大學英語四級（年月考試改革適用）模

擬試卷31（共9套）

（共543題）

大學英語四級（年月考試改革適用）模

擬試卷第1套

一、作文（本題共I題，每題7.0分，共I分。）

1、Forthispart,youareallowed30minutesiowriteashortessayaboutaplacewhich

youlikemost.Youshouldstatethereasonsandwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan

180words.

標準答案：Shanghai—aShinyOrientalPearlIfIwereaskedaboutmyfavoriteplace.

Shanghaiwoulddefinitelycometomymindfirst.Asaneconomichubandcultural

exchangecenter,Shanghaiboastsofapleasantenvironment,interestingpeopleand

intriguingscenicspots,allofwhichmakemereluctanttoleave.LocatedintheYangtze

RiverDeltainEastChina,Shanghaienjoysaratherenjoyableenvironment.Inahumid

climate,treesstandhighalongtheroads,andbrightflowersinfullbloomcoverthe

grassland.WheneverIgo,Icanalwaysfeastmyeyesonthecharmingscenery.Thanksto

asoundandstableeconomyandtheconvenienttransportation.Shanghaiattractsalarge

numberofpeoplefromhomeandabroad.Comingfromdifferentculturalbackgrounds,

peopleinthismetropolislendtohaveaninclusiveattitudetowardeachother.Also,there

arenumeroushistoricalplacesofinterestinShanghai,suchastheWorldExpoCenter,

theBund,YuGarden,tonamejustafew.InShanghai,onecanexperiencethehistory

fromancientChinatothemodernworld.Inconclusion.Shanghaiismyfavoriteplace

becauseofitsagreeableenvironment,interestingpeopleandplacesofinterest.

知識點解析：暫無解析

二、聽力短對話（本題共8題，每題7.0分，共8分。）

2、

A、HelikesParisalot.

B、Hedoesn'tknowFrench.

C、HeisgoodatFrench.

D、HeisaFrenchman.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

3、

A、ItwasheldinChina.

B、Itwasaboutsettingupafactory.

C、Ilhasgotanewboard.

D、Itwasunsuccessful.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

4、

A^Persuadehimtoquitsmoking.

B、Findanewjobforhim.

C^Askhimtobeindependent.

D^Tellhimhowtowork.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

5、

A、Sheislookingforabusstop.

B、Sheisheadingforaplace.

C>Shehatestakingawalk.

D、Sheknowsthewayherself.

標準答案:B

知識點解析：暫無解析

6、

A^Tobuyanewmap.

B、Toaskanotherperson.

C>Togowithher.

D、Tofindthelibraryhimself.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

7、

A、Hissister.

B、Hisfather.

C、Hismother.

D、Hisbrother.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

8、

A、Gettingreadyfortheexams.

B、Takingthefinalexams.

C、Seeingsomebodyelse.

D、Preparingforsomethingunknown.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

9、

A、SheislookingforLinda.

LindaisstayingwithM汰e.

C、Shedoesn'tknowwhereMikeis.

D、MikeiswaitingforLinda.

標準答案：C'

知識點解析：暫無解析

三、聽力長對話（本題共7題，每題7.0分，共7分0）

10、

A、Theysometimeslooksimilartoeachother.

Theylookliketwinsisters.

C、Theydon'tlooklikeeachother.

D、Theyhavethesameexpressions.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

II、

A、Thewomangetsbirthdaygiftsfromhersistereveryyear.

B>Thewomanoftenwritestohersister.

C^Thewomanreceivedaletteronherlastbirthday.

D、Thewomanreceivesbirthdaygiftsinnormaldays.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

12、

A、Thewomanisoneyearolderthanhersister.

B、Thewomansometimesfightswithhersister.

C、Thewomanalwaysmeetshersister'srequirements.

D、Thewomanmeetshersisteronceamonth.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

13、

A、Hegotthejobattheageof16.

B、Hedidsomecleaninginashop.

C、Heworkedfor10hoursaweek.

D、Heusedtoworkonv/eekends.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

14、

A、Bycar.

B、Bybike.

C、Bybus.

D、Onfoot.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

15、

A、Themanwasalwaysfeelingdepressed.

B、Themanhadlittlemoneyleftafterwork.

C^Themanspentmorethanheearned.

D、Themanearnedalotfromhisfirstjob.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

16、

A、Hehadtofinishschoolwork.

Hewastiredofchangingjobs.

C^Helivedfarawayfromthenewshop.

D、Hewasn'thappywiththepay.

標準答案：A'

知識點解析：暫無解析

四、短文理解（本題共/0題，每題1.0分，共70分。）

17、

A、Theyarecrazypeople.

B、Theycan^helpthemselves.

C、Theyhavebadpersonality.

D、Theyarenotlovedbytheirfamily.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

18、

A>Interpersonalrelationships.

B、Strangecharacters.

C、Physicalproblems.

D、Genesandfaultybrainactivities.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

19、

A、Theythinkitisuseless.

Theycanhardlyaffordit.

C、Theydon'tthinktheyarcsick.

D、Theirfamilydoesn,tsupportit.

標準答案：A.

知識點解析：暫無解析

20、

A、Sharetheirownexperienceswiththem.

B、Tellthemthatactuallytheyaren'till.

C、Givethemmoreencouragement.

D^Showthemhowtobehappierandhealthier.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

21、

A^Toimitatetheirworkingstyle.

B>Toberecognizedassuccessful.

C>Tobelesshardworking.

D^Tomakefriendswiththem.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

22、

A、Theysometimescomplainaboutthesystem.

B、Theytrytheirbesttosolveproblems.

C、Theyalwaysdomoreworkthanothers.

D、Theyneedlittlepreparationtofinishtheirwork.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

23、

A、Theywanttokeepthemassecrets.

B、Theyhavefewfriendsatwork.

C、Theywanttofocusonwork.

D、Theydon'twanttobetalkative.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

24、

A、Mostofthemkeepmorethanonepet.

B>Alotofthemspendalotontheirpets.

C、Morethanhalfofthemhavegotonedog.

D^Almosthalfofthemhavegotatleastonedog.

標準答案：D「「

知識點解析：暫無解析

25、

A^Peopleoftendisagreeonmosttopics.

B、Peopletreatpelsbetterthantheirspouses.

C、Petsalwaysmakeamess.

D^Petsneedgreatcare.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

26、

A、Theyareloyaltopeople.

B、Theyarecuteandfurry.

C>Theyarequietandclean.

D、Theycanprotectpeople.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

五、短文聽寫（本題共10題，每題L0分，共70分。）

Businessesarestructuredindifferentwaystomeetdifferentneeds.The[Bl]

formofbusinessiscalledanindividualorsolebusiness.Thebusinessmanov/ns

allofthepropertyofthebusinessandis[B2]everything.Forlegalpurposes,

withthiskindofbusiness,theownerandthecompanyarethesame.Thismeansthe

businessmangetstokeepalloftheprofitsofthebusiness,butmustalso[B3].

Anotherkindofbusinessisthepartnership.Twoormorepeoplegointobusiness

together.An[B4]isusuallyneededtodecidehowmuchofthepartnershipeach

personcontrols.Onekindofpartnershipiscalledalimitedliability（責任）partnership.

Thesehavefullpartnersandlimitedpartners.Limitedpartnersmaynotshareasmuchin

theprofits,buttheyalsohavelessresponsibilityforthebusiness.Doctors,lawyersand

[B5]oftenformpartnershipstosharetheirrisksandprofits.Ahusbandand

wifecanformabusinesspartnershiptogether.Partnerships[B6]onlyforas

longastheownersremainalive.Thesameistrueofindividualbusiness.Butcorporations

are[B7]tohaveanunlimitedlifetime.Acorporationisthemostcomplexkind

ofbusinessorganization.Corporationscansellstockasawayto[B8].Stock

representssharesofownershipinacompany.Investorswhobuystockcan[B9]

theirsharesorkeepthemaslongasthecompanyisinbusiness.Acompanymight

usesomeofits[BIO]topaydividends（紅利）asarewardtoshareholders.Orthe

companymightreinvestthemoneybackintodiebusiness.

27、[Bl]

標準答案：simplest

知識點解析：暫無解析

28、[B2I

標準答案：responsiblefor

知識點解析：暫無解析

29、[B3]

標準答案：payanydebts

知識點解析：暫無解析

30、[B4]

標準答案：agreement

知識點解析：暫無解析

31、[B5]

標準答案：accountants

知識點解析：暫無解析

32、[B6]

標準答案：exist

知識點解析：暫無解析

33、[B7]

標準答案：designed

知識點解析：暫無解析

34、[B81

標準答案：raisemoney

知識點解析：暫無解析

35、[B9]

標準答案：trade

知識點解析：暫無解析

36、[B10]

標準答案：earnings

知識點解析：暫無解析

六、詞匯理解(本題共10題，每題7.0分，共10分。)

Forcenturies,boysweretopoftheclass.Butthesedays,that'snolongerthe[Cl]

.AnewstudybytheOECD,examinedhow15-year-oldboysandgirlsperformed

atreading,mathematicsandscience.Boysstillscoresomewhatbetteratmaths,andin

sciencethegendersare[C2]equal.Butwhenitcomestothestudentswho

really[C3],thedifferenceisobvious:boysare50%morelikelythangirlsto

fall[C4]ofbasicstandardsinallthreeareas.Whyaregirlsperformingbetterat

schoolthantheirmaleclassmates?First,girlsreadmorethanboys.Reading[C5]

isthebasisuponwhichallotherlearningisbuilt.Whenboysdon'tdowellal

reading,theirperformanceinotherschoolsubjects[C6]too.Second,girls

spendmoretimeonhomework.Researcherssuggestthatdoinghomework[C7]

byteachersislinkedtobetterperformanceinmaths,readingandscience.Boys,it

[C8],spendmoreoftheirfreetimeinthevirtualworld:theyare17%more

likelytoplayonlinegamesthangirlseveryday.TheyalsousetheInternetmore.Third,

peerpressureplaysa[C9].Alotofboysdecideearlyonthattheyarejusttoo

coolforschoolwhichmeansthey'remorelikelytobe[CIO]inclass.Teachers

markthemdownforthis.Inanonymous(匿名的)tests,boysperformbetter.Infact,the

gendergapinreadingdropsbyathirdwhenteachersdon'tknowthegenderofthepupil

theyaremarking.A)appearsB)caseC)distinguishesD)dramaticallyE)engaged

F)cxpcricnccG)lazyH)noisyI)proficicncyJ)rolcK)roughlyL)sctM)shortN)strugglc

O)suffers

37、[Cl]

標準答案：B

知識點解析：空格位于定冠詞ihe之后，口本句的謂語為系動詞is,故應填入單數

名詞作表語。上文提到，幾個世紀以來，男生都是班級里的尖子，而本句句首的

but表轉折，故本句所表達的應該是與上文相反的情況，故空格處應填入case,意

為“情況”。備選的名詞中，experience”經驗,經歷“、proficiency”能力，水平”和

role”作用，功能”均不符合文意，故排除。

38、[C2]

標準答案：K

知識點解析：分析句子結構可知，句子主要成分完整，空格前面為系動詞are,后

面為形容詞equal,由此可推知，該處很有可能填入副詞。上文提到，男生在數學

上的分數稍微高些，下文轉折后提到區別明顯，因此可推知，此處表達的應該是男

女生在理科方面的分數大致相等，故空格處應填入roughly”大致上，粗略地”。備

選的副詞dramatically“顯著地”不符合文意，故排除。

39、[C3]

標準答案：N

知識點解析：空格位于who引導的定語從句中，從句中缺少謂語成分，關系詞指

代的主語為復數且動作發生在現在，故應填入動詞原形。上文提到，男生在數學上

的分數稍微高些，而男女生在理科方面的分數大致相等。本句句首的bul表轉折，

故本句所表達的含義應該與上文相反，即說到確實很努力的學生時，這種差別很明

顯，故空格處應填入struggle'、努力，奮斗”。備選的動詞set'、布置”不符合文意，故

排除。

40、[C4]

標準答案：M

知識點解析：空格位于fall和of之間，且。f后面跟的是名詞短語，故可推測此處

應該是考查一個固定搭配。上文提到，說到確實很努力的學生時，這種差別很明

顯。一般情況下，冒號后面的內容是對冒號之前的部分進行的解釋，因此該句表達

的是男生在所有這三個領域達不到基本標準的可能性比女生高50%。故空格史應

填入short?fallshortof意為“達不到；缺乏'L

41、[C5]

標準答案：I

知識點解析：空格位于系動詞is之前，故應填入名詞和reading共同構成主語,根

據下文可知，此處表達的是閱讀能力是所有其他學習建立的基礎，故空格處應填入

proficiency”能力，水平”。備選的名詞中,experience”經驗，經歷”和role"作用，功

能”均不符合文意，故排除。

42、[C6]

標準答案：0

知識點解析：空格位于主句中，主句中缺少謂語成分，動作發生在現在且主語為不

可數名詞，故應填入動詞第三人稱單數形式作謂語。如果男生在閱讀方面不能取得

良好成績，那么他們在其他學習科目中的表現也會變差，故空格處應填入

suffers“遭受，受損害”。備選的動詞中，叩pears“看上去好像，似乎”和dis—

tinguishes"區別，區分”均不符合文意，故排除。

43、[C7]

標準答案：L

知識點解析；空格位于suggest后面的賓語從句中，從句句子成分完整，由空格前

的主語doinghome-work和空格后的byteachers可知，空格應填入動詞過去分詞，

同byteachers共同構成過去分詞短語作后置定語。上文提到，女生在家庭作業上花

費的時間更多。研究人員表明完成老師布國的作業與在數學、閱讀和理科方面更好

的表現有關聯，故空格處應填入set“布置”。備選的動詞過去分詞engaged”從事,

加入“不符合文意，故排除。

44、[C8]

標準答案：A

知識點解析：分析句子結構可知，空格處是插入語，主語是it,所以應填入動詞第

三人稱單數形式作謂語。上文提到，女生在家庭作業上花費的時間更多。此處應該

是相對于上文的轉折，即男生似乎在虛擬世界里花費更多的空閑時間，玩網絡游

戲、使用互聯網等，故空格處應填入appears”看上去好像，似乎”。備選的動詞

distinguishes'、區別，區分''不符合文意，故排除。

45、[C9]

標準答案：J

知識點解析：分析句子結構可知，句中缺少賓語，空格位于不定冠詞a之后，故應

填入單數名詞作賓語。上文分別指出了在學校里女生比男生表現得更好的兩點原

因。本段闡述第三點：同齡人的壓力也發揮了作用，故空格處應填入⑹e”作用，

功能備選的名詞experience”經驗，經歷”不符合文意，故排除。

46、[CIO]

標準答案：H

知識點解析：空格位于系動詞be和介詞短語inclass之間，故應填入形容詞。很多

男生很早就決定他們只是學校里的酷學生，這就意味著他們在班級里更可能吵鬧，

故空格處應填入noisy"喧鬧的，有噪音的”。備選的形容詞lazy“懶惰的，怠惰的”

不符合文意，故排除。

七、長篇閱讀(本題共10題，每題L0分，共70分。)

CreativeDestructionofHigherEducationA)Highereducationisoneofthegreat

successesofthewelfarecountry.Whatwasoncetheprivilegeofafewhasbecomea

middle-classentitlement,thanksmainlytogovernmentsupport.Some3.5million

Americansand5millionEuropeanswillgraduatethissummer.Inthemodemworld

universitiesaredevelopingrapidly:Chinahasaddednearly30millionplacesin20years.

YetthebusinesshaschangedlittlesinceAristotletaughtattheAthenianLyceum(雅典學

園)：youngstudentsstillgatherataspecifictimeandplacetolistentothewisdomof

scholars.B)Atpresent,arevolutionhasbegun,thankstothreeforces:risingcosts,

changingdemandandnewtechnology.Theresultwillbethecompletechangeofthe

university.Whilethepricesofcars,computersandmuchelsehavegreatlyfallen,

universitieshavebeenabletochargeevermoreforthesameservicebecausetheyare

protectedbypublicfundingandthehighvalueemployersplaceondegrees.Fortwo

decadesthecostofgoingtocollegeinAmericahasrisenby1.6percentagepointsmore

thaninflationeveryyear.C)Formoststudents,theuniversityremainsagreatdeal.The

totallifetimeincomefromobtainingacollegedegree,innet-present-value()terms,

canincreaseasmuchas$590,000.Butanincreasingnumberofstudentshavegonedeep

intodebt,especiallythe47%inAmericaand28%inBritainwhodonotcompletetheir

course.Asforthem,thedegreebynomeansvaluesforthatsumofmoney.Andthe

governmentbecomesmoreandmoreunwillingtofundtheuniversity.InAmerica

governmentfundingperstudentfellby27%between2007and2012,whileaverage

tuitionfees,adjustedforinflation,roseby20%.InBriiain,tuitionfeesclosetozerotwo

decadesagocanreach$15,000ayear.D)Thesecondfactorresultinginchangeisthe

labormarket.Inthestandardmodelofhighereducation,peoplegotouniversityintheir

20s.Adegreeisanentrytickettotheprofessionalclasses.Butautomationisbeginningto

havethesameeffectonwhite-collarjobsasithasonblue-collarones.Accordingtoa

studyfromOxfordUniversity,47%ofoccupationsarcatriskofbeingautomatedinthe

nexttewdecades.Asinnovationwipesoutsomejobsandchangesothers,peoplewill

needtotopuptheirhumancapitalallthroughtheirlives.E)Bythemselves,thesetwo

forceswouldbepushingchange.Athird-technology—ensuresit.Theinternet,which

hasturnedbusinessesfromnewspapersthroughmusiciobooksaleupsidedown,will

turnoverhighereducation.NowtheMOOC,or"MassiveOpenOnlineCourse",is

offeringstudentsthechancetolistentostarlecturersandgetadegreeforafractionofthe

costofattendingauniversity.MOOCsstartedin2008:however,theyhavesofarfailed

toliveuptotheirpromise.Largelybecausethereisnoformalsystemofaccreditation(認

證)，drop-outrateshavebeenhigh.Butthisischangingasprivateinvestorsandexisting

universitiesaredrawnin.Oneprovider,Coursera,claimsover8millionregisteredusers.

1houghitscoursesarcfree,itreceiveditsfirst$Imillioninincomeslastyearafter

introducingtheoptiontopayafeeofbetween$30and$100tohavecourseresults

certified.Another,Udacity,hasteamedupwithAT&TandGeorgiaTechtoofferan

onlinemaster'sdegreeincomputing,atlessthanathirdofthecostofthetraditional

version.HarvardBusinessSchoolwillsoonofferanonline"pre-MBA"for$1,500.

StarbuckshasofferedtohelppayforitsstafftotakeonlinedegreeswithArizonaState

University.F)MOOCswilldestroydifferentuniversitiesindifferentways.Notallwill

suffer.OxfordandHarvardcouldbenefit.Peopleofgreatambitionwillalwayswantto

gotothebestuniversitiestomeeteachother,andthedigitaleconomytendstofavora

fewlargeinstitutionsinchargeofitsoperation.Thebignameswillbeabletoselltheir

MOOCsaroundtheworld.Butordinaryuniversitiesmaysufferthefateofmany

newspapers.Werethemarketforhighereducationtoperforminfutureasthatfor

newspapershasdoneoverthepastdecadeortwo,universities'incomeswouldfallby

morethanhalf,employmentintheindustrywoulddropbynearly30%andmorethan700

institutionswouldshuttheirdoors.Therestwouldneedtoadjustthemselvestosurvive.

G)Likeallrevolutions,theonetakingplaceinhighereducationwillhavevictims.Many

townsandcitiesrelyonuniversities.InsomewaysMOOCswillfurthermakethe

differencebothamongstudentsandamongteachers.Thetalentedstudentswillbemuch

morecomfortablethantheweakeroutsidethestructureduniversityenvironment.

Superstarlecturerswillearnafortune,totheangeroftheirlesscharmingcolleagues.

H)Politicianswillcomeunderpressuretohaltthisrevolution.Theyshouldrememberthat

statespendingshouldbenefitsocietyasawhole,notprotectprofessorsfromcompetition.

Thechangeofuniversitieswillbenefitmanymorepeoplethanithurts.Studentsinthe

richworldwillhaveaccesstohighereducationatlowercostandgreaterconvenience.

TheHexiblenatureofMOOCsappealstoolderpeoplewhoneedtraining.EdX,another

provider,saysthattheaverageageofitsonlinestudentsinAmericais31.Inthemodern

worldonlinecoursesalsoofferawayforcountrieslikeBraziltogoaheadWesternones

andsupplyhighereducationmuchmorecheaply.Andeducationhasnowbecomea

globalmarket:theMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologydiscoveredBattushig

Myanganbayar,aremarkablytalentedMongolianteenager,throughanonlineelectronics

course.I)Ratherthanmaintainingtheoldmodel,governmentsshouldmakethenewone

workbetter.Theycandosobysupportingcommonstandardsforaccreditation.InBrazil,

forinstance,studentscompletingcoursestakeagovernment-runexam.InmostWestern

countriesitwouldlikewisemakesensetohaveasingle,independentorganizationthat

certifiesexams.Changinganancientinstitutionwillnotbeeasy.Butitdoespromise

bettereducationfbrmanymorepeople.Rarelyhaveneedandopportunitysoneatlyconic

together.

47>Theintroductionofautomationaffectsthelabordemandandthenbringsaboutthe

revolutionofhighereducation.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

48Theweakerstudentsandthelessattractiveteacherswillsufferfromtheinnovation

ofhighereducation.

標準答案：G

知識點解析：暫無解析

49、MOOCsarcimprovinginthatprivateinvestorsandexistinguniversitiesarcengaged

inthem.

標準答案：E

知識點解析：暫無解析

50NAsfbrthosestudentswhodonotcompletetheircourse,theuniversitydegreeis

definitelynotworth$590,000.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

51、Despitearapidincreaseinthenumberofuniversitygraduates,highereducationhas

hadlittledifferencesinceitsbeginning.

標準答案：A''

知識點解析：暫無解析

52^Governmentsaresupposedtosupportcommonstandardstocertifyonlinecoursesof

highereducation.

標準答案：I

知識點解析：暫無解析

53、Inordertoavoidthefailure,ordinaryuniversitiesneedtoadaptthemselvestothe

digitaleconomy.

標準答案：F

知識點解析：暫無解析

54、Thankstoonlinecourses,studentsmayapproachhighereducationmuchmore

cheaplyandconveniently.

標準答案：H

知識點解析：暫無解析

55、Duetotheprotectionofpublicfundingandtheemployers'emphasisondegrees,

universitystudentsinAmericapayforarisingexpense.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

56>Mostlybecauseofthelackofformalrecognition,theratesofquittingonMOOCs

havebeenhigh.

標準答案：E

知識點解析：暫無解析

八、仔細閱讀（本題共70題，每題1.0分，共10分。）

KentishTownRoadisaboringhighstreetinnorthLondon.Itcontainspoundshops,

hairdressersandsomeoldhardwarestores.UnlikeCamdenTowntothesouth,fullof

barsandtattoo（紋身）clubs,Hampsteadtothewest,withitspubsandclothingshops,little

seemstohavechangedonthestreetforthepastthreedecades.Oneexplanationisthat,in

commonwithotherpartsofLondon,KentishTownhaslotsofsocialhousing,aswellas

costlyVictorianterraces（排屋）.CamdenCouncil,thelocalauthority,isbuildingeven

moreinthetown.Thishelpscheapershopssurvive,suggestsTonyTraversoftheLondon

SchoolofEconomics:councilrentersarelesslikelytodriveandsorelymoreonlocal

outlets.Andthesheervolumeofcarandlorrytrafficonthebusyhighstreet,whichisa

mainroadintothecity,mightblockshoppersfromvisitingandfashionablebusinesses

fromsettingupinthearea.Populationstructureplaysapart,too.Fully72%ofthe

populationofKentishTowniswhite,includingagoodnumberofIrishresidents—higher

thantheproportioninLondonasawhole,at60%.Unlikethehighstreetsaround

PeckhamandBerixtoninsouthLondon,whichcaterforAfricanshopperswhomay

travelfartoreachthem,fewspecialistshopsdrawpeopletoKentishTown."We'renota

destinationhighstreet.'*sighsonelocaltrader.Strongoppositionofthelocalresidents

accountsforpartofthereason.Lotsofcivicgroupsareactiveinthearea,campaigning

againstnewlicensesandthelike,saysDanCarrieroftheCamdenNewJournal,a

newspaper.Alocalbusinessassociationisalsogoodatcomplaining.Partlybecauseof

this,abigsupermarkethasnotyetopenedonthehighstreet—thoughLidl,adiscounter,

willsetupshopthisyear.Soaringhousepricesintheareamightbeanotherbrakeonthe

change.Wealthyfamilybuyersmeanthatsomehousesoncesplitintoflatshavebeen

turnedbackintohomes,saysMr.Carrier.Theresultisfewershoppersonthehighstreet.

Wealthyresidentsaremorelikelytogettheirgroceriesonlineordrivetobiggerstores.

AndmostwillgoouttotheWestEndratherthanalocalrestaurant.

57、WhatdowelearnaboutKentishTownRoad?

A、Itisahighwayonlyforautomobiles.

B>Itisaboringbutfashionablewalkingstreet.

C>ItconnectsCamdenwithHampstead.

D^Itlooksalmostthesameasthirtyyearsago.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：事實細節題。本題考查肯特鎮路的基本情況。由定位段第三句可知，

與另外兩鎮不同，30年來肯特鎮路似乎并無改變，D)是對該句內容的同義轉述，

故為答案。A)“它是一條僅允許機動車通行的大街”和B)“她是一條令人乏味但卻很

時尚的步行街”，在原文均未提及，故排除；C)“它連接了卡姆登鎮和漢普斯蒂

德“，顯然是對原文內容的過度推斷，該段第一句說肯特鎮路在倫敦北部，第三句

說卡姆登鎮在南部，漢普斯蒂德在西部，但并未交代三鎮是否相連，故排除。

58、WhichisthereasonforthesurvivalofcheapershopsonKentishTownRoad?

A、Socialhousingprovidesopportunitiesforcheapershops.

B、VictorianTerraceshelpthesurvivalofcheapershops.

C、Thetouristsmakeupthemainstreamconsumersoftheshops.

D、Cardriversconsumeintheshopswhentheroadisblocked.

標準答案：A

知識點解析?：事實細節題。由定位段可知，肯特鎮有兩種類型的房屋：社會住房和

維多利亞式排屋。根據上下文的語義關系，第三句主語ihis應該指代前文中的

socialhousing,而不是復數名詞terraces,因此有助于低價店鋪生存的是社會住

房，而不是維多利亞式排屋；第三句冒號后的內容，也進一步說明議會租戶不大可

能開車去購物，所以更多的還是依賴于當地商鋪，這些都給低價店鋪提供了更多的

機會，故A)為答案。B)項意思恰恰與A)相反，故排除；C)“游客構成了這些商店

的主流消費者”，該段最后一句提到汽車總量和貨車流量可能遏制了顧客對商店的

光顧，C)表述與此不符，故排除；D)“當道路擁堵的時候，汽車司機會在這些店里

消費”與原文不符，故排除。

59、By"We'renotadestinationhighstreef^Line4-5,Para.3),thelocaltradermeans

that.

A、touristsfindnowheretowanderaboutonKentishstreet

B、Kentishstreetisnotaplacecateringforvisitors

C>shopsonKentishstreetcannotattractbuyers

D、visitorsdonotcomeiobuythingsonKentishstreet

標準答案：B,J

知識點解析：語義理解題。本題考查對該段最后一句話的理解。原文第三句說，不

像倫敦南部的佩卡姆和布里斯頓附近的大街那樣，可以迎合那些遠道而來的非洲顧

客，肯特鎮幾乎沒有吸引人來到這里的專門商店，說明肯特鎮路沒有為迎合顧客而

設的商店，根據上下文的語義邏輯關系，B)“肯特街不是一個迎合觀光客的地方”與

“We'renotadestinationhighstreet”這句話的意思最接近，故為答案。A)“游客發現

肯特街沒什么地方可以逛”、C)“肯特街的店鋪不能吸引購買者”和D)“觀光客來肯

特街不為買東西”在原文中均未提及，故均排除。

60、Inwhatwaydoesthelifeoflocalwealthyresidentsaffectthetown?

A^Theyrebuildthehousesandsetuplargershops.

B、Theirshoppinghabitcausesthedeclineofthelocalbusiness.

C、Theirmovingbackpromotestheprosperityofthestreet.

D、Theyconfinetheirconsumptiontothelocalshops.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：推理判斷題。本題考查當地富有居民的生活對肯特鎮的影響。原文第

五段第三句說“大街上的顧客越來越少”，隨后第四、五句又解釋說“富裕的居民更

可能網上購物或是開車去更大的商店。其中的大多數人會去倫敦西區，向不是當地

的餐廳”，可以推測肯特街生意蕭條的部分原因是受到了富裕家庭購物習慣的影

響，故答案為B)。A)“他們重建了房屋，開設了更大的商店”是對該段第二句的曲

解，原文是說富裕家庭壬原來分隔成公寓的房子重建為大房子，不是開設了更大的

商店，排除；C)“他們的回歸促進了街道的繁榮”，與該段第三句“大街上顧客越來

越少''語義完全對立，排除；D)“他們將消費限定在當地的商店里”明顯與該段第

四、五句意思相反，排除。

61、ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatKentishTown.

A、doesn'tdevelopfastbecauseitsroadsaretoonarrow

B、holdsalargernumberofwhitepopulationthanLondon

C、rejectsnewbusinessesandfulfilskindoflocalprotectionism

D、mayonedaybecomeacommunityforonlywealthyfamilies

標準答案：C

知識點解析：推理判斷題。本題考查肯特鎮的信息。根據第四段可知，當地居民反

對頒發新許可證這類事物，當地的一個商業協會也擅長這種控訴。由此可知，肯特

鎮拒絕新企業入駐，實施地方保護主義，故C)為答案。A)“發展不快是因為道路太

窄”，第二段主要說社會住房促進了廉價商店的存在，而擁堵的道路又阻礙了外來

購物者的進入，因而肯特鎮發展較慢，直接將發展慢歸因于道路窄過于武斷，故排

除；B)“白人數量比倫敦多”，根據第三段可知，肯特鎮白人占當地總人口的

72%,比白人占倫敦總人口的比例還要高，兩個數據說的是人口比例，不是人口的

真實數量，故排除；D)“可能有一天會變成一個只有富裕家庭的社區”，第五段并未

提及，故排除。

Polygraphs,or"liedetectors”,areusedwidelyinAmerica,includingonsexoffenders,

butinBritainmanyremainskeptical.Polygraphsdonotdetectlies.Theymeasure

changesinphysiology,suchasbreathingrate,sweatingandbloodpressure.Tellingliesis

oftenstressfulandcanpromptjumpsinthereadings.Butotherthings—fear,

embarrassment,worriesaboutbeingwrongfullyaccused-candothesame.Enthusiasts

saythatpolygraphsaccuratelydetectlies80-90%ofthetime.TheBritishPsychological

Societycitesstudiesshowingsimilarfiguresbutcautionsthatproblemsintheresearch

meanthattherealrateisprobablymuchlower.And"falsepositive"rates(defininga

truthfulpersonaliar)canbeashighas47%.Boostersofthegovernment'sschemesay

thepointisthatusingpolygraphsencouragessexoffenderstorevealmoreinformation,

before,duringandafterthetest.Ina2010-2011pilotstudyoffenderswhotook

polygraphtestsmademorethantwiceasmany"clinicallysignificantexposures"-

informationthatcouldpromptchangesinthewaytheyarcmanaged—asthosethatdid

not.Manysaidtheywouldnothavedonesowithoutundergoingthetest.JaneWood,a

psychologistattheUniversityofKentwhoco-authoredthereportonthepilot,saysthat

someoffendersfoundthetestshelpfulaswaytoconvincetheirfamiliestheywerebeing

honestabouttheirbehaviour.Otherssaidthatthediscussionspromptedwhentheyfailed

thetesthelpedthembettertounderstandtheconditionsoftheirlicense.Polygraphtests

donotstandontheirown,arguesDonGrubin,aprofessorofpsychiatryatNewcastle

University:theyshouldbeoneofanumberoftoolsusedtoassessoffenders.Nonetheless

someremainuneasy.Thoseusingthetestsmaybecomecontented,worriesAnne

McAlindenofQueen'sUniversity,Belfast,andgivethemexcessiveweight.Inthe

government'sstudy,themoretestsoffenderstook,thefewerlieswerelabeled.That

mightindicatethattheybecamemoretruthful,oritmightsuggestthattheyweregetting

betteratgainingthetest.

62、Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutpolygraphsistrue?

A、TheyarewidelyusedandtrustedbyAmericansaswellastheBritish.

B、Theytestpsychologicalchanges,suchasfear,embarrassmentandworries.

C、Theyareprovedtobeabletodetectliesasaccuratelyhighas80-90%ofthetime.

D、Theymaynotbeasreliableasenthusiasts