挑戰7篇高難度七選五（拓寬做題思路）七選五練習題1Passage1Whenwearefacedwithacrisis,orifwehaveanimportantdecisiontomake,manyofusfallintothetrapofover-thinking.Wemaykeepthinkingaboutsomethingconstantlyandtoolong.

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Howcanwestopourselvesfromover-thinking?Doingsomethingtodistractyourselfisagoodidea.Youcanfindworkingwithyourhandsisespeciallygood.

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Yourbrainsimplydoesn'thavetheresourcestosplititselfintoathirdactivity,forexampleover-thinking.

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Studieshaveshownthatwhensomeoneviewssomethinginexcitementandanxiety,thebrainis-forcedtobecomestuckinthepresentbecauseallofyoursensesarecompletelyengaged.Youdonothavetimetofocusonsomethingdifferent,whichcancauseover-thinking.Constantwishing,hopingandprayingdonotgiveyouanyrelief.Theyjustkeepyoustuckinoneplace.Buttakingthesmalleststepoffthecrisisreallymatters.Itwillsetthingsinmotion,makingyoulikeasnowball.

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.Thetrapsarethingsthatcauseyournaturalabilitytoreactwithoutyourealizingthatthereisaconnectionbetweenthetwo.Thus,

avoidingrelevanttrapsisalsoagoodidea.

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Forexample,ifoneofyourcolleaguesissonegativethatshealwaysdragsyoudown,stophangingoutwithherbyhavinglunchaloneatanearbyrestaurant.A.Thismindsettendstoruinourday.B.Putsimply,outofsight,outofmind.C.Justasasayinggoes,oncebitten,twiceshy.D.Youarereallygettingyourbrainworkingforyou.E.OtheractivitiesaretheonesthatarouseyourcuriosityF.ItengagesyourmovementskillsandthinkingprocessG.Thus,youwillgraduallymoveyourselfoutofthefeeling.

Passage2:ThePowerofCompassion

Whenweseewhatweareallupagainst

-whenweseethesufferingandstrugglethatallhumansface-

theonlyresponsethatmakessenseissimplecompassion._____1______.

Itinvolvesthedesiretobemovedbysufferingandthemotivationtohelpalleviateandpreventit.Genuinecompassionisadeep,heartfeltconcernforthewell-beingofothers.

_____2_____,

payingattentiontoourownneedsandfeelingsinarespectful,gentleway.

Tobecompassionateistoseethetruenatureofthesufferingonefaces.

_____3____andthenactsempathetically（共情地）toaddresstheissue,withtheultimateaimofcreatingvalueandgreaterunityandharmonyintheworld.Whenwelearntoempathizewithothers,werecognizethateveryonestruggleswithdifficultsituationsandnegativeemotions.Wecanalsodevelopabroaderperspectiveonhumanity._____4____Justaswestrivetobegentleandkindtootherswhentheyexperiencehardship,itishealthyandconstructivetotreatourselvesthesameway.Howcanwedevelopself-compassion?_____5_____Thisbeginswithmindfulness-thatis,withtheintentiontobeawareofourownpainfulexperiencesinabalancedway,onethatneitheravoidsnoramplifies（放大）painfulthoughtsandemotions.A.Everyoneisdoingthebesttheycan

B.Wecanalsoextendcompassiontoourselves

C.Kindnesstowardoneselfleadstoappreciationofothers

D.Self-compassionisapositiveandcaringattitudetowardoneself

E.Themostimportantisrelatingtoourselveswithacceptancewhatevercomes

F.CompassionisthequalityofbeingunderstandingtopeopleandattendingtotheirneedsG.Onewhofeelscompassionviewschallengingemotionsandsituationswithoutjudgment

Passage3Whendidwestartwalkingforleisure?“Goingforawalk”isapopularpastimeamongolderandyoungergenerationsalikebecauseofits

well-knownbenefitsforourphysicalandmentalhealth.Butyoumaybesurprisedtohearthatwanderingthroughprettystreetsorhikinginmountainoushavenotalwaysbeenconsideredleisureactivities,accordingtoDanielGale,aresearcherofpedestrianism(步行運動).

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Beforethat,itwasjustsomethingpeopledidoutofnecessity,someofwhomevenassociated

itwithcriminalactivity.ButforCharlesDickens,thefamousEnglish19thCenturyauthor,marchingthroughLondonstreetsandtrampingaroundthecountrysidewasabigpartofthecreativeprocess.

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Hewalkedatanimpressivepaceoffourmilesperhour,accordingtohisbiographybyPeterAckroyd.

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Perhapsyoucantakeinspirationfromanotherbig-thinkingwanderer.19thCenturyAmerican

writerHenryDavidThoreautookaslowerapproach,preferringtostrolloverhillsandfieldsandthroughthewoods.Hesaidthathecouldnotpreservehishealthandspiritswithoutwalkingatleastfourhoursaday.Thisideaoftakingastrolltoclearyourheadhassurvivedthroughtothe21stCentury.Buthavepedestrianmannersremainedthesame?A1780articlefortheLondonMagazineadvisedpedestrianstoavoidthingssuchashangingaroundinconversationandobstructingpeoplebehindyou.

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Inthismodernage,whenmanyofusaretiedtoourdesksandtoourscreens,trythesimpleactofsteppingoutontothecitypavements,orgettinglostinnature.

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Whetheryouseeyourselfmoreasacasualstrollerorapurposefulstrider(闊步者),whynotbuildahabitoutofit?A.Whatifspeed-walkingisn’tyourthing?B.Thismaymakeallthedifferencetoourwell-being.C.Nowadays,wecouldadddistractedphone-users.D.Hebroughttherecreationofwalkingintofashion.E.Goingonanurbanwalkismuchmorepleasantnow.F.Itwasatimetoabsorbwhatwasgoingonaroundhim.G.InBritain,walkingforfunwasn’treallyathinguntilthe1780s.

Passage4:Haveyouevercaughtasmellofsomethingandbeenstronglyremindedofapersonorplace?Thereseemstobeadeeppsychologicallinkbetweensmellsandourmemory.Someresearchevensuggeststhatsmellscaninfluenceourcognition(認知,感知)._____1____

RojaDove,aperfumer,informedtheBBCthatwhenweareborn,theolfactorybulb(嗅球)，whichistheareainourbrainthatprocessessmell,isempty,withoutpre-existinginformationorassociation._____2_____Whenwesmellanodouragain,theoriginalanduniquememorycomesfloodingbackbecauseoftheassociationacquiredinourpreviousexperience.Ourawarenessofsmellsisprimarilyunconscious._____3_____But,low-levelsmellsarestillpickedupbecausethescentreceptors(感受器)inourbrainaresopowerfulthatweunconsciouslyregisterthem.Infact,variousstudieshavefoundtheolfactorybulbsendsmoreneurons(神經元)tomoreareasofourbrainthanourhearingorvision.Researchsuggeststhatthepowerofsmellcanalsoaffecthowthebrainperforms.

______4____

MarkMossatNorthumbriaUniversity’sPsychologyDepartmentdiscoveredthatcertainessentialoils,suchaspeppermint,positivelyimpactcognition,androsemarysscentcanenhancememory.Healsostudiedlavender,whichhesays“tendstoimpairmemoryandslowreactiontime".Butresearchbyothershasshownittobeusefulinreducingpre-treatmentanxietyindentalandmedicalsituations._____5_____Thenexttimeafamiliarsmellbringsbackaspecialmemory,

justrememberthatyournoseisworkingwonders.A.Whydosmellstakeusback?B.So,don'ttakeyournoseforgranted.C.Howisthesenseofsmellconnectedtoyourbrain?D.Scentscanrevivememoriesthathavebeenlongforgotten.E.Wearenotactivelyawareofthemunlesstheyareextremelystrong.F.Thisisespeciallytruewhenitcomestothefragranceofessentialoils.G.Therefore,ourresponsestosmellsarelearned

andhighlyindividualized.Passage5:SomepalsandIwereinthemidstofapinballcompetitionatabartheothernightwhenthemachinekeptbreakingdown.Wecalledoveraverybusyemployeewho'sresponsibleforhelpingkeeptheplacerunning.Heputeverythingasidetofixourproblematicpinballmachinetwice._____1_____Acoupleoftheguysimmediatelyobjected,sayingtheemployeewasjustdoingthejobhewaspaidtodo.Iinsistedandgotthegrouptoagreetotheplan,althoughsomewhatreluctantly.Mypinballwizarddidn'tstretchouthishand,buthowmanytimeshavewerunacrossthosepayment

screensthatsuggesta20%tipforbeinghandedasandwichweordered?_____2_____Thereisdatatobackupthetrend:66%ofAmericanadultshaveanegativeviewoftipping,and32%saythey'resickofthosepayment-screenhints,accordingtoarecentBankratesurvey._____3_____

IadmittherearetimesIsuspectthetippingthinghasgonetoofar---say,whenI'mataself-checkoutlineandthere'sstillrequesttoleavesomethingextra.ButI'mgenerallywillingtoerronthesideofcaution:Ifsomeoneisexpectingatip,I'llassumetheyhavefinancialreasonstodoso._____4_____Plus,tippingisgoodkarma(因果報應).It'salwaysworthittotipinunexpectedsituations

---onesthatdon'tnecessarilyinvolveahintonapaymentscreen._____5_____

Hewassogratefulforthe$10tipthatlaterthatnight,herewardedourgroupwithwellmorethan$10infreetokens(代金券)

forfutureplay.Sonexttime,theremustbenoargumentswithmyfriendswhentimescometotip.A.Thisleadstowhat'sbeencalled“tippingfatigue(疲勞)”B.So,whyamIwillingtogoagainstthetrendandsayyes?C.Isuggestedwetiphim$10andsplitthetipamongallofus.D.There'sanargumentthatweshouldbantippingaltogether.E.Guesswhathappenednextwithmypinball-machinefixeratthebar?F.Onedollarortwowon'tmakeorbreakme,butitcanpossiblyhelpwiththeirrent.G.Shouldtheyearnfarbelowtheminimumwage,employersmustmakeupthedifference.

Passage6:HelenaBlumen,acognitive(認知的)scientist,saysthecomplicatedmentalmulti-taskingthatdancingrequiresengagesvariouspartsofthebrainatthesametime,leadingtothestrengtheningofneural(神經系統的)connectionsacrossdifferentregions._____1_____.“It’ssocially,cognitivelyandphysicallydemanding,”shesays.Anyonewho’severfelttheirresistibleurgetodancetoafavoritesongknowsthatcombiningmusicandmovementcanliftyourmoodandmeltawaystress.Butthere’salotmorehappeninginyourbrainwhenyou’retryingtofolloweventheeasiestchoreography(編舞)._____2_____.Taskslikegettingaroundthekitchenorwalkingtothebusstopcanbecomemoreattainableifregardedaschoreography.

Tolearnhowthemechanismsofdancingworkinthebrain,researchersconductedMRIscansonolderadultswhoengagedineitherdanceoratraditionalexerciseprogramoversixmonths.

_____3_____,thedancersgrewmorewhiteandgraymatterinthepartsofthebrainresponsibleforcognitiveprocesses.Theresearchersassumethatthesebrainchangescontributetomoreneuroplasticity,thebrain’sabilitytoformnewconnectionsandpathways._____4_____.Brainplasticityissimilartothecity’sabilitytobuildnewroads,repairoldonesorevenchangethedirectionoftrafficbasedonhowoftentheroutesareusedandwhatthecityneeds._____5_____.AFinnishstudyofpeoplewithseverebraininjuriesshowedthatdance-basedrecoverymightimprovemobility,cognitionandoverallwell-being.Additionally,researchshowsthatdancingcanreducetheriskofbrain-relateddiseasessuchasdementia(癡呆).A.Moreover,dancingcanhelppreventbraininjuriesB.InadditiontothephysicalandneurologicalbenefitsC.TheeffectextendsbeyonddancingtotherealworldD.WhilebothgroupsimprovedtheirlevelofphysicalfitnessE.DancingmightevenhelppeoplewithbraininjuriesanddiseasesF.ImagineyourbrainislikeacitywithloadsofroadsandpathwaysG.Basically,dancingrequiresmorebrainpowerthancommonlybelieved

Passage7:BasedonhisownresearchatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louisandotherscientificstudies,psychologylecturerBonooffersthefollowingtipsforgettingandstayinghappierinyourlife._____1_____Lookingforwardtoanenjoyableexperiencecanmakeitallthatmuchsweeter.Waitacoupleofdaysbeforeseeinganewmoviethatjustcameout,planyourbigvacationforlaterinthesummer,andtrytotaketimetoenjoyeachbiteofdessert.Ontheopposite,getnegativetasksoutofthewayasquicklyaspossible—anydelaywillonlymakethemseemworse.Peoplewhofocusmoreonprocessthanoutcometendtoremainmotivatedint