話題21不同民族文化習俗與傳統節日主題群三歷史、社會與文化Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024·華中師范大學第一附屬中學適應性考試)FilmingLocationsYouCanActuallyVisitMars(TheMartian)Whenyousearchforalocationtostandinforthesurfaceofanotherworld，TheWadiRumProtectedAreainfarsouthernJordanisagoodplacetostart.Withtheimpressive“vastandechoingandGod－like”landscape，itservedasthebackgroundofMattDamon’s18－monthstayontheredplanetinThe

Martian.JurassicParkTheHawaiianislandswerethelocationsforsomeofJurassic

Park’smostmemorablescenes.KauaiprovidestheroughcoastlineandsomeofthemostbreathtakingfeaturesofthefictionalIslaNublar，whiletherollinghillsofOahu’sKualoaRanchfunctionasthebackgroundoftheGallimimusstampede(逃亡).HobbitonUnliketheotherlocationsinthislist，theShireisawhollyartificialset，builtonasheepfarmonNewZealand’sNorthIsland.CreatedforPeterJackson’sbig－screenadaptationofJ.R.R.Tolkien’sThe

Lord

of

the

Ringstrilogy，Hobbitonbegantodrawcuriousfansshortlyafterthereleaseofthefirstfilmintheseries.Intime，whatbeganasatemporarylocationdesignedtohostathree－monthmovieshoothasevolvedintoaTolkienesquethemeparkwithover350，000visitorsannually.King’sLandingTheHBOseriesGame

of

ThronesbringstolifethemanylocationsofGeorgeR.R.Martin’sfantasyworld，buttheconflictofsex，swords，andtrickeryreachesitspeakinthecapitalofKing’sLanding.The“real”capitalofWesteroscanbefoundinDubrovnik，Croatia.Thecity’s16th－centuryfortresswallsoverlookBlackwaterBay，whiletheparks，avenues，andalleysoftheoldcityhavewitnessedthetriumphsandtragediesofHouseLannister.【語篇解讀】

本文是應用文。文章主要介紹的是可以參觀的電影拍攝地點的相關信息。1.WhichofthefourlocationsshouldyouvisitifyouareabigfanofJ.R.R.Tolkien?A.Mars(The

Martian).

B.JurassicPark.C.Hobbiton.

D.King’sLanding.解析

細節理解題。根據Hobbiton部分的“CreatedforPeterJackson’sbig－screenadaptationofJ.R.R.Tolkien’sThe

Lord

of

the

Ringstrilogy，Hobbitonbegantodrawcuriousfans...”可知，如果你是J.R.R.Tolkien的忠實粉絲，你應該去Hobbiton。√2.WhatdothemovielocationsMarsandJurassicParkhaveincommon?A.Theyarebothonthecoast. B.Theydemonstratemagnificentviews.C.Theycanrepresentanotherworld. D.Theyaresetforonlyonefilm.解析

細節理解題。根據Mars(The

Martian)部分的“Withtheimpressive‘vastandechoingandGod－like’landscape，itservedasthebackground...”和JurassicPark部分的“KauaiprovidestheroughcoastlineandsomeofthemostbreathtakingfeaturesofthefictionalIslaNublar，whiletherollinghillsofOahu’sKualoaRanch...”可知，Mars和JurassicPark的拍攝地的共同之處是它們展示了壯麗的景色。√3.WhatcanvisitorsdoinKing’sLanding?A.Seeancientfortresswalls.B.PlayrolesinGame

of

Thrones.C.VisitGeorgeR.R.Martin.D.Experiencethetriumphsandtragedies.解析

細節理解題。根據King’sLanding部分的“Thecity’s16th－centuryfortresswallsoverlookBlackwaterBay...”可知，游客在King’sLanding可以看看古老的堡壘城墻。√(2024·江蘇南京市第一中學校考模擬預測)Wewerestandingatthetopofachurchtower.Isawtwistingstreetsleadingtothesquare.“See，mydear，”Fathersaidgently.“Thereismorethanonewaytothesquare.”Father’swordsalwaysguidedme.Dreamingofbecomingafashiondesigner，IcametoParis，butwithoutluck.ThenonedayImetafriendwearingabeautifulsweater.“Whataninterestingstitch！”Icried.“ItwasdonebyMrs.Vidian，”myfriendexplained.“ShelearnedthestitchinArmenia，hernativecountry.”SuddenlyIhadadaringidea.Whynotdesign，makeandsellmyownclothes?IdrewabutterflypatternandaskedMrs.Vidiantoknititintoasweater.Itprovedasuccess.ANewYorkstorewanted40sweaterstobereadyintwoweeks.Iacceptedtheorder.Myhappinessdisappeared，however，whenMrs.Vidiantoldmeittookheralmostaweektoknitonesweater.Iwascrushed.ThenIrememberedFather’swords.TheremustbeotherArmenianwomeninPariswhomasteredthespecialstitch.ThenIsearchedforanyArmenianslivinginParis.AtlastItrackeddownseveral.Twoweekslater，thefirstshipmentwasonitswaytotheUnitedStates!Fromthatdayonorderspouredin.Thencameanothertest.AsIwasbusygettingreadytoshowmywinterfashions，thesewinggirlswerecalledoutonstrike.Wherewasthewayoutthistime?Iwonderedandworried.Thenitdawnedonme.Iworkedhurriedly.Andrightontime，myshowtookplace.Somecoatshadnosleeves；somewereonlypatternsmadeofheavycottoncloth，butontheseIattachedmaterialtoshowwhatcolorsandtexturestheclotheswouldhavewhentheywerefinished.Whatashow!OnceagainFather’swordshelpedme.【語篇解讀】

本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了父親說過的“通往廣場的路不止一條”的話一直在指引著作者，幫助作者渡過一次次難關。4.Whatproblemdidthewriterfaceafteracceptingtheorder?A.ItwasimpossibleforVidiantomeetthedeadline.B.Thesewinggirlswerecalledoutonstrike.C.ShefoundithardtotrackArmenianslivinginParis.D.Therewasashortageofsuitablecloth.解析

細節理解題。根據第三段的“Myhappinessdisappeared...toknitonesweater.”可知，作者在接受訂單后，Vidian告訴作者織一件毛衣幾乎要花一周時間，所以Vidian不可能在最后期限前完成任務。√5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thefirstshipment”refertoinParagraph4?A.Rawmaterials. B.Moreorders.C.Thefortysweaters. D.Thespecialstitch.解析

詞義猜測題。根據第三段的“ANewYorkstorewanted40sweaterstobereadyintwoweeks.Iacceptedtheorder.”以及畫線詞上文“ThenIsearchedforanyArmenianslivinginParis.AtlastItrackeddownseveral.”可知，作者找了幾個住在巴黎的亞美尼亞人來完成這四十件毛衣。故畫線詞指的是“四十件毛衣”。√6.Howdidthewriterdealwiththeshowproblem?A.Sheputofftheshow.B.Sheshowedtheclothesunfinished.C.Sheemployedmoresewinggirls.D.Shecompletedtheclothesinahurry.解析

細節理解題。根據最后一段的“Somecoatshadnosleeves...whentheywerefinished.”可知，作者通過展示了未完成的衣服處理展覽問題。√7.Whichofthefollowingmightthewriteragreewith?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Likefather，likeson.C.Easiersaidthandone. D.AllroadsleadtoRome.解析

推理判斷題。根據第一段的“‘See，mydear，’Fathersaidgently.‘Thereismorethanonewaytothesquare.’”并結合文章主要講述了父親說過的“通往廣場的路不止一條”的話一直在指引著作者，幫助作者渡過一次次難關，可推知，作者認同“條條大路通羅馬”。√ManyWesternculturesmeasuretheirdayswiththesolarcalendar.Therefore，they1thecomingoftheNewYearon1January.CulturesinAsiauseothercalendarsandcelebratetheNewYearatothertimes.Eventsandrituals2fromcountrytocountry.Butineachplace，NewYearcelebrationsareabig3.MostworldcultureshavebeencelebratingtheNewYearforcenturies.TheearliestNewYearcelebrationstookplaceduringspringor4time.With5weatherahead，orplentyoffoodtoeat，people6feltlikehavingaparty！Asthedaysbecamelongerandasnaturereneweditself，peoplealsofeltliketheycouldhaveanewstart.TheNewYearcouldbringbetterfortune，moreopportunitiesandnewchallenges.Such7ideasremainthesametoday.Ⅱ.完形填空Somecultureshave8NewYeartraditions.Italiansthrowoldthingsoutoftheirwindowsatmidnight，symbolizingthe9oftheold.PeopleofthePhilippinesfiregunsintotheairtowardoff10.Danesjumpoffchairsexactlyastheclock11midnight，sotheycan“jump”intotheNewYear.GreekchildrenleavetheirshoesbythefireplaceonNewYear’sDay.Theyhopesomeonewillcomeandfilltheshoeswith12.InVancouver，Canada，somepeoplecelebratetheNewYearbyjumpingintotheocean.Theweatherisfreezingcold！Asyoumightexpect，mostpeoplecometowatchtheswimmers13swimthemselves.LondonhostsanannualNewYear’sDayparadethat14nearlyamillionspectators.Itfeaturesbands，floatsandenormousballoons.Theseballoonsaresohugethatthey15overnearbybuildings!【語篇解讀】

本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了多個國家慶祝新年的時間、由來及一些文化中特別的慶祝傳統。1.A.observe B.notice C.expect D.decide

解析

根據下文中的celebrate可知，此處意為“他們在1月1日慶祝(observe)新年的到來”。2.A.happen B.develop C.vary D.hold

解析

根據常識和第三段介紹的多個國家不同的慶祝新年的傳統可知，此處應為國家與國家之間的活動與習慣不同。√√3.A.burden B.reunion C.deal D.success

解析

根據常識可知，在每個地方，慶祝新年都是一件重要的事情(deal)。burden負擔；reunion團聚，重逢；deal大量，交易；success成功。4.A.summer B.harvest C.labor D.leisure

解析

根據下句中的“orplentyoffoodtoeat”可知，此處表示最早的新年慶祝活動是在春天或是收獲(harvest)的時期舉行。√√5.A.colder B.changeable C.extreme D.better

解析

根據上句中的duringspring可知,此處應為由于接下來天氣轉好(better)。6.A.eventually B.naturally C.occasionally D.exactly

解析

此處表示由于接下來天氣轉好或有大量的食物吃，人們自然(naturally)會想要有一個聚會。√√7.A.unique B.challenging C.interesting D.universal

解析

根據上句并聯系常識可知，此處表示這樣共同的(universal)想法(新年能帶來更好的運氣、更多的機會和新挑戰)到如今仍然是一樣的。unique獨特的；challenging有挑戰性的；interesting有趣的；universal共同的。8.A.unusual B.shocking C.silly D.typical

解析

根據下文對意大利人、菲律賓人、丹麥人、希臘人以及加拿大人的特殊的新年慶祝活動的描述可知，此處表示一些國家的文化有自己特別的(unusual)新年慶祝傳統。unusual特別的，不尋常的；shocking令人吃驚的；silly愚蠢的；typical典型的。√√9.A.coming B.departure C.failure D.developing

解析

根據語境并結合常識可知，此處表示意大利人在半夜把舊東西扔到窗外,象征著舊東西的離去(departure)。coming來臨；departure分離，分開；failure失敗；developing發展中的。10.A.animals B.misfortune C.enemies D.poverty

解析

根據上文中的“bringbetterfortune”并聯系常識可知，菲律賓人朝天鳴槍是為了避免厄運(misfortune)。√√11.A.reaches B.rings C.strikes D.shows

解析

根據本句中的clock和midnight并結合常識可知，此處表示當時鐘敲響午夜十二點的時候。strike“鐘敲幾點”是固定搭配。12.A.kisses B.love C.fortune D.gifts

解析

根據常識并結合選項可知，此處表示用禮物塞滿鞋子。√√13.A.aswellas B.soasto C.otherthan D.ratherthan

解析

天氣極為寒冷，所以正如你可能預料的那樣，大多數人來觀看這些游泳者游泳，而不是自己游泳。aswellas也，和；soasto為了；otherthan除了……之外；ratherthan而不是。14.A.draws B.requires C.amuses D.provides

解析

根據語境可知，倫敦主辦一年一度的新年游行，吸引近一百萬觀眾。draw吸引；require要求；amuse逗樂；逗笑；provide提供。√√15.A.watch B.go C.tower D.take

解析

此處應為這些氣球是如此之大，以至于它們超過了附近的建筑物。watchover監視；照看；goover復習；檢查；towerover高出；takeover接管。√(2024·江蘇省蘇北七市高三二模)JingxiTaipingDrumisatraditionalformofdancing.Withitsdisplayofprofoundculturalelements，it1.

(include)inthefirstbatch(批次)ofChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritage(非物質文化遺產)itemsin2006.The2.

(early)historicalreferencesofthisartdatebacktotheSpringandAutumnPeriod.AtthebeginningoftheQingDynasty，itstartedtogain3.

(popular)inandaroundthecapital，andthenitwasintroducedtoMentougouDistrictofBeijing.Ⅲ.語法填空Inancienttimes，thedrumswereplayed4.

NewYear’sEveattheimperialpalacetobringpeace.Asaresult，theperformancealsobecameknownasthe“NewYearDrum”byBeijingers.Thistypeofdrumdanceiscommonlyseen5.

(perform)duringthelastandfirstmonthofthelunaryearinmanylocalfestiveactivities，thusexpressing6.

(people)hopeofapeacefulandprosperousyeartocome.Duringagivenperformance，drummersperformvariousdancemoveswhile7.

(hold)thedrumintheirlefthandsandamalletintheirrighthands.TraditionalChineseaesthetic(美學的)conceptsarereflectedinthedrumplaying，allof8.

representdistinctivelocalfeatures.Inthepastdecades，efforts9.

(make)byMentougouDistricttopreservethissignaturefolkdanceculture.Today，thetime－honoredfolkartoftheJingxiTaipingDrumisbeingtakenupbytheyoungpeople10.

ispresentingitslivelyartisticcharm(魅力)onaglob