專題17句子還原六選四之議論文（中）

目錄

題型綜述.........................................................................2

解題攻略.........................................................................3

題型01論點句題................................................................3

題型02論據支撐句題.............................................................5

題型03過渡銜接句題.............................................................7

題型04總結句題.................................................................9

高考練場........................................................................11

01題型綜述

?題型簡介

上海高考英語閱讀句子還原六選四議論文，旨在考查學生對議論性文本的語篇連貫性與邏輯性的把握。此類文章圍繞特

定觀點展開論述,作者運用論據，推理來支持或反駁論點，話題涉獵教育改革，社會現象剖析，道德倫理探討等領域,行文依

靠論點，論據與論證的緊密配合，語言富有邏輯性,結構層次分明，而題型要求學生從六個備選句子里挑出四個恰當的，嵌入

文中空缺處，使文章語義通順，論證連貫。

?命題類型

＞論點句：常處于段落開頭，用來明確提出該段落的核心主張，引領后續的論證闡述,為全段定下論述基調，例如“In

additiontoeconomicbenefits,thereisanothercrucialaspecttoconsider.”,旗幟鮮明開啟新論述方向。

A論據支撐句：為已提出的論點補充事實依據，具體案例，統計數據名人名言等內容，讓抽象論點變得鮮活可感，增強說

服力。比如論點是“運動有益身心”，論據句可能列舉長期運動人群的健康數據。

＞過渡銜接句:位于段落之間或段落內部，起到承上啟下的關鍵作用，既總結上文關鍵要點,又自然流暢地開啟下文新話

題，確保論證層層遞進，環環相扣，就像“However,thesituationisfarfromperfect,andnewproblemshaveemerged.”,在

轉折間推進論述。

＞總結句：常出現在段末，對全段論述內容進行扼要概括，再次強調論點,加深讀者印象，或者對后續論證走向做含蓄鋪

墊，如"Inshort,weneedtotakeimmediateactiontoaddressthisissue."。

?解題思路

?速覽全文抓主旨：快速通讀文章，尤其留意文章標題，首段以及每段首尾句，迅速提煉核心論點，明確文章圍繞什么主

題，秉持什么立場在展開議論，為后續解題錨定大方向。

?分析空處位置定功能：若空缺處在段首，優先考慮論點句,要能提綱挈領，位于段中，大概率是銜接過渡或補充論據，要

是在段尾,多為總結收尾，或是拋出引出下段的懸念話題。

?找關鍵詞匹配:仔細研讀空缺處上下文,圈出關鍵實詞，比對選項,找出與之匹配的詞匯，像同義詞，反義詞,同類詞，借助

語義關聯鎖定潛在答案，例如上文提及“environmentalprotection”,選項含“greeninitiatives”就值得關注。

?依循邏輯關系選：關注文中邏輯連接詞，如表示并列的“and”“also”，轉折的“but”“however”,因果的“so”“therefbre”

等，據此判斷選項與上下文邏輯是否契合，使文章論證行云流水。

?代入通讀核查：把選好的句子依次填入文中，完整通讀一遍，檢查文章整體語義連貫，邏輯通順與否,如有語義跳躍，銜

接生硬的地方，需重新審視選項。

02解題攻略

題型01論點句題

提分秘籍

圖后弱

?關注段首或段尾:論點句通常出現在段首或段尾，段首論點句要根據后文內容推斷，查找同義詞或

相關詞，段尾論點句則要總結上文。

?利用關鍵詞和重復信息：快速瀏覽選項和文章，找出關鍵詞和重復信息，這些往往是概括主題的

線索。

?排除干擾項：干擾項可能過于寬泛，以偏概全或偏離主題，通過對比排除這些選項。

典伊坦近

【來源】上海市復旦大學附屬中學青浦分校2023-2024學年高三下學期3月質量檢測英語試卷

Manychildrenfirstlearnthevalueofmoneybyreceivinganallowance(pocketmoney).Thepurposeistoletchildren

learnfromexperienceatanagewhenfinancialmistakesarenotverycostly.

21.Timingisanotherconsideration.Somechildrengetaweeklyallowance.Othersgetamonthlyallowance.In

anycase,parentsshouldmakeclearwhat,ifanything,thechildisexpectedtopayforwiththemoney.

A.Manybanksofferservicestohelpchildrenandteenagerslearnaboutpersonalfinance.

B.Theycanshareitintheformofgiftsorgivingtoagoodcause.

C.Itisagoodvirtueforchildrentoformahabittolearnhowtosavemoney.

D.Theamountofmoneythatparentsgivetotheirchildrentospendastheywishdiffersfromfamilytofamily.

E.Parentsareusuallyadvisednottooffermoremoneyuntilthenextallowance.

F.Parentsaresupposedtotelltheirchildrenhowtheyshouldspendtheirpocketmoneywiselybuttherefusedtodoso.

典伊坦近

3Asyoumighthavealreadyguessed,notgivingintothefirstnegativethoughtisoneofthebeststrategiestodeal

withworrying.Bypushingthatnegativethoughtawayassoonasitappearsyoucangiveyourselfthechancenottofallintothis

worryingtrap.

A.Moreworryingmeansmoretimewasted.

B.Thisiswherethedownwardcycleoftenbegins.

C.Butwhatwemaynotknowisitsnegativeeffects.

D.Butdoyouknowhowtheworryingprocessstarts?

E.However,therearestillwaystobreakfreefromthiscycle.

F.Youmaystudyharderifworriedabout,forexample,anupcomingexam.

題型02論據支撐句題

提分秘籍

圖后弱

?分析段落內部邏輯：論據支撐句通常出現在段落內部,要根據段落論點句和前后句的邏輯關系來

確定答案。

?關注邏輯關系標志詞：注意設空處前后句中的邏輯關系標志詞,如條件，原因，讓步，遞進，對比，列

舉,結果等，根據這些詞提示的邏輯關系選擇合適的論據支撐句。

?尋找相關信息詞：在選項中尋找與設空處前后句相關的詞匯或信息確保論據支撐句與上下文內

容緊密相連。

典例剖析

Googleismydoctor

【來源】上海市上海華東政法大學附屬松江高級中學2023-2024學年下學期3月月考試卷

AdamsisoneofanincreasingnumberofpeoplewhohavestartedusingtheInternettogethealthadvice.Theadvantages

arenumerous,startingofcoursewiththeobviousconvenienceofgettingadiagnosisfromthecomfortofyourownhome.

26ButtheInternetcanprovideavastnumberofspecializedexperts,andGooglingcanhelpyoutapintothat.

DiagnosingminormedicalproblemsfrominformationontheInternetcanalsohaveanimpactonsociety'smedicalcosts.

YoucancompareinsectbiteswithInternetpictures,askwhattypetheyareandwhethertheyaredangerouswithoutwasting

yourbusydoctor'sprecioustime.

However,itmustbesaidthatdiagnosisistricky,andcomparingyourrash（疹子）withanonlinephotomayleadyoudownthe

wrongpath.27Doctorsalsotakeintoaccount

yourmedicalhistory,stateofmind,etc.Sonocomputerizedsymptomschecklistcanequalacompleteprofessional

assessment.

A.Onaprofessionallevel,thereisnowayonedoctorcarbeanexpertineverything.

B.ItwasnotuntilheturnedtotheInternetthathemanagedtoidentifyhiscondition.

C.Thisconditionwastheveryonethatmadehimunabletospeak

D.Appearanceprovidesonlytenpercentoftheinformationneededtomakeadiagnosis.

E.Donotunderestimatethevalueoftalkingtorealpeople-doctorsandtelephonehelplineswillhelpyouputwhatyouread

intocontext.

F.Tosumup,ifyourdoctorrefusestotalktoyou,theInternetwillgiveyouabettersolution.

典例周近

Inaworldthatdemandspeopletospecializeearly,wefaceachallengetokeepthebenefitsofdiverseexperiencesand

delayedconcentration.There?saneedforthosewithJack'searlyfocus.15—Peoplewhostartwithmanydifferent

thingsandacceptvariousexperiences.Peoplewithrange.

A.Therewasnotimetowaste.

B.Anditwasallgoingaccordingtoplan.

C.ThegrowingcomplexityoftheworldalsocallsformoreSams.

D.Butitdidn'tseemtoholdbackhisdevelopmentinthelongrun.

E.Inreality,theSam'spathtosuccessisfarmorecommon,yetlesstold.

F.IncontrasttoJack,Samdidn'tshowsignificantsportingtalentuntillater.

題型03過渡銜接句題

辱紗籍

O國國

?瞻前顧后找啟示：閱讀設空處前后句，尋找提示詞，短語或句子，結合上下文內容，看所選答案是否

能將兩部分內容銜接起來。

?利用過渡銜接詞語：注意選項中出現的過渡銜接詞語，如表示并列，遞進，轉折，因果等關系的詞語,

根據這些詞語確定過渡句表示的邏輯關系。

?理清邏輯關系：明確選項與上下文之間的邏輯關系，如順逆關系，因果關系，解釋關系,例證關系等,

確保過渡自然。

典例剖析

【來源】上海市復旦大學附屬中學2023-2024學年高三上學期階段練習試卷

Thenagain,who'stosaythatcertaintypesofirrationalthinkingaren'texactlywhattheworldneeds?Maybeyou'vehad

grandplansbeforebutstoppedyourself,thinking,4tThafsimpossible/9or,"Thatcoststoomuch,^^or,“Thatwon'tbenefitme.^^

30Kidscanbefullofinspiringaspirationsandhopefulthinking.Likemywishthatnoonewenthungryorthateverything

wereafreekindofutopia（不切實際的空想）.Sometimesaknowledgeofhistoryandthepastfailuresofutopianidealscanbe

aburdenbecauseyouknowthatifeverythingwerefree,thenthefoodstockswouldbecomedepletedandscarceandleadto

chaos.Butinordertomakeanythingareality,youhavetodreamaboutitfirst.

31Forinstance,theMuseumofGlassinTacoma,Washington,hasaprogram

calledKidsDesignGlass,andkidsdrawtheirownideasforglassart.Theresidentartistssaidtheygotsomeoftheirbest

ideasthroughtheprogrambecausekidsdon'tthinkaboutthelimitationsofhowharditcanbetoblowglassintocertainshapes;

theyjustthinkofgoodideas.

A.Inmanyways,ourcouragetoimaginehelpspushbacktheboundariesofpossibility.

B.Therefore,asyoucanseeevidencedbysuchexamples,agehasabsolutelynothingtodowithit.

C.Whafsevenworsethanrestrictionisthatadultsoftenunderestimatekids'abilities.

D.Thereality,unfortunately,isalittledifferent,andithasalottodowithtrust,oralackofit.

E.Forbetterorworse,wekidsaren'theldbackasmuchwhenitcomestothinkingaboutreasonswhynottodothings.

F.Butthere'saproblemwiththisrosypictureofkidsbeingsomuchbetterthanadults.

典例剖析

Happinessisaparadoxical（自相矛盾）goal.Weallwanttobehappy,yetweoftenfailatpredictingwhatwillmakeus

happy.Wepursuegoalslikewealth,fitness,statusandmasteryonlytofindthatachievingthemdoesn'treallychangeourlive.

16Weworryaboutthingswecannotcontrol,holdgrudges（仇恨）againstpeoplewecannotinfluence,andspendtimeon

activitieswedon'ttrulyvalue.

17Butfrommyperspective,Ihavefoundafewmaximsthathavemademylifebetter.

Meetotherpeoplemorethanhalfway.

Weareanarcissisticspecies.20Evenouroutwardlydirectedthoughtsareoftenself-centered:Wecareabout

ourrelationshipwithotherpeople.Absentourinterestinthem,wedirectlittlementalcapacitytowardsothers9viewpoints.

Thosearemyrulesforhappiness,whatareyours?Whatthingsdoyoutrytolivebythatmakeyouhappier?Shareyour

thoughtsinthecomments.

A.Remembereverythingisachoice.

B.Strivingisgood,butachievingisoverrated（高估）.

C.Nearlyallofourthoughtsaredirectedtowardsourselves

D.Idon'tclaimtohavediscoveredtherecipeforhappiness

E.Incontrast,weoftendeliberatelymakeourselvesmiserable

F.Muchofhappinessliesinlittlejoysandmomentsthatwecaneasilyoverlook.

題型04總結句題

提分秘籍

目目圖困

?注意總結性信號詞：總結概括句常含有總結性的信號詞，如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,in

short,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等。

?總結上文內容：根據上文的論述內容，選擇能夠總結或概括上文觀點,信息的選項。

?與主題句呼應：總結概括句要與文章或段落的主題句相呼應，確保文章結構完整，邏輯清晰。

典例剖析

【來源】上海市行知中學2023-2024學年高三上學期月考英語試卷

Tosueornottosue?Theriseandriseofthecompensationculture

PerhapsifsnotsurprisingthatRoslynDarchofHouston,Texas,USAfeltannoyedwhenshetripped（絆侄I）overakid

runningaroundfurniturestore,andbrokeherankle.65TheownerswereclearlysurprisedatthesizeofRoslyn's

payout.Particularlysincethekidshetrippedoverwasherownson.

Ifyouthinkthatgoingonholidayisagoodwaytogetawayfromallthistrouble,thinkagain-millionsofpeople

complaintotheBritishTouristAuthorityeveryyear,andmanyreceivesomeformofcompensation.StaffatBritishtravel

companyThomsonHolidaysareusedtodealingwithrequestsforcompensationfollowingpoorweather,cancelledflightsand

lostluggage,butonespokesmanrevealed,C6Werecentlyhadaclaimfromsomeonewhosaidtheirholidaywasruinedbecause

theydidn'tgetonwiththeirtravellingcompanion.68”

A.Noteveryonetakesitforgrantedtoaskforcompensationforphysicalinjuries.

B.Andit'snottheonlyclaimforphysicalinjuriesthatarekeepingthelawyersbusy.

C.Andweregularlygetcomplaintsfromholidaymakerstravellingabroadwhosaythelocalsdon'tspeakEnglish!

D.Otherswouldsaythatifsgoodtoseethelawtakingthesideoftheindividualagainstthebigcorporations,forachange.

E.It'sdifficultfortheBritishTouristAuthoritytosettlethecomplaints.

F.Butafewmonthslater,shewas$780,000richeraftersuccessfullysuing（起訴）theshop.

典例w也

28Nordoesitdenytheneedforobviousgoalsforstudents'knowledgedevelopment.Rather,the

future-focusededucationliteraturesuggestsweneedtoadoptamuchmorecomplexviewofknowledge,onethatincorporates

knowing,doingandbeing.Alongsidethisweneedtorethinkourideasabouthowourlearningsystemsareorganized,resourced

andsupported.Researchclearlyshowsthatpeopledonotlearnwellaspassiverecipients（接受者）ofpre-packaged,bite-sized

piecesofknowledge.29

Althoughsomeoftheseprinciplesareunderstoodbymanyteachers,oureducationsystemsandpracticesareoftensetup

inwaysthatdonotsupporttheseprinciplestooperateinpractice.Teachersandschoolleadersareattemptingparadigm（范式）

shifts.30

A.Thereneedstobewiderpublicsupportforthem.

B.Therearetwoimportantideasthatsupportthiswork.

C.Thisdoesnotmeanthatknowledgenolongermatters.

D.Goodlearningrequiresactiveengagementinthe"wholegame”.

E.Wearerequiredtoprepareyoungpeoplefortheknowledgeage.

F.Thisispossibleonlywhenactivelearningapproachesareapplied.

03高考練場

A

【來源】上海市延安中學2024-2025學年上學期校考試卷

Techcompanieswantyourkid'sbirthdate.Shouldyoutellthem?

Technologycompaniesalreadyknowallaboutyouandyourfamily,includingyourlocation,interestsandotherdetails.

Butrecentlytheyhavebeenaskingaquestionthatcanfeelalittletoopersonal.Streamingservices,gamesandsocialmedia

companieswanttoknowyoungchildren'sbirthdates.

1.Theappoftenknowsachildiswatchingthankstobuilt-insettingsthatletyousetupprofilesforkids.

Familiesarefacedwithahardchoice:shareasensitivepieceofinformationabouttheirchild,lieorfindanewwaytowatch

“Bluey.”"Itmakesmeuncomfortable,andobviouslymychildrencannotagreetothatprofilebeingcreated,9,saidDanRaile,a

stay-at-homeparentinSanFrancisco.

Thecompanydeclinedtocommentonthepolicybutpointedtoanexplanationonitswebsitethatsaysinpartthatbirth

datesareusedtoimproveitsservicesand"delivertargetedadvertising.^^

Inthepast,mostappsandservicesaskedyoutoconfirmyouwereoveracertainage——typically13intheUnited

States-whencreatinganewaccount,butnottogiveabirthdate.2.“Thereismorelegalrequirementtotreatpeoplein

age-appropriateways,andtodothatcorrectly,youneedtohaveaprettygoodideaofhowoldsomeoneis,“saidJoshGolin,

executivedirectoratFairplay,anonprofitchildren'ssafetygroup.

Abirthdateisconsideredapieceofpersonalidentifyinginformation.Formostadultsonline,thistypeofinformationis

alreadyavailable.Manyparents,areworriedtheirchildren'sinformationbeingusedforanythingfrommarketingtoidentify

theft,arereluctanttohandoverthedatetotechcompanies.

“3.Companiesarealreadycollectingsomuchinformationontheirusersthattheyshouldbeabletoinferwhat

agestheyare,“saidIreneLy,policycounselatCommonSenseMedia.

Whatcanyoudoinstead?Thesolution,ifyou'recomfortable,couldbetolie,someexpertssaid.Butjustalittle.

'"Generally,liewithsomecaution,saidHayleyTsukayama,aseniorlegislativeactivistattheElectronicFrontier

Foundation,adigitalcivillibertiesgroup.4.Thatwouldbeinaccuratedataifitfellintothewronghands.

"It'sashamebecauseweshouldbeabletotrustthattheseplatformsareonlycollectingourchild'sbirthdayandusingit

forexactlythereasontheysay.Butwecan,treallytrustthat,soIthinklyingisokay,“Golinsaid.

A.Ifsunderstandablethatparentsfeelhesitant.

B.Butforsomeparents,thatdegreeofdetailisasteptoofar.

C.Now,moretechcompaniesaretryingtoconfirmtheexactagesoftheirusers,includingthosewhoareunder18.

D.Sherecommendedenteringyourchild'sbirthdayasamonthearlieroramonthlatersothegeneralageisthesame.

E.DisneyPlus,ontheotherhand,saysitcanusetheinformationtopersonalizecontentandrecommendationsandtodeliver

targetedads.

F.WhenDisneyPlusstarteddemandingthatexistingusersentertheirchildren'sexactbirthdatetocontinuestreaming,many

parentswerealarmed.

B

【來源】上海市同濟大學附屬中學2024-2025學年12月測試試卷

ArePrintedBooksFatedtoDie?

Nowadays,thesalesofprintedbookshavedecreasedinalmostallmarketsacrosstheworld,whileonthecontrary,the

salesofdigitalbookshavesoared.5

Areprintedbooksdead?No!Itisn'ttrueatall.Readinghasalwaysbeenextremelypersonal.Thereisnoendtotherange

ofpreferences,andinmanywaysthedigitalrevolutionhasaddedonemorechoicetothereaders.

Ofcourse,wecan'tdenythatdigitalbookshaveobviousadvantages.6Inotherwords,ifyoufeelastrongurge

toreadWarandPeaceonyourwaytowork,youwouldbewisetocarryitinitsslimdigitalversion.Andwiththeimprovement

ofdigitalbooks,youcannowmarkyourfavouritequoteseasily,andsearchforoccurrencesofwordsorphrasesinawayyou

wouldneverdowithaprintedbook.

7Knowingwhatpercentageofthebookyouhavereadisnotthesame.Itisanessentialcomponentofreading

thatoneshouldbeabletoseearoundthecorner.

Thereis,afterall,onemorethingthatdigitalbookscan'tdo.8Manypeoplehavefoundthatitisn'tenoughto

onlyreaddigitalbooks.Withprintedcopiesontheirbookcase,theysay,theyareabletohavethepossibilityofrememberingin

futurehowtheyfeltwhentheyreadthosebooks.

A.Butifyouwouldliketohaveanykindofconcretesenseofhowmuchyou'veread,thenthedigitalbookisfrustrating.

B.Therefore,manypeoplenowquestionwhetherdigitalbookswillalter,ormaybehavealreadyaltered,thewayweread.

C.Somelikeoldbookswhileotherspreferthelatestreleases.

D.So,insteadofwonderingwhetherprintedbooksaredead,perhapsweshouldask:canwereallylivewithoutthem?

E.Theycan'tfurnishyourhomewitharecordofwhathaspassedthroughyourmind.

F.Digitalbooksareexcellentfbrwhatisknownas'"recreationalreading”.

C

【來源】卜.海市第三女子中學2024-2025學年高三上學期階段練習試卷

YourOwnBestFriend

Talkingtoyourselfmayseemalittleshameful.Ifyou'veeverbeenoverheardcriticizingyourselfforafoolishmistakeor

practicingatrickyspeechaheadoftime,you'llhavefeltthesocialrestrictionagainstcommunicatingwithyourselfinwords.

Accordingtothewell-knownsaying,talkingtoyourselfisthefirstsignofmadness.

Butthere5snoneedforembarrassment.9Itallowsustoplanwhatwearegoingtodo,manageouractivities,

regulateouremotionsandevencreateanarrativeofourexperience.

Takeatriptoanypreschoolandwatchasmallchildplayingwithhertoys.Youareverylikelytohearhertalkingto

herself:offeringherselfdirectionsandgivingvoicetoherfrustrations.10

Infact,almostallofusdoalotofprivatespeechwhenweareyoung,andaswegrowolder,wedon'tabandonthis

system-weinternalizeit.11

Besides,psychologicalexperimentshavefurthershownthatthedistancingeffectofourwordscangiveusavaluable

perspectiveonouractions.Onerecentstudysuggestedthatself-talkismosteffectivewhenweaddressourselvesinthesecond

person:as64you^^ratherthanT.

Weinternalizetheprivatespeechweuseaschildren-butweneverentirelyputawaytheout-loudversion.12

You're,suretoseeanathleteortwogettingthemselvesreadyforasharpphraseorscoldingthemselvesafterabadshot.

Bothkindsofself-talkseemtobringarangeofbenefitstoourthinking.Thosewordstotheself,spokensilentlyoraloud,

aresomuchmorethanlazytalk.

A.Ifyouwantproof,turnonthesportschannel.

B.AccordingtoLevVygotsky,adultsusepublicspeechtocontrolthebehaviorofothersjustthesameastheyounguseprivate

speechtoregulatetheirownactions.

C.Farfromasignoffoolishness,talkingtoourselvesisactuallyavaluabletoolforthought.

D.Thisso-calledinnerspeechcanimproveourperformanceonvarioustasks.

E.Conductingadialoguewithourselvesmightturnouttobeoneofthekeystohumancreativity.

F.Psychologistsrefertothisasprivatespeech-languagethatisspokenoutloudbutdirectedattheself.

D

【來源】上海市大同中學2023-2024學年上學期高三月考試卷

Empathy

Lastyear,researchersfromtheUniversityofMichiganreportedthatempathy,theabilitytounderstandotherpeople,

amongcollegestudentshaddroppedsharplyoverthepast10years.13Today,peoplespendmoretimealoneandare

lesslikelytojoingroupsandclubs.

JenniferFreed,aco-directorofateenprogram,hasanotherexplanation,TurnontheTV,andyou'reshoweredwithnews

andrealityshowsfullofpeoplefighting,competing,andgenerallytreatingoneanotherwithnorespect,Humanslearnby

example——andmostoftheexamplesonitareanythingbutempathetic.

Therearegoodreasonsnottofollowthosebadexamples,Humansaresociallyrelatedbynature.14

Researchershavealsofoundthatempatheticteenagersaremorelikelytohavehighself-respect.Besides,empathycanbeacure

forloneliness,sadness,anxiety,andfear.

Empathyisalsoanindicationofagoodleader.Infact,Freedsays,manytopcompaniesreportthatempathyisoneofthe

mostimportantthingstheylookforinnewmanagers.15'"Academicsareimportant,Butifyoudon'thaveemotional

intelligence,youwon'tbeassuccessfulinworkorinyourloveshesays.

WhafsthebestwaytoupyourEQ?Forstarters,letdownyourguardandreallylistentoothers.16

A.Everyoneisdifferent,andlevelsofempathydifferfrompersontoperson.

B.Havingrelationshipswithotherpeopleisanimportantpartofbeinghuman-andhavingempathyisdecisivetothose

relationships.

C."Onedoesn'tdevelopempathybyhavingalotofopinionsanddoingalotoftalking,“Freedsays.

D.Empathyisamatteroflearninghowtounderstandsomeoneelse-bothwhattheythinkandhowtheyfeel.

E.Goodsocialskills-includingempathy-areakindof"emotionalintelligence"thatwillhelpyousucceedinmanyareas

oflife.

F.Thatcouldbebecausesomanypeoplehavereplacedfacetimewithscreentime,theresearcherssaid.

變其演塾

A

【來源】上海市復旦大學附屬中學2023-2024學年高三上學期期中考試英語試卷

CouldaNewBatterySolveOurEnergyProblem?

ResearchersintheUShavemadeheadlinesworldwidebydevelopinganewtypeofbatterythatchargesfarfasterand

holdswaymorechargethantoday'slithiumcells（鋰電池）.Ifsnotjustaterrifictechnologystory,either.Theteambehinditis

ledbytechlegendProfJohnGoodenoughoftheUniversityofTexas,Austin-theco-inventoroftheoriginallithium-ion

battery,andstilldoingbrilliantworkattheageof94.

]Thafswhywe'restillusing21st-Centurygadgetrywithoneeyeonbattery,wonderingifwecangettoacharger

beforeourdevicegoescompletelydead.

Thisdepressingstateofaffairsismorethansimplyinconvenient.Ifwe'retomakethemostofrenewableenergy,weneed

waysofcopingwiththosetimeswhenthewinddropsorthere'snosunshine.2

ElonMusk,thebillionairebossofelectriccarcompanyTesla,certainlythinksso.He'salreadycreateda20megawatt

battery"farm9inCalifornia,andiswillingtoputhismoneywherehisbatteriesare.3Forexample,onewindfarmin

Hawaiihadthreefiresinitsbattery'fhrm'withinayearofopening.

ButnowGoodenoughandhisteammayhavefoundtheanswer,byswitchingfromlithiumtosodium（鈉）.

ThelithiumbatteriesthatmadeGoodenough'sreputationcontainaliquidelectrolyte（電角軍質）whichdoesn'trespondwell

torapidcharging.OneofGoodenough'scolleagues,MariaBraga,decidedthattheanswerlayinswitchingtosolidelectrolytes.

Theteamhasnowmanagedtogetasolidglasselectrolytetoworkwithsodium,whichissimilartolithiumbutfarmore

common.4Thebatteryhastriplethechargeofitslithiumequivalent,itchargesinminutesratherthanhours,andit

hasalongerlifespan.

Advancesinenergystoragearevitalifrenewablearegoingtoreachtheirpotential.Theboundlessenergyof

Goodenough-theLi-ionKinghimself-mayjusthavefoundthesolutionjustintime.

A.Batteriesthatstoreenergyforthosetimesisoneprettyobvioussolution.

B.Nooneseriouslyquestionstheneedforwindandsolarpowertobepartofglobalenergystrategy.

C.Theresultistransformational.

D.Yetnoteveryoneisconvincedcurrentbatterytechnologyisuptothejob.

E.Whilecomputingpowerfamouslydoubleseverytwoyears,batteryperformancehasbarelydoubledin20.

F.Commercialisationmaytakeadecade,thoughitcouldhappenfaster.

B

【來源】上海市行知中學2023-2024學年高三上學期11月期中考試英語試卷

TooBig,TooExpensiveandTooSilly—WhyVideoGameMoviesFail

FilmadaptationsofvideogameshavefallenontheunsuspectingviewingpubliclikeaDropBear.Atfirsttheylook

harmlessenough,buttheyoftenleaveviewersbruisedandregretful.

Thesemoviesareplentiful.5Yetdespitebigbudgetsandqualitytalentbothinfrontofandbehindthecamera,

mostvideogamemoviesarecommercialandcriticalfailures.

6Theanswercomesdowntoacomplexmixofconflictingaudiencedemandsandcommercialrealities.Video

gamemoviesoftenassumethattheaudiencewants,orisinterestedin,thegame'slegendandbackground.Infairness,thisisout

offearthatfanswill?Criticiselegendchanges,alienatingakeydemographic.Butgamesreveallegendprogressivelyovertens

ofhoursofgameplay,whereasmovieshaveasmallportionofthattime.Thistensionriskscreatingboringexpositionand

complexstorylines.Forexample,Warcraftdetailstheoriginsofconflictbetweenhumansandorcs（獸），thecentralconflicti