高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省日照市校際聯合考試2024-2025學年高二上學期開學英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatdoesthewomansuggestbuying?A．Milk.B．Icecream.C．Fruits.2．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Windy.B．Rainy.C．Sunny.3．Whyisthemanunabletomovetothecitycenter?A．Heisoutofwork.B．Heislackinginmoney.C．Hehatesheavytraffic.4．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inaschool.B．Inabookstore.C．Inatoystore.5．Howmanypointsdoesan“A”require?A．60.B．65.C．70.第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatarethespeakerslookingfor?A．Thetowncenter.B．Themountaintop.C．Thesourceoftheriver.7．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A．Goback.B．Takeabreak.C．Swimintheriver.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A．Avacation.B．Apromotion.C．Aninterview.9．WhatisGinoworriedabout?A．Hehasnotimeforvacation.B．Hedoesn’tsavemuchmoney.C．Heisnotgoodenoughfortheposition.10．WhatdoesMs.RobertsonthinkofGino?A．Capable.B．Honest.C．Friendly.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．HowdidthewomanknowDave?A．Theyjoinedthesameclub.B．Theystudiedatthesameschool.C．Theyworkedatthesametheater.12．WhyarethespeakersproudofDave?A．Heisbravetogoafterhisdreams.B．Heisgoodatwritingplays.C．Heplaysthebiggestpart.13．Whenwillthespeakersprobablyseetheplay?A．OnWednesday.B．OnFriday.C．OnSaturday.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Fatheranddaughter.B．Professorandstudent.C．Authorandreader.15．WhatdoesMichaelplantowriteaboutMartinAmis’works?A．Theroleofmoney.B．Familyrelationships.C．Socialproblems.16．WhichperioddoesMartinAmisbelongto?A．Themodernperiod.B．TheRomanticperiod.C．TheVictorianperiod.17．WhydoesMichaelchooseMartinAmis’books?A．They’remoreclassical.B．Theyhavedeepermeanings.C．They’remoreconnectedwithhim.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．What’sthepurposeofthetest?A．Toletstudentsthinkabouttheirfuturejobs.B．Tohelpstudentschoosehighschools.C．Tomakestudentsstudyharder.19．Howwillthestudentstakethetest?A．Byspeakingwiththeteacher.B．Bywritinganexampaper.C．Byusingacomputer.20．Whatdoesthespeakerremindthestudentstodo?A．Checktheresultsintime.B．Asktheirteachersforadvice.C．Givehonestanswerstothequestions.第二部分閱讀(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWepartnerwithdestinationsforcleanupsandconservationefforts.Ourexpert’spickofthebestchoiceswillhelpyouturnbeachdreamsintobeachdays.SteephillCoveThistraditionalfishingcovewillmakeyoufeellikeyou’vegonebackintime,withitsbrightlypaintedbeachhutsandoldfisherman’scottages,lobsterpots(捕蝦簍)andcheery,colorfuldeckchairs.ThereisabeachcafetothebackofSteephillCove,whichserveshotandcoldrefreshmentsandfood,andtherearealsorestaurantsservinglocallycaughtseafoodduringtheseason.SandwoodBayLocatedintheverynorthofScotland,thisbeachisconsideredtobeoneofthemostuntouchedinmainlandBritain.Unreachablebycar,thewildandwonderfulbeachisaccessedbyapopularandfairlyflat4-mile-longpathfromthenearestcarpark,whichaddsasenseofremotenesstothischarmingplace.NanjizalBeachDuetoitsmoredistantlocation,amazingNanjizalBeachisusuallyveryquiet,apartfromthosewalkerswhohavemadethehikeonthecoastalpathfromeitherPorthgwarra,LandsEndorSennenCove.Therearemanycavestodiscoverandtheruinsofanoldwatermill,too.BamburghBeachAtanytimeofyear,BamburghBeachisoneofthemostdramaticintheUK,thankstotheimpressivecastlelocatedonanearbyhillthatoverlookstheskyline.BamburghalsohassomeofthebestwavesintheUK,whichmakesitperfectforbodyboarders.Evenifthat’snotyourthing,simplywatchingfromtheshorecanbeathrillingexperience.1.WhatisspecialaboutSteephillCove?A.Itshowcasesitsoriginalcharm. B.Ithasmodernbuildings.C.Itallowsvisitorstocatchseafood. D.Itishometodifferentcafes.2.HowcanvisitorsgettoSandwoodBay?A.Bycar. B.Onfoot. C.Byplane. D.Byship.3.Whichofthefollowingfavorsthesurfers?A.SteephillCove. B.SandwoodBay. C.NanjizalBeach. D.BamburghBeach.〖答案〗1.A2.B3.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個海灘的情況和特色。【1題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段“Thistraditionalfishingcovewillmakeyoufeellikeyou’vegonebackintime,withitsbrightlypaintedbeachhutsandoldfisherman’scottages,lobsterpotsandcheery,colorfuldeckchairs.(這個傳統的捕魚灣會讓你感覺自己回到了過去，那里有色彩鮮艷的海灘小屋和老漁民的小屋，捕蝦簍和歡快的彩色甲板椅子)”可知，斯特菲爾灣的特別之處在于展現了它的原始魅力。故選A。【2題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段“Unreachablebycar,thewildandwonderfulbeachisaccessedbyapopularandfairlyflat4-mile-longpathfromthenearestcarpark,whichaddsasenseofremotenesstothischarmingplace.(開車無法到達，從最近的停車場出發，有一條很受歡迎的、相當平坦的4英里長的小路可以到達這個野生而美妙的海灘，這為這個迷人的地方增添了一種遙遠的感覺)”可知，游客可以步行前往桑德伍德灣。故選B。【3題詳析】細節理解題。根據最后一段“BamburghalsohassomeofthebestwavesintheUK,whichmakesitperfectforbodyboarders.(在英國，班堡也有一些最好的海浪，這對于身體滑板者來說是完美的)”可知，沖浪者可以選擇班堡海灘。故選D。BAfterovercomingaseverestroke(中風)atjust22monthsold,ayoungwomanistakingtotheInternettoshowpeoplehowsheliveswithonlyoneworkinghandandinspireotherstrokeandinjurysurvivorstobecomemoreindependent.ChiaraBeer,27,wholivesinWinchester,sufferedastrokeasababywhichleftherwithlastingeffectsandalifelongdisability.Shenowliveswithright-sidedhemiplegia(偏癱)—aconditionthatresultsinweaknessandlackofmovementinonesideofthebody.Growingupwiththisdisability,asshegotolder,ChiararealizedtherewasahugelackofresourcesandinformationforyoungstrokesurvivorsontheInternetanditwasunabletofindanyoneelsewhowasexperiencingthesimilarthingsonher,soshedecidedtostartsharingsomerelevantcontentonsocialmedia.Thedetermined27-year-oldbeganpostingvideos,sharingmoreaboutherownstoryofstrokesurvivalandshowingherfollowersvariousaspectsofherday-to-daylife,livingwithonlyoneworkingarm,forexample,howshedrivesusingaspeciallyadaptedcarandhowtechnologyhelpshertoreadandwrite,otherthingsliketyingherhairwithonehand,doingupthebuttononherjeansorapplyinghermake-up.Shereceivedahugeoutpouringofloveandsupportfromherviewers,includingmessagesoflovefromotherstrokesurvivorsandpeoplewhosufferfromothersimilardisabilities,thankingherforshowingthemsomehacksandtricksonhowtobecomealittlemoreindependent.Chiaraadmittedthatshelovesknowingthatsheisabletooffersupporttootheryoungstrokesurvivors,saying,“ItmakesmefeelhappythatIcanhelpsomanypeople.”Sheadded,“IwanttohelpraiseawarenessaboutyoungpeoplehavingstrokesandalsoIwanttohelpyoungpeopletofindawaytobeabletobeindependent.Asforme,thishasalwaysbeenmymaingoal:tobeindependent.”4.Whatistheafter-effectofChiara’sstroke?A.Unabletodriveacar. B.Unabletousehishands.C.Unabletomovehisbodyfreely. D.Unabletocommunicatewithothers.5.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Thedisabledarewillingtosharetheirlifeskills.B.Strokesurvivorsfacemanychallengesintheirdailylife.C.Therewasmuchinformationaboutstroketreatmentonline.D.Youngstrokesurvivorshadlittleguidancetoturntoonline.6.WhywereotherstrokesurvivorsgratefultoChiara?A.Herstoryledthemtohavefaithinlife.B.Shetaughtthemtocuretheirdisabilities.C.Herexperienceinspiredthemtoliveontheirown.D.Sheservedasarolemodelforthemtoliveambitiously.7.WhatcanwelearnfromChiara’sstory?A.Rosesgiven,fragranceinhand. B.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway. D.Constantdrippingwearsawayastone.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.C7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要報道了一位年輕女性ChiaraBeer在經歷中風后如何通過網絡分享自己的生活，以此激勵其他中風和受傷幸存者變得更加獨立的事跡。【4題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段“ChiaraBeer,27,wholivesinWinchester,sufferedastrokeasababywhichleftherwithlastingeffectsandalifelongdisability.Shenowliveswithright-sidedhemiplegia(偏癱)—aconditionthatresultsinweaknessandlackofmovementinonesideofthebody.(27歲的ChiaraBeer住在溫徹斯特，她在嬰兒時期曾中風，這給她留下了持久的影響和終身殘疾。她現在患有右側偏癱，這是一種導致身體一側虛弱和缺乏活動的疾病)”可知，Chiara中風的后遺癥是不能自由活動他的身體。故選C項。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第三段“Growingupwiththisdisability,asshegotolder,ChiararealizedtherewasahugelackofresourcesandinformationforyoungstrokesurvivorsontheInternetanditwasunabletofindanyoneelsewhowasexperiencingthesimilarthingsonher,soshedecidedtostartsharingsomerelevantcontentonsocialmedia.(隨著年齡的增長，Chiara意識到互聯網上非常缺乏針對年輕中風幸存者的資源和信息，而且找不到任何和她有類似經歷的人，所以她決定開始在社交媒體上分享一些相關的內容)”可知，從本段可推出年輕的中風幸存者在網上幾乎找不到什么指導。故選D項。【6題詳析】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段“Shereceivedahugeoutpouringofloveandsupportfromherviewers,includingmessagesoflovefromotherstrokesurvivorsandpeoplewhosufferfromothersimilardisabilities,thankingherforshowingthemsomehacksandtricksonhowtobecomealittlemoreindependent.(她從觀眾那里得到了大量的愛和支持，包括其他中風幸存者和患有其他類似殘疾的人的愛的信息，感謝她向他們展示了一些如何變得更加獨立的技巧和技巧)”可知，Chiara的經歷激勵他們獨立生活，所以其他中風幸存者感激她。故選C項。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Afterovercomingaseverestroke(中風)atjust22monthsold,ayoungwomanistakingtotheInternettoshowpeoplehowsheliveswithonlyoneworkinghandandinspireotherstrokeandinjurysurvivorstobecomemoreindependent.(一位年輕女性在僅22個月大時便克服了一場嚴重的中風，如今她正通過網絡向人們展示如何用一只健全的手生活，并激勵其他中風和傷殘幸存者變得更加獨立)”以及通讀全文可知，本文講述了Chiara通過自己的努力和毅力克服了中風帶來的困難，并幫助其他人變得更加獨立，體現了“有志者事竟成”的精神。故選C項。CEmergencyMaskPod(面罩艙)isaplastic,3D-printedandfootball-shapedcasethatcontainsamaskthatprotectsthelungsofsomeonetrappedinafireuntiltheywererescued.AlexisgottheideafortheEmergencyMaskPodafterhearingthatamotherhadthrownherbabyoutofthesecondfloorwindowoftheirsmoke-filledapartmentduringafireinthebuilding.Thefamilywastrappedintheirapartmentbythesmoke.Alexiswonderedwhethertherewasameansforpeoplewaitingoutside,suchasneighborsandfirstresponders,todeliversmokemaskstopeopletrappedinthesecondfloorsofburningbuildings.Herresearchshowedthattherewasnosuchdeliverysystem,soAlexissetabouttoinventone.First,shefoundasmall,lightweightsmokemask.Thenextstepwastodevelopawaytolaunchorthrowthemaskupintoanopensecond-storywindow.Alexisbuiltseveraldifferentpods,whichweretestedbylocalfirefighters.Eachpodwascastintoasecondstorywindowmorethan290timesbyatotalof37firefighters.Thefootball-shapedpod,whichAlexisprintedonherMakerBot3Dprinter,wastheclearwinner,withanaccuracyrateofover70percent.ThefirefighterstestingtheEmergencyMaskPodtoldherthatitisneededbyfirefightersarrivingatthesceneofafire.TheytoldAlexisthatwhentheyfindpeopletrappedinside,theywishtheycouldgivethemsomeformofreliefsotheycanbreathesafelywhilefirefighterstrytoreachthem.Asmokedeliverysystemcouldbeusedtoprovidethatrelief.TheEmergencyMaskPodrequiresnospecialequipment,training,orpermits;peopleatthesceneofafirecouldhelpfirevictims(受害者)trappedinsidesmokyroomswithouthesitation.EMTs,policeofficers,andfirefighterscouldkeepthemaskandEMPodintheirvehiclesandapartmentcomplexescouldstoretheminapproachableplaceslikecommunitycenters.Themaskcouldeasilyberetrievedbyvictimsandputon,givingthemprecioustimeforfirefighterstorescuethemandpotentiallysavinghundredsorthousandsoflives.8.WhyistheEmergencyMaskPodinvented?A.Toimprovethedesignofsmokemasks.B.Toprovideawaytodeliversmokemasks.C.Tohelpfirefighterspracticethrowingskills.D.Toprotectfirstresponders’eyesfromsmoke.9.HowdidAlexistesttheeffectivenessofdifferentpods?A.Byburningtheminthelocalfiredepartments.B.Bystudyingdifferentmaterialsformakingpods.C.Bydoingasurveyofpeopletrappedinafirebefore.D.Byhavingfirefightersthrowthemintowindowsmanytimes.10.Whichwordisclosestinmeaningto“retrieved”inthelastparagraph?A.Returned. B.Accessed. C.Relieved. D.Launched.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SurvivingtheFlame:NewRescueSkillsB.SmokeandMasks:TheFutureofFireSafetyC.ALifelinethroughtheSmoke:TheMaskPodD.BreakingthroughBarriers:Firefighters’Creations〖答案〗8.B9.D10.B11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一種3D打印的足球形狀的面罩艙，這種面罩艙能夠通過一種方法被投射到火災地點，從而幫助受災群眾贏得一些獲救的時間和機會。【8題詳析】細節理解題。第二段提到“Alexiswonderedwhethertherewasameansforpeoplewaitingoutside,suchasneighborsandfirstresponders,todeliversmokemaskstopeopletrappedinthesecondfloorsofburningbuildings.Herresearchshowedthattherewasnosuchdeliverysystem,soAlexissetabouttoinventone.”（亞歷克西斯想知道，是否有辦法讓等待在外面的人，比如鄰居和急救人員，給被困在燃燒建筑物二樓的人送去防煙口罩。她的研究表明，沒有這樣的輸送系統，所以亞歷克西斯著手發明一個。）可知，亞力克西斯的研究發現，雖然有防煙口罩，但是沒有這樣的輸送系統，這樣也影響了火災救援的效果，因此她想要發明一種方式來運送這種防煙口罩。故選B。【9題詳析】細節理解題。第三段第三、四句提到“Alexisbuiltseveraldifferentpods,whichweretestedbylocalfirefighters.Eachpodwascastintoasecondstorywindowmorethan290timesbyatotalof37firefighters.”（亞歷克西斯建造了幾個不同的吊艙，由當地消防員進行了測試。每個吊艙被37名消防員扔進二樓窗戶290多次。）由此判斷，亞力克西斯是通過讓消防員扔來測試其有效性的。故選D。【10題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據文章最后一段“byvictimsandputon,givingthemprecioustimeforfirefighterstorescuethemandpotentiallysavinghundredsorthousandsoflives.”（可以很容易地被受害者并戴上，為消防員拯救他們提供了寶貴的時間，并可能挽救數百或數千人的生命。）可知，這種面具如果要能很快地被受害者戴上的話，一定要能夠方便受害者得到，這樣才能為消防員的解救爭取時間，retrieved在此處的意思是“取回”，與“accessed”（接近；獲取）意思最接近。A.Returned.歸還；B.Accessed.接近；獲取；C.Relieved.緩解；減輕；D.Launched.發射。B項與劃線詞意思最為接近。故選B。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。文章第一段通過一個讓人痛心的事情引出亞克力西斯對于emergencymaskpod的想法，包括如何更加有效地投放面罩，其中最后一段提出“The

mask

could

easily

be

retrieved

by

victims

and

put

on,

giving

them

precious

time

for

firefighters

to

rescue

them

and

potentially

saving

hundreds

or

thousands

of

lives.”（這種面具可以很容易地被受害者收回并戴上，為消防員拯救他們提供了寶貴的時間，并可能挽救數百或數千人的生命。）可知，文章主要介紹了Emergency

Mask

Pod的發明及其在火災中的重要作用，C項“ALifelinethroughtheSmoke:TheMaskPod”（穿越煙霧的生命線：面罩艙）符合文意。故選C。DWhaleconservationistTedCheesemanadmitsthatthehugeanimalsdon’tpatientlyposeforphotos.Tohelppeoplefeelacloserconnectiontoeachwhale,MrCheeseman’sresearchcompany,HappyWhale,allowsuserstouploadtheirphotosontoitswebsite.HappyWhale’sartificialintelligence(AI)softwarewillthenquicklysearchthroughitsdatabaseofmorethan70,000differentwhaleswiththeaimoftellingyoutheexactanimalthatyouwerelookingat.Itcantellyouthewhale’sname,ifithasalreadybeengivenone,orinviteyoutochooseone.Andifthewhaleisonethathasbeenpreviouslyrecordeditwillshowyouamapofeverywherethatithasbeensighted.TheAlworksbyusingadaptedhumanfacialrecognitionsoftwaretoidentifyeachwhale’suniquelyshaped,coloredormarkedtail.Oregon-basedHappyWhaleusesallthedataitgetsfromuploadedphotostohelpittrackwhalenumbersandmovements.Itisanexampleofagrowingtrend-conservationgroupsattemptingtouseAltoenablemembersofthepublictoidentifyanimalsorbirds.Andinreturntheorganizationsgetahostofcrowdsourceddata.TheMerlinBirdIDappallowsuserstofindoutwhatspeciesofbirdtheyarelookingatorhearing.MerlinBirdusersareencouragedtoentertheirlocation,andthesize,colorandbehaviorofthebird.ThisdataisthenaddedtotheMacaulayLibrary,andscientistscanuseittohelpthemmapbirdpopulations,rangesandmigratorypatterns,andunderstandhowtheyhavechanged.“Birdpopulationshavebeendecliningallovertheworld,butinthelast50years,we’velostthreebillionbirdsintheUSandCanadaalone,”addsMsSmith.“Thisisthefirsttimewe’vebeenabletoshowthisinrealtime.”“Ibelieveanyresourcethathelpsbirdwatcherslearnmoreispositive,becausethatknowledgeandenjoymentsparkinterestinconservation,”WayneKlocknersays.“Peopleprotectwhattheyloveandcareabout.IftheapplicationofAIcontributestothat,birdswilllikelybebetteroff.”12.WhatcanHappyWhale’sAIprovideforitsusers?A.Thegrowthrateofwhales. B.Thedistributionmapofwhales.C.Theaveragetimeawhalerisestothesurface. D.Therelatedinformationaboutthespecificwhale.13.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofHappyWhale’sattempt?A.Awin-wincooperation. B.Adouble-edgedweapon.C.Asafebet. D.Anattemptintheair.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph4referto?A.Thelocationofbillionsofbirds. B.Thedeclineinbirdpopulations.C.Themigratorypatternofbirds. D.TherangeofbirdsinNorthAmerica.15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.AImakespeoplecareabouttheirpets. B.AIcontributestobirdwatchers’betterlife.C.AIhelpstodriveconservationefforts. D.AIispositivelyappliedtobirdwatching.〖答案〗12.D13.A14.B15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人工智能程序可以允許用戶將他們的照片上傳到網站上，然后提供鯨魚的信息，這可以有助于保護動物。【12題詳析】細節理解題。根據第一段“HappyWhale’sartificialintelligence(AI)softwarewillthenquicklysearchthroughitsdatabaseofmorethan70,000differentwhaleswiththeaimoftellingyoutheexactanimalthatyouwerelookingat.(然后，HappyWhale的人工智能（AI）軟件將快速搜索數據庫中超過7萬種不同的鯨魚，目的是告訴你所看到的確切動物)”可知，HappyWhale的AI能為用戶提供關于特定鯨魚的相關信息。故選D。【13題詳析】細節理解題。根據第三段“Oregon-basedHappyWhaleusesallthedataitgetsfromuploadedphotostohelpittrackwhalenumbersandmovements.Itisanexampleofagrowingtrend-conservationgroupsattemptingtouseAltoenablemembersofthepublictoidentifyanimalsorbirds.Andinreturntheorganizationsgetahostofcrowdsourceddata.(總部位于俄勒岡州的HappyWhale利用從上傳的照片中獲得的所有數據來追蹤鯨魚的數量和活動。這是一個日益增長的趨勢的一個例子——保護組織試圖利用人工智能使公眾能夠識別動物或鳥類。作為回報，這些組織得到了大量的眾包數據)”可知，作者認為HappyWhale的嘗試屬于合作共贏。故選A。【14題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞上文“Birdpopulationshavebeendecliningallovertheworld,butinthelast50years,we’velostthreebillionbirdsintheUSandCanadaalone(全世界的鳥類數量一直在下降，但在過去的50年里，僅在美國和加拿大，我們就失去了30億只鳥類)”以及上文“Thisisthefirsttimewe’vebeenabletoshow”可知，應用程序可以實時展示this（鳥類數量的減少）這一問題，故this指的是“鳥類數量的減少”。故選B。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段““Ibelieveanyresourcethathelpsbirdwatcherslearnmoreispositive,becausethatknowledgeandenjoymentsparkinterestinconservation,”WayneKlocknersays.“Peopleprotectwhattheyloveandcareabout.IftheapplicationofAIcontributestothat,birdswilllikelybebetteroff.”(“我相信任何幫助觀鳥者了解更多的資源都是積極的，因為知識和樂趣激發了對保護的興趣，”韋恩·克洛克納說。“人們會保護他們所愛和關心的東西。如果人工智能的應用有助于這一點，鳥類可能會過得更好。”)”可知，人工智能有助于推動保護工作。故選C。第二節(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyoustruggledtosaveupyourpocketmoneyorfoundithardnottoeatawholepacketofsweetsinonego?____16____Alsoknownas“willpower”,self-controlmeansmakingshort-termsacrificesforlong-termrewards.Thiscouldbegoingwithoutthingsyouwanttobuynowtosaveupforafuturetreat,orwalkingawayfromanargumentincaseyousaysomethinghurtful.____17____Itcanbelowattimeslikewhenyou’retired,hungryorstressed.However,therearewaystotopitup.____18____Doingmusicpracticeeverydaymeansyougetbetteratplayinganinstrument.Gettingupearlyforsportstrainingwillimproveyourskillsandhelpyourteam.Willpowerhelpsbuildhealthyhabits,likestayingawayfromscreensbeforebedsoyougetbettersleep.____19____Itgivesyouthepowertomakedecisionsbasedonwhatisbestforyou,notbecauseyou’retryingtofitinwithothers.Therearelotsofstudiesthatshowgoodself-controlcanhelpmakeushappierandhealthier.“Itdoesn’talwaysfeellikeit,butweallhavewillpower,”saysscientistEricSchulze.Heexplainsthatit’slikeamusclebecausethemoreyouuseit,thestrongeritbecomes.Agoodwaytostrengthenself-controlisgettingplentyofsleepandfeedingyourbrainwithhealthyfood.Focusonsmallgoalssoyoudon’tuseupalltheenergyinonego.“Asthedaywearsonthatwillpowermuscleshrinks(萎縮)andit’shardertoresisttemptation(誘惑),”Schulzesays.____20____Dosomethingthatmakesyoulaughasagoodmoodcanoverpoweraweakwill.A.Successcomesfromself-control.B.Willpowerislikeatypeofenergy.C.Itcanalsohelpyoumanageyouremotions.D.Ittakeswillpowertoresistthetwotemptations.E.Ifso,you’llunderstandthepowerofself-control.F.Self-controlisasuperpowerthatcanhelpyouachievegoals.G.Whenthishappens,exercisinghelpsyougiveenergytothebrain.〖答案〗16.E17.B18.F19.C20.G【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要解釋了什么是意志力，意志力的特點以及如何培養意志力。【16題詳析】根據上文“Haveyoustruggledtosaveupyourpocketmoneyorfoundithardnottoeatawholepacketofsweetsinonego?(你是否曾為攢零用錢而苦苦掙扎，或者發現自己很難一次不吃下一整包糖果？)”以及第二段“Alsoknownas“willpower”,self-controlmeansmakingshort-termsacrificesforlong-termrewards.(自我控制也被稱為“意志力”，意味著為了長期的回報而做出短期的犧牲)”可知，后文提到了自我控制，推測本句是在引出后文關于自我控制的觀點。故E選項“如果是這樣，你就會明白自我控制的力量”符合語境，故選E。【17題詳析】根據上文“Alsoknownas“willpower”,self-controlmeansmakingshort-termsacrificesforlong-termrewards.Thiscouldbegoingwithoutthingsyouwanttobuynowtosaveupforafuturetreat,orwalkingawayfromanargumentincaseyousaysomethinghurtful.(自我控制也被稱為“意志力”，意味著為了長期的回報而做出短期的犧牲。這可以是不買你現在想買的東西，為將來的享受攢錢，或者在爭吵中走開，以防你說了傷人的話)”以及后文“Itcanbelowattimeslikewhenyou’retired,hungryorstressed.However,therearewaystotopitup.(當你累了、餓了或壓力大的時候，它可能會很低。然而，有一些方法可以補充)”可知，上文提到了意志力的作用，后文提到了意志力很低的情況，說明本句是在說明意志力具有的特點。故B選項“意志力就像一種能量”符合語境，故選B。【18題詳析】根據后文“Doingmusicpracticeeverydaymeansyougetbetteratplayinganinstrument.Gettingupearlyforsportstrainingwillimproveyourskillsandhelpyourteam.Willpowerhelpsbuildhealthyhabits,likestayingawayfromscreensbeforebedsoyougetbettersleep.(每天做音樂練習意味著你在演奏樂器方面做得更好。早起進行運動訓練可以提高你的技能，幫助你的球隊。意志力有助于養成健康的習慣，比如睡前遠離屏幕，這樣你就能睡得更好)”可知，后文提到了意志力有助于養成健康的習慣，即實現目標方面的作用。故F選項“自我控制是一種超能力，可以幫助你實現目標”符合語境，故選F。【19題詳析】根據后文“Itgivesyouthepowertomakedecisionsbasedonwhatisbestforyou,notbecauseyou’retryingtofitinwithothers.Therearelotsofstudiesthatshowgoodself-controlcanhelpmakeushappierandhealthier.(它讓你有能力做出最適合自己的決定，而不是因為你試圖與他人合得來。有很多研究表明，良好的自我控制可以幫助我們更快樂、更健康)”可知，后文提到了意志力可以幫助我們更快樂、更健康，即對情緒有控制能力。故C選項“它還能幫助你控制情緒”符合語境，故選C。【20題詳析】根據上文““Itdoesn’talwaysfeellikeit,butweallhavewillpower,”saysscientistEricSchulze.Heexplainsthatit’slikeamusclebecausethemoreyouuseit,thestrongeritbecomes.Agoodwaytostrengthenself-controlisgettingplentyofsleepandfeedingyourbrainwithhealthyfood.Focusonsmallgoalssoyoudon’tuseupalltheenergyinonego.“Asthedaywearsonthatwillpowermuscleshrinks(萎縮)andit’shardertoresisttemptation(誘惑),”Schulzesays.(科學家埃里克·舒爾茨說：“并不總是感覺如此，但我們都有意志力。”他解釋說，這就像肌肉一樣，因為你使用得越多，它就變得越強壯。加強自我控制的一個好方法是獲得充足的睡眠和用健康的食物喂養你的大腦。專注于小目標，這樣你就不會一次耗盡所有的能量。舒爾茨說：“隨著時間的流逝，意志力肌肉會萎縮，更難抵抗誘惑。”)”以及后文“Dosomethingthatmakesyoulaughasagoodmoodcanoverpoweraweakwill.(做一些能讓你開懷大笑的事情，因為好心情可以戰勝脆弱的意志)”可知，上文提到了時間流逝意志力萎縮的情況，推測本句對此提出建議，故G選項“當這種情況發生時，鍛煉可以幫助你給大腦提供能量”符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Aheroicattemptofaman,OscarRivera,riskinghislifetosaveneighborsfromaburninghomeischeeredbythewholecommunity.Thedramatic____21____recordedonvideogoesviralwithinminutes.Riverawasrelaxingwithhischildrenintheirbackyardwhenheheardanenormoussoundand____22____action.Onreachingthefrontyard,he____23____thattheneighbor’shousewasonfireandtherewerepeopleinside.Awomanwastryingtoassistamanwhowas____24____ontheroof.Despitethedangeroussituation,hekeptcalmand____25____aladder(梯子)quicklyandbegangoingupwiththehelpofafellowneighbor.“Ijuststartedjumping,jumping,jumping,”Riverasaid.Nevertheless,____26____inonrushingthicksmokeandextremeheatthatmadeit____27____forhimtoadvanceanyfurther,hemanagedtoreachthetopfloor.Therehefoundsomebodyinsidebeggingforassistance.Without____28____hepulledhimoutthroughoneofthewindows.People____29____andcheeredwhileRiverasafelybroughtdownthevictim.EyewitnessJaneenHuth____30____thisheart-stoppingrescueonvideo,praisingRivera’sselflessbraverywhichshenotedhadputhimat____31____.Thevictimswereattendedto____32____withinminutesbuttheirwoundscouldhavebeen____33____ifithadnotbeenforwhatRiveradid.Asresidentsreflectonthisterrifyingincidentintheir____34____,theywillalwayslookuponRivera’sbravedeedasanexampleof____35____amidhardship.21.A.fire B.rescue C.change D.escape22.A.putoff B.calledfor C.fellin D.spranginto23.A.spotted B.imagined C.assumed D.believed24.A.confused B.relieved C.trapped D.bothered25.A.select B.seized C.prepared D.built26.A.blanketed B.folded C.hidden D.filled27.A.necessary B.unusual C.fantastic D.impossible28.A.doubt B.enthusiasm C.hesitation D.protection29.A.clapped B.parted C.approached D.laughed30.A.clicked B.posted C.recorded D.directed31.A.ease B.risk C.attention D.bay32.A.separately B.mentally C.equally D.medically33.A.worse B.cooler C.smaller D.clearer34.A.apartment B.hospital C.community D.school35.A.success B.hope C.wisdom D.peace〖答案〗21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.C29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述Rivera在大火中救鄰居，被JaneenHuth拍攝紀錄的故事。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：視頻中記錄的戲劇性救援在幾分鐘內迅速傳播開來。A.fire火災；B.rescue救援；C.change改變；D.escape逃跑。由下文“thisheart-stoppingrescueonvideo”可知，這里指視頻記錄下了“救援”事件。故選B項。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：Rivera正和他的孩子們在后院放松，這時他聽到一聲巨大的聲音，立刻采取了行動。A.putoff推遲；B.calledfor呼吁；C.fellin坍塌；D.spranginto突如其來地做。根據上文“whenheheardanenormoussound”可知，聽到異響，Rivera“突如其來地”采取行動，去查看發生了什么事。故選D項。【23題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一到前院，他就看見鄰居家著火了，里面有人。A.spotted看見；B.imagined想象中的；C.assumed假設；D.believed相信。由下文“theneighbor’shousewasonfire”可知，這里指Rivera“看到”了著火。故選A項。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一名婦女正試圖幫助一名被困在屋頂上的男子。A.confused感到困惑；B.relieved緩解；C.trapped被困；D.bothered困擾。由上文“Awomanwastryingtoassistaman”以及語境可知，這里指這男子“被困”在房頂了。故選C項。【25題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管情況很危險，他還是保持冷靜，迅速抓住梯子，在鄰居的幫助下開始往上爬。A.select挑選；B.seized抓住；C.prepared準備；D.built建造。由下文“aladderquickly”以及語境可知，這里指Rivera一把“抓住”梯子就準備去救人。故選B項。【26題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，他還是被滾滾濃煙和