高一英語下學期開學收心卷01

英語

總分：150分考試時間：120分鐘

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應項目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其

他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。

第一部分：聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）

第一節（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完

每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatdidthemandolastnight?

A.Hesawamovie.B.Hewenttothepark.C.Hebookedsometickets.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Didyouenjoythemovielastnight?

M:Wecouldn'tgetanytickets,sowewenttotheparkinstead.

2.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Collectacustomer.B.Drivehertotheairport.C.LookforGreg.

【答案】A

【解析】

［原文］W:John,Tvebeenlookingforyou.

M:Isthereaproblem?

W:No.IneedsomeonetopickupacustomerfromtheairportonSaturday.

M:IthoughtGregwasdoingthat.

3.WhatrelationisTimtoJenny?

A.Herheadteacher.B.Herfuturehusband.C.Herelderbrother.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:MysisterJenny'sgettingmarried!

M:Really?When?

W:Nextmonth.She'smarryingTimshemetwhentheywerestudyinginCanada,andwe'reallgoingtoToronto

forthewedding.

M:Soundsgreat.Andhowaboutyourbrother?Whafshebeendoinglately?

4.Whenwillthefirstperformanceend?

A.At7:00.B.At9:00.C.At9:10.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Couldyoutellmethestartingtimesforbothperformances?

M:Thefirstbeginsat7anditlastsfor2hours.Andthentheotheronebegins10minuteslater.

5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Acity.B.Abook.C.Apark.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:NewYorkisabeautifulcity!Iamsohappywearehere,Mike.

M:IamexcitedtoseeCentralPark.Tanya,howmanyparksdoesNewYorkCityhave?

W:Iwilllookinmybook.Hmmm,hereitis!NewYorkCityhasmorethan1,700parks.

第二節（共15小題;每小題L5分,滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最

佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘

的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

6.Whereisthemangoing?

A.Toalibrary.B.Tohishome.C.Toacafe.

7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhispart-timejob?

A.It'sbadly-paid.B.It'sboring.C.Ifssatisfactory.

【答案】6.A7.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Hi,Bob!Whereareyouoffto?

M:Tothelibrary.Ihavetofinishthehomeworkfortomorrow'sclass.

W:Whydon'tyoudoitathome?

M:Ihaveapart-timejobintheeveningsowhenIgethome,rilbetootiredtodoit.

W:Wheredoyouwork?

M:Iworkinacafe.

W:Whydoyoulikethejob?

M:It'sinteresting.Ireallyenjoyworkingwithpeopleandgetextramoney.

W:Howisthepay?

M:Thepay'salright.Iget￡7anhour.IwouldliketoearnmoreasIneedalotofmoneytobuyanewsmartphone.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

8.Whoisansweringthephone?

A.Sam.B.Ben.C.Michelle.

9.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.VisitBentomorrow.

B.Changethemeetingtime.

C.InviteMichelleforlunch.

【答案】8.C9.B

【解析】

【原文】M:Hi,Michelle.ThisisSam.CanIspeakwithBen?

W:Hi,Sam.No,I'msorry.He'snothomerightnow.

M:Doyouknowwhenhe'llbeback?

W:He'sgoingtobeoutforseveralhours.Doyouwanttoleaveamessage?

M:Yeah,thanks.TmsupposedtomeetBenatCafeJoanforlunchatnoontomorrow.ButIhavetoseethedoctor,

soTmgoingtobeafewminuteslate.

W:Doyouknowwhattimeyou'regoingtobethere?

M:TiltrytogetthereassoonasIcan.Ishouldbethereby12:30.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

10.WhatdoweknowaboutKempTownBeach?

A.Itisknownforitscoastalwalks.

B.Itisneartheman'shome.

C.Thewaterthereisclean.

11.Whichbeachwillthespeakersgoto?

ACanveyIslandBeach.B.KempTownBeach.C.BirlingGapBeach.

12.Howwillthespeakersgotothebeach?

A.Bycar.B.Bytaxi.C.Bytrain.

【答案】10.A11.C12.C

【解析】

原文】W:Doyouwanttogotothebeachthisweekend?Bobiscomingtoo.

M:I'dloveto!Whichbeacharewegoingto?

W:Well,wehaven'tdecidedyet.ThenearestbeachLondonhasisCanveyIslandBeach.Itonlytakesanhour's

drivefromLondon,butwegothereoften.

M:WecangotoKempTownBeachinBrightonorBirlingGapBeachinEastSussex.KempTownisfamousforits

coastalwalks,theSevenSisterspathalongthesouthcoast.Wecansurf,swim,andflykites.

W:Soundsfun!Butthewaterisnotsoclean.IprefertogotoBirlingGapbecausethewaterqualityisexcellent.

M:Howlongdoesittaketogetthere?

W:Iflltakeusabouttwohourstogotherebytrain.

M:Actually,Idon'tliketravelingbytrain,butsinceIwillbetravelingwithmyfriendsitshouldbeOK.

W:Great.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。

13.Whoencouragedthemantolearncooking?

A.Hisgrandmother.B.Hismother.C.Histeacher.

14.Howlongdidtheclasslast?

A.6hours.B.8hours.C.10hours.

15.Whatdidthemandoafterthefirsthalfhour?

A.Hemadeameal.B.Hetastedsomedishes.C.Heboughtsomefoods.

16.Howdidthemanfeelattheendoftheday?

A.Tired.B.Dissatisfied.C.Happy.

【答案】13.B14.B15.A16.C

【解析】

【原文】W:HiAdam.Howisthecookingcourseyou'redoing?

M:Well,itwasmymotherwhotoldmetodoit.AtfirstIthoughtitwouldn'tbesointerestingasIdon'twanttobe

acooklikeher.Buthalfanhouraftertheclassstarted,Irealizeditwasgreatfun.

W:Tmsureitwasagreatwaytospendtheday.

M:Itwas!Wewereinakitchenfrom10a.m.to6p.m.Itwasaveryinterestingexperience.Afterthefirsthalfhour

whentheteachertolduswhattouse,ittookmeonlythreehourstomakeaveryspecialmealwithverysimple

foodssuchascheese,vegetablesandeggs.WhenIgotbackintheeveningIwasreallyhappyabouttheresults.

W:Wasthekitchenlarge?

M:Verylarge.AndtodayFiltrytomakeamealformygrandmother.Shereallylovestryingnewdishes.

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。

17.Whatdoesthespeakerremindthelistenerstodo?

A.Buysomephotosfirst.B.Avoidtakingpictures.C.Followhimintothegate.

18.WhereisMarilynMonroe'shouse?

A.Ontheleft.B.Ontheright.C.Aroundthecomer.

19.WhatisJoeDiMaggio?

A.Anactor.B.Abasketballplayer.C.Abaseballplayer.

20.Whosehouseisyellow?

A.JamesDean's.B.JoeDiMaggio's.C.ArnoldSchwarzenegger's.

【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.A

【解析】

【原文】M:Goodafternoon,andwelcometoHollywood,California.AndI'myourtourguide,Jack.Ihopeyouall

enjoytoday'stourofthehousesofthestars.Herewego!Nowremember,youcanbuyphotosofallthestars'

houseswhenthetourisover,sopleasedon'ttakeanypicturesduringthetour,okay?Upontheleftisthehouse

whereMarilynMonroelived.Aftershegotmarried,sheleftthishouseandmovedtoNewYorktolivewithher

husband,afamousAmericanbaseballplayernamedJoeDiMaggio.Now,justaroundthecomeryou'llseeabright

yellowhouse.Canyouseeit?Uponthehill?ThisiswhereJamesDeanlived.Finally,doyouseethatbiggateon

theright?Well,thisistheentrancetoArnoldSchwarzenegger5shouse.Unfortunately,youcan'tseethehousefrom

here,andwe'renotallowedtogoinsidethegate.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分42.5分）

第一節（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

（江蘇省泰州市2023-2024學年高一上學期期末模擬）

ChineseLanguageProgramforInternationalStudents

Thenon-degreeChineseLanguageProgramofChongqingUniversityoffersChineselanguageandculture

coursestointernationalstudents.Theprogramcoverslevelsfrombeginnerstoadvancedlearners.Thecourses

includeComprehensiveChinese,Speaking,Listening,Reading,Writing,andChineseCulture.

Requirements

?Non-Chinesecitizenswithavalid（有效的）passport,ingoodphysicalandmentalhealth.

?Highschoolgraduatesorabove,betweentheagesof18and55.

Application伸請）Documents

?Personalinformationpageofthepassport:Thepassportshallbevalidforatleastoneyear.Forapplicants

whoarealreadyinChina,aphotocopyofVisaorResidencePermitshouldbeprovidedaswell.

?Bankstatement:Thebalanceshouldbenolessthan30,000RMB.

?Physicalexaminationform:TheformshallbefilledbythedoctorinChineseorEnglish.Examinationresults

shallbeuploaded.Pleasecarefullyplanyourphysicalexaminationscheduleastheresultisvalidforonly6months.

?StudyorWorkcertificate（證明）：Forapplicantswho5renowstudyingorworkinginalargeorganization,a

CertificateofEnrollmentorEmploymentissuedbytheorganizationisrequired.

ApplicationandAdmissionProcedures

?Visitourwebsitehttps://cqu.17/member/login.do,andcreateanaccountinouronlineapplication

system.Fillintheapplicationformanduploadrequiredsupportingdocuments.

?Paytheapplicationfeeonlineandhandintheapplication.

ApplicationDeadline

?31stMayforautumnintake

?30thNovemberforspringintake

Fees（RMB）

?ApplicationFee:400RMB

?TuitionFee（學費）：7,000RMB/Semester;13,000RMB/Year

Referto/Tuition_and_Accommodation^ees.htmformoreinformation.

Contactinformation

Formoreinformation,pleasesendanemailtoadmissions@.

Wealsowelcomeyoutovisitourwebsitehttp://study.cqu.edu.cn/.

21.Whichofthefollowingistherequirementforapplicants?

A.Theyshouldbehealthyinmindandbody.

B.Theyshouldbeattheageof16orolder.

C.TheyshouldbeabletospeakChinesewell.

D.Theyshouldbeahighschoolstudent.

22.Whatinformationdoallapplicantsoftheprogramhavetoprovide?

A.TheirtimeinChina.B.Theirworkexperience.

C.Theirlearningability.D.Theirbankstatement.

23.Whichofthefollowingcanyouvisittofinishtheapplicationform?

A.https://cqu.17gz.org/member/login.do

B./

C.admissions@

D./Tuition_and_Accommodation^ees.htm

【答案】21.A22.D23.A

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了重慶大學為國際學生提供的漢語語言和文化課程學習項目的

相關信息。

[21題詳解】

細節理解題。根據Requirements部分的"Non?Chinesecitizenswithavalid（有效的）passport,ingoodphysical

andmentalhealth.（非中國籍公民，持有效護照，身心健康。戶可知，申請人需要身心都健康。故選A。

[22題詳解】

細節理解題。根據ApplicationDocuments部分的“Bankstatement:Thebalanceshouldbenolessthan30,000

RMB.（銀行對賬單：余額不低于3萬元人民幣。廠可知，申請人必須提供銀行結單。故選D。

【23題詳解】

細節理解題。根據ApplicationandAdmissionProcedures部分的“Visitourwebsite

https://cqu.17/member/login.do,andcreateanaccountinouronlineapplicationsystem.Fillintheapplication

formanduploadrequiredsupportingdocuments.（訪問我們的網站https://cqu.17/member/login.do，并在我

們的在線申請系統中創建一個帳戶。填寫申請表并上傳所需證明文件。戶可知，填申請表需要訪問https:〃

cqu.17/member/login.doo故選A。

B

（廣東省珠海市廣東實驗中學珠海金灣學校2023-2024學年高一上學期12月考試）Myhandswereshaking

uncontrollably.ItriedincrediblyhardtofocusonthewordsthatIspenthoursputtingdownonpaper.Itriedto

conquermyfearofspeakinginpubliconnumerousoccasionsthroughoutmylife.Duringcollegeandatmyfirst

fewjobs,IwouldgetridiculouslynervouswhenIhadtogiveapresentationorleadameeting.Publicspeakinghad

beenmynightmareforaslongasIcouldremember.

Theninmymid-thirties,IdecidedtojointhepublicspeakinggroupToastmasters.Ateverymeeting,wewere

ratedandforcedtocompetewithotherspeakersforanaward.YouwouldthinkthatIwouldwalkawayfromthese

experiencesasapolishedspeaker,butnothingseemedtowork.

Itwasn'tuntilrecently,whenscienceandscientificinstitutionswerebeingattackedforunfairreasonsduring

thepandemic,thatIdecidedImustspeakout.Sciencehasmadethiscountryaplacewheredreamscometrue一

thisiswhyweallneedtoprotectscience.Inaddition,6asasciencewriter,Itrytogetreaderstounderstandhow

scienceisrelatedtotheirdailylives.

SoIendeduponthatfrighteningstageonthatsunnySaturdayinApril-EarthDay.Despitethebodyshakes

andfear,Ipersevered.Thatday,Ilookedoutintothecrowdoflike-mindedsciencesupportersandIfeltcomfort.

Reachingthatmilestonegoalofgettingthroughaspeechtrulychangedme.Atalmostforty,Ilearnedthat

passioncansetoffaflamein-myhearttodothingsIneverdreamedpossible.Thedarknessthatledtomyspeechis

suretoleadtonewopportunitiesandadventures.

24.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“conquer“inPara.1?

A.Face.B.Control.C.Forget.D.Develop.

25.HowdidtheauthorbehaveaboutpublicspeakingafterleavingToastmasters?

A.Hebegantofeellessworried.B.Hebecameapolishedspeaker.

C.Heremainedashyspeaker.D.Thingsbecameworseforhim.

26.WhatmadetheauthorwanttospeakoutonEarthDay?

A.Itwasagoodchancetolearnscience.B.Hemustriseuptoprotecthisprofession.

C.ItwasaprojectorganizedbyToastmasters.D.Hecouldn'thavepeopleattackingscience.

27.Whatlessondidtheauthordrawfromhissuccessfulspeech?

A.Passioncanencourageustoachievetheunachievable.

B.Anydifficultycanbeovercomewithgreateffort.

C.Sciencecanleadustomakewonderfulchanges.

D.Failurecanbesteppingstonestosuccess.

【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.A

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者如何克服對公開演講的恐懼，并在年近四十時發現了自

己的激情，最終在科學演講中找到了新的機會和冒險的經歷。

【24題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據劃線單詞上一句"Myhandswereshakinguncontrollably.Itriedincrediblyhardtofocusonthe

wordsthatIspenthoursputtingdownonpaper.（我的手無法控制地顫抖著。我非常努力地把注意力集中在我花

了幾個小時寫在紙上的單詞上。廠可判斷，作者是想“克服或控制”這種恐懼。選項A“Face（面對）”；選項

B“Control（控制廣；選項C"Forget（忘記廣；選項D"Develop（發展廣。故選B。

【25題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Theninmymid-thirties,IdecidedtojointhepublicspeakinggroupToastmasters.

Ateverymeeting,wewereratedandforcedtocompetewithotherspeakersforanaward.YouwouldthinkthatI

wouldwalkawayfromtheseexperiencesasapolishedspeaker,butnothingseemedtowork.（在我35歲左右的時

候，我決定加入公共演講團體Toastmasters。在每次會議上，我們都會被評分，并被迫與其他演講者競爭獎

項。你可能會認為，這些經歷會讓我成為一名出色的演講者，但似乎沒有什么奏效。廣可知，加入公共演講

團體Toastmasters對作者并沒有什么作用，也就是說他仍然是一個害羞的演講者。故選C。

【26題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章第三段“Itwasn'tuntilrecently,whenscienceandscientificinstitutionswerebeingattacked

forunfairreasonsduringthepandemic,thatIdecidedImustspeakout.Sciencehasmadethiscountryaplace

wheredreamscometrue——thisiswhyweallneedtoprotectscience.Inaddition,4asasciencewriter,Itrytoget

readerstounderstandhowscienceisrelatedtotheirdailylives.（直到最近，當科學和科學機構在疫情期間因不公

平的原因受到攻擊時，我才決定我必須大聲疾呼。科學使這個國家成為夢想成真的地方——這就是為什么

我們都需要保護科學。止匕外，作為一名科學作家，我試圖讓讀者了解科學與他們的日常生活是如何相關的。）”

可知，作者想在地球日發聲是想保護科學，不讓人們攻擊科學和科學機構。故選D。

【27題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章最后一段“Reachingthatmilestonegoalofgettingthroughaspeechtrulychangedme.At

almostforty,Ilearnedthatpassioncansetoffaflamein-myhearttodothingsIneverdreamedpossible.The

darknessthatledtomyspeechissuretoleadtonewopportunitiesandadventures.（完成演講這個里程碑式的目標

真的改變了我。快40歲的時候，我明白了激情可以點燃我心中的火焰，讓我做一些我做夢都想不到的事情。

導致我發表演講的黑暗肯定會帶來新的機會和冒險。戶可知，作者認為熱情能夠幫助我們做我們以為自己做

不到的事情。故選A。

C

（山東省百師聯盟2023-2024學年高一上學期12月考試）ScientistsattheUniversityof

Massachusetts（UMass）announcedrecentlythattheyhaveworkedouthowtodesignabioElm（生物膜）thatcollects

theenergyinevaporation（蒸發）andchangesittoelectricity.Thisbiofilm,whichwasannouncedinNature,hasthe

abilitytochangetheworldofwearableelectronics,poweringeverythingfrompersonalmedicalsensors（感應器）to

personalelectronics.

“Thisisaveryimpressivetechnology,saysLiXiumeng,agraduatestudentinelectricalandcomputerenergy,

“andunlikeotherso-called'green-energy'sources,itsproductionisabsolutelygreen.”

Thatisbecausethisbiofilm-whichisasheetofbacterialcells侈田菌Z田胞）andasthinasasheetofpaper-is

producednaturallybyanimprovedversionofthebacteriumGeo.Geoisknowntoproduceelectricityandhasbeen

usedbeforein“microbialbatteries^^topowerelectricalequipment.ButsuchbatteriesrequirethatGeobeproperly

caredforandfedacontinuousdiet.Bycontrast,thisnewbiofilm,whichcansupplyasmuchenergyasabatteryof

thesimilarsize,workscontinuously,becauseitisdead.Andbecauseitisdead,itdoesn'tneedtobefed.

Thesecretbehindthisnewbiofilmisthatitmakesenergyfromthemoisture（水分）onyourskin.Whilewe

dailyreadstoriesaboutsolarpower（太陽能）,atleast50%ofthesolarenergyreachingtheearthgoestoward

evaporatingwater.<aThisisahuge,undiscoveredsourceofenergy,saysYeXun,professorofelectricaland

computerengineeringatUMass,andthepaper5soneseniorauthor.Sincethesurfaceofourskinisalwayswetwith

sweat,thebiofilmcanmakeuseofitandchangetheenergylockedinevaporationintoenoughenergytopower

smallequipment.taOurnextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoresmarterwearableelectronics,“

saysYe,andLipointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.

28.WhichcanbiofilmdoaccordingtoParagraph1?

A.Inventwearableelectronics.B.Getpowerfromevaporation.

C.Supplyenergytomicrobialbatteries.D.Producemoreelectricitythanbefore.

29.Thebiofilmisbetterthan"microbialbatteries^^because.

A.itisrelativelythinnerB.itisenvironmentallyfriendly

C.itappliesarareenergysourceD.itdecreasesthecostinusage

30.WhatdoYeandLithinkofthefutureofthebiofilm?

A.Doubtful.B.Bright.C.Unclear.D.Harmful.

31.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Tointroduceustoanewbiofilm.

B.Todescribethedisadvantagesofthebiofilm.

C.Tocomparethenewbiofilmwithothers.

D.Tochangepeople'sviewonthenewbiofilm.

【答案】28.B29.D30.B31,A

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了一種生物膜，可以在蒸發過程中收集能量，并將其轉化為電能。

并且其生產也是真正的綠色環保。

[28題詳解】

細節理解題。根據文章第一段“ScientistsattheUniversityofMassachusetts（UMass）announcedrecentlythatthey

haveworkedouthowtodesignabiofilm（生物膜）thatcollectstheenergyinevaporation（蒸發）andchangesitto

electricity.（馬薩諸塞大學（UniversityofMassachusetts,UMass）的科學家最近宣布，他們已經設計出一種生物

膜，可以收集蒸發過程中的能量并將其轉化為電能。廠可知，生物膜從蒸發中獲取能量，故選B。

[29題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Bycontrast,thisnewbiofilm,whichcansupplyasmuchenergyasabatteryofthe

similarsize,workscontinuously,becauseitisdead.Andbecauseitisdead,itdoesn'tneedtobeffed.（相比之下，這

種新的生物膜可以提供與同等大小的電池一樣多的能量，并且可以連續工作，因為它是死的。因為它已經

死了，所以不需要喂食。）”可知，生物膜與微生物電池相比，其優勢是降低了使用成本，故選D。

【30題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據最后一段的“Thisisahuge,undiscoveredsourceofenergy（這是一種巨大的、未被發現的能

源）"和“"Ournextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoresmarterwearableelectronics,saysYe,and

Lipointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.（Ye說：“我們

的下一步是增加薄膜的尺寸，為更智能的可穿戴電子設備供電。”Li指出，目標之一是為整個電子系統供電，

而不是單個設備。戶可知，Ye和Li認為生物膜的未來是光明的，故選B。

【31題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的"ScientistsattheUniversityofMassachusetts（UMass）announced

recentlythattheyhaveworkedouthowtodesignabiofilm（生物膜）thatcollectstheenergyinevaporation（蒸發）

andchangesittoelectricity.（馬薩諸塞大學（UniversityofMassachusetts,UMass）的科學家最近宣布，他們已經設

計出一種生物膜，可以收集蒸發過程中的能量并將其轉化為電能。廠可知，文章介紹了一種生物膜，可以在

蒸發過程中收集能量，并將其轉化為電能。并且其生產也是真正的綠色環保，因此本文目的是向我們介紹

一種新的生物膜。故選A。

D

（江蘇省蘇州第一中學2023-2024學年高一上學期1月自主學習能力檢測）Humans，lightatnightdoesnot

spareeventheseafromitsglare（強光）.Researcherspublishedthefirstglobalmapofoceanlightpollution.It

showslargepartsoftheseaarelitupatnight.Andthatrisksconfusingordisruptingthebehaviorsofsealife.

TimSmythledateamtoresearchtheareasoftheoceanwherelightpollutionisstrongest.Smythandhis

colleaguesstartedwithaworldmapofman-madenight-skybrightnessthathadbeencreatedin2016.Thenthey

addeddataontheoceanandatmosphere.Somedatacamefromshipboardmeasurementsofman-madelightinthe

water.Otherscamefromsatelliteimagesthatjudgehowclearthewateris.Particles（微粒）inthewater,suchastiny

floatingplantsandanimals,canaffecthowfardownwardlighttravels.Thesefactorsvaryfromplacetoplaceand

maychangewiththeseasons.Theteamalsousedcomputerstocopyhowdifferentwavelengthsoflightmove

throughwater.

Next,theywantedtoknowhowthatunderwaterlightmightaffectanimals.Notallspecieswillbeeasily

affected.Theteamfocusedoncopepods（槎足亞2岡甲殼動物）.Thesecommoncreaturesareakeypartofmany

oceanfoodchains.Theyuselightasasignaltomovealltogethertothedarkdeep,seekingsafetyfromother

surfacecreatures.Normallytheyusethesunorthewintermoonastheirsignal.Toomuchman-madelightcanmess

uptheirusualpatterns.

Lightpollutionisstrongestinaboutthreefeetofthewater.Here,man-madelightcanbestrongenoughto

confusethecopepods.Nearly2millionsquarekilometersofoceangetsuchstrongnightlight.Thafsanareaabout

thesizeofMexico.Fartherdown,thelightgetsweaker.Buteven65feetdeep,ifsstillbrightenoughtobother

copepodsacross840,000squarekilometersofocean.

TheteampublisheditsfindingsonDecember13inElementa:ScienceoftheAnthropocene.

32.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“disrupting“inParagraph1?

A.Upsetting.B.Observing.C.Ensuring.D.Protecting.

33.Whatdoweknowaboutcopepodsfromthepassage?

A.Theyaremaineatersofothercreatures.

B.Theyarenotaffectedbyunderwaterlight.

C.Theycanescapeattackswiththehelpoflight.

D.Theycanweakentheeffectofman-madelight.

34.HowdoestheauthorshowtheseriousnessoflightpollutioninParagraph4?

A.Bystatingopinions.B.Bylistingnumbers.

C.Byraisingquestions.D.Bygivingreasons.

35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.LightPollutionfromSeaLifeB.LivingConditionsofCopepods

C.DiscoveriesofCopepodsD.LightPollutionEveninSea

【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.D

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是海洋中也有光污染以及光污染對海洋生物的影響。

【32題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據第一段的"Itshowslargepartsoftheseaarelitupatnight.Andthatrisksconfusing（它顯示了

大片海域在夜間被點亮。這可能會使困惑）”和“thebehaviorsofsealife（海洋生物的行為）”可知，劃線詞所在的

句子表示“大片海域在夜間被點亮。這可能會混淆或擾亂海洋生物的行為”，因此劃線詞disrupting的意思是

“擾亂",和upset意思相近。故選A項。

【33題詳解】

細節理解題。根據第三段的"Theyuselightasasignaltomovealltogethertothedarkdeep,seekingsafetyfrom

othersurfacecreatures.（它們用光作為信號，一起移動到黑暗的深處，尋求遠離其他表面生物的安全地方）“可

知，樓足亞綱甲殼動物動物可以在光的幫助下躲避攻擊。故選C項。

【34題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第四段的"Nearly2millionsquarekilometersofoceangetsuchstrongnightlight.Thafsanarea

aboutthesizeofMexico.Fartherdown,thelightgetsweaker.Buteven65feetdeep,ifsstillbrightenoughto

bothercopepodsacross840,000squarekilometersofocean.（近200萬平方公里的海洋受到如此強烈的夜光照

射。這是一個相當于墨西哥大小的地區。越往下，光線就越弱。但即使是65英尺深，它仍然足夠明亮，足

以困擾84萬平方公里海洋中的槎足類動物）”可推知，作者在第四段通過列出數字來展示光污染的嚴重性。

故選B項。

【35題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的"Humans'lightatnightdoesnotspareeventheseafromitsglare（強光）.

Researcherspublishedthefirstglobalmapofoceanlightpollution.Itshowslargepartsoftheseaarelitupatnight.

Andthatrisksconfusingordisruptingthebehaviorsofsealife.（人類夜晚的光線即使是大海也無法免受其眩光。

研究人員發表了第一張全球海洋光污染地圖。它顯示了大海的大部分在夜晚被點亮。這可能會混淆或擾亂

海洋生物的行為）”可知，本文主要講的是光污染對海洋生物的影響。由此可知，D項LightPollutionEvenin

Sea（海洋中的光污染）適合作本文標題。故選D項。

第二節（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

（福建省三明市五校聯考2023-2024學年高一上學期期中考試英語試題）ThreeinfivepeopleintheUK

holdalibrarycard.Forsome,they'reashelterfromthestressesofday-to-daylife.36Ifyou'reconsidering

joiningyourlocallibrary,nowisthetimetodoso.Andifyouneedanymoreencouragement,hereareseveral

reasonswhyyoushould.

MostlibrariesintheUKallowmembersofthegeneralpublictocomeandgoastheylike.37Youcan

alsotakeoutalibrarycardandborrowbooksforfree,althoughyouwillinevitablyfaceafineforlatereturns.

38Imaginejusthowmanybooksyouhaveatyourfingertipswithalibrarycard?Therearelotsof

modemones,aswellasoriginals,andyoucancontinuetoexpandyourlearningandvocabularyallthetime.Ifsa

pricelessexperience,especiallyforkids,andalsoagreatwaytoleveltheeducationalplayingfield.

Librariesdevelopwithtimes.Theyhavechangedgreatlysincedecadesago.39Somelibrarieshave

appssoyoucanseewhenyourbooksareduebackandevenreservebooksinsomecases.Therearealsolibraries

whichletyouaccessbooksindigitalformatsonyourmobiledevice-prettycool.

Librariesareoneofveryfewspacesleftintownsandcitieswheremembersofthepubliccancometogether

andactuallybeandfeellikeacommunity.Theyhavenoticeboardstoofferserviceslikeexerciseclassesor