演講人：日期：有關糖尿病的英文IntroductiontoDiabetesManagementofDiabetesComplicationsAssociatedwithDiabetesPreventionStrategiesforDiabetesCurrentResearchandAdvancementsinDiabetesTreatmentConclusion:LivingWellwithDiabetes目錄01IntroductiontoDiabetes0102DefinitionDiabetesisachronicconditionthataffectshowthebodyprocessesbloodsugar(glucose)TypesofDiabetesTherearethreemaintypesofdiabetes-type1,type2,andGestationaldiabetesType1DiabetesItisanautoimmunediseasewherethebodyattachmentsanddestroysthecellsinthepancreasthatproductinsulinType2DiabetesItoccurswhenthebodybenefitsexisttoinsulinordoesn'tmakeenoughinsulinGestationalDiabetesItisaformofdiabetesthatoccursduringpregnancy030405DefinitionandTypesofDiabetesIncrementedthirdandurinationFeelinghungryevenaftereatingSymptomsandSignsofDiabetesFatigueandweaknessBlurredvisionSlowhealingsoresorcutsSymptomsandSignsofDiabetes0102SymptomsandSignsofDiabetesTinglingornumbnessinhandsorfeet(type2diamonds)Weightlossdespiteincreasedappearance(type1diabetes)GeneticfactorsHavingafamilyhistoryofdiabetesincreasestheriskObesityandphysicalactivityBeingoverweightandnotgettingenoughexercisearemajorriskfactorsfortype2diabetesCausesandRiskFactorsforDiabetesAgeTheriskofdevelopingtype2diabetesincreaseswithageEthnicityCertainethicalgroups,suchasAfricanAmericans,Hispanics,NativeAmericans,AsianAmericans,andPacificIslands,areathigherriskGestationalplatesWomenwhohavehadGestationalplatesareatanincreasingriskofdevelopingtype2plateslaterinlifeCausesandRiskFactorsforDiabetesBloodsugartestsTheseincludethefastplasmaglucosetest,theoralglucosetolerancetest,andtherandomplasmaglucosetestThisbloodtestindicatesaveragebloodsugarlevelsoverthepastthreemonthsTocheckfortokensorexcesssugarintheurine,whichcanbesignedofdiamondsDependenceontheinitialresults,doctorsmayorderadditionalteststoconfirmthediagnosisandassesstheseverityofdiamondsGlycatedhemoglobin(A1C)testUrinetestAdditionaltestsDiagnosisandTestsforDiabetes02ManagementofDiabetesQuittingSmokingSmokingprocessiscriticalforpeoplewithdiamondsasitcanbeworrisomecontrollingandincreasingtheriskofcomplicationsHealthyEatingAdoptingabalanceddielowinsugarandfat,andhighinfiberandwholegrainscanhelpmanagediamondsRegularExerciseEngaginginphysicalactivitysuchaswalking,swimming,orstrengthtrainingcanimprovebloodglucosecontrolWeightManagementLosingweightifoverweightorobjectivecanimproveinsulinsensitivityandreducetheriskofdiabetesrelatedcomplicationsLifestyleChangesforManagingDiabetesOralMedicationsAvarietyoforalmedicinesareavailabletohelplowerbloodglucoselevels,includingsulfonylureas,metaformin,andthiazolidinedionesInjectableMedicationsCertaintreatments,suchasGLP-1inhibitorsandamyloidanalyses,areadministeredbyinjectiontohelpmanagediabetesCombinationTherapySometimes,acombinationoforalandinjectablemediamaybeusedtoachievebetterbloodglucosecontrolMedicationsforTreatingDiabetesTypesofInsulin01Differenttypesofinsulinareavailable,includingrapidacting,shortacting,intermediateacting,andlongactinginsulinInsulinDeliveryMethods02Insulincanbeadministeredthroughsyringes,insulinpens,orinsulinpumpsInsulinDosageAdjustments03InsulinDosagemayneedtobeadjustedbasedonbloodglucosemonitoringresults,medicalplans,andphysicalactivitylevelsInsulinTherapyforManagingDiabetesMonitoringBloodGlucoseLevelsBloodglucosemetersPortablebloodglucosemetersareusedtomeasurebloodglucoselevelsathomeContinuousGlucoseMonitorSomedevicescancontinuouslymonitorbloodglucoselevelsthroughoutthedayandnightHemoglobinA1cTestsPeriodichemoglobinA1ctestsarerecommendedtoassesslongtermbloodglucosecontrolKetoneTestingPeoplewithdiamondsshouldalsomonitortheirKetonelevels,specificallyduringperiodsofillnessorstress03ComplicationsAssociatedwithDiabetesAconditioninwhichplateaubuildsupinsidethearts,narrowingthemandreducingbloodflowAtherosclerosisPlaquebuildupinthecoronaryartscanleadtochestpain(angina)oraheartattackCoronaryArtDiseaseNarrowedorblockedartscanreducebloodflowtothebrain,causingastrokeStrokeDiabetescandamagethebloodvessels,leadingtoincreasedbloodpressureHighBloodPressureCardiovascularComplicationsDiabetescandamagethekidneys'filteringsystem,leadingtokidneydiseaseandevenkidneyfailureNephropathyDamagetothebloodvesselsintheretinacancausevisionlossorblindnessRetinopathySwellinginthemacaula,thepartoftheretinaresponsibleforcentralvision,canleadtoblurredvisionorvisionlossDiabeticMacularEdemaNephropathyandRetinopathy123Nervedamagecausedbydiabetescanleadtopain,numbness,orweaknessinthehandsandfeetNeuropathyLossofperceptioninthefeedcanleadtounnoticedinjuriesthatdevelopintoulcersFootUlcersMultiplefootulcersorinfectionsthatdonotrespondtotreatmentmayrequireamputationsAmplificationNeuropathyandFootUlcersOtherComplicationsAssociatedwithDiabetesDentalDiseaseGumDiseaseandtoothdecayaremorecommoninpeoplewithdiamondsDigestiveIssuesGastroparesis,aconditioninwhichtheStomachEmptiestooslowly,cancausenasea,invoicing,andabsolutepainSkinConditionsDiabetescanmakeskinproblems,suchasbacterialandfunctionalinfections,wordsSexualDysfunctionBothmenandwomenwithdiamondsmayexperiencesexualdysfunctionsduetonervedamageandvolatileproblems04PreventionStrategiesforDiabetesAchieveandmaintainahealthyweightthroughbalancedeatingandregularphysicalactivityReducebodyfat,specificallyaroundthewait,tolowertheriskofinsulinresistanceConsultahealthcareprofessionalorregistereddietaryforpersonalizedweightlossplansMaintainingaHealthyWeightEngageinatleast150minutesofmodernizedintensityairborneexerciseor75minutesofvigorousintensityairborneexerciseperweekIncorporatestrengthtrainingexercisesatleasttwiceaweektobuildmuscleandimproveinsulinsensitivityChooseactivitiesthatareenjoyableandcanbesustainedoverthelongtermRegularPhysicalActivityandExerciseHealthyEatingHabitsandDietaryChangesAdoptabalanceddierichinwholegrains,fruits,vegetables,leanproteins,andhealthyfatsLimittheintakeofprocessedfoods,sugardrinks,andsaturatedfatsPracticeportcontrolandmindfuleatingtoavoidovereatingAdvisorworkingwitharegistereddietitiantodevelopapersonalizedmealplanIdentifyandimplementstressmanagementtechniques,suchasdeepbreaking,treatment,oryogaPrioritizeself-careandmaketimeforrelaxingactivitiesthatpromoteoverallwellbeingManagingStressandMentalHealthSeeksupportfromfriends,family,oratherapisttoscopewithemotionalchallengesMonitorandmanagebloodsugarlevelseffectivelytoreducetheriskofdiabetesrelatedstress05CurrentResearchandAdvancementsinDiabetesTreatmentGLP-1ReceiverAgonistsAnewclassofmedicinesthatstimulatesinsulinproductionandsuppressesglucosesecretion,leadingtolowerbloodsugarlevelsSGLT2InhibitorsThesedrugsworkbyblockingthereactionofglucoseinthekidneys,resultinginincreasedglucoseexcessandlowerbloodsugarImmunoherapyResearchisongingtodevelopimmunoherapiesthatcantargetanddestroybetacellsthathavebeendamagedbytheimmunesystemintype1diabetesCellularReplacementTherapyThisapproachinvolvestransferringinsulinproducingcellsintopatientswithdiabetestorestorenormalinsulinproductionandbloodsugarcontrolNewMedicationsandTherapeuticApproachesContinuousGlucoseMonitor(CGMs)Thesedevicesmeasureglucoselevelsinreal-timeandprovidealertswhenbloodsugaristoohighortoolowInsulinPumpsInsulinpumpsaresmalldevicesthatdeliverinsulincontinuouslythroughacatalystplacedundertheskinTheycanbeprogrammedtodeliverdifferentamountsofinsulinbasedonbloodsugarlevelsandotherfactorsDiabetesManagementAppsTherearenowmanyappsavailablethathelppeoplewithdiabetestracktheirbloodsugarlevels,medicaldos,andotherimportanthealthinformationArtificialIntelligenceAIalgorithmsarebeingdevelopedtopredictbloodsugarlevelsandoptimizeinsulinbasedonvariousfactorssuchasdie,exercise,andstresslevelsTechnologyAssistedManagementToolsIsletCellTransformationClinicaltrialsareundergroundtotestthesafetyandeffectivenessoftransmittingIsletcells(whichproductinsulin)fromdonorsintopatientswithtype1diabetesStemCellTherapyResearchersareexploringtheuseofstemcellstogeneratenewinsulinproducin