2021年上海中考英語一模專題匯編專題02-選詞填空-(解析版)_第1頁
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選詞填空Ⅲ.(2021年徐匯區一模)Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.A.properlyB.victoryC.exploreD.existedE.contained

Lighthousesarestructuresalongtheshorelinesoflargebodiesofwater.Fortourists,lighthousescanbeaninterestingplacetovisit.___16___,andphotograph.Forhistorians,theyareawindowtothepastandreminderofadifferentwayoflife.Forsailorsandshipcaptains,theyareasignofsafety.Theycanprotectaboatfromrunningaground(擱淺)atnightorothertimeswhenthereisafogorastorm.Originally,lighthouseswerebuiltwithroomsforthelighthousekeeper.Itwasthejobofthekeepertomakesurethatitwasalwaysworking___17___.Althoughitcouldbelonelyattimes,itwasanimportantjob.Today,almostalllighthousesareautomated,whichmeansthatthereisnoneedforlighthousekeepers.Nooneiscertainwhenlighthousesfirst___18___.Wedoknowthatlighthousesisprobablymorethan3,000yearsold.AnepicGreekpoemtitledTheIliadwaswrittenbyamannamedHomeraround1200B.C.Inthepoem,Homerreferstoalighthouse,givingmodernscholarsanideaofhowlonglighthouseshavebeenapartofhumanlife.Earlylighthouseswerequitedifferentfromtoday’slighthouses.TheywereusuallymadeofironbasketsthatwereSuspendedfromlongpoles.Thebaskets___19___burningcoalorwood.Inthe1700s,thesebasketsweretakentheplaceofbyoilorgaslanterns.Whenelectricitywasinvented,thelanternswerechangedintoelectricbeacons(燈標).A.educationalB.observeC.referenceD.roughE.appearance

In1822aFrenchphysicistnamedAugustinFresnelinventedalens(透鏡)thatwouldprovetobeveryimportantinlighthousetechnology.WiththeinventionoftheFresnellens,itbecamepossibletomakeabeamoflightreachasfaras28milesfromshore!Lighthousebeamcanbeusedtohelpsailorsidentifythelighthouseandtheirownlocation.Sailorscan___20___thepatternsandlengthsoflightsfromthelighthouse.Thentheylookitupina___21___bookthatwilltellthemwhichlighthousetheyhaveseen.Duringtheday,sailorscanidentifylighthousessimplybytheir___22___.Someareshortandfat,whileothersaretallandthin.Theycanbemadeofmanydifferentmaterials,suchaswood,stone,brickandsteel.Thepatternsalsodiffergreatly.Somelighthousesarepaintedwithstripesoraseriesofdiamondshapesthatmakethemlookdifferent.Otherscanberecognizedbytheirshape—round,squareorrectangular.Manylighthousesarenotinuse.Theyaresometimeschangedintomuseums,inns,___23___centers,orevenprivatehomes.Ifyoueverhaveachancetovisitone,gettingglimpseofhistoryisworththetrip.【答案】16.C17.A18.D19.E20.B21.C22.E23.A【解析】【分析】短文主要介紹了燈塔的發展歷史及作用。【16題詳解】句意:對游客來說,燈塔是一個值得參觀、探索和拍照的有趣的地方。觀察句子,根據“tovisit,...,andphotograph.”可知這里該空應該也是一個動詞,并且用動詞原形,結合選項C.explore“探索”符合語境,故選C。【17題詳解】句意:看守人的工作就是確保它總是能正常工作。觀察句子結構,這里缺少的是一個詞作狀語修飾動詞work,結合選項及句意,A.properly“正確地”符合語境,表達的是:正常地工作,故選A。【18題詳解】句意:沒有人能肯定燈塔最初是什么時候存在的。觀察句子結構,這里是when引導的時間狀語從句,從句缺少謂語動詞,結合語境可知時態為一般過去時,根據“Wedoknowthatlighthousesisprobablymorethan3,000yearsold.”和選項可知,D.existed“存在”,符合語境,故選D。【19題詳解】句意:籃子里裝著燃燒的煤或木頭。觀察句子結構,缺少謂語動詞,結合語境可知時態為一般過去時,選項E.contained“包含,容納”符合語境,表示:籃子里裝著燃燒的煤或木頭,故選E。【20題詳解】句意:水手們可以觀察到燈塔燈光的模式和長度。該空前是情態動詞can,可知這里應該用動詞原形,根據“Lighthousebeamcanbeusedtohelpsailorsidentifythelighthouseandtheirownlocation.”,可知水手們可以觀察到燈塔燈光的模式和長度,選項B.observe“觀察”符合語境,故選B。【21題詳解】句意:然后他們在一本能告訴他們所見過的燈塔的參考書中查找。觀察句子,可知這里缺少一個詞修飾book,lookup“查閱”,根據“thatwilltellthemwhichlighthousetheyhaveseen”可知應該是查閱一本能告訴他們所見過的燈塔的參考書,referencebook“參考書”符合語境,故選C。【22題詳解】句意:白天,水手們僅憑燈塔的外表就能認出它們。觀察句子,形容詞性物主代詞their后接名詞,可知這里應該是一個名詞。根據“Someareshortandfat,whileothersaretallandthin.”,再結合選項,可推測是燈塔的外貌,E.appearance“外貌”符合語境,故選E。【23題詳解】句意:它們有時被改造成博物館、旅館、教育中心,甚至私人住宅。根據“museums,inns,...centers,orevenprivatehomes.”。可知該空這里也應該是一個建筑物,centers“中心”,可用名詞修飾,結合選項A.educational“教育的”,educationalcenters“教育中心”符合語境,故選A。(2021年靜安一模)Completethefollowingpassageswiththewordsinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce(每空限填一詞,每詞只能填一次)A.exerciseB.beatC.spreadD.influenceE.weakerInternetusebecamepopularinthe1990s.Asit___21___,itchangedthewaywegetinformation.Italsochangedthewaywecommunicate.Now,somescientistsbelievethattheuseoftheInternetmaybechangingourbrains.Wemightlearnandinteractdifferently.Whydosomescientistsbelievethis?ManypeoplespendhoursontheInterneteachday.Theyspendlesstimedoingthingsthatmay___22___differentpartsoftheirbrains.Asaresult,peoplelosetheirsocialskills.Withoutusingtheseskills,partsofthebrainmaybecome___23___.Thiscouldleadtosocialawkwardness.Itmightalsocausepeopletospendtoomuchtimealone.Somescientistssaythe___24___isstrongestinso-called“digitalnatives”.Thesearepeopleintheirteensand20swhohavegrownupwiththeInternet.A.messagesB.experiencesC.awareofD.familiarwithE.actuallyNooneissureabouthowaperson’s___25___affectthebrain.SomescientistssuggestthatInternetuseis___26___goodforthebrain.MizukoItosaysthatbyhangingoutonlinewithfriends,teenslearnimportantskills.Forexample,teensbecome___27___whatisOKtopostontheInternet.Whatdoteensthinkofallofthis?A19-year-oldboyJohnRowebelievesthattheeffectoftheInternetdependsentirelyontheperson.Roweisa“digitalnative”.Hespendsbetween6and12hoursontheInterneteachday.Forpartofthattime,heplaysgamesandsendsinstant___28___tohisfriends.Hasthischangedhissocialskills?Hehimselfsaysthatithasnot.Healsospendsseveralhourswithhisfriendseachday.Thisgiveshimachancetocommunicatefacetoface.“IfIdidn’tactivelygooutandtrytospendtimewithfriends,Iwouldn’thavethesocialskillsthatIdo,”saidRowe.“Youcan’tjustgiveuponhavingnormalfriendsthatyouseeeachday.”【答案】21.C22.A23.E24.D25.B26.E27.C28.A【解析】文章大意:本文主要介紹了隨著互聯網的使用和流行,它改變了我們獲取信息的方式,也改變了我們交流的方式。一些科學家認為,互聯網的使用可能會使我們的大腦變弱,而另一些科學家則認為使用互聯網實際上對大腦有好處。文章還介紹了青少年JohnRowe對此的看法。【21題詳解】句意:隨著它的傳播,它改變了我們獲取信息的方式。根據上文“Internetusebecamepopularinthe1990s.”以及下文“itchangedthewaywegetinformation.”結合備選詞匯,可知是隨著互聯網的流行傳播,它改變了我們獲取信息的方式。spread“傳播”,符合題意,故選C。【22題詳解】句意:他們花更少的時間去做那些可以鍛煉大腦不同部位的事情。根據上文“ManypeoplespendhoursontheInterneteachday.”結合備選詞匯,可知人們每天花那么多時間上網,應該是花更少的時間去做那些可以鍛煉大腦不同部位的事情。exercise“鍛煉、練習”,動詞,前面有情態動詞may,因此這里用動詞原形,故選A。【23題詳解】句意:如果不使用這些技能,大腦的某些部位可能會變得更弱。根據上文“Withoutusingtheseskills,”結合備選詞匯,可知人們不使用這些技能,大腦的某些部位可能會變得更弱。這里暗含比較級形式,weaker“更弱的”,符合題意,故選E。【24題詳解】句意:一些科學家表示,這種影響在所謂的“數字原生代”中最為強烈。根據上文“Itmightalsocausepeopletospendtoomuchtimealone.”結合備選詞匯,可知這種影響在所謂的“數字原生代”中最為強烈。influence“影響”,名詞,符合題意,故選D。【25題詳解】句意:沒有人確定一個人的經歷是如何影響大腦的。根據“Nooneissureabouthowaperson’s…affectthebrain.”結合上下文語境,以及備選詞匯,可知沒有人確定一個人的經歷是如何影響大腦的。experiences“經歷、經驗”,名詞,符合題意,故選B。【26題詳解】句意:一些科學家認為,使用互聯網實際上對大腦有好處。根據下文“MizukoItosaysthatbyhangingoutonlinewithfriends,teenslearnimportantskills.”結合備選詞匯,可知是一些科學家認為,使用互聯網實際上對大腦有好處。actually“實際上、事實上”,副詞,符合題意,故選E。【27題詳解】句意:例如,青少年意識到什么是可以發布在互聯網上。根據“Forexample,teensbecome…whatisOKtopostontheInternet.”結合備選詞匯,可知awareof“意識到、知道”符合題意,故選C。【28題詳解】句意:在那段時間里,他玩游戲,給朋友發即時消息。根據“heplaysgamesandsendsinstant…tohisfriends.”結合備選詞匯,可知是在他上網的時間里,他玩游戲,或者給朋友發即時消息。messages“消息、信息”,符合題意,故選A。Ⅲ.(2021年楊浦區一模)Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce.AmajorB.processC.produceD.inventionE.aswellasChineseanimationhasahistoryofover80years,startingwiththe“WanBrothers”whostartedto____16____Chinesecartoonfilmsinthe1920sinmanykindsofcategories,suchaspuppet,paper-cutandsoon.Ink-washanimationisa____17____partofit.Whenitfirstappearedinthe1960s,itwasabreakthroughintheformofexpressionandaesthetic(美學的)conceptioninanimatedarea.Twoink-washfilmscalled“TadpolesSearchingforMother”and“Cowherd’sFlute,”,withTeWeiasartdirectorandQianJiajunastechnicaldirectordevelopedahighreputationbothathomeandabroad.TheformerreceivedtheBestAnimatedFilmPrizeattheFirstHundredFlowerAwards___18___winningfiveinternationalprizes,while“Cowherd’sFlute”wasawardedtheGoldenPrizeattheOdenseInternationalFairyTaleFilmFestivalinDenmark.Peoplecalledink-washanimationthe“fifthChinese___19___.”A.rolesB.amazingC.amusingD.exploringE.influencedButevenbeforethebirthofTadpolesSearchingforMother,anotherChineseanimatedfeaturefilmcalledUproarinHeavenhadstarted____20____aconnectionbetweenChinesetraditionalpaintingandanimation.Thetwo-hour-longfilmmixedfivedifferentcolorsinits____21____,whichincludedtheMonkeyKingandtheJadeEmperor.ItwasconsideredanidealcombinationofDisney-stylefilmsandChinesetraditionalarts.JapaneseCartoonistOsamuTezuka,the“GodfatherofAnime”saidhewasgreatly___22___byChineseink-washanimation.AnotherJapaneseanimeartistalsocommented,saying.“Itisunbelievablethatink-washpicturescouldmovelikefilms.It’s______23______!”【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.D20.D21.A22.E23.B【解析】短文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國動畫電影的發展歷史。【16題詳解】句意:中國動畫已經有80多年的歷史了,從20世紀20年代開始創作中國動畫電影的“萬氏兄弟”開始,他們創作了多種類型的動畫片,如木偶、剪紙等。根據前句“Chineseanimationhasahistoryofover80years,”可知,是從從20世紀20年代開始創作中國動畫,空處動詞應是produce,生產、制造;開始干某事:starttodosth.。故填C。【17題詳解】句意:水墨動畫是其中的一個主要部分。根據下文的敘述“Whenitfirstappearedinthe1960s,itwasabreakthroughintheformofexpressionandaesthetic(美學的)conceptioninanimatedarea.Twoink-washfilmscalled“TadpolesSearchingforMother”and“Cowherd’sFlute,”,withTeWeiasartdirectorandQianJiajunastechnicaldirectordevelopedahighreputationbothathomeandabroad.”可知,水墨動畫是其中的一個主要部分。故空處應是major,主要的,形容詞,修飾名詞。故填A。18題詳解】句意:前者獲得第一百屆花卉大獎最佳動畫電影獎,以及五項國際大獎。根據空前“receivedtheBestAnimatedFilmPrizeattheFirstHundredFlowerAwards”和空后“winningfiveinternationalprizes,”可知,空處應是aswellas,以及、除……之外(也),后面多接doing。故填E。【19題詳解】句意:人們把水墨動畫稱為“中國的第五個發明”。空處的詞在定冠詞the之后,應是名詞;結合上文的敘述可知,空處應是invention,發明,名詞。故填D。【20題詳解】句意:但是即使在《小蝌蚪找媽媽》出生之前,另一部名為《大鬧天宮》的中國動畫電影就已經開始探索中國傳統繪畫和動畫之間的聯系。根據空后“aconnectionbetweenChinesetraditionalpaintingandanimation.”可知,空處應是exploring,探討。故填D。【21題詳解】句意:這部長達兩小時的電影將五種不同的顏色融合進它的角色中一起,其中包括美猴王和玉帝。根據非限制性從句“whichincludedtheMonkeyKingandtheJadeEmperor.”可知,空處應是復數名詞roles,角色。故填A。【22題詳解】句意:日本漫畫家手冢治蟲,“動畫教父”說他受到了中國水墨動畫的很大影響。根據下句“AnotherJapaneseanimeartistalsocommented,saying.“Itisunbelievablethatink-washpicturescouldmovelikefilms.It’s…!””可知,空處應是influenced,影響。故填E。【23題詳解】句意:另一位日本動漫藝術家也評論道,說“難以置信的是,水墨畫可以像電影一樣移動。太神奇了”。根據前半句“Itisunbelievablethatink-washpicturescouldmovelikefilms.”可知,空處應是amazing,令人驚喜的。故填B。Ⅲ.(2021年長寧區一模)Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce.A.advantages

B.award

C.educational

D.grades

E.exploreThemembersoftheScienceClubwanttoplantavegetablegarden.Wethinkthatitwillbeagoodcommunityprojectthatwillnotonlybe___21___,butalsowillbefun.Therewillbemany___22___.Studentswilllearnaboutscience.Theycanlearnaboutdifferentkindsofplants.Studentswould___23___organicgardening,ecology,botany,andothersciencetopics.Studentswillgetsunshineandexercise.Gardeningcanbehardwork.Studentsinall___24___cansharethejobs.Everyonewillhaveachancetofeelinvolved.A.supportB.dependsonC.likelyD.responsibilityE.necessaryStudentswillalsolearnaboutcommitment(承諾)and___25___.Gardeningtakesteamworkandpatience.Thesuccessofthegarden___26___completingeverytask.Everyonecantakeprideintheresults.Finally,studentswilllearnhealthyeatinghabits.Alotofkidsdon’tlikevegetables.However,iftheyhavehelpedgrowthefood,theywillbemore___27___totryit.Manystudentswillbeshockedtofindoutthattheylikegreen,leafystuff!Wehopethatyouwill___28___ouridea.Thankyouforyourtime.【答案】21.C22.A23.E24.D25.D26.B27.C28.A【解析】本文是一篇記敘文,就蔬菜種植花園這個項目對學生的好處進行了闡述。【21題詳解】句意:我們認為這將是一個良好的社區項目,不僅有教育意義,而且也會是有趣的。根據下文“Studentswilllearnabout…Studentswillget…”可知,此處是指蔬菜種植花園這個項目對于學生來說是具有教育意義的,學生能從中學到很多東西。空格處應填意為“有教育意義的”形容詞educational,故選C。【22題詳解】句意:會有很多好處。根據下文“Studentswilllearnabout…Studentswillget…”可知,這個蔬菜種植花園這個項目對于學生來說有很多好處。空格處應填意為“好處”的名詞advantages,故選A。【23題詳解】句意:學生將探索有機園藝、生態學、植物學和其他科學主題。根據上文“Studentswilllearnaboutscience”可知,通過探索有機園藝、生態學、植物學和其他科學主題,學生可以學到一些關于科學的知識。空格處應填意為“探索”的動詞explore,故選E。【24題詳解】句意:各個年級的學生都可以分擔工作。根據下文“Everyonewillhaveachancetofeelinvolved”可知,各個年級的學生都可以分擔工作,每個人都會參與其中。空格處應填意為“各年級”的名詞grades,故選D。【25題詳解】句意:學生還將學會承諾和責任。根據下文“Thesuccessofthegardendependsoncompletingeverytask”可知,通過蔬菜種植花園,學生還將學會承諾和責任。空格處應填意為“責任”的名詞responsibility,故選D。【26題詳解】句意:花園的成功取決于完成每一項任務。根據上文“Gardeningtakesteamworkandpatience”可知,園藝需要團隊合作和耐心,花園的成功取決于完成每一項任務。空格處應填意為“依賴于、取決于”的短語dependson,故選B。【27題詳解】句意:如果他們幫助種植了這些食物,他們就更有可能嘗試(這些食物)。根據上文“Alotofkidsdon’tlikevegetables.However…”可知,很多孩子不喜歡蔬菜,然而,如果他們幫助種植了這些食物,他們就更有可能嘗試(這些食物)。空格處應填意為“可能的”形容詞likely,故選C。【28題詳解】句意:我們希望你能支持我們的想法。根據句子結構,空格處應填動詞,根據ouridea可知,support“支持”為動詞,故選A。III.(2021年虹口一模)Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanbeusedonlyonce.(將下列單詞或者詞組填入空格,每個空格限填一詞,每詞只能填一次)A.onvideoB.thinkingC.abilityD.solutionsE.basedonOnOctober30,2019,3Mannouncedtheresultsofits2019YoungScientistChallenge.14-year-oldKaraFan'sspray-onbandage(噴霧綁帶)beatoutseveralothercreative___32___tosomeoftheworld'sbiggestproblems.Thecontest,whichisrunby3MandDiscoveryEducation,isopentostudentsingrades5-8.Hundredsofkidssentinideas___33___.InJune2019,10finalistswerechosen___34___theirknowledgeand___35___tosharetheirideaclearly.Thefinalistswerematchedwithascientist.Studentsweregivenseveralmonthstoimprovetheirprojectswiththehelpandadviceofthesescientists.A.prizeB.finallyC.discoveredD.expressedE.woundsInOctober2019,thefinalists___36___mettheirscientistsandotherstudentsfacetofaceat3M'sspecialsciencecenterinSt.Paul,Minnesota.Thestudents___37___theirviewsinthegroup,andthewinnerswereannounced.KaraFanfromCaliforniawonthebig___38___foraspecialliquidbandageshecreated.Itcanbesprayedoncutsand___39___.OneimportantpartofKara'sbandageisnano-silver(納米銀)—silverinextremelytinyform.Karahadtodoalotofresearchtogetthatpartjustright.Forwinning,Karagot$25,000.【答案】32.D33.A34.E35.C36.B37.D38.A39.E【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了2019年青年科學家挑戰賽的獲勝者4歲的卡拉·范的噴霧劑繃帶擊敗了其他一些有創造性的解決方案,解決了世界上一些最大的問題。【32題詳解】句意:4歲的卡拉·范的噴霧劑繃帶擊敗了其他一些有創造性的解決方案,解決了世界上一些最大的問題。根據所給空前面的“severalothercreative”并結合所給單詞可知,應該是其他一些有創造性的解決方案,solutions意為“解決方案”,故選D。【33題詳解】句意:成百上千的孩子通過視頻發表了自己的想法。根據前文的“Hundredsofkidssentinideas”并結合所給單詞可知,應該是成百上千的孩子通過視頻發表了自己的想法,onvideo意為“通過視頻”,故選A。【34題詳解】句意:以他們的知識和能力為依據選擇了10名入圍者,他們清楚地分享了自己的想法。根據前文的“10finalistswerechosen”和后面的“theirknowledge”并結合所給單詞可知,應該是以他們的知識為依據選擇了10名入圍者,basedon意為“以……依據”,故選E。【35題詳解】句意:以他們的知識和能力為依據選擇了10名入圍者,他們清楚地分享了自己的想法。根據前面“theirknowledgeand”并結合所給單詞可知,應該是以他們的知識和能力為依據,ability意為“能力”,故選C。【36題詳解】句意:最后入圍者終于見到了他們的科學家。根據后文的“mettheirscientists”并結合所給單詞可知,應該是最后入圍者終于見到了他們的科學家,finally意為“最后”,故選B。【37題詳解】句意:學生們在小組里表達了他們的觀點,并宣布了獲勝者。根據后文的“theirviewsinthegroup”并結合所給單詞可知,應該是學生們在小組里表達了他們的觀點,expressed意為“表達”,故選D。【38題詳解】句意:來自加利福尼亞州的卡拉·范因她發明的一種特殊的液體繃帶而獲得大獎。根據前文的“wonthebig”并結合所給單詞可知,應該是贏得了大獎,prize意為“獎,獎賞”,故選A。【39題詳解】句意:它可以噴在傷口上。根據前文的“Itcanbesprayedoncutsand”并結合所給單詞可知,應該填的是和cuts并列關系的名詞,wounds意為“傷口”,故選E。III.(2021年普陀區一模)Completethefollowingpassageswiththewordsinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce(將下列單詞填入空格。每空限填一詞,每詞只能填一次)A.preventB.exerciseC.avoidD.furtherE.awareGettiredeasily?Hasadoctorsaidhecan’tfindanythingwrongwithyou?Youmightbeinanunhealthystatebetweenhealthanddisease.Doctorsoftentellyoutobe___32___oftheimportanceofforminggoodlivinghabits.Itisthekeyto___33___youfrombeingunhealthy.Youneedtorest,___34___andtakepartinopenairactivities.Theyalsosayabalanceddietishelpfulto___35___beingunhealthy.Besides,youneedtostayinagoodmood.Alwaysthinkaboutyourgoalsinlifeandhowhappyyouarewhenyoucompletethem.【答案】32.E33.A34.B35.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了亞健康狀態以及如何保持健康的身體狀態。【32題詳解】句意:醫生經常告訴你要意識到養成良好生活習慣的重要性。根據下文“Itisthekeytopreventyoufrombeingunhealthy”可知,要是意識到養成良好生活習慣的重要性,這是防止你不健康的關鍵。beawareof意為“意識到”,符合句意,故選E。【33題詳解】句意:這是防止你不健康的關鍵。根據上文“Doctorsoftentellyoutobeawareoftheimportanceofforminggoodlivinghabits”可知,要是意識到養成良好生活習慣的重要性,這是防止你不健康的關鍵。preventsb.fromdoingsth.意為“阻止某人做某事”,符合句意,故選A。【34題詳解】句意:你需要休息、鍛煉和參加戶外活動。根據前后文“rest…takepartinopenairactivities”可知,此處是指“需要休息、鍛煉和參加戶外活動”等一系列動作。故選B。【35題詳解】句意:他們還說均衡的飲食有助于避免不健康。根據上文“Itisthekeytopreventyoufrombeingunhealthy”可知,這是防止你不健康的關鍵,故此處指的是“他們還說均衡的飲食有助于避免不健康”。故選C。A.rarelyB.audienceC.stepsD.seriouslyE.loudlyMostofusareafraidofmakingaspeechinpublicanddon'tdoagoodjob.Herearesomesimple____36____tohelpyoumakeitagreatone.Therearesomethingsyouneedtoconsider____37____.Thefirstproblemistofindoutasmuchasyoucanaboutyour____38____.Whoarethey?Whatdotheyknowaboutthesubjectofyourspeech?Putyourselfintheirshoesasyouprepareforit.Thentrytoarrangeyourmaterialsothatwhatyousaywillbeeasytofollow.Useasmanyexamplesaspossible.Remembertospeakslowlyand____39____tomakeeveryonehearyouclearly.Don'ttalkovertheirheadsortalkdowntothem.【答案】36.C37.D38.B39.E【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些關于演講的技巧。【36題詳解】句意:下面是一些簡單的步驟來幫助你讓它成為一個很好的演講。根據前文的“Mostofusareafraidofmakingaspeechinpublicanddon'tdoagoodjob,Herearesomesimple”和所給單詞可知,應該是下面是一些簡單的步驟,steps意為“步驟”,故選C。【37題詳解】句意:有些事情你需要認真考慮。根據前文的“Therearesomethingsyouneedtoconsider”和所給單詞可知,應該是認真考慮,seriously意為“認真地”,故選D。【38題詳解】句意:第一個問題是盡可能多地了解你的聽眾。根據后文的“Whoarethey?Whatdotheyknowaboutthesubjectofyourspeech?”和所給單詞可知,應該是盡可能多地了解你的聽眾,audience意為“聽眾”,故選B。【39題詳解】句意:記住說話要慢,聲音要大,讓每個人都聽得清楚。根據后文的“makeeveryonehearyouclearly”可知,應該是說話要慢,聲音要大,loudly意為“大聲地”,故選E。III.(2021年閔行一模)Completethefollowingpassageswiththewordsinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce(每空限填一詞,每詞只能填一次)A.drawconclusionsB.wonderfulC.variousD.talentsE.dividedintoSomeliterarycharacterscapturetheimaginationofreaders.Theiradventures,experiences,___16___andpersonalitiesmakethemunforgettable.DetectiveSherlockHolmesisoneofthese.AuthorArthurConanDoylecreatedHolmesin1887.Hewasintelligent.Hisabilitytonoticedetails,putthemtogetherand___17___amazedeveryone.HefirstappearedinthestoryAStudyinScarlet.ThestoryalsointroducedDr.JohnWatsonandhowhecametolivewithHolmesandbepartofhislife.WatsonobservesthatmanyinterestingpeoplevisitHolmesat___18___momentsduringtheday.Watsontellspeopleaboutthisfirstcasewhichinvolvesthemurdersoftwomen.Thestoryis___19___twoparts.Inthefirstpart,Holmessolvesthecrimeandcapturesthekiller.Thesecondpartexplainswhythekillermurderedhisvictims.A.suddenlyB.inthedarknessC.inventedD.importantlyE.trousersTheRed-headedLeagueisonmanypeople'slistsoftheirfavoriteHolmesstories.Inthisstory,red-headedbusinessmanJabezWilsoncametoHolmesforhelp.Severalweeksbefore,Wilson'syoungassistant,VincentSpaulding,showedhimanewspaperadvertisement.TheadvertisementsaidacompanycalledtheRed-headedLeagueofferedhighlypaidworktoared-headedman.Wilsongotthejobandwaspaid4poundsaweekforshortperiodsofafternoonwork.Then___20___,withnonotice,thejobstopped.Wilsonwantedtodiscoverwhathappened.HolmesaskedforadescriptionofSpauldingandwenttoseehimatWilson'sshop.HenoticedthatthekneesofSpaulding's___21___weredirty.ThenHolmestappedonthepavementinfrontofWilson'sshop.Next,hecalledapoliceinspectorandthemanagerofthebankthatwasbehindWilson'sshop.Thefourmenhid___22___andwaited.Soontwomen,oneofwhomwasSpaulding,showedupfromatunnelcutintothevault'sfloorandwerecaptured.Thetwomenhad___23___thecompanytokeepWilsonawaywhiletheydugthetunneltothebankvault(金庫).【答案】16.D17.A18.C19.E20.A21.E22.B23.C【解析】本文介紹了兩本小說中福爾摩斯所表現的破案天賦,他能夠注意到細節,把它們組合在一起并得出結論。【16題詳解】句意:他們的冒險、經歷、才華和個性讓他們難以忘懷。此空與“adventures”“experiences”及“personalities”構成并列關系,所以此空也是一個名詞,結合選詞,talents“才華”符合語境,故選D。【17題詳解】句意:他能夠注意到細節,把它們組合在一起并得出結論,這讓每個人都感到驚訝。根據“Hisabilitytonoticedetails,putthemtogether”,可知,通過把這些細節組合在一起得出結論,drawconclusions“得出結論”符合語境,故選A。【18題詳解】句意:華生注意到,許多有趣的人會在白天的不同時間來拜訪福爾摩斯。根據“manyinterestingpeoplevisitHolmesat…momentsduringtheday”及選詞,可知,人們在白天的不同時間來拜訪福爾摩斯,various“不同的”符合語境,故選C。【19題詳解】句意:故事分為兩部分。根據“Inthefirstpart”及“Thesecondpart”,可知,故事被分為了兩部分,dividedinto“被劃分為……”符合語境,故選E。【20題詳解】句意:突然,沒有任何通知,工作停止了。根據“withnonotice”及“thejobstopped”,可知,在沒有任何通知的情況下,工作突然停止了,suddenly“突然”符合語境,故選A。【21題詳解】句意:他注意到斯波爾丁褲子的膝部已經臟了。根據“thekneesofSpaulding's…weredirty”及選詞,可知,注意到褲子膝蓋那部分臟了,trousers“褲子”符合語境,故選E。【22題詳解】句意:四個人躲在黑暗中等待著。根據“hid”及“waited”,結合選詞及下文的描述,躲在黑暗里等待著那兩個人從地道中竄出來,inthedarkness“在黑暗中”符合語境,故選B。【23題詳解】句意:這兩個人為了在挖掘通往銀行金庫的隧道時不讓威爾遜靠近而創辦了這個公司。根據“tokeepWilsonawaywhiletheydugthetunneltothebankvault”,可知,創辦這個公司的目的是挖掘通往銀行金庫的隧道時不讓威爾遜靠近,invented“創造”符合語境,故選C。Ⅲ.(2021年嘉定一模)Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachonecanonlybeusedonce.A.beggedB.hurriedlyC.orderedD.generousE.amusedALionlayasleepintheforest,hisgreatheadrestingonhispaws(爪).AtimidlittleMousecameuponhimunexpectedly.Shefeltsofrightenedand___16___wentaway.Unfortunately,sheranacrosstheLion’snose.Rousedfromhisnap,theLionlaidhishugepawangrilyonthetinycreaturetokillher.“Spare(饒恕)me!”___17___thepoorMouse.“Pleaseletmegoandsomeday,Iwillsurelyrepay(回報)you.”TheLionwasmuch___18___tothinkthataMousecouldeverhelphim.Buthewas___19___andfinallylettheMousego.A.laughedB.voiceC.unableD.managedE.caughtSomedayslater,whilechasinghispreyintheforest,theLionwas___20___inahunter’snetand___21___tofreehimself.Hefilledtheforestwithhisangryroaring.TheMouseknewthe___22___andquicklyfoundtheLionstrugglinginthenet.Sherantooneofthegreatropesandbitituntilitparted.Soon,theLionwasfree.“You___23___whenIsaidIwouldrepayyou,”saidtheMouse.“NowyouseethatevenaMousecanhelpaLion.”【答案】16.B17.A18.E19.D20.E21.C22.B23.A【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了一只獅子和老鼠之間發生的故事。【16題詳解】句意:她感到很害怕,趕緊走開了。根據前文的“Shefeltsofrightenedand”和后文的“wentaway”并結合所給單詞可知,應該是她感到很害怕,趕緊走開了,hurriedly意為“匆忙的”,故選B。【17題詳解】句意:可憐的老鼠哀求道。根據前文的“Spare(饒恕)e!”和后文的“thepoorMouse.“Pleaseletmegoandsomeday,Iwillsurelyrepay(回報)you.”并結合所給單詞可知,應該是可憐的老鼠哀求道,begged意為“懇求,哀求”,故選A。【18題詳解】句意:獅子一想到老鼠能幫他,就覺得好笑。根據前面“was”可知,應該填形容詞作表語,由“tothinkthataMousecouldeverhelphim”并結合所給單詞可知,應該是獅子一想到老鼠能幫他,就覺得好笑,amused意為“好笑的”,故選E。【19題詳解】句意:但他很慷慨,最后還是放了老鼠。根據前面的“was”可知,應該填形容詞作表語,由“finallylettheMousego”可知,應該是但他很慷慨,最后還是放了老鼠,generous意為“慷慨的”,故選D。【20題詳解】句意:獅子被獵人的網纏住,不能動彈。根據前面的“theLionwas”和后面的“inahunter’snet”可知,應該是獅子被獵人的網纏住,用被動語態,時態是一般過去時,一般過去時的被動語態構成:主語+was/were+動詞過去分詞,過去分詞caught“抓住”,故選E。【21題詳解】句意:獅子被獵人的網纏住,不能動彈。根據前面的“theLionwascaughtinahunter’snet”和后面的“tofreehimself”并結合所給單詞可知,應該是不能動彈,unable意為“未能,無法”,故選C。【22題詳解】句意:老鼠知道這個聲音,很快就發現獅子在網里掙扎。根據前文的“Hefilledtheforestwithhisangryroaring”并結合所給單詞可知,應該是老鼠知道這個聲音,voice意為“聲音”,故選B。23題詳解】句意:我說要報答你的時候你還大笑。根據前文的“TheLionwasmuchamusedtothinkthataMousecouldeverhelphim”和后面的“NowyouseethatevenaMousecanhelpaLion”并結合所給單詞可知,應該是我說要報答你的時候你還大笑,laughed意為“大笑”,故選A。(2021年松江區一模)Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce將下列單詞或詞組填入空格每空格限填一詞,每詞只能填一次。A)designedB)importantC)disabledD)visitorsE)successOpenedattheendofthe18thcentury,theLouvre(盧浮宮)isthemostfamousmuseuminFranceandoneofthemostvisitedintheworld.Atpresent,itreceivesover8million___41___eachyear.TheLouvreusedtobefortress(堡壘)inthe12ndcentury.Beforeitopenedasamuseum,KingCharlesVandPhilippeIIlivedthere.WhentheRoyalFamilymovedtoVersailles(凡爾賽宮),thebuildingwasturnedintooneofthemost___42___museumsintheworld.Itnowcoversatotalareaof160,000squaremeters.Aglasspyramid(金字塔)wasbuiltinthepalace'smaincourtyardin1989.Itwas___43___byIeohMingPei,afamousChinese-Americanarchitect.Whenitwasnewlybuilt,somepeopledislikeditandsaidthatitdestroyedthebeautyofthepalace.Butthepyramidproveditselftobeagreat___44___overtheyears.Itisnowlovedbybothtouristsandlocalpeople.Infact,thepyramiditselfhasbecomeatouristattraction.A)audienceB)connectionC)effortsD)effectiveE)closerRecently,Barcelona'soperahouseheldaconcert.Astringquarter(弦樂四重奏)playedapieceofmusictoafullhouse.Butthe___45___wasalittleunusual—all2,292seatswerefiledwithpottedplants.Andpeoplewatchedtheconcertontheinternet.EugenioAmpudia,anartistcameupwiththeideafortheconcert.Mr.Ampudiasaidthatduringthecoronaviruslockdown(新冠病毒封鎖),hefelt___46___tonature.Hewashappythathumanscouldonlywatchwhilenaturecamebacktofillmanyplaces.Theconcertwasbuiltonthatidea,andgotpeopletothinkabouttheir___47___withnature.TheeventwasalsoawaytothankSpain'shealthcareworkers.Aftertheconcert,theplantsweregiventohealthcareworkersinBarcelonatothankthemfortheir___48___duringSpain'sfightagainstthevirus.【答案】41.D42.B43.A44.E45.A46.E47.B48.C【解析】本文介紹了盧浮宮的發展歷程,以及巴塞羅那歌劇院在疫情期間的特殊表演形式,這種變化讓人們更加接近大自然。【41題詳解】句意:目前,每年接待游客800多萬人次。it指代前文的“theLouvre”,根據“receivesover8million”,可知,這是指每天的游客數量,visitors“游客”,故選D。【42題詳解】句意:這座建筑后來變成了世界上最重要的博物館之一。根據“thebuildingwasturnedintooneofthemost…museumsintheworld”及選詞,可知,盧浮宮成為了世界上最重要的博物館之一,oneofthe+形容詞最高級+復數名詞,表示“最……之一”,important“重要的”,故選B。【43題詳解】句意:它是由著名美籍華人建筑師貝聿銘設計的。根據“Itwas…b

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