話題25科技發展與信息技術創新，

信息安全主題群四科學與技術Ⅰ.閱讀理解TheBigThinkersSeriesfromNew

Scientisteventsfeaturesfouronlinetalks，coveringawiderangeoftopicsbyworld－classscientistspeakersandexperts.Ifyouarecuriousaboutyourplanetoryouruniverse，thenthisseriesisyourplacetohearthelatestresearch.Save￡20offthestandardticketpricebypurchasingaseriestickettoallfourtalksintheBigThinkersSeries(availableondemand)orpurchasesingleticketsforjust￡13perlecture(availablebyearlybooking).Reality＋：FromtheMatrixtotheMetaversewithDavidChalmersInthistalk，philosopherDavidChalmersarguesthatMetaverse－stylevirtualworldsexperiencedthroughheadsetsarealsogenuineandmeaningfulrealitiesandwecanliveameaningfullifeinVR.WhatWedon’tKnowAboutGravitywithClaudiadeRhamWeareallfamiliarwiththeconceptofgravity.Inthistalk，ProfessorClaudiadeRhamwillexplorehowmuchweactuallyknowaboutgravityandhowmuchmorethereislefttouncover.ABriefHistoryofTimekeepingwithChadOrzelFromStonehengetoatomicclocks，hereisthe5，000－yearhistoryofhowscienceisusedtomarktime.ChadOrzel，theinternationallybestsellingauthorofHow

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Teach

Quantum

Physics

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Dog，offersusawittyjourneythroughscientifictheoryandquirky(離奇的)historicaldetail.PhysicsattheEndoftheUniversewithKatieMackTheBigBangtheorytellsthestoryofthebeginningoftheuniverseforthelast13.8billionyears.Buthowdoesthestoryend?JoinastronomerKatieMackassheshareswhatmodernastrophysics(天體物理學)tellsusaboutthefinalfateoftheuniverse.【語篇解讀】

本文是應用文。文章是一則廣告，介紹《新科學家》舉辦的大思想家系列活動的四場在線講座。1.Howmuchdoesaseriesticketcost?A.￡13. B.￡20.C.￡30. D.￡32.解析

數字計算題。根據第二段“Save￡20offthestandardticketpricebypurchasingaseriestickettoallfourtalks...orpurchasesingleticketsforjust￡13perlecture”可知，單場的票價是13英鎊，購買一個系列可以節約20英鎊，因此買一個系列的票價為：4×13－20＝32(英鎊)。√2.WhatwillChadOrzellecturein?A.Thegenuinereality.B.Thesecretsofgravity.C.Thehistoryoftimemarking.D.Thefinalfateoftheuniverse.解析

細節理解題。根據ABriefHistoryofTimekeepingwithChadOrzel部分的“FromStonehengetoatomicclocks，hereisthe5，000－yearhistoryofhowscienceisusedtomarktime...throughscientifictheoryandquirkyhistoricaldetail.”可知，ChadOrzel的講座是關于時間標記的歷史。√3.Whatdothefourtalkshaveincommon?A.Theyareallaimedatsciencelovers.B.Theyareallconcernedwithgravity.C.Theywillallbegivenbybestsellingauthors.D.Theywillallbegivenbyexcellentphysicians.解析

細節理解題。根據第一段的“Ifyouarecuriousaboutyourplanetoryouruniverse，thenthisseriesisyourplacetohearthelatestresearch.”可知，這四個講座的共同之處是它們都是針對科學愛好者的。√(2024·湖北沙市中學模擬預測)Mostofusspendourlivessurroundedbyscreens，whichofferusconvenienceaswellasconnectionandanoceanofinformation.Butsinceit’seasytofeelpressuredtokeepupwitheverynotification，technologymayfeelmorelikeaburdenthanablessing.Thus，theideaof“digitaldetox”isbecomingincreasinglyinviting.Thephrase“digitaldetox”describesgettingridofTV，phones，computersandotherformsoftechnologythatcontrolourlivesforaperiodoftime.Someexpertsadvocatecompletelyavoidingunnecessaryscreentimefor30years.Otherssuggestusinganappthatwilllimittheamountoftimeonecanspendoncertainwebsites.Athirdoptionisloggingoutineveningsoronweekends.Otherssimplyturntheirphonesoffatscheduledtimes.Someevenpayhighpricestotakevacationsinplaceswheretheycanunplugfromtheirdigitalroutine.Whymightyouwanttotakeadigitaldetox?Perhapsyoufindthatyouarespendinglongerthanyouintendoncertainappsorthattheydistractyoufrommoreimportantthings.Perhapssocialmediaisdepressingbecauseyoucompareyourselftoothersoryoufearmissingoutonthingsthatotherpeopleareenjoying.Constantnegativenewscanalsogiverisetoalotofstress.Technologycanalsohavephysicaleffects.Manypeopleexperiencebackorneckpainasaresultofbendingoverscreens.Thebluelightcomingfrommostscreenscanalsoaffectpeople’ssleepbypreventingproductionofmelatonin(褪黑激素).Givingupallscreensmaynotberealistic，butstrategicbreaksfromtechnologymaybegoodforyourbody，mind，emotionsandrelationships.Itishightimethatyoupickedatimetoturnoffyourdevicesandfocusonreallyimportantthings.【語篇解讀】

本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了“數字脫癮”，以及數字產品給我們帶來的影響。4.Whydoestheauthorsay“technologymayfeelmorelikeaburdenthanablessing”inparagraph1?A.Toconfirmaconcept. B.Topresentaproblem.C.Toexplainarule. D.Tomakeaprediction.解析

寫作意圖題。根據第一段中“Mostofusspendourlivessurroundedbyscreens...tokeepupwitheverynotification”可知，科技帶來了便利，但人們也會容易感到有壓力，所以作者說“技術可能更像是一種負擔，而不是一種祝福”是為了呈現問題，引出話題“數字脫癮”。√5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unplug”inparagraph2mean?A.Recover. B.Benefit.C.Escape. D.Suffer.解析

詞義猜測題。根據第二段中“Thephrase‘digitaldetox’describesgettingridofTV...controlourlivesforaperiodoftime.”可知，“數字脫癮”是指擺脫電視、電話等數字生活，所以此處unplugfromtheirdigitalroutine是指擺脫數字生活，unplug是“擺脫，脫離”的意思。√6.Whichcouldbethereasonforonetostart“digitaldetox”？A.Appsselectiondifficulty.B.Fearofmissingimportantthings.C.Exposuretofalsenews.D.Pressurefromsocialcomparison.解析

細節理解題。根據第三段中“Perhapssocialmediaisdepressing...thatotherpeopleareenjoying.”可知，一個人可能開始“數字脫癮”的原因是把自己和別人比較，也就是來自社會比較的壓力。√7.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Torecommendhealthylifestyles.B.Tocallforreducingtheuseofdigitaldevices.C.Togiveinstructionsonstartingdigitaldetox.D.Topresentdifferentattitudestodigitalproducts.解析

寫作意圖題。根據最后一段中“Givingupallscreensmaynotberealistic...toturnoffyourdevicesandfocusonreallyimportantthings.”可知，作者認為是關掉你的設備專注于重要的事情的時候了，可以推測出文章的目的是呼吁減少使用數碼設備。√Itwasjustatypicalmorningofanordinaryworkday.Iwasatthe1，onmywaytothelabwhereIwasapostdoctoralfellow.Butsomethingbeganto2insidemeasIwatchedthepeoplearoundme—headphoneshangingfromtheirears，3castdown，unsmilingfaces.Theylookedunhappy.AndIrealizedthatIwasoneofthem.Suddenly，Icouldnolonger4withmyworklifeandbookedaone－waytickettoflyhome.Overtheyears，Ihadgrownmore5duetothepressureoffinishingmyPh.D.ThosewhocouldhavebeenpartnersbecamecompetitorsIdislikedandtheeffectofthiscompetitionwasexactlythe6ofwhatIhadhopedfor.Ibegantofeellonelyand7.Ibecamelessandlessproductiveinmyscientificwork.I8mybreakingpointthatdayatthebusstop.Ihadtoendthis.Iemailedmyprofessors，explainingthatIhadputthe9firstandmyselfsecondfortoolong.Ⅱ.完形填空ShortlyafterIgotbackhome，Istartedtoreceivesomeemailsfrommyworkmates—Iguessedtheyexpectedmetojointhemagainsoon.Afterafew10askinghowIwas，intheemailsmanyexpressedtheirstressofacademiclife.Vulnerableresearcherswere11theirheadsoutoftheirshells(殼)，seekinghelp.Itoccurredtomethatweall12sometimes，andourvulnerability(脆弱)seemedsomuchalikethatI13myselffromallthathadbotheredmefordays.Actuallyitcanbea14game，insteadofonewhereonesidegainswhiletheothersideloses.Workingwithothersandaskingforhelpdoesn’tmakemycontributions15：itmeanswecanallsucceed.【語篇解讀】

本文是夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者在等公交車去實驗室的時候，發現周圍的人行色匆匆，并不快樂，意識到自己太長時間把自己的職業放在了第一位，而忽視了自身的快樂。作者認為：與他人合作并尋求幫助并不會讓自己的貢獻變得不重要；這意味著我們都可以成功。1.A.cafeshop B.bookstore C.supermarket D.busstop

解析

A.cafeshop咖啡店；B.bookstore書店；C.supermarket超市；D.busstop公交車站。根據下文“onmywaytothelab”可知，作者要去實驗室，在公交站等公交車。2.A.awaken B.tackle C.settle D.disappear

解析

A.awaken覺醒；B.tackle處理；解決；C.settle安排；D.disappear消失。根據下文“IrealizedthatIwasoneofthem”可知，當作者看到別人戴著耳機眼睛低垂不茍言笑的時候，覺醒到自己也是其中之一。√√3.A.nose B.eyes C.neck D.arms

解析

A.nose鼻子；B.eyes眼睛；C.neck脖子；D.arms胳膊。根據下文“Theylookedunhappy”可知，作者在說面部表情，所以應該是眼睛低垂。4.A.go B.continue C.combine D.exchange

解析

A.go去；B.continue繼續；C.combine聯合；D.exchange交換。根據下文“bookedaone－waytickettoflyhome.”可知，作者產生了厭倦之心，不愿意再繼續工作生活。√√5.A.mature B.academic C.competitive D.positive

解析

A.mature成熟的；B.academic學術的；C.competitive有競爭力的；D.positive積極的。根據下文“duetothepressureoffinishingmyPh.D”可知，作者有完成博士學位的壓力，所以變得更加愛競爭。6.A.output B.alternative C.case D.opposite

解析

A.output產量；B.alternative可供選擇的事物；C.case情況；例子；D.opposite相反的東西。根據上文“ThosewhocouldhavebeenpartnersbecamecompetitorsIdisliked”可知，競爭的結果不是作者希望的，是與作者的希望相反的。√√7.A.inspired B.lost C.pure D.guilty

解析

A.inspired受啟發的；B.lost迷失的；C.pure純潔的；D.guilty內疚的。根據上文“ThosewhocouldhavebeenpartnersbecamecompetitorsIdisliked”以及“Ibegantofeellonely”可知，作者因失去了不想失去的東西而感到孤獨，分析四個選項，B項“lost(迷失的)”含義與句子表達的含義一致。8.A.spotted B.marked C.hit D.set

解析

A.spotted看見；B.marked標記；C.hit擊打；碰觸；D.set放置。根據下文“mybreakingpoint”可知，在公交車站，作者的壞情緒達到了極限，分析四個選項，hitthebreakingpoint為固定短語，含義為：達到了崩潰的極限。√√9.A.evaluation B.adaptation C.comprehension D.occupation

解析

A.evaluation評估；B.adaptation適應；C.comprehension理解；D.occupation職業。根據上文“Ihadtoendthis”以及下文“myselfsecondfortoolong”可知，作者向教授解釋自己把職業放在第一位的時間太長了。10.A.jokes B.lines C.calls D.accounts

解析

A.jokes笑話；B.lines行；C.calls電話；D.accounts賬戶。根據上文“ShortlyafterIgotbackhome，Istartedtoreceivesomeemailsfrommyworkmates”可知，作者在看別人寫給他的信。√√11.A.sticking B.standing C.bringing D.figuring

解析

A.sticking伸出；B.standing站；C.bringing帶來；D.figuring弄明白。根據下文“theirheadsoutoftheirshells”可知，此處作者使用比喻的手法，把脆弱的研究人員比喻成烏龜，從殼子里面伸出頭尋求幫助。12.A.choke B.urge C.suffer D.hesitate

解析

A.choke噎住；B.urge敦促；C.suffer遭受痛苦；D.hesitate猶豫；根據下文“ourvulnerabilityseemedsomuch”可知，作者感受到了每個人都有遭受痛苦的時候。√√13.A.discouraged B.banned C.freed D.prevented

解析

A.discouraged使……灰心；B.banned禁止；C.freed解脫；D.prevented預防。根據下文“fromallthathadbotheredme”可知，作者把自己從幾天來困擾自己的一切中解脫出來。14.A.brand-new B.non-controversial C.so-called D.win-win

解析

A.brand-new嶄新的；B.non-controversial不會引起爭議的；C.so-called所謂的；D.win-win雙贏的。根據下文“insteadofonewhereonesidegainswhiletheothersideloses”可推理出，這是一場雙贏的游戲。√√15.A.unimportant B.improper C.irregular D.illogical

解析

A.unimportant不重要的；B.improper不合適的；C.irregular不規則的；D.illogical不合邏輯的。根據下文“itmeanswecanallsucceed”可知，作者認為與他人合作并尋求幫助意味著我們都可以成功，并不會讓我的貢獻變得不重要。√(2024·山東省濰坊市高三二模)DoctorsintheJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicinehavefollowedthemeal－timehabitsofmorethan500peopleforsixyears，1.

(find)weightchangeismostaffectedbythesizeand2.

(frequent)ofmealsratherthantheinterval(間隔)fromfirsttolastmeal.Itchallengesthepopulartrendofintermittentfasting(禁食)3.

ausefulweightlossstrategy.Intermittentfasting，alsoreferredtoastime－restrictedfeeding，isadietarystrategywhereallmeals4.

(consume)duringashortwindowoftimeeachday.Thesewindowscanextendfrom6to10hours，resultinginapersonessentiallyfastingforupto18hourseachday.Ⅲ.語法填空Theideareveals5.

isnolinkbetweenthetimeofaperson’seatingwindoweachdayandweightchanges.“Basedonotherstudiesthathavecomeout，including6.

(we)，wearestartingtothinktimingofmealsmostlikelydoesn’tproduce7.

instantimpactonweightloss，”saiddoctorBennett.“Whatdoesmatter，however，isthetotalnumberofmediumandlargemealsapersoneatsovertheday.”Itsuggestssimplyeatingsmallermeals，lessfrequently，is8.

ultimatelyleadstoweightloss.Allofthisdoesn’tmeanintermittentfastingstrategieswon’thelp.Butwhatdoesseemincreasinglyclearisthattheweightlossbenefitsoccasionally9.

(see)withtheseeatingstrategiesmaybeprimarilydrivenbyareducedcaloricintake.Itdoesn’tmeanyou