專題03重要語法復習及專練一、情態動詞基本用法情態動詞基本用法例句can/could1.指能力,也可表示許可或請求。2.could也可用于現在時,表示有禮貌的請求，語氣比can婉轉。①Shecandrive,butshecan'trideabicycle.②—CanIuseyourtelephone?—Yes,ofcourseyoucan③—CouldIuseyourbicycle?—Yes,ofcourse,youcan.must/haveto/need1.must主要指不可推卸的責任。2.haveto意為“必須；不得不”，起情態動詞的作用,可以代替must。3.need主要指需要。①—MustIfinishalltheworktoday?—Yes,youmust.②YouhavetodriveontherightintheU.S.A.③You’llhavetogothereatonce.④Youneedn’tgetupsoearly,foritisSundaytoday.⑤Weneedtoworkharder.will/would1.will/would主要指提出客氣的請求。

①Wouldyouliketohavesomecoffee?②Wouldyoupleaseclosethewindowforme?③Iwouldratherstayathomethangoout.

二、連詞講解1.because“因為”?表示因果關系，回答why引導問句；-Whydidn’tyougotoschoolyesterday?--Ididn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseIwasill.?because不與so連用！！！正：Becauseitwasraining,westayedathome./Itwasraining,sowestayedathome.誤：Becauseitwasraining,sowestayedathome.?because+句子；becauseof+名詞(短語)Hecan’tcomebecauseheisill.Isaidnothingaboutitbecausehiswifewasthere.Hecan’tcomebecauseofhisillness.Isaidnothingaboutitbecauseofhiswife’spresencethere.2.but“但是”?表轉折關系Honeyissweet,butthebeestings.蜂蜜很甜，但蜜蜂有刺蜇人。Ioughttohavehelpedher,butInevercould.我本該幫她但沒能。?but+句子；however(放句首，作副詞)Ithoughtthosefigureswerecorrect.However,Ihaverecentlyheardtheywerenot.我原以為那些數字正確無誤，不過我最近聽說并不正確。Wealltriedourbest.However,welostthegame.?notonly…butalso=both…and注意：notonly…butalso謂語是就近原則。Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwasinvited.Boththestudentsandtheteacherwereinvited.三、時態講解一般過去時I.一般過去時的概念一般過去時表示過去某個時間發生的動作或存在的狀態。常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。如：lastyear,yesterday等；也可表示過去經常反復發生的動作，常和often,always等頻率副詞連用。例如：①Isawhiminthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上觀察他了。①LiMeialwayswenttoschoolonfootlastyear.去年李梅總是步行上學。II.動詞過去式的構成：(1)規章動詞過去式的構成有四條規章：①一般在動詞原形末尾挺直加上-ed。如：look-looked。①以不發音的字母e結尾的動詞，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。①末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。①末尾是輔音字母+y結尾的動詞，先變y為i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。(2)不規章動詞的過去式需特殊記憶。如：am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,e-came,take-took,have(has)-had等。過去進行時I.結構was/were+doing（現在分詞）II.用法1、過去進行時表示過去某段時間內持續進行的動作或者事情。常用的時間狀語thismorning，thewholemorning，alldayyesterday，fromninetotenlastevening，when，while例如：1WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight.。WhatwasheresearchingalldaylastSunday？2.過去進行時可以表示在過去某個時間點發生的事情。時間點可以用介詞短語、副詞或從句來表示。如：Whatwasshedoingatnineo'clockyesterday？昨天晚上九點她在做什么？（介詞短語表示時間點）WhenIsawhimhewasdecoratinghisroom.當我觀察他的時候他正在裝飾房間。（when從句表示時間點）3.在復合句中，假如主要動作和背景動作都是連續的或同時發生的，那么主從句的動詞都可用過去進行時。例如：Whilehewaswaitingforthebus，hewasreadinganewspaper.他邊等車邊看報。（兩個動作都是連續的）HewascleaninghiscarwhileIwascooking.他擦車時我在做飯。（兩個動作同時進行）4.通常不能用于過去進行時的動詞主要有：agree，be，believe，belong，care，forget，hate，have（擁有），hear，know，like，love，mean，mind，notice，own，remember，seem，suppose，understand，want，wish等。例如：誤：Iwasknowingtheanswer.正：Iknewtheanswer.我知道答案。誤：Iwasn'tunderstandinghim.正：Ididn'tunderstandhim.我不明白他的意思。一般將來時soon或短語nextyear/week/month,inafewdays,inthefuture,sometime做狀語。如：Whatwillyoudothisafternoon.你今日下午干什么？表示將來時間的幾種常見方法英語中除了“will/shall+動詞原形”表示半來時態外，還可以用“begoingto+動詞原形”表示。主要表示打算和猜想：Wearenotgoingtostaytherelong.我們不預備在那里多待。(表打算)I’mafraidthey’regoingtolosethegame.生怕他們會賽輸。(表猜想)注：begoingto后接動詞go和e時，通常挺直改用其進行時態：Whereishegoingtogo?/Whereishegoing?他打算到哪里去？現在完成時1.概念：過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果，或從過去已經開頭，持續到現在的動作或狀態。2.時間狀語：recently,lately,since…for…,inthepastfewyears,etc.3.基本結構：have/has+done4.否定形式：have/has+not+done.它主要適用于下面的幾種狀況：1表示截止現在業已完成的動作Bynow,IhavecollectedallthedatathatIneed.到現在為止，我已收集到了我所需的全部資料。Shehasread150pagestoday.她今日已看了150頁。2表示發生在過去而對現在產生影響、帶來結果的動作Haveyouhadyourdinner?你吃晚飯了嗎？3表示過去發生的動作持續到現在，并可能還要連續Ithasbeenfiveyearssincehejoinedthearmy.他參軍五年了。31)一個句子應當用什么時態只能取決于它需要表達的意思，以及它所處的語言環境。例如：HespeaksEnglish.（一般現在時，說明動作發生的經常性。）HespokeEnglishwhenhewasinNewZealand.（一般過去時，說明動作發生的時間。）HeisspeakingEnglish.（現在進行時，說明動作正在進行。）HehasspokenEnglishforthreeyearssincehecametotheUSA.（現在完成時，這里說明動作的總和。）HehasbeenspeakingEnglishsincehecametotheUSA.（現在完成進行時，強調動作的連續性。）2）在含有時間狀語從句或條件狀語從句的主從復合句中，假如主句的謂語動詞是一般將來時，那么從句的謂語動詞就只能用一般現在時來表示將來時；假如主句的謂語動詞是過去將來時，那么從句的謂語動詞就只能用一般過去時來表示過去將來時。例如：Iwillnotplaytennisifitrainstomorrow.Iwouldnotplaytennisifitrainedthenextday.3)有些動詞表示無法持續的動作，它們一般不宜用于進行時態中。這類動詞常見的有：be,believe,consist,find,forget,hate,have,hope,hear,know,like,love,notice,prefer,remember,see,seem,smell,suggest,taste,understand,want,wish,sitdown,standup等等。Be動詞若是用于進行時態，可表示臨時、短暫的狀況或表現。例如：Tomisbeingagoodboytoday.湯姆今日很乖。Heisbeingchildish.他這樣做是耍孩子氣。Youarenotbeingmodest.你這樣說不太虛心。【專項練習】一、單項選擇（一）1.Lucy

should

her

homework

now.

A.

finishes

B.

finishing

C.

finished

D.

finish2.My

mother

would

back

soon.

A.

came

B.

comes

C.

come

D.

will

come

3.Could

you

me

a

hand.

A.

giving

B.

gives

C.

given

D.

give

4.Should

I

now.

A.

started

B.

starting

C.

start

D.

starts5.

I

take

this

one?

A.

Could

B.

Will

C.

Are

D.

Do

6.-

Can

you

speak

English?

-

No,

I

.

A.

mustn't

B.

can't

C.

couldn't

D.

may

not

7.You

go

and

see

a

doctor

because

you

had

a

fever(燒).

A.

could

B.

might

C.

should

D.

would8.Jim

come

tonight,

but

he

isn't

very

sure

yet.

A.

should

B.

might

C.

would

D.

should

9.The

children

play

football

on

the

road.

A.

couldn't

B.

could

C.

must

D.

mustn't

10.-

Can

I

take

this

book

out.

-

No,

you

.

A.

must

not

B.

could

not

C.

will

not

D.

aren't

11.I

like

to

go

with

you.

A.

could

B.

would

C.

should

D.

will

12.She

is

bleeding

(血).

She

go

to

hospital

quickly.

A.

could

B.

would

C.

should

D.

will

13.You

watch

TV

after

finishing

your

homework.

A.

would

B.

can

C.

must

D.

should14.It

is

late.

I

go

home

now.

A.

could

B.

would

C.

should

D.

will

15.-

What

I

do

at

the

meeting?

A.

has

to

B.

would

like

C.

should

D.

not

should

16.

you

tell

me

where

the

WenHua

Market

is?

A.

could

B.

must

C.

should

D.

have

（二）1.-

Why

are

you

late

for

school

today?

-

the

heavy

traffic.

A.Because

B.

Becauseof

C.

Due

to

the

fact

that

2.

I

can’t

join

in

your

birthday

party

I

have

too

much

work

to

do

tomorrow.

A.

due

to

B.

because

of

C

because

3.-You

liked

the

bike

so

much.

Why

didn’t

you

buy

it?

-

it

is

too

expensive.

I

don’t

have

enough

money.

A.

Due

to

B.

Because

of

C.

Because

4.

I

felt

sad.

I

failed

in

the

exam

yesterday.

I

made

my

parents

disappointed

the

poor

grades.

A.since

B.because

of

C.due

to

the

fact

that

5.-Why

is

he

so

welcomed

by

others?

-

he

is

polite

to

everyone.

A.

Because

B.

Because

of

C.

Due

to

6.

-Why

don’t

we

hold

the

meeting

in

our

classroom?

-

It’s

too

small

to

hold

all

of

us.

A.

Due

to

B.

Because

C.

Because

of

7.

We

can’t

put

the

tree

in

our

room

its

height.

It

is

too

tall.

A.since

B.because

of

C.because

8.-Why

will

your

family

buy

a

new

car?

-

losing

the

old

car.

A.

Because

B.

Since

C.

Because

of

9.

Mr.

Smith

is

an

English

teacher

he

teaches

us

English.

A.

or

B.

and

C.

but

D.

so

10.

—

You

watched

the

fashion

show

last

night,

didn’t

you?

—

Yes,

I

missed

the

beginning.

A.

or

B.

and

C.

but

D.

so

11.

It’s

a

long

story,

but

there

are

few

new

words

in

it,

it

will

be

easy

for

children.

A.

or

B.

and

C.

but

D.

so

12.

Remember

to

return

the

books

to

the

library

on

time,

you

will

be

fined罰款).

A.

or

B.

and

C.

but

D.

so

13.

I

like

both

swimming

skating.

They

are

so

cool!

A.

or

B.

and

C.

but

D.

so

14.

I

was

ill

yesterday,

I

didn’t

go

to

work.

because,

so

B.

For,

and

C.

/,

but

D.

/,

so（三）1．Inthepast,largedogstheirownerssafefromdanger.A．keptB．keepC．havekeptD．willkeep2．Itforhourslastnightsotheairisverycleantoday.A．rainedB．israiningC．willrainD．rains3．Mybrotherastudentinthisschooltenyearsago.A．wasB．isC．areD．were4．Heusuallysomereadingintheevening,buthesportsyesterdayevening.A．does,playsB．did,playedC．does,playedD．does,isplaying5．Therealotofpeopleinthemuseumyesterday.A．isB．areC．wasD．were6．WeXiangShanParklastFriday.Wehadawonderfultime.A．visitB．visitsC．willvisitD．visited7．—Thebreadisdelicious.Wheredidyoubuyit?—Iitbymyself.A．ammakingB．willmakeC．made8．—Whatdidyoudolastsummerholiday?—IQingdaowithmyfamily.A．visitB．amvisitingC．visited9．Jimbegantoplayfootballwhenheveryyoung.A．isB．wasC．were10．Whatdidyouyesterday?A．buyB．boughtC．buyingD．isbuying11．Mostpeoplewhenthebigearthquaketookplaceinthatarea.A．aresleepingB．weresleepingC．sleptD．sleep12．–HaveyouseenMr.Blackthesedays,Jack?--Yes,ImethimwhenIinthestreetyesterday.walkedB．waswalkingC．havewalkedD．iswalking13．YouwereoutwhenIwenttoyourhousethismorning.Oh,IforafriendfromEnglandattheairport.A．waswaitingB．waitedC．amwaitingD．havewaited14．TomhishomeworkwhenIcalledhimlastnight.A．isdoingB．aredoingC．weredoingD．wasdoing15．Idon'twanttoseethefilmbecauseIitbefore.A．haven'tseenB．sawC．haveseenD．didn'tsee16．Beninthehospitalfortwodaysandthenwenthome.A．isstayingB．willstayC．hasstayedD．stayed17．HergrandparentsinShanghaiforabouttwentyyears.A．liveB．havelivedC．arelivingD．lived18．HaveyoueverbeentoNewYorkcity?Yes,Itheretwice.It’samoderncity.A．wasB．willgoC．havebeenD．hadbeen19．You’relate.Thefilmfor10minutes.A．beganB．hasbeenonC．hasbegunD．wason20．TheGreensinChinasince1999.Theyarehavingahappylife.【答案】（一）：1-5DCDCA6-10BCBDA11-16BCBCCA（二）：1-5BCCBA6-10BBCBC11-14DABD（三）：1-5：AAACD6-10DCCBA11-15BBADC16—20CBCBA用所給單詞適當形式填空（一）1.Wemustbrushour(teeth)atleasttwiceaday.2.Wecansavewaterby(nottake)abatheveryday.3.Don’t(waste)money.4.Plantsandanimalswill(dead)ifthere’snorain.5.Itthere(be)nowater,we(die).6.Weget(wooden)fromtheforest.7.Iboughta(wool)sweateryesterday.8.Themaniswearingapairof(glass).9.Wecanseepeoplewalkingintheparkwhenthereisawind.(gently)10.Thewindblowsandpeoplecannotwalkproperly.(fierce)11.Themeetingroomis.It’scooltostayinit.(air-conditioner)12.ofthestudentsaregirls.Onlyafewofthemareboys.(many)13.Youmademistakesinyourhomeworkthanbefore.(few)14.I’vemovedtoanewflat.It’sonthefloor.(twelve)15.I’dliketobea.Ihavetopracticemore.(sing)16.ManyforeignersliketogoinBeijing.(sightsee)17.Wemustkeepthemushroomsfresh.(dry)18.TherewillbetrafficjamsinShanghai.(few)19.Therearen’tinthoserooms.Sotheyfeelveryhot.(air-condition)20.Peterisaphotographer.Hetakes.(photo)21.Inthebalconytherearealotofflowers.(beauty)22.Watermelonsareakindoffruit.(season)23.Idon’tlikericedumplings.(salt)24.Therearesomeoverthere.(trolley)25.Thereisabusoneachbus.(conduct)26.Wemustwaitforthegreenlightatthe.(cross)27.WhatwillinShanghaibelikein10years’time?(travel)28.Therewillbetrafficjamsinthefuture.(few)29.Joelikesusingcardbetterthanusingmoney.(transport)30.Pleaseholdyourraincoat.(tight)31.Jamesistakingtheseflowerintohisroom.(pot)32.Theintheskymovequickly.(cloud)33.Amyisatopstudent.Shealwaysdoesherhomework.(careful)34.Atfirst,thewindblows.(gentle)35.Thenoticeisimportant.Shereaditveryjustnow.(careful)36.Aftertyphoon,manystreetworkonthestreet.(clean)37.Peoplelikeflyingkitesondays.(wind)38.Weshouldwaitforthegreenlightatthe.(cross)39.Shipsandboatsinthebigwaveswhenthetyphooncame.(sink)40.usenetstocatchfishandprawnsinthedeepsea.(fish)【答案】1.teeth2.nottaking3.waste4.die5.is,willdie6.wood7.woolen8.glasses9.gentle10.fiercely11.air-conditioned12.Most13.fewer14.twelfth15.singer,singing16.sightseeing17.dried18.fewer19.air-conditioners20.photos21.beautiful22.seasonal23.salty24.trolleys25.conductor26.crossing27.travelling28.fewer29.transporting30.tightly31.pots32.clouds33.carefully34.gently35.carefully36.cleaners37.windy38.crossing39.sank40.Fishermen（二）1.Atfirst,thewindsblows(gentle).2.Youmustdoyourhomework(care).3.PeterandSimonare(play)intheplayground.4.What’stheweatherliketoday?It’s(wind).5.Look!Thereisa(fish)boatinginthemiddleofthelake.6.Youmuststop(eat)chocolates.Youaresofatnow.7.Istopped(post)aletteratnoontoday.8.Allthestudentsstopped(look)upwhentheyheardaloudnoisesuddenly.9.Wecansavewaterby(fix)thedrippingtap.10.Ifthereisnowater,fishwillhavenowhere(live).11.Ifthereisnorain,there(be)nowatertowashthedishes.12.Plants(die)ifthereisnowater.13.Ifshe(come)back,I(tell)herthenews.14.Insomeplaces,wecanget(drink)waterby(take)awaythesaltfromtheseawater.15.Wemust(keeping)ourcityclean.16.Studentscanfindsomeinteresting(information)aboutourworld.17.Wecanusewaterfor(cook)food.18.Peopleusemostofthelandfor(farm).19.Ifthereisnorain,there(be)nowatertogrowvegetables.20.Firemenusewaterto(put)outfires.21.Tigersareakindof(danger)animals.22.Wemuststop(pollute)theair.23.Wecansavewaterby(turn)offthetaps.24.Wemustn’twashthedishesundera(run)tap.【答案】1.gently2.carefully3.playing4.windy5.fishing6.eating7.posting8.tolookup9.fixing10.tolive11.willbe12.willdie13.comes,willtell14.drinking,taking15.keep16.information17.cooking18.farmers19.willbe20.put21.dangerous22.polluting23.turning24.running（三）1.Theyaretoo.(salt)2.dietisgood.(she)3.Danny’sdietishealthythanAlice’s.(little)4.Idon’tliketoeatsandwichesandrice.(fry)5.It’shelpfultowritealist.(shop)6.Tokyoisthecapitalof(Japanese)7.TherearemanytallinGardenCity.(build)8.Letsaysomethingabouttoyoufirst.(I)9.IliketogowithMumandshealwaysbuyssomethingforme.(shop)10.Manypeopleliketogoabroadonholidays.(China)11.Therearesomanybeautifulhere.Ihavenoideawhichonetochoose.(scarf)12.OurleavesNewYorkat10a.m.(fly)13.Theofthetrainwasdelayed.(depart)14.arehelpfulinthesupermarket.(trolley)15.Jessicahasalotofdrinks.(bring)16.Wouldyoupleasefindsomeforme?(trolley)17.Where’smycard?Ican’tfindit.(board)18.HasJennyenoughdumplingsforlunch?(buy)19.Pleasetellmethetimeandthearrivaltimeofthisflight.(depart)20.usuallygowindow-shoppinginbigcities.(tour)21.Iliketheblackshoes,butIdon’tlikethewhite.(one)22.It’sverytoswimintheriver.(danger)23.Wouldyoulikesomericedumplings?(salt)24.Yourcousinwilltellthetruth(late)25.Ihavebeentomanyother(country)26.Igototherestaurantaweek.(one)27.Ienjoythewinterholiday.Ihavealotoffun.(real)28.Thereispollutioninthecountrysidethaninthecities.(little)29.Somestudentslikeallkindsof.(act)30.Computerspecialistsalwayswriteprogramsforpeopletosolvedifferent.(problem)31.TheDragonBoatFestivalisinthelunarmonth.(five)32.Ilikesweetricedumplings,butIdon’tlikesaltywithoutmeat.(one)33.Wouldyoulikesomeforlunchtoday?(sandwich)34.Sallyhasastomachache.Sheshouldhavericedumplings.(few)35.Wemustn’tpollutetheenvironmentanymorebecausemanyanimalsandplantsarein.(dangerous)36.Theisinterviewingabusinessman.(report)37.Grandmaoftenwearsapairofwhenshedoessomesewing.(glass)38.Ithinkyouaretooweak.Youshoulddoexercise.(much)39.Ciciwonthefirstprize.(final)40.Judycanlendyouthebook.(possible)41.Myfatherisa.Hebreadandcakeintheeveryday.(bake)42.Therearealotofjobsinourcity.(season)43.Boystudentsmustwearshirtswithshort.(sleeve)44.Allthestaffroomsinourschoolare.(air-conditioned)45.WecanseealotofpeopleintheseainQingdao.(swim)46.LastyeartherewasaheavysnowinShanghai.Manychildrenmadeinthegarden.(snowman)47.Theywillbewhenthey’re28yearsold.(report)48.I’llbetallerandin3years’time.(heavy)49.Watermelonisonekindoffruits.(season)50.Dannywillbeacookwhenhegrowsup.(possible)【答案】1.salty2.Her3.less4.fried5.shopping6.Japan7.buildings8.memyself9.shopping10.Chinese11.scarves12.flight13.departure14.trolleys15.brought16.trolleys17.boarding18.bought19.departure20.Tourists21.ones22.dangerous23.salty24.later25.countries26.once27.really28.less29.actions30.problems31.fifth32.ones33.sandwiches34.fewer35.danger36.reporter37.glasses38.more39.finally40.possibly41.bakerbakesbakery42.seasonal43.sleeves44.air-conditioned45.swimming46.snowmen47.reporter48.heavier49.seasonal50.possibly【真題專練】（一）1.Thelostchildwasatlast

senttohisparentsbyakindman.A.secureB.securelyC.safeD.safety2.Whilewe

attheMagicHotel,mydad

seahorsesforthefirsttime.A.werestaying,sawB.werestaying,wasseeingC.stayed,sawD.stayed,wasseeing3.Youhavebeenplayingcomputergames

toolongtime!Youshouldstoptodoyourhomeworknow.A.ofB.toC.forD.in4.—Sorryforbreakingyourwindow.—

A.You'reright.B.That'sright.C.That'sallright.D.You'rewelcome.5.Therewerenocarsinthecountryinthepast.Theunderlinedwordmeans“

”.A.onlyafewB.notmanyC.manyD.notany6.Forestsareimportanttoourlife.Wemuststop

trees.A.turningoffB.toturnoffC.tocutdownD.cuttingdown7.—Ican'tgotothecinemawithyoubecauseI'vegotabadcold.—

A.Nevermind.B.Notatall.C.I'msorrytohearthat.D.That'sallright.8.Tomshould

hismotherwiththehousework.A.helpsB.helpC.helpingD.helped9.Chinaisoneof

countriesintheworld.A.oldB.olderC.elderD.theoldest10.Allpassengermust

theairporttwohoursbeforethedeparturetime.A.togetB.arriveatC.toarriveD.getup11.PeopleinBangkokenjoy

spicyfood.A.ateB.eatC.eatingD.toeat12.—

Ireturnthebooknow?—No,You

.Youcankeepitforanothertw