2/22022年【暑假分層作業】高二英語（人教版2019必修）復習第06練語法過關練3(名詞性從句)種類關聯詞例句說明主語從句連詞thatThathewillcomeandhelpyouiscertain.他來幫助你是確實無疑的。that在引導主語從句時不可省去whetherWhetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.月球上有沒有生命是個有趣的問題。主語從句中只能用whether不可用if。連接代詞whowhatwhichwhateverWhathewantstotellusisnotclear.他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.誰能贏得這場比賽還不得而知。主語從句放在句首，句子常顯得笨重，因此一般連接副詞whenwherewhyhowItisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.英語晚會將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。把它移到句子后面，前面用引導詞“it”來作形式主語。賓語從句陳述意義thatIbelieve(that)heishonest.我相信他是忠誠的。Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.我們決不能認為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。that在句中不擔任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時,第二個分句前的that不可省。疑問意義ifwhetherIwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.我想知道他來還是不來。Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。Idon’tknowif(whether)itisinteresting.我不知道它是否有意思。Hedoesn’tcareifitisn’tafineday.他不在乎天氣是否好。whether常與ornot連用，不能用if代替。作介詞賓語要用whether不能用if。從句是否定句時一般用if引導。特殊疑問意義who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whicheverPleasetellmewhatyouwant.請告訴我你需要什么？Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.凡需要幫助的人，她都會給予熱情的支持。賓語從句作及物動詞賓語也可做介詞的賓語。注1如果賓語從句后面有賓語補足語，則用it作形式賓語，將從句后置。Wemustmakeitclearthatanyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.我們必須認清無論誰違反了法律都要受到懲罰。注2think,believe,imagine,suppose等動詞引出的賓語從句，要將從句中的否定形式，移到主句中。Wedon’tthinkyouareright.我們認為你不對。Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不會這樣做的。表語從句連詞thatwhetherasifTheproblemis(that)theycan’tgethereearlyenough.問題是他們不能很早到達這里。Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.看起來天要下雨。在非正式的文體中that可以省去表語從句位于主句系動詞之后連接代詞whowhatwhichThat’sjustwhatIwant.這正是我想要的。Thequestioniswho(whichofyou)willbethenextspeaker.問題是誰（你們哪一位）接著發言。連接副詞whenwherewhyhowThisiswhereourproblemlies.這就是我們的問題所在。Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.那就是他為什么不到會的原因。同位語從句由連詞that引導，不擔任成分，也可有when,how,where等引導。Thenewsthathehadlandedonthemoonspreadallovertheworld.他曾在月球上登陸這個消息傳遍世界。Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomebackhome.我不知道他什么時候回來。ThethoughtcametohimthatMaryhadprobablyfallenill.他想到可能瑪麗生病了。Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.他必須回答他是否同意此事這樣一個問題。同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內容，常用的名詞如：fact,news,idea,hope,thought,question,order,fear,doubt,word,proof，belief,story等。特別注意what的雙重功能：=1\*GB3①Whatwasonceregardedasimpossiblehasnowbecomeareality．(what為“所……的事”，相當于“thethingthat…；allthat…；everythingthat…”)=2\*GB3②After________seemedaverylongtime，Iopenedmyeyeandfoundmyselfinbed．（MET'93）A.whatB.whenC.thatD.which(what相當于“thetimethat”，表示“……時間”)=3\*GB3③Heisnotwhathewasafewyearsago.WhoisitthathasmadeFredwhatheisnow？(what表示“……的人”，相當于“thepersonthat…”)=4\*GB3④WhatisnowtheNorthSaharaDesertwasonceacivilizedworld．(what表示“……的地方”，相當于“theplacethat…”)=5\*GB3⑤Ourincomeisnowdoublewhatitwastenyearsago(what表示“……的數目”，相當于“theamount／numberthat…”)一、單項選擇1．________hewillcometoourschooltomorrowsurprisesusall.A．Why B．That C．What D．When2．Honestlyspeaking,thisis______Idisagreed______you.A．what;on B．where;on C．what;with D．where;with3．Happinessisn’taboutwhathappenstous;it’sabout________weseethethingsthathappentous.A．what B．how C．that D．why4．Iwillrecommendthechainstoreto________isinterestedingoodqualityandexcellentservice.A．what B．which C．whatever D．whoever5．Whetherbigorsmall,________allourchoiceshaveincommonisthattheyleadtospecificconsequences.A．how B．what C．that D．where6．______isagoodmealandagoodrest.A．Thatyoureallyneed B．ThatyoureallyneedC．Whatyoureallyneed D．Whatareyoureallyneeded7．Graduatestodaygetmorecreativeintheircareerpursuits,andcanquicklyrespondtoandchangewith_____themarketdemands.A．when B．which C．what D．that8．Neveraskachild________helikesordislikesafoodandjusttakeitforgrantedthathelikeseverythingandheprobably________.A．that…will B．that…canC．whether…will D．whether…can9．Manisalwayspursuingprofit,sometimes_________evenunaware________hehasdoneisharmfultotheenvironment.A．is…that B．/…that C．is…what D．/…what10．________hadexpectedtheretobeawar________thecountryimmediately.A．Who…wasfled B．Who…fledC．Whoever…wasfled D．Whoever…fled11．Thisis________theShenzhouVIIISpaceshiplanded.A．there B．inwhich C．theplacethat D．where12．Canyouimagine________hehadcompletinghisstudyintheuniversity?A．whatdifficult B．howdifficultC．whichdifficulty D．whatdifficulty13．Theawardwillgoto________hasthemostbeautifulcollectionofstamps.A．who B．theone C．anyone D．whoever14．Anewlibraryisbeingbuiltat________usedtobeawasteland.A．what B．which C．where D．that15．—Whatexactlymadehersoupset?—________.A．Shelostherwallet B．ShelosingherwalletC．Herwalletwaslost D．Thatshelostherwallet16．______we’lldoistoleaveanoteforMumtotellherwewon’tbebacktilllate.A．That B．Which C．What D．How17．—Haveyoufinishedreadingthebook?—No.I’vereadupto________thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.A．which B．what C．that D．where18．Itisimpossibletoknow________theirtruefeelingsare.A．where B．what C．whether D．that19．IdohopethattheroadsignIhaveplacedatthecrossroadswillbehelpfulto________feelsconfusedorgetslostthere.A．who B．whom C．whomever D．whoever20．Choosingtherightbooksforyourchildrendependson________theyareinterestedin.A．how B．why C．whether D．what21．—Doyouknow________thenewcomputeryesterday?—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A．howmuchdidshepayfor B．howmuchwillshepayforC．howmuchshepaidfor D．howmuchshewillpayfor22．Idon'tknow________shecanfinishtheworkbyherselfornot.A．whether B．what C．who D．if23．Toimprovelearningefficiency,studentsmustspendmoretimefocusingon_________theyareweakin.A．what B．where C．when D．which24．Greathonorswillbegivento______hassuccessfullyrescuedthevictimsoftheearthquake.A．thosewho B．whomever C．whoever D．who25．Therewillbeaspecialpricefor______buysthingsinlargenumbershere.A．who B．whom C．whoever D．whomever26．Itwas______heworkedoutthemathsproblemthatwewantedtoknow.A．what B．how C．that D．which27．—______hasmadeourcityDalian______sheistoday?—ItistheParty’spolicythathasmadeittakeonanewlook.A．What;what B．That;what C．There;so D．That;that28．Iremember______thisusedtobeaquietvillage.A．when B．how C．where D．what29．Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesson_________couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.A．whether B．what C．when D．where30．Younowknow________anunarmedmancandoagainstamanwithagun.A．how B．what C．why D．which31．Wepromisethat________attendsthepartywillhaveachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.A．who B．whom C．whoever D．whomever32．Aspartofthezero-Covidstrategy,Chinapublishesdetailsof________coronaviruscarriershavebeen,inabidtohelpwithcontacttracking.A．how B．what C．where D．who33．In________nowlookslikealinefromaShakespeareantragedy,there'sDonaldTrump'searlydeclaration:"Oneday,thevirusislikeamiracle;itwilldisappear."A．it B．that C．what D．as34．Somepeoplefeel________therearetoomanyprogramsaboutcrimeandviolenceand________eveneducationalprogramsdon’thelpchildren’seducation.A．/…that B．that…/ C．/…/ D．asif…that35．Ononeofthebaby’supward“flights”,Isnapped________,tenyearslater,remainsmyfavoritepictureoffatheranddaughter.A．which B．that C．it D．what36．Assoonastheinventionwasfinished,SissaBengaveittotheking,whowasgladandaskedhim________hewouldliketohaveinreturn.A．that B．what C．whether D．how37．________hasrecentlybeendonetoprovidemorefoodsuppliesforthecitizensinquarantine,ashortageofdailynecessitiesremainsaseriousproblem.A．Despitethat B．Thoughwhat C．What D．Inspiteofwhat38．Air,or________iscalledtheatmosphere,surroundsthewholeworld.A．that B．which C．what D．it39．Theteacherremindedus________ofuslefttheofficelastshouldturnofftheairconditionerandthelights.A．whatever B．whichever C．whomever D．whoever40．Themanagerhasdecidedtoput________hethinksisenergetic,clever,andhasagoodsenseofdutyinthepositionoftheleadershipofthecompany.A．thosewho B．anyone C．whomever D．whoever二、語法填空1閱讀下列材料，在空白處填入適當內容(1個單詞)或填入括號內單詞的正確形式。Englishisalanguage_41_(bring)toBritaininthe5thcenturybyAnglo-SaxonsettlersfromvariouspartsofNorthwestGermany.ItisconvenienttodivideEnglishintothreeperiodsroughly─OldEnglish,MiddleEnglish,andModernEnglish.The_42_(early)formofEnglishiscalledOldEnglishorAnglo-Saxon.OldEnglishdevelopedfromasetofNorthSeaGermanicdialects_43_(origin)spokenalongthecoastsofFrisia,LowerSaxony,Jutland,andSouthernSwedenbyGermanictribesknown_44_theAngles,Saxons,andJutes.Later,OldEnglishwasstronglyinfluencedbytheNorthGermaniclanguageNorse,spokenbytheVikingswhosettledmainlyinthenorthwest.ThemostfamousworkfromtheOldEnglishperiodistheepicpoemBeowulf,writtenby_45_unknownpoet.OldEnglishisverydifferentfromModernEnglishanddifficultforthe21st-centuryEnglishspeakerstounderstand.Forthe300yearsfollowingtheNormanConquestin1066,theNormankingsandthenobilityspokeonlya_46_(vary)ofFrenchcalledAnglo-Norman.Englishcontinuedtobethelanguageofthecommonpeople.TheNormaninfluence_47_(strong)thecontinualevolutionofthelanguageoverthefollowingcenturies,resultingin_48_isnowreferredtoasMiddleEnglish.Andoneofthebest-knownworksfromtheMiddleEnglishperiodisGeoffreyChaucer’sTheCanterburyTales.Fromthelate15thcentury,thelanguagechangedintoEarlyModernEnglish,oftendatedfromtheGreatVowelShift.Englishiscontinuouslyabsorbingforeignwords,especiallyLatinandGreek,causingEnglishtohavethelargestvocabularyofanylanguageintheworld.Bythelate18thcentury,theBritishEmpirehadspedthespreadofEnglishthroughitscoloniesandgeopoliticaldominance.Commerce,scienceandtechnology,diplomacy,artandformaleducationallcontributedtoEnglish_49_(become)thefirsttrulygloballanguage.Astherearemanywordsfromdifferentlanguages,theriskofmispronunciationishigh.In1755,SamuelJohnsonpublishedhisADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage,_50_introducedastandardsetofspellingconventionsandusagenorms.2閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容（1個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。Whenmeetingpeopleattheairport,mostpeoplesmileandshakehandswithpeopletheymeet.Weknowthatasmileisusuallyasignthatpeoplefeelfriendlyandhappy,_____51_____whatifwedon’tknowwhothenewpersonis?Whatifwearenot_____52_____(introduce)byafriend?Sometimespeoplearedangerousandhumanshavetofindwaystoprotect_____53_____(themself).Wehavetomakesurewecantrustpeoplewedonotknow,andwehavetoshowthatwearenotdangerous,showingourhandsmeansthatwearenotarmed.Inmanyculturestoday,theWesterncustomof___54___(shake)handsisused.Weuseourrighthand,whichisusually___55___(strong)thantheleftone.Ifweareusingourhandthisway,itcannotbeholdingaknifeoragun.

Itshowsthatwecantrusteachother.Notallculturesusethehandshake,andpeopleinmanyAsianculturesdonotalwaystouchanotherperson.Japanesepeoplemightcoveronehandwith___56___otherhand,dependingon_____57_____theyaregreeting,bow____58____(slight)orquitelow.AMuslimwilltouchhisheart,mouthandforehead_____59_____(show)respect.Theyareallkeepingtheirhandsbusy.Inalmostallcultures,tosmileandshowanopenrighthand______60______(mean)."Welcome,youaresafewithme."3閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Chinaishometodifferentkindsofsoybeans.In2011,thesoybeanoutputofChinadropped___61___thefourthplacearoundtheglobe,___62___（account）foronly5.55%oftheworld’stotal.Chinanowrelies____63____(much)onimporttomeetadomestic(國內的)needfortheplantthanever.Actually,GaiJuyiisoneofthemillionsofdiligentChinesepeople_____64_____(work)hardtochangethesituation.Forovertwo___65___(decade),Gaiandhisteamwentintovariousfieldsacrossthecountryjusttocollectseedfromthefarmers.“Noneoftheseedsisthesame.”hesaid.Seedcollectionisalreadynoeasyjob.Andtheyeven___66___(have)todelaytheprocessfromtimetotimebecauseofalackoffunding,manyofGai’sstudentsleft____67____industryforthesmallfinancialpayback.___68___,Gaihasremainedinhispostandsparednoeffortsinlookingafterthepreciousseeds.ThehardworkofGaiandhisteam___69___(final)paidoff.Thankstothem,China’ssoybeanharvestdoubledovertheyears.Theoldmansaid,“Iknow____70____mypersistencemeanswhenIseeself-producedtofuandsoybeanmilkonChinesepeople’stable.”4Ms.Marywasovereighty,butshestilldroveheroldcarlikehalfherage.Sheloveddrivingveryfast,andboastedofthefact__71__shehadnever,inherthirty-fiveyearsofdriving,beenpunished__72__adrivingmistake.Thenoneday,shenearlylostherrecord.Apolicecarfollowedher,andthepolicemeninitsawherpassaredlightwithout__73__（stop).WhenMs.Marycamebeforethejudge,helookedatherseverelyandsaidthatshewastoooldtodriveacar,andthatthereason__74__shehadnotstoppedatredlightwasmostprobablythathereyeshadbecomeweak__75__oldage,sothatshehadsimplynotseenit.Whenthejudgehadfinished__76__hewassaying,Ms.Maryopenedthebighandbagshewascarryingandtookouthersewing.Withoutsayingaword,she__77__choose)aneedlewithaverysmalleye,andthreadeditatthefirsttime.Whenshehad__78__（success)donethis,shetookthethreadoutoftheneedleagainandhandedboththeneedleandthreadtothejudge,saying,“Nowitisyourturn.Isupposeyoucandriveacarwell,andyouhavenodoubts__79__youreyesight.”Thejudgetooktheneedleandtriedtothreadit.Afterhalfadozentimes,hehadstillnotsucceeded.ThecaseagainstMs.Mary__80__(dismiss解雇),andherrecordremainedunbroken.三、完成句子81．地理老師告訴我們，哥白尼是對的，地球圍繞著太陽轉。ThegeographyteachertoldusCopernicuswasrightand________theearth________(move)aroundthesun.82．布朗先生怎樣度過這艱難時間？____________canMr.Brown_______________________thedifficulttime?83．毫無疑問，這個候選人的優勢在于他能用英語與外國人交流的能力。________thiscandidate’sadvantageliesinhisabilitytocommunicatewithforeignersinEnglish.84．我仍然懷疑商店里的電腦價格會不會下降，不過我還是要等等看。Istilldoubt________thepriceofcomputersinthestorewillgodown,butIwilljustwaitandsee.85．這個年輕人能否承擔如此重要的任務還有些疑問。________theyoungmancanundertake(承擔)suchanimportanttask.86．瑪麗已經不是10年前的她了。Maryisnolonger________________________tenyearsago.87．沒有人知道接下來將會發生什么。Nobodyknows________________________next.88．他在會上說的話使在場的每個人都很驚訝。________________________atthemeetingsurprisedeverybodypresent.89．我們很難想象古代奴隸們的生活是什么樣子的。（what做定語）It’sdifficultforustoimagine_______________________forslavesintheancientworld.90．一座現代化城市已在十年前還是一片荒地的地方建起來了。（what做主語）Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_____________________tenyearsago.91．你知道那個女孩的父親是干什么的嗎？（what做表語）Doyouknow_____________________?92．毫無疑問，如果你有困難的話，大家會幫助你的。Thereis________youwillbehelpedbyothersifyouhaveanydifficulties.93．希望你們能從這次事故中吸取教訓。________youcanlearnale