Unit5IntotheunknownDevelopingideasIPre-readingcontentsPre-readingILanguagepointsⅣFastreadingIIHomeworkⅤCarefulreadingIIIⅥPost-readingDoyouknowhowdeeptheoceanis?1.Whatdifferentzonesarethereintheocean?2.Whichpartsoftheoceandoyouthinkhavebeenexplored?3.Whatdoyouknowaboutthedeepestpartoftheocean?Workingroups.Lookatthepictureandanswerthequestions.Dofurtherresearchifnecessary.P561.Whatdifferentzonesarethereintheocean?2.Whichpartsoftheoceandoyouthinkhavebeenexplored?ThedifferentzonesintheoceanareSunlightZone,TwilightZone,MidnightZoneandAbyssalZone.SunlightZone,TwilightZone.P563.Whatdoyouknowaboutthedeepestpartoftheocean?ThedeepestpartoftheoceanisAbyssalZone.Itisanareawherethewaterdepthisabout2,000–5,000metres.Thetrenchcanbeloweredto6,000metres.Theseverydeepareasaresometimescalled“Super-abyssalzones”.

Actuallyitisthelargestecologicalregiononearth.P56Morethan500yearsafteritwaslostinastorm,theEsmeralda

wasdiscoveredoffthecoastofOman.TheshipisbelievedtobepartofavoyageledbyPortugueseexplorer,VascodaGamaduringhissecondvoyagetoIndia(1502–1503).BackgroundInformation

Oman

阿曼（西南亞國家）Portuguese葡萄牙VascodaGama達(dá)·伽馬theEsmeralda

愛絲梅拉達(dá)號文化知識：船只為什么用女性名稱命名？古希臘漁民經(jīng)常稱他們的漁船為“Artemida”，希望釣到好魚。在希臘神話中，Artemis被認(rèn)為是狩獵的女神和守護(hù)神。自古希臘以來，船一直以安全和保護(hù)的理念選擇女性名稱，因為水手們認(rèn)為，這艘船將保護(hù)他們的旅程，就像母親在懷孕期間照顧孩子一樣。西方也迷信女子上船會有霉運。AlthoughtheEsmeraldawasfirstlocatedin1998,itwasexploredbymarinearchaeologistsbetween2013and2015.Researchersusedadvancedtechnologytoexaminesomeoftheobjectsontheship.Forexample,CTscanningwasusedtoidentifytwosilvercoinsandabell.marinearchaeologists海洋考古學(xué)家BackgroundInformationTheJiaolong,China’smanneddeep-seavessel,isnamedafteramythicalChineseseadragon.Atroughly8.2metreslong,3metreswideand3.4metreshigh,itweighsalmost22metrictons.In2012,itsettherecordforthedeepestdiveafterreachingadepthof7,062metresinthePacificOcean’sMarianaTrench.vessel

n.大船；輪船BackgroundInformationMarianaTrench馬里亞納海溝mythicaladj.神話里的Thousandsofmetresbeneaththewaves,itscrewtookincrediblephotosandvideosandcollectedimportantsamplesfromtheoceanfloorforresearchinoceanography.TheShenhaiYongshi,orDeepSeaWarrior,isChina’sdeep-seasubmersible,whichcanreachadepthof4,500metres.Thesubmersibletook8yearsandinvolvedover90Chineseorganisationsandcompanies,withallofitscorepartsbeingmadeinChina.TheShenhaiYongshihassincebeenusedtocompletedeep-seadivingmissionsinordertocollectexactdataonnaturalgassources.submersible

n.潛水器BackgroundInformationoceanography

n.海洋學(xué)IIFastreadingReadthepassageandfindoutwhathasbeendiscoveredintheoceandepths.FastreadingPara1:AmongtheseistheEsmeralda,theearliestwreckfromtheageoftheEuropeanexplorationofAsia.ShipwreckssuchasthatoftheEsmeralda.Readthepassageandfindoutwhathasbeendiscoveredintheoceandepths.RuinsofancientcitieslikeNeapolis.Readthepassageandfindoutwhathasbeendiscoveredintheoceandepths.Para2:OnesuchfindistheancientRomancityofNeapolis,discoveredoffthecoastofTunisia.BelievedtohavebeenburiedunderwaterbyatsunamiinthefourthcenturyAD,theruinsofNeapolisarealmost2,000yearsold.Extraordinarydeep-seacreaturessuchasbone-whitecoralandthebarreleye.Readthepassageandfindoutwhathasbeendiscoveredintheoceandepths.Para3:Imaginebone-whitecoral6,000metresbelowtheocean’ssurface,growingattherareofonlyoneortwomillimetresperyear.Swimmingthroughtheseblackdepthsisthebarreleye,astrangefishwitheyesthatcanlookupwardsthroughitstransparentforehead.Thesubstanceknownas“fireice”.Readthepassageandfindoutwhathasbeendiscoveredintheoceandepths.Para4:MostnotableoftheseisChina’sdiscoveryofanice-likesubstance,knownas“fireice”,undertheSouthChinaSea.Whathasbeendiscoveredintheoceandepths？ShipwreckssuchasthatoftheEsmeralda,ruinsofancientcitieslikeNeapolis,extraordinarydeep-seacreaturessuchasbone-whitecoralandthebarreleye,andthesubstanceknownas“fireice”havebeendiscoveredintheoceandepths.Matchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Para.1 a.Theexplorationoftheoceancontinuesto contributetoarchaeologicaldiscoveries.Para.2 b.Therearepreciousresourcesintheoceanready tobediscovered.China’sachievementsinmarineexploration.Para.3 c.Humankindisenteringanewageofoceanic discoverythroughinternationalcooperation.Para.4 d.Humans’explorationoftheoceansisstillnot detailed.Para.5 e.Oceanexplorationleadstosurprisingdiscoveries inbiology.IIICarefulreadingThinkaboutthestructureofthepassageandcompletethediagram.P58OVERTHECENTURIES:

sailingacrossoceanstoexploreEarth’sfurthestcornersOceanexplorationMODERNAGE:exploring

1___________deepseaThinkaboutthestructureofthepassageandcompletethediagram.P582______________explorationFindingancientruinsin3_____________.Workingtoovercomechallengesandmakediscoveriesat4__________.Example:

5__________________ArchaeologicalshallowwatersvastdepthstheruinsofNeapolisThinkaboutthestructureofthepassageandcompletethediagram.P586__________explorationContainingabout90percentof7_______________.Helpingcomprehend8___________________________________.Examples:

9_______________10_____________

11________________________________________________________Biologicaltheplanet’sfishbone-whitecoralthecapacityforlifeonourplanetthebarreleyelifetobefoundevenaroundthedeep-seavolcanicopeningsThinkaboutthestructureofthepassageandcompletethediagram.P58

DiscoveryofnaturalresourcesDiscoveringnewnaturalresources.Studying12__________.Identifyingareasfor13_______________.Examples:

14__________

15_______________________“fireice”deep-seadrillingtheseabedChina’sunderwatervesselsThinkaboutthestructureofthepassageandcompletethediagram.P58Lyingunderwatersacrosstheglobeareanestimatedthreemillionshipwrecks.AllofthemrepresentattemptsoverthecenturiestoexploreEarth’sfurthestcorners.AmongtheseistheEsmeralda,theearliestwreckfromtheageoftheEuropeanexplorationofAsia.Today,some500yearsaftertheEsmeraldasetsail,thereislittle–ifany–landonourplanetleftunexplored.WehavemoredetailedmapsoftheMoon,andevenofVenusandMars,thanwedoofEarth’sownseabed.Para.1倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，置于句首，強(qiáng)調(diào)作用

Paraphrase Itisbelievedthataroundthreemillionshipwrecksarelyingunderwatersacrosstheglobe.shipwreck

n.沉船殘骸ship+wreck(殘骸；失事)

Lyingunderwatersacrosstheglobeareanestimatedthreemillionshipwrecks.AllofthemrepresentattemptsoverthecenturiestoexploreEarth’sfurthestcorners.AmongtheseistheEsmeralda,theearliestwreckfromtheageoftheEuropeanexplorationofAsia.Today,some500yearsaftertheEsmeraldasetsail,thereislittle–ifany–landonourplanetleftunexplored.WehavemoredetailedmapsoftheMoon,andevenofVenusandMars,thanwedoofEarth’sownseabed.Para.1seabed海床，是指海洋板塊構(gòu)成的地殼表面Givenourlimitedknowledge,itisperhapsnosurprisethatexplorationoftheoceanscontinuestoleadtodiscoveriesinvariousscientificfields.AswiththediscoveryoftheEsmeralda,manyarchaeologicalfindsaremadeinshallowwatersnearthecoast.Thesemaysometimesincludewholecitiesburiedbeneaththewaves.OnesuchfindistheancientRomancityofNeápolis,discoveredoffthecoastofTunisia.BelievedtohavebeenburiedunderwaterbyatsunamiinthefourthcenturyAD,theruinsofNeápolisarealmost2,000yearsold.Para.2given

prep.考慮到Givenhisage

(=Consideringhowoldheis),

he’sremarkablyactive.

考慮到他的年齡，他已是相當(dāng)活躍的了。

Paraphrase Ourknowledgeoftheoceansislimited,soitisperhapsnotsurprisingthatexplorationofthemcontinuestoleadtodiscoveriesinvariousscientificfields.Givenourlimitedknowledge,itisperhapsnosurprisethatexplorationoftheoceanscontinuestoleadtodiscoveriesinvariousscientificfields.AswiththediscoveryoftheEsmeralda,manyarchaeologicalfindsaremadeinshallowwatersnearthecoast.Thesemaysometimesincludewholecitiesburiedbeneaththewaves.OnesuchfindistheancientRomancityofNeápolis,discoveredoffthecoastofTunisia.BelievedtohavebeenburiedunderwaterbyatsunamiinthefourthcenturyAD,theruinsofNeápolisarealmost2,000yearsold.Para.2

Neápolis尼波利斯，建立于公元前5世紀(jì)，在希臘語中是“新城”的意思。2017年，突尼斯國家遺產(chǎn)研究所考古學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)古公元365年7月21日因海嘯被毀的古羅馬城市尼波利斯(Neapolis)的水下廢墟。Givenourlimitedknowledge,itisperhapsnosurprisethatexplorationoftheoceanscontinuestoleadtodiscoveriesinvariousscientificfields.AswiththediscoveryoftheEsmeralda,manyarchaeologicalfindsaremadeinshallowwatersnearthecoast.Thesemaysometimesincludewholecitiesburiedbeneaththewaves.OnesuchfindistheancientRomancityofNeápolis,discoveredoffthecoastofTunisia.BelievedtohavebeenburiedunderwaterbyatsunamiinthefourthcenturyAD,theruinsofNeápolisarealmost2,000yearsold.Para.2

Tunisian.

突尼斯(北非國家)tsunami

n.海嘯詞源來自日語tsunami，詞源義

“harbourwaves”Theremainingstreetsandbuildingsofferawindowintoafascinatingperiodinourhistory.However,weareonlybeginningtoovercomethechallengesofpressure,darknessandextremecoldatvastdepths.Fragmentsofthepastlyingdeepbeneaththeoceansarestillwaitingtobediscovered.Para.2

fragment

n.

碎片 (frag-，折斷)Amazingbiologicaldiscoveriesarealsobeingmade.Thedarkzonesoftheoceansmaycontainupto90percentoftheplanet’sfish.Inthesewaters,morethan200metresdeep,wherelightcannotreach,areextraordinarycreaturesthatappearasiftheyarestraightoutofsciencefiction.Imaginebone-whitecoral6,000metresbelowtheocean’ssurface,growingattherateofonlyoneortwomillimetresperyear.Someofthesecouldbe4,000yearsold.Para.3

darkzones海底黑暗區(qū)

bone-whitecoral骨白珊瑚Amazingbiologicaldiscoveriesarealsobeingmade.Thedarkzonesoftheoceansmaycontainupto90percentoftheplanet’sfish.Inthesewaters,morethan200metresdeep,wherelightcannotreach,areextraordinarycreaturesthatappearasiftheyarestraightoutofsciencefiction.Imaginebone-whitecoral6,000metresbelowtheocean’ssurface,growingattherateofonlyoneortwomillimetresperyear.Someofthesecouldbe4,000yearsold.Para.3非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句

Paraphrase Extraordinarycreaturesthatlookasthoughtheyaresomethingdirectlyoutofsciencefictionliveinthesewaterswithadepthofmorethan200metres,whicharesodeepthatlightcannotreachthem.Swimmingthroughtheseblackdepthsisthebarreleye,astrangefishwitheyesthatcanlookupwardsthroughitstransparentforehead.Intheverydeepestoceantrenchesthataremorethan8,000metresbelowthesurface,thepressureisequivalentto50aeroplanesstackedoneontopofanother.Yetthereisstilllifetobefound,evenaroundthedeep-seavolcanicopenings.Thesediscoveriesallhelpusunderstandthecapacityforlifeonourplanet,eveninthemostextremecircumstances.Para.3倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，置于句首，強(qiáng)調(diào)作用

barreleyen.管眼魚學(xué)名大鰭后肛魚，長著一個透明的腦袋和管狀的眼睛，對光線極為敏感Swimmingthroughtheseblackdepthsisthebarreleye,astrangefishwitheyesthatcanlookupwardsthroughitstransparentforehead.Intheverydeepestoceantrenchesthataremorethan8,000metresbelowthesurface,thepressureisequivalentto50aeroplanesstackedoneontopofanother.Yetthereisstilllifetobefound,evenaroundthedeep-seavolcanicopenings.Thesediscoveriesallhelpusunderstandthecapacityforlifeonourplanet,eveninthemostextremecircumstances.Para.3

deep-seavolcanicopenings

深海火山口

trenchn.海溝是位于海洋中的兩壁較陡、狹長的、水深大于5000m的溝槽，是海底最深的地方，最大水深可達(dá)到10,000米以上Furthermore,theoceansareavaluablesourceofnaturalresources,someofwhicharecompletelynewtous.MostnotableoftheseisChina’sdiscoveryofanice-likesubstance,knownas“fireice”,undertheSouthChinaSea.Inaddition,China’sunderwatervessels,suchastheJiaolongandShenhaiYongshi,havebeenexploringwatersatdepthsofthousandsofmetres.Para.4

ice-likesubstance

冰狀物fireice可燃冰

Jiaolong蛟龍?zhí)枺札執(zhí)栞d人潛水器是一艘由中國自行設(shè)計、自主集成研制的載人潛水器Furthermore,theoceansareavaluablesourceofnaturalresources,someofwhicharecompletelynewtous.MostnotableoftheseisChina’sdiscoveryofanice-likesubstance,knownas“fireice”,undertheSouthChinaSea.Inaddition,China’sunderwatervessels,suchastheJiaolongandShenhaiYongshi,havebeenexploringwatersatdepthsofthousandsofmetres.Para.4ShenhaiYongshi深海勇士號TheJiaolongevenholdstherecordforthedeepestdivebyamannedsubmarine,at7,062metres,givingChinaitsplacealongsidetheworld’stopoceanexplorers.Theresearchconductedbythesevesselsisgivingscientistsagreaterunderstandingofhowtheseabedwasformed,aswellashelpingidentifyareasfordeep-seadrilling,takingdeep-seaexplorationintoawholenewera.Para.4holdtherecord保持紀(jì)錄alongside

prep.與……同等重要

WhenhedieshewilltakehisplacealongsideDickensasoneofthetrulygreatwritersofhistime.他死后會成為他那個時代真正的偉大作家之一，與狄更斯齊名。TheJiaolongevenholdstherecordforthedeepestdivebyamannedsubmarine,at7,062metres,givingChinaitsplacealongsidetheworld’stopoceanexplorers.Theresearchconductedbythesevesselsisgivingscientistsagreaterunderstandingofhowtheseabedwasformed,aswellashelpingidentifyareasfordeep-seadrilling,takingdeep-seaexplorationintoawholenewera.Para.4

Paraphrase TheJiaolongisthemannedsubmarinetohavedivedtoarecorddepthof7,062metres.Becauseofthis,Chinaisconsideredoneofthebestoceanexplorersintheworld.Beingatoughenvironmentofcompletedarkness,enormouspressureandintensecold,theoceandepthshavelongbeenbeyondthereachofhumanexploration.However,throughcloserinternationalscientific,economicandculturalcooperation,weareallbecomingpartofaglobalmissiontoopenupourplanet’sfinalfrontier.Humankindisenteringanewageofoceanicdiscovery,andtheworldbeneaththewavesmayonedaybealmostasfamiliartousasthelandwewalkupontoday.Para.5Whatistheenvironmentaldifficultiestoexploreoceans?beyondthereachof超過……能力之外；無法達(dá)到Theshotwaswellbeyondthereachofthegoalkeeper.這次射門使守門員鞭長莫及。ThinkandAnswerWhydoyouthinktheauthorusesstatisticsinthepassage?Whatotherexamplesofoceanexplorationdoyouknowof?Shareonewiththeclass.Whatdoyouthinkdrivestheexplorationoftheoceans?Whatcommonmessagedothetworeadingpassagesinthisunitconvey?Howdotheyeachbuilduponthisidea?Whydoyouthinktheauthorusesstatisticsinthepassage?ThinkandAnswer2.Whatotherexamplesofoceanexplorationdoyouknowof?Shareonewiththeclass.①On10October,2020,Endeavoursuccessfullycompleted13divesinMarianaTrench,eightofwhichbroke10,000metres.

②Thereisagrowinginterestintheconstructionofanetworkofunderseaobservatories,whichisthemosteffectivemeansofearlywarningearthquakeandtsunami.Theuseofstatisticsmakesthepassagemoreconvincing.3.Whatdoyouthinkdrivestheexplorationoftheoceans?Onepossibleanswer:Theoceansmakeup70%oftheearth’stotalarea.Largenumbersofmarineanimalsandplantsareimportantsourcesoffoodforhumanbeings.Therefore,itisveryimportantforustounderstandtheworld’soceans.Inadditiontoconcernsaboutmaritimesecurityandeconomicinterests,explorationoftheseabedwillsatisfyhuman’scuriosityandthirstfortheunknownknowledge.ThinkandAnswerThinkandAnswer4.Whatcommonmessagedothetworeadingpassagesinthisunitconvey?Howdotheyeachbuilduponthisidea?Bothpassagesconveythemessagethathumanshavethedesireandmeanstoexploretheunknown.Thefirstpassagedoesthisbylookingatourfascinationwithhistory’sgreatestmysteries,whilethesecondpassagelooksatpioneeringexplorationofEarth’soceans.LearningtolearnAsyouread,noticethediscoursemarkersusedinthetext,eginaddition,also,however,furthermore,aswellas.Thesemarkersfunctionlikeroadsigns,helpingyouconnectideasandunderstandthewriter’sattitudeandopinions.discoursemarkers話語標(biāo)記LearningtolearnFindoutthediscoursemarkersinthepassage.howeverfurthermoreinaddition…ⅣPost-readingGiveatalkabouttheinfluencesofoceanexplorationonyourdailylife.GroupworkLookatthediagrambelowandbrainstormexamplesofhowoceanexplorationaffectsyourdailylife.InfluencesofoceanexplorationCulturalexchangeFoodandnaturalresourcesTradeandeconomyTransportandtravelEnvironmentandconservationP58Groupwork

3.Giveyourtalktotheclass.Nowthinkabouthowwellyoucontributedtothegroupworkandwhatyoucoulddotoimprove.Organiseyourtalkbycompletingthediagramwithyourexamples.GroupworkLanguagepointsV

1.equivalentadj.相等的；相同的LanguagepointsEightkilometresisroughlyequivalenttofivemiles.

八公里約等于五英里。250gramsoranequivalent

amountinounces.

250克或與之等量的盎司equivalentn.相等的東西；等量；對應(yīng)詞Breathingsuchpollutedairistheequivalentof

(=hasthesameeffectas)