、名詞性從句的分類：______從句______從句______從句______從句賓語主語表語同位語二．賓語從句：在句中起___________作用的從句稱為賓語從句。賓語從句可分為三類：________后的賓語從句、___________后的賓語從句、___________后的賓語從句。引導賓語從句的連接詞主要有三類：從屬連詞：that,if,whether,不作句子成分，只起連接作用；________可以省略。連接代詞：what,who,whose,which,whatever,whoever等，在賓語從句中作主語，賓語，表語或定語。連接副詞：when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever等，在賓語從句中作狀語。賓語動詞介詞形容詞that二．賓語從句：1. 動詞后的賓語從句：(1) doubt后接賓語從句時：若doubt用于肯定句，后面的賓語從句的連接詞常用_________或________若doubt用于否定句或疑問句，后面的賓語從句的連接詞用__________Shedoubted/hadsomedoubt______________hersoncouldsucceed.Idon’tdoubt/havenodoubt____________ourexperimentwillbecarriedoutintime.(2) demand,order,suggest,advise,insist（堅持要求）,desire,request,require,command等表示“要求、命令、建議”等的動詞后的賓語從句的謂語常用“___________________”。Theteachersuggestedthatwe_______________(clean)theblackboardafterclass.Johninsistedthathe_________________(go)withus.ifwhetherthatwhether/ifthat(should)+動詞原型(should)clean(should)go二．賓語從句：1. 動詞后的賓語從句：(3) 動詞find,feel,think,consider,make,believe,guess,suppose,assume等后有賓語補足語時，需要用it作形式賓語，而將賓語從句后置。有些動詞（短語），如hate,like,take,owe,have,take…forgranted,seeto（注意、務必），帶賓語從句時習慣上需要在賓語從句前加_________。Ithink_________necessarythatwedrinkplentyofboiledwatereveryday.Theteachermade_________arulethatallthecleaningshouldbefinishedbefore7:30everymorning.Ihate_________whentheytalkwiththeirmouthsfulloffood.itititit二．賓語從句：2. 介詞后的賓語從句：He’lltalktousabout_________hesawintheUSA.I’minterestedonlyin________theworkisgoingbutnotin______isdoingit.Successdependson__________wemakeenoughefforts.(介詞后表“是否”，不能用______)Weknownothingabouthimexcept_________heisadoctor.Icameacrossanoldfriendofminefrom________Iwasachildinthestreetyesterday.Icanseehimfrom_________I’mhiding.whathowwhowhetherifthatwhenwhere二．賓語從句：3.形容詞后的賓語從句：(1)表示情感的形容詞后可接賓語從句，如：afraid,certain,glad,pleased,sure,surprised,sorry,happy等。I’mverypleased_________allofyourfamilywillcome.I’msure_________they’llmakeitinspiteoftheterribleweather.(2)sure后賓語從句：

當besure用于肯定句時，其后的賓語從句的連接詞常用_______;

當besure用于否定句時，其后的賓語從句的連接詞常用_______________。

Areyousure________Iwon’tbotheryouifIsitbesideyou?Iamnotsure________Ishouldwritetohimornot.thatthatthatwhether/ifthatwhether二．賓語從句：4.兩個需要注意問題：(1)賓語從句的時態：

當主句是現在時時，賓語從句根據具體情況選擇合適的時態；當主句是過去時時，賓語從句只能用過去的時態；但是如果賓語從句表示客觀事實或真理，不管主句是何種時態，

從句都要用一般現在時。Ididn’tknowwhathe____________(do)whenIphonedhim.Icanstillrememberthatshe___________(be)ahappygirlatthattime.Heisproudthathe_________________(achieve)allhisgoalssofar.Asachild,Iwastoldthatthemoon_________(have)nolightofitsown.Ididn’tbelieveit.wasdoingwashasachievedhas二．賓語從句：4.兩個需要注意問題：(2)否定轉移:主句謂語是think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine等動詞，且主語為_______人稱時，賓語從句中的否定詞要轉移到_________中，即主句的謂語動詞用________形式，而從句的謂語動詞要用_________形式。我想我不能在兩小時內記住這100個單詞。___________________________the100wordswithintwohours.

我想他不喜歡它。_______________________________________________.第一主句否定肯定Idon’tthinkIcanrememberIdon’tsupposethathelikesit.三．主語從句：在句中起___________作用的從句稱為主語從句。引導主語從句的連接詞主要有三類：1.從屬連詞：that,whether，在主語從句中不作成分，但不可省略。2.連接代詞：what,who,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等，在主語從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語。3.連接副詞：when,where,how,why等，在主語從句中作狀語。主語三．主語從句：1.that引導的主語從句：that

從句中充當任何成分，只起連接作用，通常

省去，且常用it作形式主語。_________thecollegewilltakeinmorenewstudentsistrue.=_____________________thecollegewilltakeinmorenewstudents.2.wh-類引導的主語從句：________willbesenttherehasn’tbeendecided?__________wewillgotheretomorrowdependsontheweather.（主語從句中表“是否”，不能用_____）It’sdoubtful___________thispaintingisaPicasso.________surprisedusmostwasthebeautifulscenesthere.(=_________________surprisedusmostwasthebeautifulscenesthere.)_____________getstherefirstwillgettheprize.(=________________getstherefirstwillgettheprize.)_____________Iwillspendmysummervacationisstilluncertain.不能不在ThatItistruethatWhoWhetherifwhetherWhatThethingthatWhoeverAnyonewhoWhere三．主語從句：3.it作形式主語的句型。(1)It+be+nowonder,anhonor,apity,nosurprise,etc.+主語從句Itis_______________(難怪)_______you’veachievedsomuchsuccess.(2)It+be+said,reported,announced,thought,expected,etc.+主語從句Itisannounced__________theplanhasbeensuccessfullycarriedout.(3)It+seem,happen,appear,turnout,etc.+主語從句__________________(碰巧)___________Iwasawaywhenhecalled._____________________(結果)____________hewasafriendofmysister.It____________/___________sbthat…某人突然想到…。nowonderthatthatIthappenedthatItturnedoutthatoccurredtostruck三．主語從句：4.從句作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數問題:(1)從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用

。Thattheyarenotgoingtothecinema______(be)abigsurprisetous.Whenandwhereweshouldgo_____________________(decide)yet.Whenweshouldgoandwhereweshouldgo________________________(decide)yet.(2)what引導的從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用______；若從句謂語或從句后的表語是復數形式，則謂語動詞常用____________。Whatshesaid_____(be)wrong.Whatweneed______(be)books.Whatweneed_______(be)money.單數ishasnotbeendecidedhavenotbeendecided單數復數isareis三．主語從句：5.主語從句中的虛擬語氣：(1)在It’simportant/necessary/desirable/advisable/strange/surprising/natural,etc.+that句型中，主語從句用虛擬語氣，即（should）+動詞原形。

Itisnecessary_______I_____________________(return)itrightnow.Itissurprisingthathe__________________(be)sorude.Itisimportantthatwe_________________(study)Englishwell.(2)在It’ssuggested/advised/proposed/ordered/requested/insisted/required,etc.+that句型中，主語從句用虛擬語氣，即（should）+動詞原形。

Itissuggested___________avote_______________________(take).Itisproposedthatwe_____________________(hold)ameetingtodiscussit.that(should)return(should)be(should)studythat(should)betaken(should)hold四．表語從句：在句中作系動詞(be,seem,look,sound,appear,等)的

的從句稱為表語從句。引導表語從句的連接詞主要有三類：從屬連詞：that,whether，在表語從句中不作成分，起連接作用，that__________省略。連接代詞：who,whose,which,what,whoever,whatever等在主語從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語。連接副詞：when,where,how,why，在從句中作狀語。表語不可四．表語從句：1. that引導的表語從句：that在表語從句中不作成分，但是不能省略。Ourplanis_______we’llgothereonceaweek.Ifelt________wehadknowneachotherforyears.2. wh-引導的表語從句：Thisplaceisn’t__________itusedtobe.Thatwas__________wecampedlasttime.Thequestionis_______theyhavesignedthecontract.(表語從句中表“是否”時，只能用

而不能用

)thatthatwhatwherewhetherwhetherif四．表語從句：3.asif/asthough引導的表語從句：若表語從句描述的是真實情況，則使用該用的時態；若是非真實情況，則用虛擬語氣。

It’snoneofyourbusiness;youlookasif/thoughyou__________(be)mymother.Itlooksasif/thoughit_____________________(snow).4.如果主語是suggestion,advice,order,request,requirement等時，其后的表語從句常用虛擬語氣，即（should）+動詞原形。Myadviceis________you____________________(nottell)lies.Thedoctor’sadviceisthatI________________(rest)more.wereisgoingtosnowthat(should)nottell(should)rest四．表語從句：5.三個易混句式：(1)This/That/Itis______+結果That’s_________Iwantyoutoworkthere.(2)This/That/Itis__________+原因It’sjust___________hedoesn’tknowher.(3)Thereason_________…is________…Thereason__________hedidn’tcomewas_________itwasrainingheavily.whywhybecausebecausewhythatwhythat五．同位語從句：在句中起同位語作用的從句稱為同位語從句。一般放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question等_______名詞的后面，對名詞作進一步的

。引導同位語從句的詞有that,which,what,whether,how,when,where等。抽象解釋說明五．同位語從句：1. that引導的同位語從句:that只起連接作用，不充當句子成分，但是不能省略。Thenews

Ihavepassedtheexamistrue.2. whether引導的同位語從句：whether表“是否”，不能用if替換。Thequestion

hewilljoinusisveryimportant.3.wh-引導的同位語從句：Thequestion

shoulddotheworkisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.Wehaven’tsettledthequestion

wearegoingtospendoursummervacationthisyear.Thequestion

theskyisblueisdifficulttoanswer.thatwhetherwhowherewhy五．同位語從句：4.suggestion,advice,request,demand,order等名詞后的同位語從句用虛擬語氣，即“(should)+動詞原形”。Hemadethesuggestion

they

(carry)ontheirconversation.Thebossrefusedthedemand

she

(do)theworkalone.5.同位語從句與定語從句的區別:同位語從句“解釋、說明”它所修飾的名詞，該名詞在同位語從句中

，且不是所有名詞都可以用同位語從句修飾。定語從句“修飾、限定”它所修飾的名詞即先行詞，且先行詞在從句中必須充當成分。

Wearedelightedatthenews

wearegoingtospendoursummervacationinHainan.(

從句)Noneofusshowedanyinterestinthenews

Johntoldusyesterday.(

從句)that(should)carrythat(should)do不充當成分that同位語that定語六．需要注意的幾個問題：1.wh-ever和nomatterwh-的區別：

wh-ever既可以引導名詞性從句，又可以引導讓步狀語從句，而nomatterwh-只能引導讓步狀語從句。

Iwillgivethisdictionaryto________________________canwinthefirstprizeintheEnglishcontest.___________________________canwinthefirstprizeintheEnglishcontest,Iwillgivethisdictionarytohim.____________