PAGEUnit2Theuniversallanguage□jazzn. □stringn. □butterflyn. □awesomeadj.□stubbornadj. □princessn. □princen. □grabvt.□dawnn. □deadlinen. □unitevi.&vt. □grandadj.□brokenadj. □opportunityn.□personneln. □departmentn.□chorusn．&vt. □soreadj. □throatn. □composern.□motherlandn. □Austrian. □tutorn. □symphonyn.□bachelorn. □fluten. □kindergartenn. □folkadj.&n.□balletn. □swann. □albumn. □collectionn.□chartn．&vt. □bluesn. □rootn. □slaveryn.□formatn. □trumpetn. □libertyn. □rhythmn.□rattlevi.&vt. □cometn. □bandn. □prejudicen．&vt.□discriminationn.1．(2024·江蘇卷)Inlookingintothestoriesofbiologicaldiscovery，Ialsobegantofindsomethingelse，acollectionofscientists，usuallybrilliant，occasionallyhalf-mad，whomadethediscoveries.n.一批(物)；一群(人)2．(2024·浙江卷)Moneywithnostringsattached.It'snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.n.條件3．(2024·江蘇卷)Evenchimpmothersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwiththeirchildren，whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.v.婉言拒絕[單詞拼法·運用]核心單詞語境運用1．castvt.&vi.選派角色；投射(光、影)；向……投以(視線、笑容)2．condemnvt.判刑，宣判；指責，指責3．darevt.&vi.&aux.敢于，膽敢用所給詞的適當形式填空。1．(2024·全國新高考卷Ⅰ)Besides，thenumberofsnakeshad_declined(decline)aswell.2．Shedemanded(demand)toknowwhyshehadnotbeentoldfromthestart.核心單詞語境運用4．seizevt.逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉??；奪取，攻占5．declinen．衰落，衰敗；削減；下降vi.&vt.衰落；下降；婉言謝絕6．seekvt.&vi.試圖，設法；找尋，尋求7．demandvt.須要；劇烈要求n．要求；需求8．scoldvt.訓斥，責罵9．trendn．趨勢，動向10．screamvi.尖叫，高聲喊；咆哮n．尖叫，尖銳刺耳的聲音3.Thearticlecondemned(condemn)thoseofficialswhosaidonethinganddidanother.4．Theyarestillseeking(seek)tofindapeacefulsolutiontotheconflict.5．(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)Ittookafewyouthfulanddaring(dare)businessmentogettheballrolling.6．Theyignoredthebaby'sscreams(scream)．7．Recentresearchhascast(cast)newlightonthecausesofthedisease.8．Tyrionseized(seize)herbythewristandpulledheroutofthepit.派生單詞語境運用1．universen．宇宙→universaladj.共同的，普遍的，全體的，全世界的2．disturbvt.打攪；使中斷；使焦慮→disturbingadj.令人擔心的；引起恐慌的→disturbedadj.心理不正常的；精神失常的3．willingadj.自愿的→unwillingadj.不情愿，不情愿；牽強的，無奈的→willingnessn．樂意4．evidentadj.清晰的，明顯的→evidencen．證據；證詞5．mercyn．寬容，慈愛，憐憫→mercifuladj.慈愛的，慈善的，寬大為懷的6．employv．雇用→unemploymentn．失業→unemployedadj.失業的→employmentn．雇傭，工作，職業→employern．雇主→employeen．雇員7．tendv．傾向；趨向→tendencyn．傾向，偏好；趨勢，趨向8．gradualadj.漸漸的，逐步的；平緩的，不陡的→graduallyadv.漸漸地，逐步地用所給詞的適當形式填空。1．Thankstothegoodcareofthenurses，theboyisgraduallyrecoveringfromhislungoperation.Certainlytherecoveryisaslow，gradualprocess.(gradual)2．Theyweresearchingforevidenceofhiscrime，andfounditwasevidentthathehadmurderedthepresident.(evident)3．Thedisturbingnewsmadepeoplepresentatthemeetingdisturbed.(disturb)4．Anincreaseincrimeisoneoftheresultsofunemployment，sothegovernmentandtheemployersshouldpaymoreattentiontotheemployment.(employ)5．Thoughhewaswillingtofacethefactthathehadfailedtheexam，hewasunwillingtolearnfromothers.(willing)6．Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoreturntothehometowntostarttheirbusiness.Especiallythemiddle-agedtendtodothat.(tend)7．Thereareahugenumberofunknownplanetsintheuniverse，sothesepuzzlesareveryuniversal.Butwebelievewecanmakethemclearoneday.(universe)[短語理解·運用]高頻短語語境運用1．be_condemned_to_sth.被處以某種刑罰2．find_out發覺，查明，弄清3．fall_in_love相愛，墜入愛河4．at_first_sight初次見面；乍一看5．break_up裂開，解散；裂開填入一個適當的詞。TomandMaryfell①inlovewitheachother②atfirstsightandinashorttimetheygotmarried.Butaftertheygotmarried，theyfoundtheydifferedentirelyincharacterandquarrelledalot.Eventually，theirmarriagebroke③up.6．spring_up突然興起，快速出現7．depend_on依靠，依靠8．put_up舉起；張貼；供應食宿9．apply_for申請10．split_up分裂，分解填入一個適當的詞。Iapplied④forthepostintheadvertisementput⑤upinthenewspaperyesterday.WhetherIcanbeadmitteddepends⑥ontheinterviewtobeheldnextFriday.Sobeforethat，Imustgetwellprepared.11．participate_in參與；參與12．have_a_tendency_for...有一種……傾向13．take_on呈現；雇用；擔當14．break_one's_promise違反諾言15．go_crazy變得瘋狂，發瘋填入一個適當的詞。Tomsaidthathewouldparticipate⑦inthefootballmatch.Buthebroke⑧hispromiseanddidn'tappearatallonthatday.Theresultwasthatwesufferedadisastrousdefeat，whichmadeus⑨gocrazy.However，laterweknewthathehadhadanaccident.Weweresorrythatwehadmisunderstoodhim.[句式辨識·運用]教材原句背誦句式結構仿寫1.“否定詞＋比較級”表示最高級意義JustimagineperformingsuchanoperaintheForbiddenCity—therecouldnotbeamoreawesomesetting！四周的稻田像一片金色的海洋，我從來沒望見過比這更美麗的景象！Thericefieldsaroundmelookedlikeagoldensea.Ihave_never_seen_more_beautiful_scenery_than_it！2.before引導的時間狀語從句Unfortunately，Puccinidiedofaheartattackbeforehecompletedthisfinalscene...要過一個小時左右我們才能到達山頂。Itwillbeanhourorsobefore_we_get_tothetopofthemountain.1．cast(cast，cast)vt.&vi.選派角色；投射(光、影)；向……投以(視線、笑容)n.全體演員becastdown(bysth.)(因某事)懊喪/悲觀castlighton/upon弄清晰，使人明白castaglance/lookat/toward...朝……瞧了瞧castsb.as...選派某人演……角色becastdownbythenews對這個消息很悲觀begintocastdoubtonhishonesty起先懷疑他的誠懇becastasatroublemaker被認定為惹是生非者becastasabeggar被選派演一個乞丐castanimpatientlookatMitch很不耐煩地看了米奇一眼[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①ThecircumstanceswereallagainstJoe，buthewasnotcastdown.②Thedirectorcastawell-knownactressasMarieCurieinthemovie.③Aresearchhasnowcastlighton/uponthemysteryofwhytheanimalsdied.[鏈接寫作]——詞匯升級(一般表達)Theinformationofferedbytheoldmanmayhelpmakethemysteryclear.①(高級表達)Theinformationofferedbytheoldmanmayhelpclarifythemystery.(clarify)②(高級表達)Theinformationofferedbytheoldmanmayhelpcast_light_on/uponthemystery.(cast)2．condemnvt.判刑，宣判；指責，指責becondemnedtosth.被處以某種刑罰；使某人被迫接受某種逆境condemnsb.todeath判處某人死刑condemnsb.for(doing)sth.因(做了)某事而指責某人condemn...as...指責……為……becondemnedtodosth.注定做某事becondemnedtolifeimprisonment被判處終身監禁becondemnedtodeath被判死刑becondemnedtohangforkillingherhusband因殺害親夫被處以絞刑becondemnedasunfittoeat被宣告不宜食用becondemnedtospendtherestofthefootballseasononthebeach只得在這個足球賽季剩下的時間里做替補隊員[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Hewaswidelycondemnedforhiscruelactiontowardshiselderlyparents.②Mostofpeoplearewillingtocondemnviolenceofanysortasevil.③Phelps，theAmericanswimmerwascondemnedtoasixmonthsuspensionfromswimmingasaresultofhisDUI.④Doyoucondemnyourselfforthingswhichyoudidorfailedtodointhepast?[鏈接寫作]——詞匯升級(一般表達)Anyattempttosetbackthewheelofhistoryissuretofail.(高級表達)Anyattempttosetbackthewheelofhistoryis_condemnedtofail.3．darevt.&vi.&aux.敢于，膽敢[高考原句·2024·天津卷]Iwouldn'thavedaredtoaskyou，butmyteacher，Mr.Mills，saysIamready.(1)dare用作實義動詞時，有人稱、數和時態的變更。常見搭配：daretodosth.“敢于做某事”。在否定句和疑問句中to可以省略。(2)dare用作情態動詞時，通常用于疑問句、否定句和條件句中，沒有人稱和數的變更，后面跟動詞原形，其否定式為darenot。(3)Idaresay為習慣說法，意為“我想，很可能，也許”。daretoprotest敢于抗議darenotusenuclearweapons不敢運用核武器Howdareyougointomyroom！你怎么敢進我的房間！[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Theydarenotplay(play)ajokeonhimincasehebecomesangry.②You'retheonlyonewhodaresto_admit(admit)mistakes.[鏈接寫作]——一句多譯在這么多人面前他不敢說英語。①He_dare_not_speak_English_before_such_a_crowd.(darenot)②He_doesn't_dare_(to)_speak_English_before_such_a_crowd.(doesn'tdare)4．seizevt.逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；奪取，攻占seizesth.from...從……抓取/奪取某物seizeachance/anopportunity抓住機會/機遇seizesb.bythe＋部位抓住某人某個部位seizehiswalletfromthedrawer從抽屜里抓起錢包seizehimbythecollar抓住了他的衣領[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Beforethethiefcouldrunaway，thebravegirlseizedhimbythearm.②Hearingthenoise，heseizedhisgunfromthedrawer.③Thehostseizedmebythehandandshookitheartily.[鏈接寫作]——完成句子我們必需抓住每個機會來提高英語水平。Wemustseize_every_opportunitytoimproveourEnglish.[名師點津]seize指突然一把“抓住”某人或某物時，可干脆用被抓的部位作賓語，也可用“seize＋sb.＋by＋the＋部位”結構，但表示部位的名詞前不行用物主代詞。5．demandvt.劇烈要求；須要n.要求；需求[高考原句·2024·天津卷5月]Demandforshort-haulflightsisincreasingmassively.(1)demandtodosth.要求做某事(sb.)demandthatsb.(should)dosth.(某人)要求某人做某事(that從句運用虛擬語氣)(2)indemand需求大；受歡迎的ondemand一經要求satisfy/meetthe/one'sdemands滿意(某人的)要求(3)demandingadj.要求高的；苛刻的demandtoknowwhatwashappening要求知道發生了什么事demandalotofothers向別人要求很多beindemandallovertheworld在世界各地需求量很大[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Hehaspromisedtorepaytheloanatanytimeondemand.②Thehijackersaredemandingto_speak(speak)torepresentativesofbothgovernments.③Thebossdemandedthateveryone(should)_attend(attend)themeetingtobeheldtomorrow.[鏈接寫作]——完成句子我們的班主任老師要求我們準時到校。Ourheadteacherdemands_that_we_(should)_go_to_school_on_time.(demandthat...)[名師點津]demand不能用于demandsb.todosth.結構；“向某人要某物”不能用demandsb.sth.，要用demandsth.of/fromsb.。6．declinen．衰落，衰敗；削減；下降vi.&vt.衰落；下降；婉言謝絕[高考原句·2024·天津卷]WeofferedtogiveSharonaridehome，butshedeclined，sayingthatshefeltlikewalking.(1)fall/gointo(a)decline陷入衰退indecline/onthedecline在衰退中，走下坡路adeclinein在……方面下降(2)declinetodosth.拒絕做某事declinetocommentontherumours拒肯定那些謠言發表評論declinetheinvitation謝絕邀請fallinto(a)decline不景氣[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Thestardeclinedto_discuss(discuss)hisplanswiththenewspaperreporter.②Theintensecompetitionfromoverseashascausedthecottonindustryfallintoadecline.③Thenumberofstaffhas_declined(decline)from217,000to114,000.[鏈接寫作]——一句多譯日本人口正在削減中。①ThepopulationofJapaneseison_the_decline.(on)②ThepopulationofJapaneseisin_decline.(in)③Thereisa_decline_inpopulationinJapanese.[名師點津]①decline后可接不定式作賓語，一般不接動名詞。②decline表示“謝絕”時，已含有“拒絕接受”之意，所以其后一般不接toaccept，以免語義重復。7．seek(sought，sought)vt.&vi.試圖，設法；找尋，尋求[高考原句·2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ]Thesolution，ofcourse，wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseekshelterduringthedaytime.seek(for)sth./sb.from...從……找尋某物/某人seekafter追求；追尋seektodosth.試圖做某事seekone'sfortune找出路；碰運氣seekout搜尋出；找出seekforsomewheretoshelter找一個藏身的地方seekhelpfromaneighbour向一位鄰居求助seektoprotecttherightsofcitizens設法愛護公民的權利gotoAmericatoseekhisfortune去美國找尋發財的機會seekafteryourdreams追求你們的幻想seekoutthetruth找出真相[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Fortunately，thetouristssoughtoutasheltertoescapefromtheunexpectedshower.②Thefactisthatnowadaysmanyyoungpeopleareseekingtheir(they)fortuneinbigcities.③Weseekto_find(find)awaytomakeusgetalongwellwiththepeoplearoundus.[鏈接寫作]——詞匯升級(一般表達)Havinglookedforasolutiontotheproblemforseveraldays，theyfinallyfoundone.(高級表達)Havingsoughtforasolutiontotheproblemforseveraldays，theyfinallyfoundone.8．fallinlove(withsb.)愛上(某人)，相愛，墜入愛河fallapart裂開，裂開；崩潰fallbehind落后fallover被……絆倒；從……上跌落fallfor上……的當，受……的騙fallinlovewitheachotheratcollege在高校里就彼此相愛了fallinloveatfirstsight一見鐘情[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Whydotheyfallinloveatthefirstsight?②Theyhavebeeninlovewitheachotherformanyyears.[鏈接寫作]——完成句子①一次意外的發覺，讓我深深地愛上了這個地方。Anunexpecteddiscoverymakesmedeeplyfall_in_love_withthisplace.②我真倒霉，踩在香蕉皮上滑倒了。Iwasunluckytosliponabananaskinandfell_over.[名師點津]fallinlovewith“突然愛上”，表示動作，是短暫性動詞短語，不與表示一段時間的狀語連用；beinlovewith“愛/喜愛”，表示狀態，是持續性動詞短語，可與表示一段時間的狀語連用。AnniewassoattractivethatJimmyfellinlovewithherthefirsttimehesawher.Nowtheyhavebeeninlovewitheachotherforthreeyears.9．breakup裂開；裂開，打碎；解散，驅散；拆開，分開；分手；結束；放假breakdown出故障；失敗；垮掉；垮下來；分解breakin破門而入；打斷(談話等)breakinto強行闖入；突然……起來breakout(斗爭、火災等)爆發；發生(無被動語態)breakawayfrom脫離；擺脫breakupwithherboyfriend和男摯友分手breakupthecrowd驅散人群breakupforholidays放假breakuptheoldmachine拆開這個舊機器[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①Can'tyoubreakawayfromallyourbadhabits?②Don'tbreakinwhenheistellingthestory.③We'resorrytoarrivelate，butthecarhasbrokendown.[鏈接寫作]——完成句子①學?？煲攀罴倭?，我寫信告知你我的假期安排。Iamwritingtotellyoumyholidayplansfortheschoolisgoingtobreak_up_for_summer_holidays.②這幢樓里的電梯總出故障。Theelevatorsinthisbuildingare_always_breaking_down.③我中斷了溝通去接電話。Ibroke_in_the_conversationandansweredthephone.10．(教材P18)JustimagineperformingsuchanoperaintheForbiddenCity—therecouldnotbeamoreawesomesetting！想象一下在紫禁城上演這出歌劇吧——不行能有比這更棒的場景了！(1)“否定詞＋比較級”結構表示最高級意義，通常譯為“沒有比……更……的，沒有像……一樣……的”。常用的否定詞有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。(2)表示最高級意義的常用比較級結構還有：比較級＋than＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(anyother＋單數名詞,alltheother＋復數名詞,anyoneelse,anyoftheother＋復數名詞,therestof＋復數名詞或不行數名詞))(3)完成時＋never＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(so＋adj./adv.,so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.,such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.))(4)can/could＋never/not＋enough/too...再……也不過分；越……越……[金句推送]Theysaidtheycouldn'thaveenjoyedthemselvesmore.他們說他們不行能玩得比這更興奮了。[基礎練習]——單句語法填空①ItwasnotuntilthenthatIsuddenlyrealizednobodywashappierthanIwas.②Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor—Ireallycouldn'taskforabetter(good)boss.[鏈接寫作]——一句多譯這本書對我影響最大。①Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethanany_other_book.(anyother)②Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethanall_the_other_books.(alltheother)③Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethanany_of_the_other_books.(anyoftheother)④Thebookhasagreatereffectonmethanthe_rest_of_books.(therestof)夯基固本——基礎強化Ⅰ.用所給詞的正確形式填空。1．Theplayis_being_cast(cast)inbothChinaandBritainnow.2．Thosewhodonotlearnfromthepastarecondemnedto_repeat_(repeat)it.3．Theemployeesdemandthattheirsalaries(should)_be_raised(raise)．4．Shedeclinedto_have(have)lunchwithherfriend，sayingthatshewasn'tfeelingwell.5．Weseekto_help(help)everystudentdiscoverthejoyandfulfillmentintheobtainmentofknowledge.6．UNofficialssaytwomilitaryobserverswere_seized(seize)bytheKhmerRougeyesterday.7．Sofarthecouplehave_sought(seek)helpfrommarriageguidancecounselors.8．Myteacherisverystrict，andnoonedaresto_step(step)intohisofficewithoutpermission.9．It'sthoughtthattheoldtempledemandsto_be_repaired(repair)．10．Nothingintheworldismore_valuable(valuable)thanbooks.Ⅱ.在空白處填入一個適當的詞。1．Whenshefoundhehadlied，shedecidedtobreakupwithhim.2．Hehascastherasanambitiouslawyerinhislatestmovie.3．IfellinlovewithYosemiteNationalParkthefirsttimeIsawit，whenIwas13.4．Itiswidelybelievedthateducationalstandardsareindecline.5．Theywerecondemnedtoalifeofhardshipbecauseoflazinessordisinterestinworkandsavings.6．Thereisasharpdeclineininterestinsportsinourtown.7．Itisresearchfindingsthatcastnewlightontheoriginofouruniverse.Ⅲ.在下列句子中找出一處錯誤并改正。1．Thecourtcondemnedherunclefortenyearsinprison.for→to2．Asaspeakerhewasalwaysinthedemand.去掉the3．Whereyouare，youmustbepolitetoothers.Where→Wherever4．Shetoldmetheyhadfalleninloveforoverfiveyears.fallen→been5．Theydaren'ttoaskforanymoremoney.去掉to6．Thepolicemanseizedthethiefbyhandtightly.在by后加the7．Ican'tseethemorebeautifulgirlinmylife.the→a8．Thiswon'tbelongbeforeyoubecomeusedtolivinghere.This→It查缺補漏——學問拾遺Ⅰ.用所給詞的正確形式填空。1．Whileitwillbefun，theseminaralsopromisesto_be(be)mostinstructive.2．Thankstohisteacher，theboyisgradually(gradual)makingprogressinhisstudies.3．Thoughfarawayfromhome，Tomwasunwilling(willing)toboardatschool.4．Thereisatendency(tend)thatmoreandmorepeoplearegrowingfatterandfatter.5．SometimesIcan'thelpthinkingoftheolddayswhenwewerealwaysgettingscolded(scold)bythelocalfarmer.6．Mindwhereyouputyourfeet，oryoucouldsteponsomebroken(break)glasses.7．Withglobalwarmingbecoming(become)moreandmoreserious，itwon'tbelongbeforesomecoastalcitiesdisappear.8．Thereareawiderangeofcareeropportunities(opportunity)opentoyoungpeople.9．It'sevident(evidence)thatwalkingmaybeaneffectivewayifyoureallywanttoloseweight.10．Myfatherhasacollection(collect)ofmagazinestowhichIturneverynowandthen.Ⅱ.在空白處填入一個適當的詞。1．Icanputupwiththehousebeinguntidy，butIhateitifit'snotclean.2．He'sspokentoapublishingfirm，andtheyaregoingtotakehimon.3．BeforeIcouldsay“thankyou”，thepostmanhaddisappearedaroundthecorner.4．Iactivelyparticipateinpracticalactivities，andIcanlearnlotsofknowledge.5．Thoughhehadchangedagreatdeal，Icouldrecognizehimatfirstsight.6．Wehaveatendencytobecomewhowemostfrequentlyassociatewith.強技提能——語言應用Ⅰ.語法填空短文中黑體部分為本單元核心學問點，請按要求補全短文，并背誦該短文。Agrandconcertwillbeheldnextweek，includingjazz，rockandrollandsoon.Therewillbealsoballetperformancesandchorus.Aband，whose1.collection(collect)issoldwell，willplaysymphonywrittenbyafamouscomposerintheconcert.Fanswhohave2.atendencytomusichadbetterseizetheopportunity3.to_get(get)tickets.ThedeadlineisMay2nd.4.To_seek(seek)agoodposition，fansarewillingtowaitinlineatdawn.Thepersonnelwillunitetogetherandservefansheart5.andsoul.Inthe