...on...是固定搭配，這里表示教授很難找到足夠的依據來支持新理論。38._____forthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbesothrivingasitis.A.HaditnotbeenB.WereitnotC.BeitnotD.Shoulditnotbe答案：A。這是虛擬語氣的倒裝結構，原句是“Ifithadnotbeenforthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic”，省略if后，把助動詞had提前，所以選A。39.You_____himsoclosely;youshouldhavekeptyourdistance.A.shouldn'thavebeenfollowingB.shouldn'tfollowC.mustn'tfollowD.couldn'thavebeenfollowing答案：A?！皊houldn'thavedone”表示本不應該做某事卻做了，這里說本不應該一直緊緊跟著他，應該保持距離，所以選A。40.Thegovernmenthaspromisedtodo_____liesinitspowertoeasethehardshipsofthevictimsintheflood-strickenarea.A.howeverB.whicheverC.whateverD.wherever答案：C?！皐hatever”引導賓語從句，在從句中作主語，表示政府承諾會做力所能及的事情來緩解洪災地區災民的困苦。41.Theroomwassoquietthatshecouldhearthe_____ofherheart.A.hittingB.beatingC.tappingD.knocking答案：B。“heart-beating”表示心跳，“beat”常用來描述心臟、脈搏等有規律的跳動，所以選B。42.Shewasso_____inherjobthatshedidn'thearanybodyknockingatthedoor.A.attractedB.absorbedC.drawnD.concentrated答案：B?！癰eabsorb