知識清單專題01【知識串講】必修三Unit1知識點與語法梳理精練知識清單fitinwith適應；符合；與…一致【教材原句】Difficultiesfittinginwithothers.很難適應其他人 fitin適應 keepfit(＝keephealthy)保持健康befitfor...適合…… befittodosth.適合做某事inamess雜亂；混亂；陷入困境helpsb.out幫某人一把【教材原句】I'minatotalmesshere—hopeyoucanhelpmeout!我現在一團糟——希望你能幫我一把！ makeamessof弄亂；把……弄糟 Whatamess!真亂?。?messup把…弄糟；使心情惡劣becrazyabout對……著迷【教材原句】I'mcrazyaboutbasketball,andprettygoodatittoo,whichisprobablywhyIwassomadwhenwelostourlastmatch.我很癡迷并且還很擅長打籃球，這可能是我們輸掉上次的比賽時我發瘋的原因。drivesb.crazy把某人逼瘋 gocrazy發瘋；失去理智letdown使失望；辜負【教材原句】Weplayedwell,butIfelttheteamwereletdownbyonemember,ourpointguard.我們打得很好，但我覺得球隊被一名隊員辜負了——我們的控球后衛。letoffsteam發泄怒火，宣泄情緒【教材原句】Iwasjustlettingoffsteamreally,becauseIwassoangry,butthenmyfriendwentandtoldeveryoneelsewhatI’dsaid. 我真的只是在發泄情緒，因為我很生氣，但是然后我的朋友就去告訴了其他每個人我說的話。concentrateon全神貫注于；集中精力于【教材原句】Embarrassedandashamed,Ican'tconcentrateonanything.感到尷尬和羞愧，我不能集中在任何事情上。embarrassedandashamed為形容詞化的過去分詞作狀語，表示狀態，修飾句子的主語。Overjoyedbuttired，theywenttobedearly.他們非常高興但又很疲憊，很早就睡覺了。（表伴隨狀語）Thirstyandeagertogetalittlerest,hewentintotheteahouseandseatedhimselfatalittletable.因為非常渴并且迫切想要休息一下，他進了茶室，坐在了一張小桌子旁。（表原因狀語） Theyreturnedfromwar,safeandsound.他們安然無恙地從戰爭中歸來。（表結果狀語） Oldandyoung,thepeasantsarebusywiththeautumnharvest.無論年長的還是年輕的,農民們都在忙著秋收。（表讓步狀語）looseadj.松的；控制不嚴的； v.松開，釋放sinkv.使(船)沉沒（過去式sank；過去分詞sunk）【教材原句】ThereisanoldAmericansaying,“Looselipssinkships.”美國有句老話：“禍從口出?！眑ooselipssinkships禍從口出admitv.承認；允許進入；錄取，錄用【教材原句】Youadmitthatyouwere“lettingoffsteam”.你承認你在“發泄怒氣”。 admitdoingsth. 承認做某事 beadmittedto/into 被……錄取 Itisgenerallyadmittedthat... 人們普遍贊同... admissionn.承認；允許進入；錄取，錄用apologisev.道歉，謝罪【教材原句】First,apologisetoyourteammate.首先,向你的隊友道歉。 apologise(tosb)for(doing)sth.=makeanapologytosbfor(doing)sth.因(做)某事(向某人)道歉 apologyn.道歉，認錯 acceptone’sapology接受某人的道歉signalv.發信號； n.信號【教材原句】Thisgivespeoplethewrongsignal.這會給人錯誤的信號。signal(to)sb.todosth.示意某人做某事 giveasignal(tosb.)（向某人）發信號breathn.呼出的氣【教材原句】Takeadeepbreath,calmdown,andalwaysremember:thinkfirst,speaklater.深呼吸，讓自己平靜下來，并謹記：先想，后說。 takeadeepbreath 深吸一口氣 outofbreath 氣喘吁吁,上氣不接下氣holdone’sbreath 屏住呼吸breathev.呼吸breathein吸氣 breatheout呼氣concernvt.(使)擔憂；涉及；關系到； n.擔心；關注；【教材原句】Ifyoufeeloneofyourteammatesisn'tpullingtheirweight,thenraiseyourconcernsinaprofessionalwaywithyourteamcoach.如果你覺得你的一名隊友沒有盡職盡責，那就以一種專業的方式向你的團隊教練提出你的擔憂。（1）pullone’sweight做好分內事，盡責（2）show/expressconcernabout/for…=concernabout/for…對…表示關心（3）concernedadj.擔心的；關注的；相關的beconcernedabout/for擔心……；關心……asfaras...beconcerned就……而言；依……之見lookdownon看不起,輕視,蔑視【教材原句】Theywouldlookdownonher.他們會看不起她。lookupto敬仰，欽佩，仰慕 lookafter 照顧，照料lookahead向前看，著眼未來 lookaround/about四處看看，四下環顧lookat看 lookback回頭看，回顧過去lookforwardto盼望，期待 lookinto 觀察；調查lookon 旁觀，觀望 lookon…as... 把…看作…lookout 當心，小心,留神 lookthrough瀏覽，快速查看lookup 查閱，查詢；抬頭看annoyedadj.惱怒的，煩惱的，生氣的【教材原句】PreventedfromplayingherroleinRiley'semotionaldevelopment,Sadnessfeelsannoyed.“悲傷”由于無法在萊莉的情感發展中起作用，她感到很煩惱。be/getannoyedwithsb.at/about/bysth.因某事生某人的氣annoyvt.使惱怒，使生氣 annoyingadj.令人氣惱的adjustv．適應，(使)習慣；調整，調節【教材原句】WhenRileymovestoanewcity,shehasahardtimeadjustingtohernewsurroundings.當萊莉搬到一個新的城市時，她很難適應新環境。 adjustoneselftosth.適應某事 adjustto(doing)sth.習慣于(做)某事；適應(做)某事 adjustmentn.調整；調節；適應 makeanadjustment/adjustmentsto...對……進行調整adjustableadj.可調節的ensurevt.保證，確保【教材原句】Worriedabouther,JoyandSadnesstrytoworktogethertoensureshegetshercorememoriesback.出于對她的擔心，快樂和悲傷盡力一起工作，以確保她找回自己的核心記憶。 ensure=makesure確保，保證accidentn.事故，意外事件，偶然因素byaccident 偶然地，意外地【教材原句】SadnesswantstodoherdutybutbyaccidentcausesthelossofRiley’shappycorememorieswithJoy. “悲傷”想履行自己的職責，卻意外地讓萊莉失去了與“快樂”幸福的核心記憶。forgivev.原諒，寬恕【教材原句】Trytoforgivesomeonewhentheyapologize.當別人道歉時，盡量原諒他們。forgivesb.for(doing)sth.原諒某人(做過)某事 forgivesb.sth.原諒某人某事；寬恕某人某事embarrassmentn．尷尬，難為情【教材原句】Thiscancauseembarrassment.這會造成尷尬。 toone’sembarrassment 令某人尷尬的是embarrassv.使尷尬，使窘迫 embarrassedadj.尷尬的，窘迫的 embarrassingadj.令人尷尬的getalongwith與…相處【教材原句】Icantellheisnoteasytogetalongwith.我能看出他不容易相處。getaccustomedto 習慣于 getacross 被傳達；被理解getaway離開，逃脫 getdownto(doing)sth.開始著手(做)某事，認真考慮getoff從…下來 getover克服；恢復getridof除去，擺脫 getthrough完成；通過；接通getusedto(doing)sth.習慣(做)某事Itisbelievedthat...人們相信…【教材原句】ItisbelievedthatEQplaysanevenmoreimportantrolethanIQ(intelligencequotient)inpeople’slives. 人們相信在人們生活中情商甚至比智商更重要。 Itissaidthat...據說…… Itisreportedthat...據報道……Itisdecidedthat... 已經決定…… Itissuggested/advisedthat...有人建議……Itisorderedthat... 根據命令…… Itisthought/consideredthat...有人認為……Itishopedthat...人們希望…… Itisexpectedthat...人們預料……Itisannouncedthat...已宣布……remainv.剩余；保持；仍然，一直；留待，尚待【教材原句】Writtenmorethantwohundredyearsago,theselinesbyWalterScottremainoneofthemostwell-knownexcerptsofScottishpoetry. 沃爾特·斯科特的這些詩句是兩百多年前寫的，至今仍是蘇格蘭詩歌中最著名的節選之一。 remaintobedone有待被做 remainingadj. 留下的;剩余的;其余的protect...from...保護…免受…【教材原句】Perhapswecomfortourselveswiththeknowledgethatmostofthelieswetellare“whitelies”:littleliesthatwetelltoprotectothersfromthetruth. 也許我們會安慰自己，認為自己所說的謊言大部分都是“善意的謊言”：為了保護別人不讓其知道真相所講的小小的謊言。 protectionn.保護 environmentalprotection環境保護undertheprotectionof 在……的保護之下tearn.眼淚，淚水；v.撕碎，撕裂【教材原句】Ifyou’vehadabadday,doyoutellyourparentsaboutit,ordoyouhideyourtearsandliethatyourdaywas“fine”? 如果你度過了糟糕的一天，你會告訴你的父母，還是你會隱藏你的眼淚，撒謊說你今天過得“很好”?intears流著淚，含淚 burstintotears放聲大哭tearup撕毀；撕碎(文件等) teardown拆毀；拆除(建筑物、墻等)sothat（表目的）目的是，為了，以便；（表結果）因此，所以frankadj.坦率的，坦誠的，直言不諱的【教材原句】Stopforamomentandconsiderthatperhapsyourfriendwantssomefrankcommentsfromyousothattheycanimprove.停下來想一想，也許你的朋友想從你這里得到一些坦率的評論，以便他們能改進。 franklyadv.坦白說，坦率地說=tobefranklattern.(兩者中的)后者；adj.較后的；后半的【教材原句】Ifthelatter,don’tyouthinkyourparentswouldwanttolistentoyouandunderstandyourfeelings? 如果是后者，你不覺得你的父母會愿意聽你說話，理解你的感受嗎? formern.前者；adj.以前的，之前的everytime（+時間狀語從句）每次…的時候【教材原句】Perhapsthemealyousaidwas“delicious”willbeservedeverytimeyouvisit. 也許你說的“好吃”的飯菜會在你每次來的時候都有。 thefirst/secondtime（+時間狀語從句）第一次/第二次……時(the)lasttime/(the)nexttime（+時間狀語從句）上次/下次……時bythetime（+時間狀語從句）到……時為止independentadj.獨立的；自立的the+比較級…,the+比較級…越…，越…【教材原句】Themoreindependentyouare,thebetteryourlifewillbe.你越獨立，你的生活就會越好。beindependentof不依賴于；獨立于 independencen.獨立bedependenton/dependon依靠；依賴；取決于Themore,thebetter.越多越好；多多益善apartadv.分離，分開【教材原句】Assoonastheystartedtogetcloser,theyhurteachotherwiththeirquills,sotheyhadtomoveapart. 它們剛開始靠近，就用刺互相傷害，所以它們不得不分開。take...apart將……拆卸開 tell...apart把……區別/分辨開apartfrom除了，除……之外(還有)

語法清單語法清單過去分詞作狀語結構：done邏輯主語：主句的主語關系構成：與主句的主語構成動賓關系/主句的主語與過去分詞構成被動關系意義：作時間狀語：相當于時間狀語從句?？稍谶^去分詞前加上連詞“when,while,until”等，使其時間意義更明確。Askedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.=Whenaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.=WhenPhilipwasaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.當被問到對教學工作的觀點時，菲利普說他覺得它既有趣又有意義。作原因狀語：相當于原因狀語從句或并列句。Absorbedinpainting,Johndidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.＝BecauseJohnwasabsorbedinpainting,hedidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.＝Johnwasabsorbedinpainting,sohedidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.由于專心畫畫，約翰沒有注意到夜幕正在降臨。作條件狀語：相當于條件狀語從句。可加連詞if,unless等轉換成條件狀語從句。Usedwithcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.=Ifusedwithcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.=Ifonetinisusedwithcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.如果用得仔細的話，一罐可以用六周。作讓步狀語：相當于讓步狀語從句。有時可加although,though,evenif,eventhough,whether...or等連詞轉換成讓步狀語從句。Defeatedbyhisopponent,henevergaveupanyhope.＝Althoughdefeatedbyhisopponent,henevergaveupanyhope.＝Althoughhewasdefeatedbyhisopponent,henevergaveupanyhope.盡管被對手擊敗，但是他從沒放棄希望。作方式、伴隨狀語：相當于and連接的并列句。Sheacceptedthegift,deeplymoved.＝Sheacceptedthegift,andshewasdeeplymoved.她接受了禮物，深深地被感動了。過去分詞（done）與現在分詞（doing）作狀語的區別：過去分詞與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系，即表示被動；現在分詞與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的主謂關系，即表示主動。

單元過關單元過關一、根據首字母或中文提示完成句子。1．（2023秋·重慶·高一重慶巴蜀中學?？计谀㏒arahchosetotakethestairsandwhenreachingthe20thfloor,shefeltoutofb___________.2．（2022春·山東濟南·高一統考期末）Tobef______,IthinkJinanhasmadeabetterimpressiononmethananyotherplace.3．（2023秋·廣東廣州·高一廣州市培正中學統考期末）(原諒)________me,butIreallydon’tagreewithyouabouttheneedforchange.4．（2023秋·吉林·高一校聯考期末）Hesaiditsosincerelythathiswife__________(寬恕)himrightaway.5．（2023秋·廣東汕頭·高一統考期末）Haveyousharedthelearning________(策略)withyourpartner?6．（2022春·新疆塔城·高一沙灣縣第一中學?？计谀㊣fyouencouragestudentstoexpresstheirthoughtsandcreativeideas,theywilllearntobecome________(獨立的)thinkers.7．（2022春·廣西桂林·高一統考期末）Beforetravellingwemust__________(確保，保證)theavailabilityofpetrolandoil.8．（2022春·廣西南寧·高一南寧三十六中?？计谀㊣don’tlikeskating;m______(而且),theiceistoothin.9．（2022秋·福建寧德·高一統考期末）Doesitc_______(使擔心)youthatyourchildrenareoutafterdark?10．（2020秋·安徽蚌埠·高一統考期末）Hungeristhebody’ss________（信號）thatlevelsofbloodsugararetoolow.二、用單詞的適當形式完成句子1．（2021秋·廣東東莞·高一統考期末）________(compare)withothersports,basketballfeaturesmorecontinuousaction.2．（2023秋·廣東惠州·高一統考期末）Iwas________(annoy)withhimabouthisbadhabit.3．（2023秋·廣東東莞·高一統考期末）_____(form)bysometeenagers,thebandisquitepopularamongstudents.4．（2023秋·重慶·高一西南大學附中?？计谀〢nyonewhocomesthroughourdoorswillbewelcomedwithloveandservice,________(base)ontheirneedandourcapacitytoprovide.5．（2022春·黑龍江哈爾濱·高一哈爾濱市第三十二中學校校考期末）________(surround)byariver,theparkhadacentralpondwithflowersfloatinginit.6．（2022春·黑龍江哈爾濱·高一哈爾濱市第三十二中學校?？计谀_______(frank)speaking,Idon’tagreewiththem.7．（2022春·湖南長沙·高一雅禮中學?？计谀㎡nemightthinkFlemingdiscoveredpenicillin________accident,butactuallythisisfarfromthetruth．8．（2022春·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·高一統考期末）The________(embarrass)lookonherfaceshowedthatshehadn’texpectedmyarrival.9．（2022春·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·高一統考期末）________（locate）inthecentraldistrict,thehoteloffersthebestservicewiththelowestprice.10．（2022春·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·高一統考期末）Itistheirresponsibilityto_____(sure)thattheplansarecarriedout.三、單項選擇1．（2020秋·天津·高一校聯考期末）_______tothehospital,thebadlyinjuredstudentwastreatedwithoutdelayandnowisoutofdanger.A．Havingrushed B．Rushing C．Torush D．Rushed2．（2022春·天津紅橋·高一統考期末）Thisdoesn’thappen______;ithappensbydesign.A．onceinawhile B．byaccident C．intheend D．moreorless3．（2022秋·天津·高一天津市寶坻區第一中學校聯考期末）Children’sover-dependenceoncellphoneshasbecomeoneofthetop________ofmodernparents.A．benefits B．concerns C．responses D．functions4．（2023春·天津·高一天津三中?？计谥校㎝r.Greenisawarm-heartedman,andheisalwayswillingto________otherswheneverheisneeded.A．makeout B．putout C．helpout D．lookout5．（2023春·天津·高一天津三中?？计谥校℡ourlearning________needstobeadjustedalittlesothatyouwillhavesometimeforyourownhobbies.A．embarrassment B．complexity C．concern D．strategy6．（2023秋·廣東廣州·高一鐵一中學校聯考期末）Hewaslateagain,________madetheteacher________.A．who;annoying B．which;annoyed C．that;annoying D．that;annoyed7．（2022春·廣東深圳·高一統考期末）—Takeitasalesson!Remember“________”.—Iwon’tspeakthatmuchtounfamiliarpeopleanymore.A．Tickalltherightboxe