第頁，共頁第25頁，共25頁青田中學2024-2025學年第一學期高一英語期末試題卷注意事項：1．本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)。本卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2．答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號等填寫在答題卡的相應位置。3．全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在本試題卷上無效。4．回答選擇題時，在選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標號。第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一個小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．What’sthewoman?A．Arestaurantcook.B．Anexperiencedbaker.C．Ahotelwaitress.2．What’sthemangettinghisEnglishteacherforherbirthday?A．Ascarf.B．Flowers.C．Adictionary.3．HowmanypeoplevisitedMr.Lee’sofficethismorning?A．One.B．Four.C．None.4．Whichbookhastheman’sbrotherbought?A．Ahistorybook.B．AnEnglishtextbook.C．AChinesetextbook.5．Whattimeisitnow?A．8:45．B．9:00．C．9:15．第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至8題。6．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Atthenurse’sstation.B．Atahospitalward.C．Atthedoctor’soffice.7．Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthegirl?A．Thebill.B．Visitinghours.C．Mealhours.8．Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A．Thewomanisanewdoctor.B．Themandoesn’tthinkveryhighlyofthewoman.C．Themanisnewhere.聽第7段材料，回答第9至11題。9．WhendidthemanplantomeetCathy?A．At7:00．B．At7:30．C．At9:00．10．Whatdidthemanfinallybuy?A．Ashirtandacoat.B．Ashirt.C．Nothing.11．WhatdowelearnaboutCathy?A．Shefirstwenttotheeastentrancetomeettheman.B．Shehopedtomeetthemanat7:30．C．Shemetthemanat9:30atthemainentrance.聽第8段材料，回答第12至14題。12．HowdoesthemanknowBillhasababygirl?A．Fromhiscolleague.B．Fromhisschoolmate.C．Fromhisneighbor.13．WhathappenedtoMarkthismorning?A．Hesmokedtoomuchandcoughedalot.B．Hehadanaccidentonthewaytowork.C．Hefeltterriblewhenhewokeup.14．Whatwillthetwospeakersdotomorrow?A．HoldafarewellpartyforDavid.B．HaveacelebrationforBill.C．VisitBill’swifeinthehospital.聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15．WherewillthemanhaveThanksgiving?A．Athisownhome.B．Atthewoman’s.C．Athisparents’.16．Whatdopeopleeatatthewoman’shomeonThanksgiving?A．Turkey,sweetpotatoesandapplepie.B．Turkey,saltypotatoesandpumpkinpie.C．Turkey,sweetpotatoesandpumpkinpie.17．Whatarethemendoingwhilethewomenarecooking?A．Helpingthewomenwiththecooking.B．Doingsomeexercise.C．Watchingfootballgames.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．InhowmanycountrieshasAvatarbeenshownbesidesNorthAmericaaccordingtothetalk?A．4．B．5．C．6．19．WhenisthemovieAvatarset?A．2145．B．2154．C．2159．20．Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A．Avatar’sbudgetwasover$400million.B．Ittook6yearstomakeAvatar.C．AvatarhaswonOscarawards.第二部分閱讀(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并將答題卡上的相應選項涂黑。AWealllongforfriendship,buthowtomakeafriend?“Thebesttimetomakeafriendisbeforeyouneedone.”JoyStevensaid.Thefollowingaresometipsforyou.PeopleequalfriendsFriendsusuallybeginwithstrangers.Gettingintouchwithotherpeopleisthefirststeptomakeafriend.Friendscan’tbemadeinemptyair.Bestfriendstaketimetomake.FriendsunderstandfriendsFriendsunderstandeachotherwhentalking.Manyunpleasantpersonalquarrelscanbeavoidedifyouwilltakethetimetounderstandothers’feelingsandpointsofview.FriendstouchfriendsTouchingisawarmformofcommunicationbetweenfriends.Whenyouseebestfriendscommunicating,youwillnoticethemstandclosetogether,toucheachothercomfortablyandlistentoeachother.Sometimesafriendlytouchismorepowerfulthanwords.FriendspraisefriendsPraiseisapowerfultooltomakeafriend.Honestpraisecanaffect(影響)yourfriends’lives.Sotrytopraiseyourfriends,includingyourgeneralones.Friendscanloyal(忠誠的)andtrustworthyTrustandloyaltygohandinhandforfriends.Friendscansharesecretswithyou,becausegoodfriendsneverbreakconfidence(信心)andareloyalforever.1.FromJoySteven’swords,wecanconcludethat________A.afriendinneedisafriendindeed B.itisnevertoolatetomakeafriendC.itislatetomakeafriendwhenyouneedone D.everyoneneedsafriendinhislife2.Tomakeandkeepmanyfriends,youneedtodothefollowingEXCEPT___________.A.getintouchwithpeople B.understandyourfriendsC.praiseyourfriends D.quarrelwithyourfriends3.Thepassagemainlytellsus______________.A.howtocommunicatewithafriend B.howtodevelopfriendshipC.whentomakeafriend D.howtopraiseafriend【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述我們都渴望友誼，但如何交朋友呢？本文給出了一些可行的建議。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。依據第一段JoySteven的話“Thebesttimetomakeafriendisbeforeyouneedone.交朋友的最好時間是你需要朋友以前。”，也就是說當你需要一個朋友的時候再去交就晚了。故選C。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章中關于交朋友建議的描述“Friendsunderstandeachotherwhentalking.Touchingisawarmformofcommunicationbetweenfriends.Praiseisapowerfultooltomakeafriend.（朋友在交談時能互相理解。聯系是朋友之間溝通的一種形式。贊美是結交朋友的有力工具。）”A.getintouchwithpeople和人取得聯系；B.understandyourfriends理解你的朋友；C.praiseyourfriends稱贊你的朋友；D.quarrelwithyourfriends和你的朋友爭吵。根據文章和常識：你要想交很多朋友A、B、C三項要具備。朋友之間的爭吵是不可避免的，但未必是必須的。更為重要的是，D項在文中找不到依據。故選D【3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“Wealllongforfriendship,buthowtomakeafriend?“Thebesttimetomakeafriendisbeforeyouneedone.”JoyStevensaid.Thefollowingaresometipsforyou.（我們都渴望友誼，但如何交朋友呢?“交朋友最好的時間是在你需要朋友之前。”史蒂文說。以下是給你的一些建議。）”可知文章的主題是針對如何交朋友給出一些建議。A.howtocommunicatewithafriend怎樣和一個朋友交流；B.howtodevelopfriendship怎樣發展友誼；C.whentomakeafriend什么時候交朋友；howtopraiseafriend怎樣稱贊一個朋友。雖然A、C、D項在文中都提到了，但屬于枝節信息，而B項是文章談論的主旨，符合文章的大意，故選B。BThateveryone’stoobusythesedaysisacliché.Butonespecificcomplaintismadeespeciallymournfully:There’sneveranytimetoread.Whatmakestheproblemthornieristhattheusualtime-managementtechniquesdon’tseemsufficient.Theweb’sfullofarticlesofferingtipsonmakingtimetoread:“GiveupTV”or“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes.”Butinmyexperience,usingsuchmethodstofreeuptheodd30minutesdoesn’twork.Sitdowntoreadandtheflywheelofwork-relatedthoughtskeepsspinning—orelseyou’resoexhaustedthatachallengingbook’sthelastthingyouneed.Themodernmind,TimParks,anovelistandcritic,writes,“isoverwhelminglyinclinedtowardcommunication…Itisnotsimplythatoneisinterrupted;itisthatoneisactuallyinclinedtointerruption.”Deepreadingrequiresnotjusttime,butaspecialkindoftimewhichcan’tbeobtainedmerelybybecomingmoreefficient.Infact,“becomingmoreefficient”ispartoftheproblem.Thinkingoftimeasaresourcetobemaximisedmeansyouapproachitinstrumentally,judginganygivenmomentaswellspentonlyinsofarasitadvancesprogresstowardsomegoal.Immersivereading,bycontrast,dependsonbeingwillingtoriskinefficiency,goallessness,eventime-wasting.Trytoslotitasato-dolistitemandyou’llmanageonlygoal-focusedreading—useful,sometimes,butnotthemostfulfillingkind.“Thefuturecomesatuslikeemptybottlesalonganunstoppableandnearlyinfiniteconveyorbelt,”writesGaryEberleinhisbookSacredTime,and“wefeelapressuretofillthesedifferent-sizedbottles(days,hours,minutes)astheypass,foriftheygetbywithoutbeingfilled,wewillhavewastedthem.”Nomind-setcouldbeworseforlosingyourselfinabook.Sowhatdoeswork?Perhapssurprisingly,schedulingregulartimesforreading.You’dthinkthismightfueltheefficiencymind-set,butinfact,Eberlenotes,suchritualisticbehaviourhelpsus“stepoutsidetime’sflow”into“soultime.”Youcouldlimitdistractionsbyreadingonlyphysicalbooks,oronsingle-purposee-readers.“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes”canactuallywork,too—providingyoudipinoftenenough,sothatreadingbecomesthedefaultstatefromwhichyoutemporarilysurfacetotakecareofbusiness,beforedroppingbackdown.Onareallygoodday,itnolongerfeelsasifyou’re“makingtimetoread,”butjustreading,andmakingtimeforeverythingelse.24.Whatkindofeducationdoestheauthorthinkisideal?4.Whatisthemainreasontheauthorbelievestraditionaltime-managementtechniquesfailtohelpwithreading?A.Theyfocustoomuchonefficiency,whichconflictswiththenatureofimmersivereading.B.TheyrequiregivingupotheractivitieslikewatchingTV,whichisunrealistic.C.Theyaretoorigidanddonotaccountfortheunpredictabilityofdailylife.D.Theyfailtoprovideenoughtimeforreading,evenwhenimplementedcorrectly.5.AccordingtoTimParks,whatisakeycharacteristicofthemodernmindthathindersdeepreading?A.Itistoofocusedonachievinggoalsandcompletingtasks.B.Itisnaturallyinclinedtowardinterruptionandcommunication.C.Itistooexhaustedtoengagewithchallengingbooks.D.Itisunabletodistinguishbetweenproductiveandunproductivetime.6.WhatdoesGaryEberle’smetaphorof“emptybottles”suggestabouthowpeopleviewtime?A.Timeisseenasafiniteresourcethatmustbefilledwithproductiveactivities.B.Timeisperceivedassomethingthatcanbeeasilywastedifnotmanagedproperly.C.Timeisviewedasaseriesofopportunitiesthatmustbeseizedimmediately.D.Timeisconsideredaburdenthatpeoplefeelpressuredtooptimize.7.Whatsolutiondoestheauthorproposeformakingtimetoreadeffectively?A.Schedulingregularreadingtimestocreatearitualistichabit.B.Usingsingle-purposee-readerstoeliminatedistractions.C.Carryingabookatalltimestoreadduringsparemoments.D.Avoidinggoal-focusedreadingtoachieveamorefulfillingexperience.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章分析了現代人不能進行有效閱讀的原因并提出了解決辦法。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據第三段的句子“Infact,“becomingmoreefficient”ispartoftheproblem.Thinkingoftimeasaresourcetobemaximisedmeansyouapproachitinstrumentally,judginganygivenmomentaswellspentonlyinsofarasitadvancesprogresstowardsomegoal.Immersivereading,bycontrast,dependsonbeingwillingtoriskinefficiency,goallessness,eventime-wasting.(事實上，“變得更有效率”是問題的一部分。將時間視為一種需要最大化利用的資源，意味著你會以一種工具的方式來對待它，只有在它朝著某個目標前進的過程中，你才會認為任何給定的時刻都是值得利用的。相比之下，沉浸式閱讀依賴于愿意承擔效率低下、無目標、甚至浪費時間的風險。)”可知，作者認為傳統的時間管理方法對閱讀沒有幫助的主要原因是他們過于注重效率，這與沉浸式閱讀的本質相沖突。故選A項。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段的句子“Themodernmind,TimParks,anovelistandcritic,writes,“isoverwhelminglyinclinedtowardcommunication…Itisnotsimplythatoneisinterrupted;itisthatoneisactuallyinclinedtointerruption.”Deepreadingrequiresnotjusttime,butaspecialkindoftimewhichcan’tbeobtainedmerelybybecomingmoreefficient.(小說家兼評論家蒂姆·帕克斯寫道，現代人的思維“極其傾向于交流……這不僅僅是一個人被打斷了；而是一個人實際上傾向于打斷。”深度閱讀不僅需要時間，還需要一種特殊的時間，而這種時間不能僅僅通過提高效率來獲得。)”可知，根據蒂姆·帕克斯的說法，阻礙深入閱讀的現代思維的一個關鍵特征是它自然地傾向于打斷和交流。故選B項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段的句子““Thefuturecomesatuslikeemptybottlesalonganunstoppableandnearlyinfiniteconveyorbelt,”writesGaryEberleinhisbookSacredTime,and“wefeelapressuretofillthesedifferent-sizedbottles(days,hours,minutes)astheypass,foriftheygetbywithoutbeingfilled,wewillhavewastedthem.”Nomind-setcouldbeworseforlosingyourselfinabook.(加里·埃伯利在他的《神圣的時間》一書中寫道：“未來就像一條不可阻擋的、幾乎無限的傳送帶上的空瓶子一樣向我們走來。”“當這些不同大小的瓶子（幾天、幾小時、幾分鐘）經過時，我們感到有壓力要裝滿它們，因為如果它們沒有被裝滿，我們就會浪費它們。”沒有一種心態會因為迷失在一本書中而變得更糟。)”可知，加里·埃伯利把時間看作是一種有限的資源，必須被富有成效的活動填滿。故選A項。【7題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段的句子“Sowhatdoeswork?Perhapssurprisingly,schedulingregulartimesforreading.You’dthinkthismightfueltheefficiencymind-set,butinfact,Eberlenotes,suchritualisticbehaviourhelpsus“stepoutsidetime’sflow”into“soultime.”(那么，什么有效呢？也許令人驚訝的是，安排規律的閱讀時間。你可能會認為這可能會助長效率思維，但事實上，埃伯利指出，這種儀式化的行為有助于我們“走出時間流”進入“靈魂時間”。)”可知，作者提出安排有規律的閱讀時間來養成一種儀式性的習慣來有效地閱讀。故選A項。CBiologistsestimatethatasmanyas2millionlesserprairiechickens—akindofbirdlivingonstretchinggrasslands—oncelentredtotheoftengraylandscapeofthemidwesternandsouthwesternUnitedStates.Butjustsome22,000birdsremaintoday,occupyingabout16%ofthespecies’historicrange.ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.SFishandWildlifeService(USFWS)decidedtoformallylistthebirdasthreatened.“Thelesserprairiechickenisinadesperatesituation,”saidUSFWSDirectorDanielAshe.Someenvironmentalists,however,weredisappointed.Theyhadpushedtheagencytodesignatethebirdas“endangered”,astatusthatgivesfederalofficialsgreaterregulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats.ButAsheandothersarguedthatthe“threatened”taggavethefederalgovernmentflexibilitytotryoutnew,potentiallylessconfrontationalconservationsapproaches.Inparticular,theycalledforforgingclosercollaborationswithwesternstategovernments,whichareoftenuneasywithfederalactionandwiththeprivatelandownerswhocontrolanestimated95%oftheprairiechicken’shabitat.Undertheplan,forexample,theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecutelandownerorbusinessesthatunintentionallykill,harm,ordisturbthebird,aslongastheyhadsignedarange—widemanagementplantorestoreprairiechickenhabitat.NegotiatedbyUSFWSandthestates,theplanrequiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheiroperationstopayintoafundtoreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitablehabitat.Thefundwillalsobeusedtocompensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat,USFWSalsosetaninterimgoalofrestoringprairiechickenpopulationstoanannualaverageof67,000birdsoverthenext10years.AnditgivestheWesternAssociationofFishandWildlifeAgencies(WAFWA),acoalitionofstateagencies,thejobofmonitoringprogress.Overall,theideaistolet“states”remaininthedriver’sseatformanagingthespecies,”Ashesaid.8.Whatisthemajorreasonforlistingthelesserprairieasthreatened?A.Itsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation. B.Theunderestimateofthegrasslandacreage.C.Adesperateappealfromsomebiologists. D.Theinsistenceofprivatelandowners.9.Whydidthe“threatened”tagdisappointedsomeenvironmentalists?A.Itwasagive-intogovernmentalpressure. B.Itwouldinvolvefeweragenciesinaction.C.Itgrantedlessfederalregulatorypower. D.Thedisagreementbetweengenerations.10.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph3?A.Unintentionalharm-doerswillnotbeprosecutediftheyagreetopayasumforcompensationB.Unintentionalharm-doerswillnotbeprosecutediftheyvolunteertosetupanequallybighabitat.C.Unintentionalharm-doerswillnotbeprosecutediftheysupporttheWAFWAmonitoringjob.D.Unintentionalharm-doerswillnotbeprosecutediftheyraisefundsforUSFWSoperations.11.AccordingtoAshe,whichistheleadingroleinmanagingthespecies?A.Thefederalgovernment. B.ThewildlifeagenciesC.Thelandowners. D.Thestates.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了美國魚類和野生動物管理局(USFWS)將小草原松雞列為受威脅物種，并介紹了相關的保護措施和計劃。【8題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中“Butjustsome22,000birdsremaintoday,occupyingabout16%ofthespecies’historicrange.(但如今僅存約22000只這種鳥，其棲息地僅占該物種歷史棲息地范圍的16%)”以及第二段中“ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.SFishandWildlifeService(USFWS)decidedtoformallylistthebirdasthreatened.(數量的急劇下降是美國魚類和野生動物管理局（USFWS）決定正式將該鳥類列為受威脅物種的主要原因)”可知，美國魚類和野生動物管理局決定正式將該鳥類列為受威脅物種的主要原因是小草原松雞數量急劇下降。故選A。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Theyhadpushedtheagencytodesignatethebirdas“endangered”,astatusthatgivesfederalofficialsgreaterregulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats.ButAsheandothersarguedthatthe“threatened”taggavethefederalgovernmentflexibilitytotryoutnew,potentiallylessconfrontationalconservationsapproaches.(他們曾敦促該機構將小草原雞指定為“瀕危”物種，這一身份將賦予聯邦官員更大的監管權力，以打擊威脅。他們曾敦促該機構將這種鳥列為“瀕危”物種，這一認定使聯邦官員擁有更大的監管權力來打擊威脅這種鳥生存的因素。但阿什和其他人認為，“受威脅”這一認定使聯邦政府有靈活性去嘗試新的、可能較不具對抗性的保護方法)”可知，通過對比這兩句話，我們可以得出結論：與“瀕危”地位相比，“受威脅”標簽給聯邦政府的監管權力較小，這正是讓一些環保主義者感到失望的原因。他們原本希望通過“瀕危”地位來加強保護力度，但“受威脅”標簽卻降低了這種力度。故選C。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段中“Undertheplan,forexample,theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecutelandownerorbusinessesthatunintentionallykill,harm,ordisturbthebird,aslongastheyhadsignedarange-widemanagementplantorestoreprairiechickenhabitat.NegotiatedbyUSFWSandthestates,theplanrequiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheiroperationstopayintoafundtoreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitablehabitat.Thefundwillalsobeusedtocompensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat,USFWSalsosetaninterimgoalofrestoringprairiechickenpopulationstoanannualaverageof67,000birdsoverthenext10years.(例如，根據該計劃，該機構表示，只要土地所有者或企業簽署了恢復小草原雞棲息地的廣泛管理計劃，就不會起訴他們因非故意而殺死、傷害或干擾這種鳥類。經美國魚類及野生動物管理局(USFWS)與各州協商，該計劃要求那些在運營過程中破壞棲息地的個人和企業向一個基金繳費，以用兩英畝適宜的棲息地替換每一英畝被破壞的棲息地。該基金還將用于補償留出棲息地的土地所有者。美國魚類及野生動物管理局還設定了一個中期目標，即在接下來的10年里將小草原松雞的數量恢復到年均6.7萬只)”可知，非故意的傷害者如果同意支付一筆賠償金，將不會被起訴。故選A。【11題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段“Overall,theideaistolet

“states”remaininthedriver’sseatformanagingthespecies,”

Ashesaid.(阿什說：“總的來說，這個想法是讓‘各州’在管理這種物種方面處于主導地位。”)”可知，據阿什說，在管理這種物種方面處于主導地位的是各州。故選D。DIt’struethathigh-schoolcodingclassesaren’tessentialforlearningcomputerscienceincollege.Studentswithoutexperiencecancatchupafterafewintroductorycourses,saidTomCortina,theassistantdeanatCarnegieMellon’sSchoolofComputerScience.However,Cortinasaid,earlyexposureisbeneficial.Whenyoungerkidslearncomputerscience,theylearnthatit’snotjustaconfusing,endlessstringoflettersandnumbers—butatooltobuildapps,orcreateartwork,ortesthypotheses.It’snotashardforthemtotransformtheirthoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents.Breakingdownproblemsintobite-sizedchunksandusingcodetosolvethembecomesnormal.Givingmorechildrenthistrainingcouldincreasethenumberofpeopleinterestedinthefieldandhelpfillthejobsgap,Cortinasaid.Studentsalsobenefitfromlearningsomethingaboutcodingbeforetheygettocollege,whereintroductorycomputer-scienceclassesarepackedtothebrim,whichcandrivetheless-experiencedor-determinedstudentsaway.TheFlatironSchool,wherepeoplepaytolearnprogramming,startedasoneofthemanycodingbootcampsthat’sbecomepopularforadultslookingforacareerchange.Thehigh-schoolersgetthesamecurriculum,but“wetrytogearlessonstowardthingsthey’reinterestedin,”saidVictoriaFriedman,aninstructor.Forinstance,oneoftheappsthestudentsaredevelopingsuggestsmoviesbasedonyourmood.ThestudentsintheFlatironclassprobablywon’tdropoutofhighschoolandbuildthenextFacebook.Programminglanguageshaveaquickturnover,sothe“RubyonRails”languagetheylearnedmaynotevenberelevantbythetimetheyenterthejobmarket.Buttheskillstheylearn—howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemandorganizetheresults—applytoanycodinglanguage,saidDeborahSeehorn,aneducationconsultantforthestateofNorthCarolina.Indeed,theFlatironstudentsmightnotgointoITatall.Butcreatingafuturearmyofcodersisnotthesolepurposeoftheclasses.Thesekidsaregoingtobesurroundedbycomputers—intheirpockets,intheiroffices,intheirhomes—fortherestoftheirlives.Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant—theearliertheylearnthattheyhavethepowertodothat—thebetter.12.AccordingtoCortina,earlyexposuretocomputersciencemakeswhateasier?A.Howweperceivethefoodweeat. B.changethewayofthinking.C.Whatingredientsthefoodcontains. D.Howfastweeatourmeals.13.WhatdoesDeborahSeehornbelieveabouttheskillslearnedatFlatiron?A.HelpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguagesB.HavetobeupgradedwhennewtechnologiescomeC.NeedimprovingwhenstudentslookforjobsD.Enablestudentstomakebigquickmoney14.Theword“coax”inthelastparagraphisclosetmeaningto________.A.challenge B.persuade C.frighten D.misguide15.Basedonthepassage,whatareFlatironstudentsprobablyexpectedtodo?A.Competewithafuturearmyofprogrammers.B.Staylongerintheinformationtechnologyindustry.C.Becomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworld.D.Bringforthinnovativecomputertechnologies.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了盡早接觸計算機科學課程對學生的益處，以及其可能對未來職業和生活帶來的積極影響。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第二段“

It’snotashardforthemtotransformtheirthoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents..(對他們來說，轉變思維過程不像對高年級學生那樣困難)”可推知，Cortina認為早期接觸計算機科學使得轉變思維方式變得更容易。故選B。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第五段“Buttheskillstheylearn—howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemandorganizetheresults—applytoanycodinglanguage(他們學到的技能——如何通過問題進行邏輯思考并組織結果——適用于任何編程語言)”可推知，DeborahSeehorn認為Flatiron學到的技能將幫助學生學習其他計算機語言。故選A。【14題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據文章最后一段“Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant—theearliertheylearnthattheyhavethepowertodothat—thebetter.”（他們越早知道計算機是如何思考的，以及如何coax機器按照他們的意圖運行——他們越早知道自己有能力做到這一點——就越好。）可知，他們學習計算機如何思考，以及如何引導機器按照他們的意圖運行，他們就越早知道自己的能力。所以劃線單詞“coax”的意思最接近于“persuade”（勸導/引導）。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant—theearliertheylearnthattheyhavethepowertodothat—thebetter.(他們越早知道計算機是如何思考的，以及如何讓機器按照他們的意圖運行——他們越早知道自己有能力做到這一點——就越好)”可推知，Flatiron的學生應該會為數字化世界做好更好的準備。故選C。第二節(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Canada’spremiers(theleadersofprovincialgovernments),iftheyhaveanybreathleftaftercomplainingaboutOttawaattheirlateJulyannualmeeting,mightspareamomenttodosomething,together,toreducehealth-carecosts.They’reallgroaningaboutsoaringhealthbudgets,thefastestgrowingcomponentsofwhicharepharmaceuticalcosts._____16_____.Whattodo?BoththeRomanowcommissionandtheKirbycommitteeonhealthcare—tosaynothingofreportsfromotherexperts—recommendedthecreationofanationaldrugagency.Insteadofeachprovincehavingitsownlistofapproveddrugs,bureaucracy,proceduresandlimitedbargainingpower,allwouldpoolresources,workwithOttawa,andcreateanationalinstitution.____17____.But“national”doesn’thavetomeanthat“National”couldmeaninterprovincial—provincescombiningeffortstocreateonebody.Insteadofhavingoneprovince—oraseriesofhospitalswithinaprovince—negotiateapriceforagivendrugontheprovinciallist,thenationalagencywouldnegotiateonbehalfofallprovinces.Ratherthan,say,Quebec,negotiatingonbehalfofsevenmillionpeople,thenationalagencywouldnegotiateonbehalfof31millionpeople.Basiceconomicssuggeststhegreaterthepotentialconsumers,thehigherthelikelihoodofabetterprice.____18____.AsmallstephasbeentakeninthedirectionofanationalagencywiththecreationoftheCanadianCo-coordinatingOfficeforHealthTechnologyAssessment,fundedbyOttawaandtheprovinces.Underit,aCommonDrugReviewrecommendstoprovinciallistswhichnewdrugsshouldbeincluded.Predictablyandregrettably,Quebecrefusedtojoin.____19____.PremierslovetoquoteMr.Romanow’sreportselectively,especiallythepartsaboutmorefederalmoney.Perhapstheyshouldreadwhathehadtosayaboutdrugs:“Anationaldrugagencywouldprovidegovernmentsmoreinfluenceonpharmaceuticalcompaniesinordertotrytoconstraintheever-increasingcostofdrugs.”____20____SowhenthepremiersgatherinNiagaraFallstoassembletheirusualcomplaintlist,theyshouldalsogetcrackingaboutsomethingintheirjurisdictionthatwouldhelptheirbudgetsandpatients.A.Quebec’sresistancetoanationalagencyisprovincialistideology.OneofthefirstadvocatesforanationallistwasaresearcheratLavalUniversity.Quebec’sDrugInsuranceFundhasseenitscostsskyrocketwithannualincreasesfrom14.3percentto26.8percent!B.OrtheycouldreadMr.Kirby’sreport:“Thesubstantialbuyingpowerofsuchanagencywouldstrengthenthepublicprescription-druginsuranceplanstonegotiatethelowestpossiblepurchasepricesfromdrugcompanies.”C.Whatdoes“notional”mean?RoyRomanowandSenatorMichaelKirbyrecommendedafederalprovincialbodymuchliketherecentlycreatedNationalHealthCouncil.D.Theproblemissimpleandstarkhealth-carecostshavebeen,are,andwillcontinuetoincreasefasterthangovernmentrevenues.E.AccordingtotheCanadianInstituteforHealthInformation,prescriptiondrugcostshaverisensince1997attwicetherateofoverallhealth-carespending.Partoftheincreasecomesfromdrugsbeingusedtoreplaceotherkindsoftreatments.Partofitarisesfromnewdrugscostingmorethanolderkinds.Partofitishigherprices.F.So,iftheprovinceswanttorunthehealth-careshow,theyshouldprovetheycanrunit,startingwithaninterprovincialhealthlistthatwouldendduplication,saveadministrativecosts,preventoneprovincefrombeingplayedoffagainstanother,andbargainforbetterdrugprices.G.Ofcourse,thepharmaceuticalcompanieswillscream.Theylikedividedbuyers,theycanlobbybetterthatway.Theycanusethethreatofremovingjobsfromoneprovincetoanother.Theycanhopethat,ifoneprovinceincludesadrugonitslist,thepressurewillcauseotherstoincludeitontheirs.Theywouldn’tlikeanationalagency,butself-interestwouldleadthemtodealwithit.【答案】16.E17.C18.G19.F20.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論加拿大各省降低醫保成本，提議建全國藥品機構。【16題詳解】由上文“They’reallgroaningaboutsoaringhealthbudgets,thefastestgrowingcomponentsofwhicharepharmaceuticalcosts.(他們都在抱怨不斷飆升的醫療預算，其中增長最快的部分是藥品成本)”可知，本空應進一步說明藥品成本增長的情況。E選項“AccordingtotheCanadianInstituteforHealthInformation,prescriptiondrugcostshaverisensince1997attwicetherateofoverallhealth-carespending.Partoftheincreasecomesfromdrugsbeingusedtoreplaceotherkindsoftreatments.Partofitarisesfromnewdrugscostingmorethanolderkinds.Partofitishigherprices.(根據加拿大衛生信息研究所的數據，自1997年以來，處方藥成本的增長速度是整體醫療支出的兩倍。部分增長是因為藥物被用于替代其他類型的治療。部分是因為新藥比舊藥成本更高。部分是因為價格上漲)”具體闡述了藥品成本增長的情況，能承接上文，符合題意。故選E。【17題詳解】由下文“But“national”doesn’thavetomeanthat“National”couldmeaninterprovincial—provincescombiningeffortstocreateonebody.(但“全國性”不一定是那個意思。“全國性”可以意味著省際合作——各省共同努力組建一個機構)”可知，本空應先提出對“全國性”的一種常規理解，然后再進行轉折說明。C選項“Whatdoes“notional”mean?RoyRomanowandSenatorMichaelKirbyrecommendedafederalprovincialbodymuchliketherecentlycreatedNationalHealthCouncil.(“全國性”是什么意思呢？羅伊?羅馬諾和參議員邁克爾?柯比建議成立一個聯邦與省級聯合的機構，就像最近成立的國家衛生委員會那樣)”提出了對“全國性”的一種解釋，能引出下文的轉折，符合語境。故選C。【18題詳解】由上文“Insteadofhavingoneprovince—ora