推理判斷解題技巧

推理判斷題要求考生根據文章提供的線索和事實進行邏輯推理，推測作者未提到的事實或某事發生的可

能性，將間接論據連貫起來，得出一個合理的結論。合理，就是論推理有事實根據，而不是讀者主觀臆斷

的。推理判斷題常以infer，imply，suggest，conclude,learn，intend，mean，describe，purpose等詞提問。

提問中往往含有表示推測的情態動詞，如can，could，might,would等和其他表示可能性的副詞，如probably，

mostlikely等。

所謂推斷就是從已知的事情中推測未知的事情。這里所說的未知是指文章或作者沒有直接說明但已暗

示出來，或者根據作者提供的信息，可能引出的必然性結論。所以推斷類題目盡管不能在文章中直接找到

答案，但我們可以在文章中找到可供推論的依據。還有一個重要的技巧就是排除法的適當運用。很多錯誤

選項的排除要靠我們對于文章事實和細節的準確把握。因此我們也要相應加強對于文章事實細節的訓練。

常見的技巧方法一般有如下幾類：

方法：在理解原文表面信息的基礎上，做出判斷和推理。得出其隱含意義和深層意思。考查對閱讀材料

全篇的邏輯關系的理解，對文章各段，各句之間的邏輯關系的理解能力。依據文章事實，得出得出符合邏

輯的結論。

陷阱：①文章直接言明的內容，這不是推斷出來的（凡是推斷題一定不選原文信息的同義表述）②注

意干擾項與文章內容有細微區別。（推理判斷一定要合情合理，有理有據，依據事實，切不可主觀臆斷）

③察言觀色，依據作者所陳述的細節、事實以及作者的措詞、態度和語氣，找出能夠表露作者思想

傾向和感情色彩的詞句，然后利用自己已獲得的相關知識進行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結論。

方法1邏輯推理法

邏輯推理法，即根據上下文及其相互間的關系，對文章片段或全文進行深層理解來解答題目。常以時

間關系、條件關系、因果關系、比較關系、轉折關系等作為推理根據，有時甚至還得聯系作者的意圖、態

度等弦外之音。主要考查學生對文章細節的理解和邏輯思維的推斷能力。

ThebestwaytolearnEnglishistohaveagoodenvironment.TakenotesinEnglish,putEnglishbooksaround

yourroom,listentoEnglishradios,watchEnglishnews,moviesandTVprograms.SpeakEnglishwithyour

friendswheneveryoucan.ThemoreEnglishmaterialsthatyouhavearoundyou,thefasteryouwilllearnit.

Manypeoplethinkthatexercisesandtestsaren'tmuchfun.However,bydoingexercisesandtakingtestsyou

canreallyimproveyourEnglish.Ifyounevertestyourself,youwillneverknowhowmuchyouaremaking

progress.

Accordingtothepassage,Englishexercisesandtestsare______.

A.verynecessaryB.nothelpfulatall

C.veryboringD.notimportant

Step1：定位到段：分析理解題干和選項后，結合題干關鍵詞“Englishexercisesandtests”可定位至第二段。

Step2：定位到句：定位至線索句“However,bydoingexercisesandtakingtestsyoucanreallyimproveyour

English”

Step3：定位答案：根據文中However,bydoingexercisesandtakingtestsyoucanreallyimproveyourEnglish

可知，通過做練習和參加考試，你可以真正提高你的英語水平，即做練習和測試非常有必要。故選A。

方法2觀點態度判定法

觀點態度判定法，就是從作者的措詞、語氣或對某個細節的把握來推斷作者在整篇文章中所表現出來

的態度，以及對事物的評價。主要考查學生對于作者陳述事件時所表達出的個人觀點態度的推斷能力。

WhattheprimaryschoolinFuzhouisdoingisworthpraising.Doingchorescanputasenseofresponsibility

intostudents'mindsandteachthemthespiritofrulesaswellasteamwork.Also,itcanmakestudents'in-school

experiencesmoremeaningful.

Whatdoesthewriterthinkofdoingchores?

A.Hethinksit'sawasteoftime.

B.Hethinksit'stheparents'job.

C.Hecan'tunderstand.

D.Hethinksit'sgoodforstudents.

Step1：定位線索句題干詢問作者對于做家務的態度，關鍵詞是doingchores，由此定位線索句為“Doing

chorescanputasenseofresponsibilityintostudents'mindsandteachthemthespiritofrulesaswellasteamwork.

Also,itcanmakestudents'in-schoolexperiencesmoremeaningful.”；

Step2：分析線索句線索句意為“做家務可以讓學生有責任感，教會他們規則和團隊合作的精神。此外，它

可以使學生的在校經歷更有意義。”，由此可知作者對于做家務的態度是積極的，是支持認可的；

Step3：選定答案結合選項可知，begoodforstudents對學生有益符合作者的觀點態度，正確答案為D。

方法3目的意圖判定法

目的意圖判定法，就是根據文章內容推斷出作者的寫作意圖。主要考查學生對作者闡述的目的進行歸

納總結和分析的能力。

Thereare5billiontonsofplasticwasteintheworld.By2050,theycouldhave13billiontons.

Muchofplasticrubbishfindsitswayintotheocean.Scientistssay165milliontonsofplasticpiecesare

floating(漂浮)aroundoutthere.Itharmsoceanlife.Plasticrubbishevenendsupinthefoodweeat.

Thoughitishardwork,itcanbesolved.InBritain,peoplearenotallowedtouseplasticbagsexceptin

hospitals.ScotlandandseveralcoastalcitiesintheUSstoppeoplefromusingplasticstrawsaswell.

Thepurposeofthepassageismainlyto______.

A.introducesomewaystorecyclewaste

B.tellreadersabouttheproblemwithplastics

C.compareairpollutionandplasticpollution

D.describehowtheUSisreducingplasticwaste

Step1：分析理解題干：核心詞匯理解purpose目的；

選項理解：A.介紹一些回收廢棄物的方法B.告訴讀者塑料的問題C.比較空氣污染和塑料污染D.

描述美國如何減少塑料垃圾；

Step2：概括文章大意：通讀全文可知，本文介紹了塑料垃圾的污染問題及其危害，還有各國政府采取的措

施；

Step3：定位答案：目的是告訴讀者塑料帶來的環境問題。正確答案為B。

方法4文章出處判定法

文章出處判定法，就是根據文章的語言、用詞、格式、內容等推斷出文章的出處，如雜志、報紙、網

絡等。主要考查學生對各種文章出處的特點和常識的掌握能力，以及對文章的體裁和題材的準確把握能力。

Haveyoueverwantedtoachieveagoalandendedupdoinglotsofresearchonhowtoachieveit?Asyoulearned

moreandmore,itseemedyouknewlessandless.Thatisbecausewhenyoulearnedanewconcept(概念),you

foundthattherewasalotmoretoknowaboutit.

Usually,peoplethinktheyneedtogetmoreandmoreinformationbeforetryinganewidea...

Oneofthebestwaystolearnistotakeactionandlearnfromtheresults...

Learningmoreisgreatbutifallyou'redoingislearningandnottakingaction,it'stimetochangethat.Just

takethefirststep.

Wecanusuallyreadthepassagein______.

A.astorybookB.anewspaper

C.anadvertisementD.aguidebook

Step1：題干選項理解：明確試題考查點為“文章出處”，選項釋義如下：

A.astorybook故事書B.anewspaper報紙

C.anadvertisement廣告D.aguidebook導游指南

Step2：總結歸納文章大意：通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了學習更多固然是很好的，但是如果你所做的只

是學習而不是實踐，那么是時候改變現狀，邁出第一步了。

Step3：定位答案：由此可推知，本文更有可能在報紙當中出現。正確答案為B。

方法5讀者對象判定法

讀者對象判定法，就是根據文章內容推斷出文章是針對哪個群體閱讀的。主要考查學生的概括和推斷

能力。

Whatcanyoudowithcyberbullying(網絡欺凌)?

Ifsomeoneisnotkindtoyou,tellanadultthatyouknoworlike.Forexample,talktoaparentorateacher.

Ifyougetbadmessages,don'treply.Youshouldsavethemandgivethemtoyourteacher,yourfamily,orthe

police.Askanadultforhelp.Don'tshareanythingbeforeyoumakesureitistrue.

Saysorryifyouarenotkindtosomeone.Youcanwriteamessageortalktotheperson.Andalwaysremember:

thinkabouthowtobekindinthefuture.

Thispassageismainlywrittenfor______.

A.teachersB.parentsC.childD.thepolice

Step1：題干選項理解：明確試題考查點為“讀者對象”，選項釋義如下：A.teachers老師B.parents父母C.

child孩子D.thepolice警察

Step2：概括文章大意及線索句：通讀全文可知本篇文章主要介紹了如何應對網絡欺凌，特別是第二段中If

yougetbadmessages,don'treply.Youshouldsavethemandgivethemtoyourteacher,yourfamily,orthepolice.

可知，當你收到有害信息時，你應該把它們交給老師、家長或警察。

Step3：定位答案：根據文章大意及線索句可知，本文主要是寫給孩子的。確定答案為C。

方法6寫作目的判定法

目的意圖判定法，就是根據文章內容推斷出作者的寫作意圖。主要考查學生對作者闡述的目的進行歸

納總結和分析的能力。

Thereare5billiontonsofplasticwasteintheworld.By2050,theycouldhave13billiontons.

Muchofplasticrubbishfindsitswayintotheocean.Scientistssay165milliontonsofplasticpiecesare

floating(漂浮)aroundoutthere.Itharmsoceanlife.Plasticrubbishevenendsupinthefoodweeat.

Thoughitishardwork,itcanbesolved.InBritain,peoplearenotallowedtouseplasticbagsexceptin

hospitals.ScotlandandseveralcoastalcitiesintheUSstoppeoplefromusingplasticstrawsaswell.

Thepurposeofthepassageismainlyto______.

A.introducesomewaystorecyclewaste

B.tellreadersabouttheproblemwithplastics

C.compareairpollutionandplasticpollution

D.describehowtheUSisreducingplasticwaste

Step1：分析理解題干：核心詞匯理解purpose目的；選項理解：A.介紹一些回收廢棄物的方法B.

告訴讀者塑料的問題C.比較空氣污染和塑料污染D.描述美國如何減少塑料垃圾；

Step2：概括文章大意：通讀全文可知，本文介紹了塑料垃圾的污染問題及其危害，還有各國政府采取的措

施；

Step3：定位答案：目的是告訴讀者塑料帶來的環境問題。確定答案為B。

方法7論證方式判定法

論證方式判定法，就是對文章提出的觀點舉例子，列數字，作比較等方式去支撐文章中提出的觀點，

證明觀點的合理性。主要考查學生對題干的理解，及線索句的定位和理解能力。

TheInternetofthingsmaybecomingsoonerthanyouthink.Itisreportedthatduringhisspeechearlierthisyear,

Samsung(三星)CEOBKYoonspentalotoftimetalkingabouttheInternetofthings.Hesaidthatfiveyears

fromnow,everySamsungproductwillbepartoftheInternetofthings,whetherit?sawashingmachineora

vacuumcleaner(吸塵器).

TheSamsungCEO’sspeechismentionedtoprove(證明)that____

A.SamsungproducedtheInternetofthingsinthepast.

B.TheInternetofthingswillcomeintoourdailylifesooner.

C.HespentalotoftimetalkingabouttheInternetofthings

D.SamsungproductsarepartoftheInternetofthings.

Step1：分析理解題干：題干理解“提到三星首席執行官的演講是為了證明......”；選項釋義，A.三星過去生

產物聯網。B.物聯網將更快地進入我們的日常生活。C.他花了很多時間談論物聯網D.三星的產品是物

聯網的一部分；

Step2：定位線索句：根據Hesaidthatfiveyearsfromnow,everySamsungproductwillbepartoftheInternetof

things,whetherit?sawashingmachineoravacuumcleaner(吸塵器).可知引用三星CEO的這段話，主要是為了

證明第一句話：物聯網的到來可能比你想象的要早。

Step3：定位答案：結合線索句分析可知其前后是例證關系。ACD三項均與段落大意無關，確定答案為B。

方法8篇章結構判定法

篇章結構判定法，就是對文章整體的結構，或者段落中某事件的結構進行分析總結，常以排序或結構

圖示等來考查。主要考查學生對整體文章內容的理解和概括能力。

Aroundtheworld,peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwhatgoodmannersare.

Whenyougotorestaurantsindifferentpartsoftheworld,it’simportanttoknowtherightandwrongthingsto

do.Forexample,inChina,it’sOKtomakealotofnoiseinarestaurant.Infact,ifarestaurantisn’tnoisyorlively,

youmaythinkthere’ssomethingwrongwithit.However,inmanywesterncountries,restaurantsarequietplaces.

Ifatableistooloud,otherpeopleintherestaurantmightevencomplaintotheowneroftherestaurant.

Payingthebillisalsodifferentfromcountrytocountry.InChina,onepersonusuallypaysforeverybody.In

westerncountries,onepersonpayswhenheorsheisentertainingclients,butwhenfriendseattogether,they

usuallysharethecost.Thisiscalled“GoingDutch”.Also,whenWesternerspaythebill,theyusuallyleavesome

moneyforthewaiter.Thisiscalled“leavingatip”.Leavingatipisthoughttobepolite.IntheUS,peopleare

expectedtotipbetween15%and20%ofthebill,whichisdecidedbyhowgoodtheserviceis.Goodwaiterscan

makealotofmoney!

Differentcountrieshavedifferentcustoms.Whenyoutraveltoanothercountry,pleasefollowitscustoms,just

asthesayinggoes“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”

Ifweputthepassageintothreeparts,whichofthefollowingisthebest?

(①=Para.1②=Para.2③=Para.3④=Para.4)

A.①;②③;④B.①;②;③④C.①②;③;④D.①;②③④

Step1：分析理解題干：分析題干可知，本題考查點是“文章結構”；

Step2：分析文章每段的段落大意：第一段先總的來說人們對于好的禮儀有著不同的觀點；第二段和第三段

分別講西方國家和中國在超市或飯店里的一些現象以及人們付錢的不同；第四段總結全文，當我們去別的

國家旅游的時候要入鄉隨俗。

Step3：定位答案：結合每段的段落大意可知，全篇文章屬于總-分-總的結構，確定答案為A。

（2023·廣東廣州·統考中考真題）

Comeon,Amy.YoumustTRYHARDER.Amytoldherselfsilently.Shewasinherclass’

Second-Day-of-SchoolGamewithherteammates,whomsheonlymetyesterday.Thiswasherfirstchanceto

makenewfriends,andshewasnervous.

SofarAmyhadn’tgivenanyusefulsuggestions—afterall,shewastotallynewtothistown.Luckily,noone

seemedtocareaboutit.Thisrelaxedheralot.

SincetheBlueTeamleftthepark,theyhadworkedoutthefirsttwoclues(線索)andhadbeentothepost

office.Nowtheywereinfrontofthecinema.

Henrywasreadingaloudthethirdclue:Gotoourtownfounder’slastrestingplace.

IknowTHISONE!Amythought,excited.

“Tothecemetery(墓地)”Cindysaid.

“No,wait!”Amysaid.“I’vereadaboutit.Thefounderwasburiednearthelibrary.”

“Wow.I’vewalkedbyeveryday,”Tylersaid.“Neverknewthat!”

“Goodjob!Thatwillsavevaluabletime,”CindysmiledatAmy.

“Westillneedtohurry,”Tylerreminded,pointingtotheYellowTeamcomingnear.

“Iknowashortcut!”Henrysuggested.“Followme!”Noonemoved.

“No,seriously,”Henrysaid.“YouknowI’malwaysrunninglate.Iknoweveryshortcutintown.”Theothers

finallyagreed.

Afewsharpturns,andtheywerethere!ThistimeAmyreadthecluealoud:Nowgototheplacewherethe

footballisrunningaround!

“Thefootballstadium!”Theycalledouttogetherandstartedtorun…

Nowthey’dgotthefinalclue:Lookwhereyou’vebeen,seewhereyouare.Useyourmapwiselyand

you’llbeastar!

Lookingcloselyatthemap,everyonethoughthard.

“Aha!Astar!”Cindysuddenlybrokethesilence.Shequicklytookoutapencil.

Astheywatchedherdrawinglinesonthemap,everyoneunderstood.

Theybeganrunningbacktowheretheystarted.Theywerecloserandcloser,andfinallycrossedthefinish

line-justonestepbehindtheRedTeam!

“So…close…”Tylermadeaface,andtheyalllaughedtogether.

“Nicejob,newgirl,”CindygaveAmyahigh-five.

“Thatwasreallyfun,”saidHenry.“Ihopewe’llbeonthesameteamsoon.”

“Me,too,”Amyagreed,smiling.

1．WhatdoesthebeginningofthestorytellusaboutAmy?

A．Shedidn’twanttoplaythegame.B．Shewasanewstudentinherclass.

C．ShewasamemberoftheRedTeam.D．Shedidn’tunderstandthegamerules.

2．WhydidtheteamletHenryleadthewayatlast?

A．Heranfastestintheteam.B．Theydidn’tknowtheway.

C．Theytrustedhisrichexperience.D．Hewasbestatplayingthegame.

3．Wherewasthefinishlineofthegame?

A．Inthepark.B．Nexttothepostoffice.

C．Infrontofthecinema.D．Outsidethelibrary.

4．WhydidAmysmileattheendofthestory?

A．Herteamcameinfirst.B．Shewasacceptedasafriend.

C．Shenolongerfeltnervous.D．Therewouldbeagamesoon.

【答案】1．B2．C3．A4．B

【導語】本文主要講述了艾米在新的團隊中發揮了作用，最終她被當作朋友接受的故事。

1．推理判斷題。根據“Thiswasherfirstchancetomakenewfriends,andshewasnervous.”以及“SofarAmy

hadn’tgivenanyusefulsuggestions—afterall,shewastotallynewtothistown.”可推斷艾米是班里的新學生。

故選B。

2．推理判斷題。根據“Henrysaid.‘YouknowI’malwaysrunninglate.Iknoweveryshortcutintown.’Theothers

finallyagreed.”（亨利說。“你知道我總是遲到。我知道城里所有的近路。”其他人最終同意了。）可知團隊

最后讓亨利帶路是相信他豐富的經驗。故選C。

3．推理判斷題。根據“SincetheBlueTeamleftthepark,theyhadworkedoutthefirsttwoclues(線索)”可知最

開始的地方是在公園；根據“Lookwhereyou’vebeen,seewhereyouare.Useyourmapwiselyandyou’llbea

star!”（看看你去過哪里，看看你在哪里。明智地使用你的地圖，你將成為一個明星！）結合圖片可知，走

過的路線要形成一個五角星，結合“Astheywatchedherdrawinglinesonthemap,everyoneunderstood.”和

“Theybeganrunningbacktowheretheystarted.”可知比賽的終點線在公園，故選A。

4．推理判斷題。根據“‘So…close…’Tylermadeaface,andtheyalllaughedtogether.”以及“Ihopewe’llbeon

thesameteamsoon.”可知，艾米在故事的結尾笑了是因為她被當作朋友接受了。故選B。

（2023·河南·統考中考真題）

Plunk!Idroppedanotherpecan(山核桃)intomybasket.Thenagentleautumnwindblewsomemoreoffthe

tree.Irantopickthemup.Whew!Pecanpickingwashard.Mybasketwasonlyhalffull.

Iwasvisitingmygrandpa’sfarminKansas,andGrandpasentmeintothewoodstopickuppecansforusto

enjoylater.Iwasn’tabouttolethimdown.

Thensomethingcaughtmyeye:asquirrelpickedupapecan,climbedupatreeanddisappearedintoalarge

hole.Amomentlater,thesquirrelclimbeddowntothegroundtopickanotherpecan.Onceagain,hetookthe

pecanbacktohissecrethidingplaceinsidethehollow(洞)ofthetree.

Notsosecretanymore,Ithought.Iranovertothetreeandfoundthehollowwasfilledwithsweetpecans.

Theywererightthereforthetaking.Thiswasmychance.Handfulbyhandful,Itookallthepecansfromthe

hollow.Nowthebasketwasfull!

Iwassoproudofmyself.Icouldn’twaittoshowGrandpaallofthepecansI’dcollected.

“Look,Grandpa,”Ishouted,“lookatallofthepecansIfound!”

Grandpatookalookatmybasket.“Well,well,howdidyoufindsomany,Jimmy?”ItoldhimhowI’d

followedthesquirrelandtakenthepecansfromhishidingplace.Grandpacongratulatedmeonfindingout

somethingaboutthesquirrel’shabits.Thenhedidsomethingthatsurprisedme.Hehandedthebasketbacktome

andputhisarmgentlyaroundmyshoulders.

“Thatsquirrelworkedveryhardtocollecthiswinterfood,”hesaid.“Nowthatallofhispecansaregone,

don’tyouthinkthatlittlesquirrelwillbeveryhungrywhenitgetscold?”

“Ididn’tthinkaboutthat,”Isaid.

“Iknow,”Grandpasaid.“Butagoodmanshouldnevertakeadvantageofsomeoneelse’shardwork,eventhe

squirrel’s.”

SuddenlyIfeltashollowasthatoldtree.Theimage(形象)ofthathungrysquirrelwouldn’tleavemymind.

TherewasonlyonethingIcoulddo.

…

根據材料內容選擇最佳答案。

1．Whydidthewritergotothewoodsatthebeginningofthestory?

A．Topickuppecans.B．Tocatchlittleanimals.

C．Tofeedthesquirrels.D．Tolookforhisgrandpa.

2．Thewriterwasproudofhimselfbecause________.

A．hewaspraisedbyhisgrandpa

B．hefoundouthisgrandpa’ssecret

C．hehelpedthesquirrelinthehollow

D．hefilledhisbasketwithsomanypecans

3．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGrandpa?

A．Kindandwise.B．Caringandhumorous.

C．Shyandfriendly.D．Patientandhard-working.

4．Whatisthepossibleendingtothestory?

A．Thewritersentthepecanstohisneighbors.

B．Thewriterputallthepecansbackintothehole.

C．Thewriterhidthepecansinhisgrandpa’shouse.

D．Thewriterenjoyedallthepecanswithhisfamily.

5．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．AnunusualtreeB．Thestolenpecans

C．AsmartsquirrelD．Themagicbasket

【答案】1．A2．D3．A4．B5．B

【導語】本文講述了作者把松鼠樹洞里的山核桃據為己有，帶回家給爺爺看，爺爺告訴他：一個好人不應

該竊取別人的勞動成果。

1．細節理解題。根據“Grandpasentmeintothewoodstopickuppecans”可知，作者去樹林里摘山核桃。故

選A。

2．細節理解題。根據“Nowthebasketwasfull!Iwassoproudofmyself.Icouldn’twaittoshowGrandpaallof

thepecansI’dcollected.”可知，作者自豪是因為他在籃子里裝滿了山核桃。故選D。

3．推理判斷題。根據“Hehandedthebasketbacktomeandputhisarmgentlyaroundmyshoulders.”和爺爺說

的話“Nowthatallofhispecansaregone,don’tyouthinkthatlittlesquirrelwillbeveryhungrywhenitgets

cold?”，“Butagoodmanshouldnevertakeadvantageofsomeoneelse’shardwork,eventhesquirrel’s.”可知，爺

爺沒有責備作者，而是耐心地告訴他不應該竊取別人的勞動成果，拿走松鼠的食物，冬天它會挨餓。由此

可知，爺爺是善良并且有智慧的。故選A。

4．推理判斷題。根據最后一段“SuddenlyIfeltashollowasthatoldtree.Theimage(形象)ofthathungry

squirrelwouldn’tleavemymind.TherewasonlyonethingIcoulddo.”可知，作者明白了自己做的事情會傷害

那只松鼠，所以他接下來會把山核桃送回松鼠的樹洞中。故選B。

5．最佳標題題。文章通過講述作者拿走松鼠山核桃的故事告訴我們：一個好人不應該竊取別人的勞動成

果。B項“偷來的山核桃”適合做標題。故選B。

（2023·江蘇連云港·統考中考真題）

SeiichiSano,an89-year-oldJapaneseman,ridesawaveatKataseNishihamaBeach,Thursday,March30,

2023.Hehasbeenrecognizedastheoldestmaletosurf（沖浪）bytheGuinnessWorldRecords.

Butmaybehewilljustkeepsurfing.“IthinkitwouldbeinterestingtotrytosurfuntilI’m100,”Sanosaid.

“IthinkItakebettercareofmyselfwhenIhavedreamslikethis.Evennow,ItakebettercareofmyselfthanIdid

before.”

Sanosaidhegottheideatotrysurfingfromaworkerathislocalbank.Theman’sskinwasalwaysdarkand

hedidnotlooklikeausualworker.Hissecrettokeephealthyandenergetic,hesaid,wassurfing.So,Sanofound

ateacher.

Sanogetsoutmostweekendsontheblack-sandbeach.“Idon’tconsidermyselfanoldman,”hesaidinhis

wetsuit,boardstandingnexttohim.“Ihaveneverthoughtofmyselfasanoldperson.IalwaysfeelthatIcanstill

moveforward.Icanstilldoit.Icanstillenjoyit.”

SeveralyoungstudentswhoalsoworkwithSano’ssurfteachertalkedaboutSano.

“Ithinkagedoesn’tmatterinsurfing,”a12-year-oldsurfersaid.

“Heissoamazing,”addedhisyoungerbrother.

“Tobehonest,Iwassurprisedbyhisage,”saidSano’ssurfingteacher.“Iwasworriedthathewouldgethurt.

Ididnotknowhowfithewas.”

Sanostillworks9-to-5athisjob.Surfinghelpsmakehimlessstressed.“Peopleoftensaythatsurfingislife

itself,”hesaid.“Ithinkitistrue.”

1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“recognized”inparagraph1probablymean?

A．Led.B．Given.C．Accepted.D．Collected.

2．Paragraph3mainlytellsus________.

A．whereSanolearnttosurfB．whySanotriedsurfing

C．howSanoplannedtosurfD．whenSanowentsurfing

3．FromthewordsoftheyoungstudentsandSano’ssurfteacher,wecaninfer________.

A．theyrespectSanoverymuchB．Sano’sageinfluenceshissurfing

C．they’reworriedaboutSano’sworkD．Sanoisoftenhurtwhenpractising

4．Accordingtothepassage,weknowSano________.

A．istoooldtostartsurfingB．getsboredwithsurfing

C．feelsstressedaftersurfingD．enjoysalotfromsurfing

【答案】1．C2．B3．A4．D

【導語】本文主要介紹了被吉尼斯世界紀錄認定為年齡最大的男性沖浪者SeiichiSano。

1．詞句猜測題。根據“Hehasbeenrecognizedastheoldestmaletosurf（沖浪）bytheGuinnessWorldRecords.”

可知，他被吉尼斯世界紀錄認定為年齡最大的男性沖浪者。recognized意為“認定”，與accepted同義。故

選C。

2．段落大意題。根據“Hissecrettokeephealthyandenergetic,hesaid,wassurfing.So,Sanofoundateacher.”

可知，第三段講述他嘗試去沖浪的原因。故選B。

3．推理判斷題。根據“Ithinkagedoesn’tmatterinsurfing”和“Tobehonest,Iwassurprisedbyhisage”可知，

師生們很佩服他沖浪沒有受到年齡的限制，可推測他們都很尊重他。故選A。

4．推理判斷題。根據“Surfinghelpsmakehimlessstressed.‘Peopleoftensaythatsurfingislifeitself,’hesaid.‘I

thinkitistrue.’”可知，沖浪有助于減輕他的壓力。他認同“沖浪就是生活本身”這種說法，說明他很喜歡沖

浪。故選D。

（2023·山東濟南·統考中考真題）

Warmingtemperaturesandshorterwintersmightsoundliketheendofsnowdays.However,rising

temperaturesmayactuallycausesnowstormstodumpmoresnow,saysDavidRobinson.Heisaprofessorata

universityinNewJersey.Hestudiesclimate(氣候)change.

TemperaturechangeisoneofthegreatestinEarth’sclimatechangeoveralongperiodoftime.Itcanhappen

naturallyorbecauseofhumanactivities,suchasburninggasandcoal.Burningthesefuelsproducescarbon

dioxide(二氧化碳)andotherpollutantsintotheatmosphere,whichholdheatintheatmosphere,leadingto

warmerglobaltemperaturesovertime.

Buthowcouldwarmertemperaturesleadtomoresnow?Togetsnow,youneedmoisture(水汽)andfreezing

temperatures(0℃orless),saysRobinson.Withoutmoistureintheair,thereisnoprecipitation(rainorsnow).

Robinsonsaystherearesignsthatsnowstormsarebecomingstronger.Thisisbecauseofthisconnectionbetween

moistureandprecipitation.

“Thewarmertheairbecomes,themoremoistureitholds.So,ifit’swarmingandstillcoldenoughtosnow,

youcangetmoresnow,”Robinsonsays.

Ofthe10biggestsnowfallsinD．C．region,fivehappenedinthepast25years,accordingtotheNWS.

Duringthatsametimeperiod,averagewintertemperaturesinD．C．increased.In1996,theaveragewinter

temperaturewas1.8℃.In2020,itwas6℃.

Weatherexpertssuggestthatrisingtemperaturesmaymakewintershorterandlesscold.Butfornow,the

snowisstillfalling.Oneday,wintermightnothaveanydaysbelowthefreezingtemperature.Oncetemperatures

stayabovefreezing,snowstormsbecomerain.Untilthen,wemightcontinuetoseestrongstorms.

AccordingtoRobinson,thattimecouldcomesoonerthanwethink.Hesays,“Whenwelookback,years

fromnow,wemayseethatthiswasthebreakingpoint.”

1．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A．HowEarth’sclimatechanges.B．Whatcausesrisingtemperatures.

C．Whatproducescarbondioxide.D．Howpollutioninfluencesclimate.

2．Whatwillthewarmingtemperaturescauseaccordingtothetext?

A．Lesscoal.B．Drierweather.

C．Longerwinters.D．Strongersnowstorms.

3．Whatisthepurposeofparagraph5?

A．TointroduceD．C．

B．Toreportthebiggest10snowstorms.

C．TosupportRobinson’sideas.

D．Toshowtheincreaseoftemperatures.

4．WhatdoesRobinsonthinkofthefuturewarmingtemperatures?

A．Impossible.B．Serious.C．Meaningless.D．Amazing.

5．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A．Asciencemagazine.B．Astorybook.

C．Asciencefiction.D．Atravelguide.

【答案】1．B2．D3．C4．B5．A

【導語】本文主要講了溫度上升與更多的暴風雪是否有關系的問題。

1．主旨大意題。根據“Burningthesefuelsproducescarbondioxide(二氧化碳)andotherpollutantsintothe

atmosphere,whichholdheatintheatmosphere,leadingtowarmerglobaltemperaturesovertime.”可知，第二段

主要介紹了導致氣溫上升的原因。故選B。

2．推理判斷題。根據“Robinsonsaystherearesignsthatsnowstormsarebecomingstronger.Thisisbecauseof

thisconnectionbetweenmoistureandprecipitation.”可知，變暖的溫度會導致更強的暴風雪。故選D。

3．推理判斷題。根據“Ofthe10biggestsnowfallsinD.C.region,fivehappenedinthepast25years,…average

wintertemperaturesinD.C.increased.In1996,theaveragewintertemperaturewas1.8℃.In2020,itwas6℃.”

可推知，作者在第五段通過陳述華盛頓地區的事實，進一步印證了Robinson的觀點。故選C。

4．推理判斷題。根據“Oneday,wintermightnothaveanydaysbelowthefreezingtemperature.”以及“According

toRobinson,thattimecouldcomesoonerthanwethink.”可推知，Robinson認為未來全球變暖，氣溫升高會很

嚴重。故選B。

5．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講了溫度上升與更多的暴風雪是否有關系的問題。故可推知，

文章可能來源于一本科學雜志。故選A。

（2023·山東濟南·統考中考真題）

Agardenismuchmorethanjustcreatingabeautifulenvironment.Itcanbeawaytosaveorevenmake

moneyand,morethanthat,itcanbeaplacewhereyoucanexpressyourself.Forme,it’sabitofallthesethings.I

knowitmaysoundstrangefora13-year-oldgirltobeinterestedingardening,butIhavealwaysbeenandIwould

lovetomakeacareer(職業)outofit.

Ihavelearnedmanythingsthesepastfewyears.Ihavebeenreadingaboutanddoingsomegardening.So,

hereismytopadviceaboutgardening.First,youdonotneedtospendalotofmoneytohaveabeautifulgarden.

SomeofthegardensthatIthinkaretheprettiestarejustlinesofplants.Therearen’tmanygardendecorations(裝

飾)andpathways.It’sjustbeautifulplantswithfruitsandvegetables.Wecanalsofindmanyusefulthingsforfree,

frompiecesofoldwoodtooldpotsandpans.Or,wecanbuildthingsforfreefrommaterialsthatotherpeople

havethrownaway.

Ifyoujustrememberthatplantingwhatismorethanyouneedwilltakethestressawayoflosingsomeplants,

youwillsaveyourselfalotofworry,too.Besides,youneedtoaskyourselfwhichplantsproduceenoughfoodto

makethemworthgrowing.Iactuallysatdownanddidthemathsonthatonethisspring.Itamazedmewhatso