專題02閱讀理解推理判斷題

目錄

題型綜述........................................................................2

解題攻略........................................................................3

題型01細(xì)節(jié)推斷題..............................................................3

題型02因果推斷題...............................................................5

題型03態(tài)度及觀點判斷題........................................................6

題型04猜測及想象推理題........................................................7

題型05寫作意圖推理題..........................................................8

高考練場......................................................

變式演練......................................................

0.題型綜述_________________________________________

?題型簡介

?推理判斷題是高考英語閱讀理解中的重要題型，著重考查考生在理解文章字面意思的基礎(chǔ)上，對文章

深層含義的推理和判斷能力。它要求考生依據(jù)文章提供的信息，通過邏輯推理、歸納總結(jié)、分析判斷

等思維過程，得出文章隱含的意義、作者的意圖、觀點態(tài)度等內(nèi)容。這種題型難度相對較高，因為答

案不能直接從原文中獲取，需要考生具備較強(qiáng)的綜合理解能力。

?文章題材廣泛，無論是記敘文、說明文還是議論文都可能涉及推理判斷題。考生需要在理解文章主題、

結(jié)構(gòu)、細(xì)節(jié)等多方面內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行推斷。

?命題類型

?推斷隱含意義：這類題目要求考生從文章的字里行間推斷出沒有明確表述的深層含義。例如，通過對

人物的語言、行為和所處環(huán)境的描寫，推斷出人物的性格特征或潛在情感；或者根據(jù)事件的發(fā)展，推

測事件可能帶來的潛在影響。通常提問方式有“Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageabout…?”"The

passageimpliesthat...^^

?推斷作者意圖：主要是判斷作者寫這篇文章的目的，是為了提供信息、(inform)、進(jìn)行娛樂(entertain)、

表達(dá)觀點(expressopinions)＞發(fā)出呼吁(appeal)還是其他意圖。例如，在一篇關(guān)于環(huán)保問題的文章

中，作者可能是在呼吁人們關(guān)注環(huán)境，減少污染。提問方式如"What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthis

passage?”"Theauthor'sintentionis

?推斷觀點態(tài)度：要求考生領(lǐng)會作者或文中人物對某一事物的看法或態(tài)度，這種態(tài)度可能是積極的

(positive)＞消極的(negative)＞中立的(neutral)、懷疑的(skeptical)等。例如，通過分析作者在

描述某個新科技產(chǎn)品時所使用的詞匯，如“remarkable"“ground-breaking”可能表示作者持積極態(tài)度；

而“problematic""controversial”可能暗示消極或質(zhì)疑的態(tài)度。提問方式有"What'stheauthor'sattitude

towards...?,,ltThetoneofthepassagecanbedescribedas...”

?預(yù)測文章后續(xù)內(nèi)容或事件發(fā)展趨勢：根據(jù)文章已有的內(nèi)容和情節(jié)發(fā)展，猜測接下來可能發(fā)生的事情或

者文章下一部分可能討論的主題。比如，在一個故事的情節(jié)發(fā)展到主人公面臨一個艱難的抉擇時，題

目可能會問"What'slikelytohappennextaccordingtothepassage?"

?解題思路

?立足原文內(nèi)容：推理判斷必須以文章內(nèi)容為依據(jù)，不能脫離原文進(jìn)行主觀臆斷。仔細(xì)閱讀文章，理解

文章的主題、結(jié)構(gòu)和細(xì)節(jié)信息，找出與題目相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵部分。

?尋找線索和暗示：關(guān)注文章中的關(guān)鍵詞、連接詞、修辭手法等，這些可能是推理的重要線索。例如，

“however”“therefore”等連接詞可以幫助我們理解作者的思路和觀點變化；比喻、象征等修辭手法可能

暗示作者的情感傾向。

?分析邏輯關(guān)系：考慮文章中的因果、對比、類比等邏輯關(guān)系。如果文章提到某種現(xiàn)象是由某個原因引

起的，那么在推理時可以依據(jù)這個因果關(guān)系進(jìn)行推斷；如果是對比不同事物的特點，就可以從對比中

得出對這些事物的評價。

?排除干擾選項：對于不符合原文邏輯和信息的選項要果斷排除。有些選項可能本身內(nèi)容正確，但與題

目要求的推理判斷無關(guān)；有些選項可能是過度推斷，超出了原文所提供的范圍。

?命題方式

【常見考法】推理題經(jīng)常使用的提問方式有：

Itcanbeinferred/concludedthat.

Whichofthefollowingconclusionscanwedrawaccordingtothepassage?

Inwhichofthefollowingpublicationwouldthispassagemostlikelybeprinted?

Thepassageimplies,butdoesn'tdirectlystatethat

Thewritersuggeststhat.

Whafstheauthor'sattitudetoward?

Thewriterprobablyfeelsthat.

Theauthorusestheexamplesof...toshowthat.

除此之外，還要注意幾個誤區(qū)：

①原文信息的簡單重復(fù)，并不是推斷出來的結(jié)論。

②文中無關(guān)緊要或片面推出的結(jié)論。

③與文章內(nèi)容不符的推論或相反的推論。

④不合常理或不合邏輯的推論。

⑤雖然符合考生的常識，但文中并沒有支撐的依據(jù)。

02解題攻略

題型01細(xì)節(jié)推斷題

提砂籍

要求考生根據(jù)語篇關(guān)系，推斷具體細(xì)節(jié)，如時間、地點、人物關(guān)系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根據(jù)

短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常識進(jìn)行推理判定。考生只有正確把握文章的內(nèi)在關(guān)系，理解文章的真正

含義，才可能作出準(zhǔn)確的推斷。一般題干主要包括六個動詞：infer（推斷），indicate（象征，暗示），imply（暗

示），suggest（暗示），conclude（作出結(jié)論）和assume（假定，設(shè)想）。

典例剖析

（2025年浦東新區(qū)一模）

ItwashardtogetinformationaboutwhatwasgoingonacrossAsheville.Withinhours,welostpower,Internet

andevencellservice.Aneighbortoldmewecouldgetinformationontheradio,soIsatinmycartolistentothe

localradiostation'supdates.ThafshowIlearnedthatthewaterwasn'tsafetodrink.Thetreatmentplantwasunder

eightfeetofwaterandthedistributionpipeshadwashedaway.

38.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagragh5?

A.Timelyaccesstoinformationisimportantduringadisaster.

B.Thetreatmentplantissupposedtobebuiltdeepunderwater.

C.Peoplemustdependonneighborsforsurvivalinadisaster.

D.Protectingwaterresourcespromotesasenseofcommunity.

題型02因果推斷題

提名秘籍

要求考生根據(jù)已知結(jié)果推測導(dǎo)致結(jié)果的可能原因。考生要正確把握文章的內(nèi)涵，理解文章的真正含義。

它的首要呈現(xiàn)方法如下：

1.階段（含首段）榜首句假如表達(dá)一種因果聯(lián)系，一般為考點。

2.文章中細(xì)節(jié)性的因果聯(lián)系一一般由一些表明因果聯(lián)系的詞匯手法表達(dá)。

（1）表明因果聯(lián)系的名詞：basis（依據(jù)）,result,consequence,reason;

（2）表明因果聯(lián)系的動詞:resultin（結(jié)果），resultfrom（因為,由...）,followfrom（........結(jié)果）,

base...on…（以...為根底）,bedueto（因為）；

（3）表明因果聯(lián)系的連詞或介詞：because,since,for,as,therefore,so,thus,why,with;

（4）表明因果聯(lián)系的副詞：asaresult,consequently等。

典例剖析

（2025年徐匯一模）

Keller'sresearchaddsasignificantpiecetothestill-incompletepuzzleofsharkbiology.Sharkshavebeen

decliningatanalarmingrateduetomostlyoverfishingandhabitatchange.Studyingthelifecyclesandmigration

patternsofsharkscanhelpusunderstandwhatareastoprotectwhenmanagingmarinespaces.

45.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthatKeller'sresearchissignificantbecauseit.

A.providesanewmethodforcapturingsharks.

B.supportstheideathatsharks'migrationpatternsarerandom.

C.addscrucialinformationtoourunderstandingofsharkbiology.

D.suggeststhatsharksshouldbeprotectedfromoverfishing.

（2025年虹口一模）

Despitehighratesofinnumeracy（數(shù)學(xué)盲），therearereasonstothinkthatpeoplemaynotdisengagewhenthey

receivenumbers.First,multiplepaststudiesshowthatpeopleoftenprefergettingnumericaldetailsovervague

descriptionorpurelyverbalcommunication.Peoplealsotrustmessagesprovidedbymedicalprofessionalsor

journalistsmorewhenthatcommunicationincludesnumbersthanwhenitdoesnot.Theuseofspecificnumbers

signalsexpertisetoreaders.

Sowhetheryou'reanenvironmentalistseekingtocommunicatemoreeffectivelyoversocialmediaorlooking

forstrategiestopersuadefamilyoverthedinnertable,thereareafewlessonshere.Findthekeynumericaldataand

sharethat.Thinkstrategicallyaboutdatapresentation.Whentalkingaboutclimatechange,includesomeproposed

action.Giventhatpastworksuggeststhatsharingnumbersbuildstrust,yourreadersorlistenersmaybemorelikely

tofollowyourrecommendations.Whenusedwisely,numberscanhelptransformanxietyintoaction,whichcould

helpturnthetideinourfightagainstclimatechange.

43.Accordingtothepassage,whatcannumbersdowhentheyareusedtoillustrateclimatechange?

A.Theycanarousepeople'sanxietyaboutmath.

B.Theyleavetheaudienceevenmoreconfused.

C.Theyhelpmakethemessagemorecredible.

D.Theydon'treallychangehowpeoplefeel.

45.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisaneffectiveclimatemessage?

A.Sealevelrise:atickingtimebombforcoastalcities!

B.Cycle5milesdaily,save50%oncarbonemissions!

C.50%ofspecieslost:awarningfromclimatechange!

D.Plantmoretreestoday,enjoyfresherairtomorrow!

題型03態(tài)度及觀點判斷題

巽電加籍

高考閱讀測試中有些是考查考生對作者的主導(dǎo)思想，被描寫人物語氣，言談話語中流露的情緒，性格

傾向和作者或文中人物態(tài)度，觀點等方面的理解題。

典例剖析

（2025年閔行一模）

InSeptember2020,ParklaunchedGreenThread-hersustainablefashiondreamcametrue.Thestore's

specialtouch?Itsoldupcycledclothingandfabricmadefromwastematerials.Customerscouldbringintheirold

clothesandtradethemforstorecredit,givingtheitemsasecondlife.GreenThread^clotheswereamixof

repurposedfabricsandeco-friendlydyes,provingthatsustainablefashioncanbestylish.

Whenthepandemic^疫'情）hit,itwasn'tsmoothsailing.ButParkwasn'treadytocallitquits.Sheswitchedto

anonlinemodelandstartedofferingvirtualstyleconsultations.Theresponsewasawesome,andGreenThread'sfan

basegrewasmorepeoplerealizedthebenefitsofshoppingsustainably.

38.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPark'sattitudetowardsherbusiness?

A.Optimisticandpractical.B.Carefreeandrelaxed.

C.Focusedandcautious.D.Creativeanddetermined.

題型04猜測想象推理題

籍

有些內(nèi)容文章中沒有明確說明，要求考生根據(jù)語篇，對事件可能的結(jié)局或下段可能涉及的內(nèi)容等進(jìn)行

猜測推理和想象，一般難度較大。做這類題目應(yīng)把握作者的寫作思路和文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)等，從而作出比較

科學(xué)的預(yù)測。

這類題目常見的設(shè)問形式有：

Whatdoyouthinkwillhappenwhen/if?

Attheendofthispassage,thewritermightcontinuetowrite.

Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybeabout.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsismostlikelytobetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?

典例剖析

（2025年徐匯一模）

CarolineRobbinsknewthatthefirstdayofschoolwasvery,veryimportant.Why?Becausethatwastheday

whenyouchosewhereyouwouldsitfortheentireyear.Carolinerealizedthatinsomeclassesthischoicewouldbe

madeforher.Theteacherwouldplacestudentsinalphabetical（按字母用頁序的）order,meaningshewouldhavetosit

infrontofZachRodgersyetagain.ZachwasattractedbyCaroline,andwoulddistractherfromherworkbypassing

notesandtellingjokestoimpressher.Ingeneral,beingaRobbinswasprettygood,buthavingtositinfrontofZach

wasdefinitelyadrawback.

Inherotherclasses,though,Carolinewouldbesuretochoosejusttherightseat.Carolinelikedtothinkof

herselfasoneofthecoolkids,butshealsodidwellinschoolandlikedlearning.So,Carolinewantedtositcloseto

thecoolkids,butnottooclose,orshewouldbemoreinterestedintalkingthanpayingattention.Shealsoknewthatit

wasgoodtobefriendswiththesmartkids,becausetheycouldhelpCarolinewithherschoolwork.However,she

didn'twanttosittooclosetothesmartkids.Unfortunately,atCaroline'sschool,thesmartkidsandthecoolkids

werenotthesamekids.

37.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A.Carolinewasoftenseenasacoolkid,notasmartkid.

B.Carolinewantedtobetheonlysmartkidinherschool.

C.IfCarolinewasseenasasmartkid,noonewouldthinkshewascool.

D.Caroline'sschoolwasunusualinthatsmartkidswerealsocool.

題型05寫作意圖推測題

此題型要求考生根據(jù)文章的論述，在復(fù)雜的語境條件下把握作者的思路，推測作者隱藏的思想及真正

的寫作意圖及運(yùn)用某種寫作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陳述自己的意圖，而是通過文章所提供的事實和

形象，客觀地使讀者信服某種想法或意見。此類題屬于得分率較低的高難度題。

寫作意圖推測題的常見設(shè)問方式有：

Forwhatpurposedidtheauthorwritethepassage?

Thewriterwritesthispassageinorderto.

Thepurposeofthetextisto.

Whatisthepurposeofthelastpartofthetext?

Thewriteruses...inthefirstparagraphto.

Thewriterusestheexampleof....to.

典例剖析

（2025年楊浦一模）

Neurodiversityisatermthatreferstothenaturalrangeofdifferencesinpeople'sbrains.Theneurodiversity

movementsaysthatthebrainsthatwanderfromtheaveragewithinthatrangeshouldn,tbedismissedasinsufficient

automatically.Thetermdatesbacktotheautism（自閉癥）communityinthe1990s,thoughifsnowappliedtoall

sortsofmentaldifferences.Inthepast,“autismwaswidelyseenasanindividualmedicaltragedy,9,saysRobert

Chapman,aneurodivergent（腦功能異于常人的）philosopherwithautism,"Theonlyhopeforautisticpeopleand

ourfamilies,itwasthought,wasthatwewouldonedaybefixedthroughbehavioralorbiomedicalintervention.^^

Crucially,theneurodiversitymovementallowsneurodivergentpeopletotransformtheirthinkingabout

themselves."Thedominantmedicalizednarrativesuggestedthatbeingautisticmademesomehowtragic,broken,

andinneedoffixing^^Chapmanwritesinhis2023book."ThiswaswhyIfounddiscoveringneurodiversity

movement,whichofferedadifferentanalysis,soliberating.

46.Themainpurposeofthearticleisto.

A.introducetheeffectivetreatmentmethodsforautism

B.explainthehistoryandsignificanceoftheneurodiversitymovement

C.argueforthenecessityofpromotingtheneurodiversitymovement

D.criticizethewrongfocusofresearchinunderstandingautism

《03高考練場_________________________________________

（A）

（上海市實驗學(xué)校2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高三英語月考）

Theword“brainstorminr”depictsavisionofhell.Itissomeonesaying,'Tireupthebrainwavesbarbecue.^^

Itistryingdesperatelytoworkoutwhereeveryoneelse'scursors（光標(biāo)）havegoneonadigitalwhiteboard.Yet

brainstormingpersists,andfordecentreasons.Gettingagroupofpeopletogetherisanopportunitytoexploit

differentviewpoints.Sowhyisbrainstormingoftensopainful?

Theproblemisthatbrainstormingmuststrikeabalancebetweenaseriesofcompetingnecessities.Onetension

isbetweencreativityandfeasibility.Abrainstormismeanttobefreeing,achancetoaskout-of-the-boxquestions.

Butitisalsomeanttoproducesuggestionsthatcanactuallybetranslatedintoreality,whichcallsforamore

down-to-earthstyleofthinking.

Asecondtensionisbetweenmanagersandnonmanagers.Byitsnaturebrainstormingisinsiderish.Someonehas

toarrangethesession,andthatpersonisoftenthemanagerofateam.Ifdecision-makersarenotintheroom,thenthe

suspicionwillgrowthattimeisbeingwasted.Iftheyare,thenhierarchies（等級制度）easilybecomethespotlight:

goodideascanshrinkwithafrownfromtheboss,andbadonescansurvivewithanod.

Arelatedissueconcernsthepresenceofoutsiders.Thereisanaturaltemptationtokeepdrawingonthesame

seniorpeoplewithinanorganizationtogenerateideas:thesearetheoneswhogetthingsdone,whounderstanda

company'sstrategy.Yetresearchessuggestthatoutsidersbringafreshperspective.Thatmightbepeoplefromrelated

industries.Itmightalsobemiddlemanagersorfrontlineemployeeswhohavedirectcontactwithcustomers.

Athirdbalancetostrikeisbetweendifferentpersonalitiesanddifferentstylesofthinking.Anewpaperfrom

researchersatStanfordGraduateSchoolofBusinessfindsthatbrainstormingonZoomcomesatacosttocreativity:

aspeople'svisualfocusnarrowsonthescreeninfrontofthem,theircognitiverangealsoseemstobecomemore

limited.Butifin-persongatheringsarebetter,theyalsodonotworkequallywellforeveryone.Somepersonalitiesare

immediatelycomfortablesayingwhattheythink;othersneedtobepersuadedtosharetheiropinions.

Theseareknownproblems,andthereareplentyofideasouttheretosolvethem."Figure-storming“isawayfor

peopletocombatgroup-thinkbypretendingtobeaninfluentialpersontryingtoaddresstheproblems.Somesimpler

rulesaremuchmorelikelytohelp.Definethelimitsofabrainstormingsessionupfront.Trytomakeaspecificthing

workbetterratherthantoshootfortheMoon.Involvepeopleyoudon'tknow,aswellasthoseyoudo.Startbygetting

peopletowritetheirideasdowninsilence,soextrovertsandbosseshavelesschancetodominate.Andbeclearabout

thenextstepsafterthesessionisover;theattractionofholdinga“designsprint。中束U）”,aweeklong,clear-the-diary

wayforateamtodevelopandtestproductprototypes,isthatthethreadconnectingideastooutcomesistight.Allof

themwouldmakebrainstormingalittlemorethought-provokingandlessheart-sinking.

43.Bysaying“Theword'brainstvrmine'depictsavisionofhell”,theauthorprobablymeans.

A.thebrainwavesbarbecuecanbemisleading

B.it'shardtofigureoutothers9perspectives

C.brainstormingtriggershatredamongpeople

D.bossesexploitstaff'sbrainpowermercilessly

44.""qualifiesasanout-of-the-boxquestion.

A.Whatareyoutalkingabout?Weworkatasaladchain.

B.Isthereanypointininvitingoutsiderstobrainstorming?

C.HowwouldtheBritishqueenimproveoncloudcomputing?

D.Wouldn'titbegreatifpeoplehadartificialtailswhendiving?

45.WhatcanbeinferredfromthestudybyStanfordGraduateSchoolofBusiness?

A.Onlineconferencesholdtheparticipants9attentionbetterthanin-persongatherings.

B.People'scognitiverangeseemstolimittheirvisualfocustothescreenatonlinemeetings.

C.Fruitfulbrainstorminginvolvestakingdifferentpersonalitiesandthinkingmodesintoaccount.

D.In-persongatheringsliberatebrainstormingparticipants9creativitydespitevariouspersonalities.

46.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Varioussolutionstotheproblemswithbrainstorming.

B.How"figure-storming“contributestobrainstorming.

C.Reasonswhybrainstormingsessionsarepainful.

D.Thought-provokingversusheart-sinking.

（B）

（上海市市西中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期中考試）

Afewweeksago,awell-meaningprofessortriedtoexplainthephysiologicalprocessbehindvirusesandthe

humanbodyinatweetandwasimmediatelycriticizedforamistakeinhisinformation.Hethenissuedanapology

anddeletedhiserroneoustweet.

Communicatingsciencebeyondtheacademicbubbleisnecessarytoaugmenting（增力口）publicunderstandingof

healthandenvironmentalissuesandhelpingindividualsmakewell-informedpersonaldecisions.

However,scientistswhoengageinsciencecommunicationmustacknowledgethatevenintheirarea,their

expertiseisdeepbutnarrow.Theyneedtorecognizetheconstraintsintheirownknowledge.Thatisnottosuggest

thattheyonlywriteorpresentontheirownresearch,butrather,thattheyconsultwithanexpertifthetopicisoutside

oftheirdiscipline.Fact-checkingwithascientistwhoworksinthespecialtywillpreventtheunintentionalspreadof

misinformation,andtheprocessofdoingsomayyieldtinypiecesofinterestingnewinformationthatcanbe

incorporated.

Somehavearguedthatthepublicisnoteducatedenoughtounderstandscientificinformation,especiallyforany

complexphenomena,butthisisabsurd.Scienceinstructioncanbefoundatalllevelsofpubliceducationwithmost

secondaryschoolsofferingclassesonbiology,physics,andchemistry.Ifanything,socialmediahasshownthatthe

publiccravesknowledgebasedonasolidscientificfoundation.Eventhepublicdiscourse（話語）thatfollowsmost

scientificarticlesshowsthatonlinereaderscanunderstandeventhemostpuzzlingofscientificprinciples.

Itisequallynecessarytoemphasizethatbeinganexpertonatopicdoesnotautomaticallymakeascholar

qualifiedtocommunicateittoanonscientificaudience.Anumberofscientistsrecentlyhavebeenoffering

public-aimedexplanationsofscientificphenomena.Eventhoughtheyhaveappropriatecredentials,theyoftendo

verylittleinthewayofexplaining.Onebiologistsharedacomplexanalogy（類比）involvingalibrary,books,paper,a

recipe,ingredients,andacaketoexplaintheprocessbehindvaccines.Anyexplanationthatrequiresawrittenkeyto

keeptrackofwhateachitemrepresentsisnotaclearexampleforpublicconsumption.

Sciencecommunicationisascienceinandofitself.Itrequiresrigoroustrainingandinstruction.Ascientist

shouldtakecommunicationcoursesthatcanteachapersonhowtoidentifyandeliminatejargon（術(shù)語）andhowto

developeffectiveanalogiestoexplaincomplexconcepts.Onecannotassumecommunicationexpertise-imagineif

someonejustdecidedthattheywereaphysicistandstartedtryingtocontributetothefieldwithoutthenecessary

background.Doingapoorjobcommunicatingsciencetothepublicwillonlycreateconfusionandwidenthegap

betweenscienceandsociety,agapthatscientistsaretryingtoclose.

43.Whatdoestheauthoradvisescientistsdotodealwithtopicsoutsideoftheirspecialty?

A.Writeorpresentonthemfromnewangles.

B.Utilizeinformationfromdiversesources.

C.Turntoaspecialistforprofessionalhelp.

D.Fact-checkwithcolleaguesin-theirfield.

44.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph4?

A.Asolidacademicfoundationisessentialtounderstandingpuzzlingscientificprinciples.

B.Moderntechnologyhasfacilitatedcommunicationbetweenscientistsandthepublic.

C.Scientificarticleshavegainedincreasingpopularityamongthegeneralpublic.

D.Thepublic'sunderstandingofscienceismuchbetterthansomehaveclaimed.

45.Whatdoestheexampleofthebiologistwhosharedanintricateanalogyshow?

A.Itishelpfultouseillustrationsinexplainingscientificphenomena.

B.Itisimperativetohaveappropriatetitlestoexplainscientificissues.

C.Alearnedscholarisnotnecessarilyaqualifiedsciencecommunicator.

D.Anonscientificaudiencecannotcorrectlyunderstandprinciplesofscience.

46.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestscientistsdotoclosethegapbetweenscienceandsociety?

A.Developcommunicationskills.

B.Makeappropriateuseofscientificterms.

C.Takecoursesinpublicspeaking.

D.Explaincomplexconceptsscientifically.

變其演塾

（2025年青浦一模）

Mydoctortookmeforawalkaroundthefarmwhereshelived.Iwasphysicallyandemotionallyexhausted

anddiscouragedbyanxietyanddepression.Theplacewasfulloflife.Therewereinsects,horses,rabbits,andacat.

Shetoldmetofocusonmybodyintheenvironment.WhenIwasill,Itendedtowithdrawintomymindand

disconnectfromthehereandnow.So,whenImetahorsenamedFira,Iexpectednothing.AsIgotclosertoFira,

sherubbedhernoseintomychest,puttingagentlepressureovermyheart.Somethinghappenedinsideme:Ifeltas

ifIhadreachedawellspringofpasthurts,fearsandfailings.Ibegantomeltemotionally.IpattedFira'snoseand

breathedinhersmell.IfoundIdidn'thavetoconcentrateonfeelingbetter;Firahelpedmefeellovedandsafe.

IworkedwithFiraoften,learningbasiccommunicationandleadingmethodstoworktogetherwithher.

Initially,Iwasn'tsureexactlywhatonewoulddowithahorseexceptridingit.ButIknewthatFirahadtouchedme

inanuncommonwayandhadmademefeelbetter.Sheconnectedwithmebyrespondingtomyemotionalstate

andreflectingitbacktomeinanopen,affectionateway.

InmymeetingswithFira,Ilearnedtoliveinthepresent,tofocusonwhatwashappeningthisday,inthis

moment,inthisplace.Ilearnedtoforgetthepast,withallitshurt.Ilearnedtoforgetthefuture,whichhasn,t

happenedyet.WithFirabymyside,Isawintoalifeinwhichtrustcomesfirst,andcompassionfollows.Ifounda

deeppeaceinleadingheralongapath,byusingmyownpowerofintentiontoindicatewhethertostart,stop,turn

leftorturnright.Ifeltaninnerquietandevenjoy.Myworkwiththishorsewaspartofajourneyoutofaverydark

nightinmysoul.

36.WhydidthewriterexpectnothingwhenmeetingFira?

A.BecauseFira'sreactionledthewritertofeelhurtandfearful.

B.Becausethewriter'smentalitykeptherfromconnectingwithothers.

C.BecausethewriterknewnothingaboutFiraanddidn'tknowwhattoexpect.

D.Becausetheanimalsonthefarmdistractedthewriterfromfocusingonherbody.

37.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutFiraisTRUE?

A.Firawasthewriter'spet,livingonherfarm.

B.Firamadethewriterfeelbetterbygivingherrides.

C.Firagotthewritertoconcentrateonherhurtfeelings.

D.Firarespondedaffectionatelytothewriter'sapproach.

38.Inthelastparagraph,thewritersharesherexperiencewithFiratoimplythat.

A.animalscanfollowpeople'sinstructions,thusgainingtheirtrust

B.interactingwithanimalscanbeatherapytopsychologicaldistress

C.meetingswithanimalscanhelppeoplestepoutoftheircomfortzone

D.peoplecanaccesstemporarypeaceandjoywhenworkingwithanimals

39.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.MyDoctor'sFarm:APlaceofHealingB.Fira:TheHorsethatSavedMyLife

C.FromDarknesstoLight:MyJourneywithFiraD.HorseSmell:TheMagicPower

（2025年崇明一模）

ThePulitzersareAmericanawardsgivenwithintheUnitedStatesforoutstandingachievementinjournalism

aswellasbooks,dramaandmusic.Undertheseheadings,thereare22categoriesincludingonlinejournalism,

newspaperreporting,fiction,history,music,drama,poetry,photographyandmore.Recipientscanbeanews

organization,anindividualoragroupofpeople.

Eachofthefirst21winnersreceivesa$15,000cashprizeandacertificate.Thetwenty-secondprize,however,

isthePublicServicePrize,whichisalwaysgiventoanewsagency.Insteadofcash,thenewsorganizationreceives

thePulitzerGoldMedal.Thenameoftheyear'swinnerisononesideofthecoinandtheyearisontheother.All

winnersarehonoredandawardedtheirprizesatanannuallunchparty.TheeventtakesplaceatColumbia

University,whichwasoriginallytaskedwithadministeringtheaward,andusuallyoccursinMay.

Ifithadn'tbeenforaHungarian-AmericannamedJosephPulitzer,theawardswouldneverhavecomeinto

existence.PulitzerwasbornintoawealthyfamilyinHungaryin1847.HemadehiswaytoAmericaandbuilta

careerinjournalism.Hedevelopedareputationasanambitiousandenergeticyoungjournalist.By1872Pulitzer

hadbecomeapublisher,andsixyearslaterheownedanewspapercompany.In1883hepurchasedyetanother

newspaper.Hebecameknownassomeonewhowasnotafraidtotakeapublicstandagainstcorruption（腐敗）.

Afterasuccessfulcareerinjournalism,sevenyearsbeforehisdeath,Pulitzerwroteawill,leaving$2,000,000

toColumbiaUniversity.ThemoneywastoestablishaschoolofjournalismatColumbiaandasetofawards.

Pulitzer'sdesirewastoraisethestandardsofjournalism.Hehopedtheprizewouldactasastimulusforjournalists

toworkforexcellence——thenandintothefuture.

FaithfullyfollowingPulitzer'sinstructions,ColumbiaUniversityawardedtheveryfirstPulitzerPrizesin1917.

TodaytheseawardsareconsideredsomeofthemostdistinguishedprizesinAmerica.

36.WhatcanbeknownaboutthePulitzers?

A.Theirrecipientsallgetcashprizes.B.Thereare21winnerseachyear.

C.Theyareawardedworldwide.D.Theygobeyondjournalism.

37.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatJosephPulitzer.

A.washumorousandcourageousB.wasraisedupinajournalist5sfamily

C.hadastrongsenseofjusticeD.soughtagoalofproducingwealth

38.Pulitzerestablishedtheprizesmainlyto