必修三Unit2MoralsandVirtues單元培優(yōu)綜合測試卷

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

（2024·青海西寧·三模）It’sCommunityDayagain!

TheeventthatMapleEstateresidentsareeagerlylookingforwardtoisjustaroundthecorner!Asusual,the

MapleResidents’Committeehasplannedaprogrammethatisdesignedtopromotecommunityspirit.MapleEstate

hasbeencelebratingCommunityDayeverymonthformorethanayear.Bynow,wehopeallourresidents

understandtheimportanceofformingstrongbondswithourneighbours.Ifyouhavejustmovedtoourlovely

estateandhavenothadtheopportunitytoknowyourneighbours,youcandosobyjoiningatCommunityDay!

AugustHighlight:MapleEstateChefs

Callallresidentswhoarekeentopracticeyourcookingskillsandletyourneighbourssampleyourcooking!

Youwillbethestarsoftheupcomingevent!Visitwww.maplerc.sgformoreinformationandtoregisterforthis

activity.Kitchenequipmentandbasicingredientswillbeprovided.

Youwillreceivea$50shoppingvoucherthatyoucanusetopurchaseotheringredientsfromMapleMartthe

daybeforetheevent.Remembertoregisterbefore21July,2024!Wearesureeveryonewillenjoythedelicious

dishes!

Time:From10a.m.to6p.m,6Aug.,2024

Place:MapleCommunityClub

Entry:FlashyourMapleResidentCard

“MywifeandImovedtoMapleEstatewhenwegotmarried.Forafewmonths,wespentallourfreetime

afterworkdoingupourhouse.Eventhoughweknewthatourneighbourswerefriendlyandwouldsometimes

inviteusfortheirgatherings,wewereoccupiedwithgettingthingsready.However,itwasn’tlongbeforewegrew

curiousabouttheCommunityDaycelebrations.Afterwestartedattendingthemregularly,wemetmanyneighbours.

Thefirsttimeweinvitedsomeofthemover,weplayedgamesthathelpedustogettoknowoneanotherbetter!”

—Mr.Wang,aMapleEstateresidentsince2022

1．WhatdotheCommunityDayeventsaimtodo?

A．Toteachhowtocookmeals.B．Todevelopcommunityspirit.

C．Tomeetdiverseneedsofneighbours.D．Tomakethecommunitycleaner.

2．WhatdoyouhavetodoifyouwanttotakepartintheMapleEstateChefs?

A．Tosignupbefore21July,2024.B．Toprovidebasicingredients.

C．Touseyourownkitchenequipment.D．Topayaregistrationfeeof$50.

3．Mr.andMrs.Wangdidn’tsocializewiththeirneighboursmuchatfirstbecause______.

A．theyspentalltheirtimeatwork

B．theyweren’tinvitedforthegatherings

C．theywerebusybeautifyingtheirhome

D．theylackedinformationaboutthecommunity

B

（2024·湖南長沙·三模）In2009,KevinPearcewasattheheightofhisprofessionalsnowboardingcareer

andboundfortheWinterOlympics.Butinaninstant,itcametoanend.Duringtraining,hestruckhisheadonthe

edgeofapipe,resultinginatraumatic(創(chuàng)傷的)braininjury.Itchangedthecourseofthethen-22-year-old’slife.

Hehadtorelearnhowtowalkandtalkandessentiallystartover.HisolderbrotherAdamquithisjoband

movedacrossthecountrytohelphimthroughrehab.

Heeventuallystarteddoingyoga,andhisfamilysawhowittransformedhimandgavehimasenseofhope:

“ItwasthefirsttimeIremembersoclearlycomingoutofaclasswithhimandjustseeinginhisfacethisnew

expression,thisnewperson.”AdamPearcesaid,“Wewerelike,‘Weneedtofigureoutwhyandhowthatjust

happened.’”

Wantingtobringhopeandhealingtoothersthroughyogaandmeditation(冥想).AdainandKevin

co-foundedtheLoveYourBrainFoundationin2014.Thenonprofitoffersweek-longmeditationsand

community-basedyogaclassesacrosstheUnitedStatesforpeoplewhoarelivingwithlong-termbrain-related

disabilities.“Ithinkpeoplefeelisolatedafterbraininjurybecausetheydon’tfeelable,andwhenyoudon’tfeel

able,yougenerallyretreatbackinside.”Adamsaid,“Attheseretreats,peoplearegiventhespacetoleanintothose

deepchallengesandexpressthemandtalkaboutthem.”

Ultimately,theorganizationaimstocreateasafespaceandsupportivecommunitywherepeoplewith

brain-relateddisabilitiescanhealtogether.“Connectionhappensquicklybecausethere’ssuchasharedcommon

understandingamongthegroup.”Adamsaid.“Oncesomeoneseessomeonebevulnerable,itinstantlyallowsthe

nextperson(tobe).Bytheend,peoplestarttoseevulnerabilityasasuperpower.”

4．WhatpreventedKevinfromcareerdevelopment?

A．Aseverebraincancer.B．Anewtrainingroutine.

C．Adevastatingaccident.D．Asnowboardingtest..

5．WhydidKevinstartdoingyoga?

A．Topickupsnowboarding.B．Toregainrespect.

C．Torecoverfrombraininjury.D．Tolearnhowtomeditate.

6．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheLoveYourBrainFoundation?

A．Costly.B．Ambitious.C．Diverse.D．Healing.

7．Whatsectionofthewebsitemightthetextbefound?

A．Natureanduniverse.B．Socialinnovations.

C．Technologicaldiscoveries.D．Themagicalworld.

C

（2024·廣東廣州·三模）InSwitzerland,anambitiousproposalcouldseetheconstructionofanexpansive

undergroundnetworkthroughwhichself-drivingpods(吊艙)wouldtransportgoodsacrossthecountry.

Theproject,calledCargoSousTerrain(CST),isintendedtoreducetherelianceontrucksformovingcargo.

Globaldemandforfreight(貨物)transportationisgrowing,justasmuchoftheworldisseeingashortageoftruck

drivers.Meanwhile,higherfuelpriceshavemaderoadtransportationmoreexpensive,whiletransportingfreightby

roadaccountsforaround6%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.

Ifbuilt,thenetworkwouldstretchroughly500kilometersfromGenevainthewestofSwitzerlandtoSt.

Galleninthenortheast,andbecompletedaround2045.Thenetworkoftunnelswillbe40to80metersbelow

groundandtheautonomouspodswilldrivealongthreelanesataround30kilometersperhour.Andthecargowill

beloadedandunloadedatdesignatedhubs(樞紐)employingliftstotakegoodstoandfromthesurface.

TheprojectwasapprovedbytheSwissgovernmentin2021.Althoughthere’salongwaytogobefore

constructioncanbegin,earlierin2023CSTbeganitspreliminaryworkinthefield—exploratorydrillingalongthe

H?rkingen-Niederbipproute.

ThebiggestchallengeforCSTwillbetheexpense.CSTestimatesthatitwillcostaround30billionSwiss

Francs($34billion)fortheentirenetwork.Theprojectwillbeentirelyprivatelyfunded,withinvestorsincluding

CreditSuisse,Coop,andSiemens.Althoughahugeamountoffundingstillneedstobefound,muchofthe

technologyfortheautomationandoperationofthenetworkalreadyexists.Anotherkeychallengeisworkingout

howtotransportfreightabovegroundfromthetunnelstostoresincities—withoutaddingtoroadtraffic.

Despiteallthehurdles,PatrikAellig,headofcommunicationforCST,remainsoptimistic.CSTis“atthe

forefront”ofundergroundfreighttransport.

8．WhatmainlyledtotheprojectCST?

A．Expensivetruckdrivers.B．Seriousshortageoffuel.

C．Environmentalconcern.D．Heavyfreighttransportation.

9．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?

A．Topresentthewaythenetworkwillwork.B．Toprovideablueprintofthenetwork.

C．Toprovetheefficiencyofthenetwork.D．Toshowtheadvancementofthenetwork.

10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“preliminary”meaninparagraph4?

A．Innovative.B．Significant.C．Preparatory.D．Constructive.

11．WhatisagreatchallengeforCST?

A．Absenceoffund.B．Lackoftechnology.

C．Last-miledelivery.D．Transportsafety.

D

（2024·河南信陽·模擬預(yù)測）Researchersaretrainingrobotstoperformanever-growingnumberoftasks

throughtrial-and-errorreinforcement(強化)learning,whichisoftenlaboriousandtime-consuming.Tohelpout,

humansarenowemployinglargelanguagemodel(LLM)AI.AteamatNVIDIAResearchdirectedanAIprotocol

(協(xié)議)poweredbyOpenAI’sGPT-4toteachasimulation(模擬)ofarobotichandnearly30complextasks,

includingthrowingaball,pushingblocks,pressingswitches,andsomeotherseriouslyimpressiveabilities.

NVIDIA’snew“AIagent”EurekausesGPT-4byaskingthelargelanguagemodeltowriteitsown

reward-basedreinforcementlearningsoftwarecode.Accordingtothecompany,Eurekadoesn’tneedcomplicated

remindersorevenpre-writtenpatterns;instead,itsimplybeginsexperimentingwithaprogram,andthenfollows

anyexternalhumanfeedback.

Inthecompany’sannouncement,Linxi“Jim”Fan,aseniorresearchscientistatNVIDIA,describedEureka

asauniquecombinationofLLMsandsimulationprogramming.“WebelievethatEurekawillenablerobotsto

controlitemsflexiblyandprovideanewwaytoproducephysicallyrealisticanimationsforartists,”Fanadded.

Aftertestingitstrainingprotocolwithinanadvancedsimulationprogram,Eurekathenanalyzesitscollecteddata

anddirectstheLLMtofurtherimproveuponitsdesign.Theresultisaprotocolcapableofsuccessfullynumbering

avarietyofrobotichanddesignstooperatescissors,turnpensandopencupboardswithinaphysics-accurate

simulatedenvironment.

Eureka’salternativestohuman-writtentrial-and-errorlearningprogramsaren’tjusteffective—inmostcases,

they’reactuallybetterthanthoseauthoredbyhumans.Intheteam’sopen-sourceresearchpaperfindings,

Eureka-designedrewardprogramsoutperformedhumans’codeinover80percentofthetasks—amountingtoan

averageperformanceimprovementofover50percentintheroboticsimulations.

“Reinforcementlearninghascontributedtoimpressivewinsoverthelastdecade,yetmanychallengesstill

exist,suchasrewarddesign,whichremainsatrial-and-errorprocess,”saidAnimaAnandkumar,anAIresearcher.

“Eurekaisthefirststeptowarddevelopingnewalgorithms(算法)thatintegrategenerativeandreinforcement

learningmethodstosolvehardtasks.”

12．WhyisAIusedforthetraining?

A．Tosimplifyrobots’tasks.B．ToadvertiseOpenAI’sGPT-4.

C．Tospeedupthetrainingprocess.D．Torecognizeartists’roleinartcreation.

13．WhatdoesEurekaneedtodointhetraining?

A．Designrewardprograms.B．Copypre-writtenpatterns.

C．Getcomplicatedreminders.D．Avoidhumanintervention.

14．HowdoesAnimaAnandkumarfindEureka?

A．Itisstillpoorattherewarddesign.B．Itshouldlearnfromhardtasks.

C．Ithasfewchallengestosolve.D．Itisofpioneeringsignificance.

15．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A．Trial-and-errorlearningprogramsarepromising.

B．Robotscanfinishcomplextasksthroughlearning.

C．Reinforcementlearningimprovesroboticsimulations.

D．AIcanbetterteachasimulatedrobotichandtoperformtasks.

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

（2024·遼寧·模擬預(yù)測）It’snormalforteenagerstofeelnervous,butifnervousnesspreventsyoufrom

speakingupinclassormakingfriends,youmayhaveacommonconditionknownassocialanxietydisorder.To

overcomeit,youneedtotakesomemeasures.

Practicedeepbreathingtoeaseanxiety.Ifanxietyhitsbeforeapresentationorrightbeforethebellringsto

change,takeafewdeepbreathstocalmdown.16

Trytomakeeyecontactandsmileatpeople.Makingcasualconversationwithotherkidsatschoolmayseem

toodifficult.17Brieflymakingeyecontactandflashingasmilehelpsyouseemcool,sotheymaycome

upandtalktoyou.

Channelyouranxietyintoacreativeactivity.18Theseactivitiesnotonlybringaboutpositive

self-worth,butthey’llalsotemporarilytakeyouawayfromworries.What’smore,creativeactivitiesalsoallowyou

toreleaseanxietyandturnitintosomethingspecial,likeasongorapainting.

19Ifyouhavefriendsorsiblings(兄弟姐妹)yourage,considertalkingtothemaboutsocial

anxiety.Sharesomeofyourfearsandaskthemforsupport.Forexample,youmightaskyoursiblingifit’sokayto

sitwiththematlunchsoyou’renoteatingalone.

Practiceexposingyourselftofearsomesituationsgradually.20Makeaplantoexposeyourselfto

thesesituations,startingwiththosecausingtheleastanxiety.Forexample,youmightstartexposingyourselfto

eatingincommonareasatschool.

A．Signupforaband,drama,orart.

B．Talktotrustedonesandaskfortheirhelp.

C．Thus,avoidface-to-facecommunicationatfirst.

D．Youcan’texpecttobefreeofanxietyovernight.

E．Youcanstartbytryingtopresentyourselfasapproachable.

F．Sitdownwithatrustedpersonandlistthesituationsthatcauseanxiety.

G．Thisisahandytoolyoucanalwaysusetogetahandleonyouranxiety.

第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

（2024·湖北襄陽·三模）Iwas68whenIfirststeppedonstageasastandupcomedianin2003.I'dneverset

footin21before.I'vealwaysbeena(n)22—I'veworkedasasinger,actorandmusician—

butallthatcametoanendafter9/11.IliveinNewYork,andwewatchedthe23towersfallfrommy

apartmentbuilding.Forayearafterwards,nobodywantedtogooutorbe24.

ItwasthenthatIstartedtothinkabout.comedy.Irealisedpeopleneededtolaugh,toenjoythemselvesagain,

andthoughtthatwithalittle25Icoulddoit.Itookafewclasses,triedtoworkoutaroutine,andfinally

26thecouragetogetuponstage.Thatfirsttimewasterrifying.Ihadnoideawhattheaudiencewould

27ofme.

InNewYork,comediansare28youngmenwithbeards.It'shardenoughto29

throughasawoman,evenharderassomeoneoldenoughtobetheirgrandmother.AsIsteppedonstagethatfirst

time,peoplelaughednervously.Theywereclearly30toseeme.Iintroducedmyself,statedmyageand

triedmyfirstjoke.Therewas31ButbythetimeIgottothethirdline,peoplewereproperlylaughing.I

was32.

Nowmysetsdiffer.Imightbeonstagefor10minutesinfrontofadozenpeople,ormyone-womanshowis

afullhourinfrontofacrowdof100.

Afterashow,peopleyoungandoldcomeuptome,sayingwhata(n)33Iam,Theysaytheywant

tobeasactiveasmewhenthey34myage,I'mpleasedIcanshowthatasanolderpersonyoudon't

needtotakea35seatinlife.

21．A．comedyB．tragedyC．dramaD．mime

22．A．a(chǎn)udienceB．performerC．workerD．producer

23．A．modernB．beautifulC．grandD．picturesque

24．A．entertainedB．seenC．a(chǎn)ctiveD．public

25．A．exerciseB．practiceC．trainingD．meditation

26．A．heldonB．gottogetherC．tookupD．pluckedup

27．A．makeB．becomeC．a(chǎn)pproveD．a(chǎn)llow

28．A．exclusivelyB．typicallyC．rarelyD．occasionally

29．A．pullB．seeC．getD．break

30．A．a(chǎn)musedB．expectedC．surprisedD．indifferent

31．A．silenceB．hesitationC．disbeliefD．a(chǎn)pplause

32．A．boredB．a(chǎn)ddictedC．disinterestedD．unexpected

33．A．reminderB．motivationeC．challengeD．inspiration

34．A．reachB．a(chǎn)rriveC．a(chǎn)pproachD．surpass

35．A．dominantB．leadingC．backD．passive

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

（2024·山東濟南·模擬預(yù)測）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Larou,orpreservedmeat,isawinterseasonspecialtyinChina.Theyarecustomarilymadeduringthelast

lunarmonthonthe36(tradition)Chinesecalendarwhenthetemperatureiscool37not

freezingtodryandpreservethesestaples.Larou,generallyreferstoporkproductswhileothercuredmeat,lawei,

ismadeacrossChina38(depend)onlocalavailability,usinggoose,duck,rabbit,andevenseafood.

Thepreservedmeat39(consider)aformofculturalheritageinmanyplaces.Similartobacon,the

Chinesepreservedmeatismadewithlargequantitiesofsalt,someof40aresmokedoverwithfire

41(achieve)moreflavor.TherearemanykindsofpreservedmeatinChinawith42(incredible)

diverseingredientsandrecipes,bringingawiderangeofflavorsfromsweettohot.

Eachregionhasitsownseasoningandflavorprofile.TheCantonese43(vary)issweet,flavored

withsugar,ricewine,andsoysauce.InSichuan,ittendstobehotter,seasonedwithchilipepperandSichuan

pepperpowder.Bothofthemaregreatchoices44ingredientsfordisheslikefriedriceandvegetable

stir-fry.CuredpoultryproductsarecommonlyfoundinSouthChina.Theyareslaughtered,butchered,andrubbed

withalcoholbeforesalting,which45(dry)outthemeatandpreventsbacteriagrowingonit.

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(滿分15分)

（2024·廣東廣州·模擬預(yù)測）英國一所友好學(xué)校的師生將到你校訪問。你將作為學(xué)生代表在歡迎晚會上致辭，

并贈送學(xué)生們自制的文創(chuàng)禮物。請你用英語寫一篇歡迎辭，包括以下內(nèi)容：

1．表示歡迎；

2．介紹禮物。

注意：

1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Goodevening,dearfriends!…

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第二節(jié)(滿分25分)

（2024·廣東廣州·模擬預(yù)測）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的

短文。

AnInsignificantTask

Thedaywhenthejobswerehandedoutwasoneofthemostexcitingforallthechildrenintheclass.Ittook

placeduringthefirstweekoftheterm.Onthatday,everyboyandgirlwasgivenajobforwhichtheywouldbe

responsiblefortherestofthatschoolyear.

Aswitheverything,somejobsweremoreinterestingthanothers,andthechildrenwereeagertobegivenone

ofthebestones.Whengivingthemout,theteachertookintoaccountwhichpupilshadbeenmostresponsible

duringthepreviousyear,andthosechildrenweretheoneswhomostlookedforwardtothisday.Amongthem,Rita

stoodout.Shewasakindandquietgirl.Duringthepreviousy