03課后演練提能[夯實·基礎知識]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Hewas________(恐懼)ofheights.答案：terrified2.Acatis________(追趕)amouseinthestreet.答案：chasing3.Hewasputintoprisonbecausehe________(謀殺)anoldlady.答案：murdered4.Iaskedhimtoshowmetherecordthatwaskeptofthemeeting,buthe________(拒絕)．答案：refused5.Hearingthesharpcryupstairs,they________(猛沖)totheupstairs.答案：rushed6.His________(布滿皺紋的)facetellsushehassufferedalotinhislife.答案：wrinkled7.Whenwe________(呼吸),wedrawairintoourlungs.答案：breathe8.In________(相比之下),thedomesticmarketremainsstrong.答案：contrast9.________(害怕)oflosingajobisabigreasonwhypeopleareconsideringsavingmoney.答案：Fear10.Ifelt________(反感的)whenIsawthewomanwasshowingoffherwealth.答案：disgustedⅡ.選詞填空burnout，throwoneselfon，makeasound，putout，givelifeto1.Soabsorbedwashethatshedidn'tdareto________.答案：makeasound2.Youshould,likeacandle,________yourselftogivelighttoothers.答案：burnout3.Thecreatersaystheteamwantsto________theirrobotsbylettingthemdancelikearealballetdancer.答案：givelifeto4.AsIsteppedintothehouse,motherlookedmeupanddownbeforeshe________me.答案：threwherselfon5.Theofficialnewsagency,Xinhua,didnotgiveacauseforthefire,whichhasbeen________.答案：putoutⅢ.完成句子1.Shelefttheroomhurriedly________.她匆忙離開房間，好像生氣的樣子。答案：asifshewasangry2.Theworkyoudidtodayismuchbetter________withwhatyoudidyesterday.和你昨天做的活比起來，你今天做的要好得多。答案：incontrast3.Afterthreedays'hardwork,he________thebed,exhausted.經過三天辛苦的工作，他累得撲倒在床上。答案：threwhimselfon4.Therain________thewindow.雨水敲打著窗戶。答案：fellagainst5.Thefire________1,500acresoffarmland.大火燒掉了1,500英畝農田。答案：burnedupⅣ.單句語法填空(不多于3個單詞)1.Inourcountrythecoldweatherinthenorthcontrastssharply________thehotweatherinthesouth.答案：with句意：在我國，北方的寒冷天氣和南方的炎熱天氣形成鮮明的對比。2.Jennysaidshewas________(digust)bytheprogrammeonTV,sosheturneditoff.答案：digusteddisgusted厭惡的，失望的。句意：Jenny說她對電視節目感到厭惡，所以把電視關了。3.[2014·安徽高考]Peoplearerecyclingmanythingswhichthey________(throw)awayinthepast.答案：wouldhavethrown'句意：人們現在回收的許多東西要是在以前就會被扔掉了。考查虛擬語氣。本題中定語從句部分為含蓄條件句，表示“要是過去的話，這些東西就會被扔掉了”。根據句意可知此處表示與過去事實相反的假設，故用wouldhavedone形式。4.Mostpeoplechase________materialpossessions.答案：after句意：大多數人追求物質財富。chaseafter追逐，追求。5.The800-meterrunleftmeoutof________(breathe)．答案：breath句意：八百米賽跑使我氣喘吁吁。outofbreath氣喘吁吁。6.Hegotupearlyat6：00inthemorninginfear________beinglatefortheinterview.答案：of句意：今天早晨他六點鐘起的床惟恐面試遲到。infearof以防；惟恐。7.[2014·唐山高二檢測]Thepicture________(hang)onthewallispaintedbymynephew.答案：hanging考查非謂語動詞形式。句意：掛在墻上的這幅畫是我侄子畫的。hang作定語修飾thepicture。動詞hang作“懸掛，掛著”講時不用被動。8.Theschoolrulesstatethatnochildshallbeallowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday,________accompaniedbyanadult.答案：unless考查省略的狀語從句的連接詞。句意：學校規章規定：除非有成年人陪同，否則孩子們在校期間不能出學校。表示“除非”用unless。該句式構成了“連詞＋過去分詞”結構。9.[2014·延邊高二檢測]Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood________(breath)．答案：tobreathe考查不定式的主動形式表被動含義。句意：夏天我喜歡起得很早。早晨的空氣呼吸起來很好。在“主語＋be＋adj.＋todo...”結構中，如果主語是不定式動詞的邏輯賓語時，用主動形式表被動含義。10.Ifyou'refeeling________(burn)outandoverwhelmed,it'stimetoslowdown.答案：burned句意：如果你開始感到倦怠，不知所措，那么就到了放慢腳步的時候了。burnout此處意為“使某人筋疲力盡，心力交瘁”。[提升·實戰能力]Ⅴ.完形填空Throughouthistorymanhashadtoacceptthefactthatalllivingthingsmustdie,butpeoplenowlivelongerthantheyusedto.Yet,all__1__thingsstillshowtheeffectofaging,whichwilleventually__2__death.Thebodyandthe__3__theyformdonotfunctionaswellasthey__4__inchildhoodandadolescence(青春期).Thebodyprovidesless__5__againstdiseasesandismoreprone(易于……的)to__6__.Anumberofrelatedcausesmay__7__toaging.Somecellsofthebodyhavea__8__longlife,buttheyarenot__9__whentheydie.Asapersonages,__10__ofbraincellsandmusclecellsdecreases.Otherbodycellsdieandarereplacedbynewcells.Inanagingperson,however,the__11__cellsmaynotbeasviable(能生存的)orascapable__12__growthasthoseofayoungperson.Anotherfactorinagingmaybechangedwithinthecells__13__.Someoftheproteinchemicalsincells__14__knowntochange__15__ageandbecomelesselastic.Thisiswhytheskinofoldpeoplewrinklesandhangsloose.Thisisalsothereasonwhyoldpeopleshrinkin__16__.Theremaybeothermoreimportantchemicalchangesinthecells.Somecomplexcellchemicals,__17__DNAandRNA,storeand__18__informationthatthecellsneed.Agingmay__19__thisprocessandchangetheinformation__20__theydonottransmittheinformationaswell.盡管人現在比原來的壽命要長很多，但是也避免不了衰老和死亡，那么到底是什么讓人不斷衰老的呢？文章做了簡要的說明。1.A.living B.naturalC.lively D.lovely答案：A由上文可知，此處應為alllivingthings(所有的生命體)。2.A.resultin B.resultfromC.contain D.conclude答案：Aresultin“導致”；resultfrom“由于”；contain“包括”；conclude“斷定，終止”。根據句意“但是所有生命體都會變老，最終導致死亡”可知選A項。3.A.hands B.brainsC.organs D.legs答案：C本文描述的是人體各個器官的衰老，所以此處應填organs“組織，器官”。hand“手”；brain“大腦”，leg“腿”。4.A.made B.didC.grew D.had答案：B這里用助動詞did來代替前文出現的動詞function。句意：(隨著生命體的變老)生命體及其器官所起的作用不如兒時和青少年時了。5.A.prevention B.protectionC.strength D.vitamin答案：Bprevention常和介詞from連用，表示“阻止，防止……”；protection和介詞against連用，表示“保護……免受……”。C、D兩項邏輯不通。6.A.healthB.accidentC.ageD.growth答案：B生命體及其器官所起的作用不如年輕時，所以這時生命體更容易發生意外(accident)。health“健康”；age“年齡”；growth“生長”。7.A.contribute B.compareC.strengthen D.bedrown答案：Astrengthen“加強，鞏固”；contribute“導致，貢獻”；compare“比較”。句意：許多相關原因都可以導致衰老。8.A.fairly B.littleC.more D.less答案：A根據下文的轉折可推斷，此處應為肯定的意思。fairly“相當，非常”；little“少”；more不符合語法。9.A.repeated B.repliedC.replaced D.rearranged答案：C由下文的“Otherbodycellsdieandarereplacedbynewcells”可推測出，此處應填replaced“代替”。repeat“重說”；reply“回答”；rearrange“重新安排”。10.A.theamount B.anyamountC.thenumber D.anumber答案：C由此句的decreases“減少”可知其主語應為thenumber“數量”。11.A.remaining B.otherC.old D.new答案：D由上文可知，此處應表達新細胞的功能障礙，故選D項。12.A.of B.toC.with D.for答案：Abecapableof為固定搭配，意為“有……的能力”。13.A.themselvesB.itselfC.bythemselves D.ofthemselves答案：A本段敘述的是衰老的第二個因素：人體“細胞自身(themselves)”的變化。14.A.is B.areC.was D.were答案：B本句的主語(someoftheproteinchemicals)是復數且敘述的是客觀真理，故其謂語動詞用動詞原形，且用復數。15.A.with B.withinC.for D.on答案：A“隨著年齡的增長而變老”應為changewithage。within“在……之內”；for“為了”；on“關于，在……上面”。16.A.height B.highC.heighten D.higher答案：A這里應用“in＋名詞”結構，四個選項中只有A項height(高度)是名詞形式。17.A.assuch B.asthatC.asthough D.suchas答案：D根據上下文，此處是用于舉例。asthat“這樣”；asthough“好像”；suchas“例如”。18.A.passon B.passbyC.passinto D.passoff答案：ADNA和RNA儲存和傳遞(passon)細胞需要的信息。passby“路過”；passinto“變成，進入”；passoff“停止”。19.A.cancel B.affectC.benefit D.stop答案：Bcancel“取消”；affect“影響”；benefit“使受益”；stop“使停止”。句意：衰老會影響這種過程……20.A.sothat B.providingthatC.incase D.if答案：A根據邏輯推斷，此句應為結果狀語從句，故用sothat“因此”。providingthat“假如”；incase“萬一”；if“如果”。Ⅵ.閱讀理解Withonlyabout1,000pandasleftintheworld,Chinaisdesperatelytryingtoclone(克隆)theanimalandsavetheendangeredspecies(物種).That'samovesimilartowhatTexasA&MUniversityresearchershavebeenundertakingforthepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalled“Noah'sArk”．Noah'sArkisaimedatcollectingeggs,embryos(胚胎),semen(精液)andDNAofendangeredanimalsandstoringtheminliquidnitrogen(氮).Ifcertainspeciesshouldbecomeextinct,Dr.DuaneKraemer,aprofessorinTexasA&M'sCollegeofVeterinaryMedicine,saystherewouldbeenoughofthebasicbuildingblockstoreintroducethespeciesinthefuture.Itisestimatedthatasmanyas2,000speciesofmammals,birds,reptileswillbecomeextinctinover100years.Thepanda,nativeonlytoChina，isindangerofbecomingextinctinthenext25years.Thisweek,ChinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryobyintroducingcellsfromadeadfemalepandaintotheeggcellsofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingtoimplanttheembryointoahostanimal.Theentireprocedurecouldtakefromthreetofiveyearstocomplete.“Thenucleustransfer(核子移植)ofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasy,andthelackofavailable(capableofbeingused)pandaeggscouldbeamajorproblem，”Kraemerbelieves.“Theywillprobablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresultinonepregnancy(havingababy).Ittakesalongtimeandit'sdifficult,butthiscouldbegroundbreakingscienceifitworks.Theyarecertainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisk,soitisworththeeffort，”addsKraemer,whoisoneoftheleadersoftheProjectatTexasA&M,thefirst-everattemptatcloningadog.“Theyaretryingtodosomethingthat'sneverbeendone,andthisisverysimilartoourworkinNoah'sArk.We'rebothtryingtosaveanimalsthatfaceextinction.Icertainlyappreciatetheireffortandthere'salotwecanlearnfromwhattheyareattemptingtodo.It'saresearchthatisverymuchneeded.”本文講述中國正在竭力克隆瀕臨絕種的熊貓，這和TexasA&MUniversity的Noah'sArk(諾亞方舟)工程極為相似，都是想拯救瀕臨滅絕的動物。1.Theaimof“Noah'sArk”projectisto________.A.makeeffortstoclonetheendangeredpandasB.saveendangeredanimalsfromdyingoutC.collectDNAofendangeredanimalstostudyD.transferthenucleusofoneanimaltoanother答案：B推理判斷題。從第二段內容可知，“諾亞方舟”工程的目標是把瀕臨滅絕的動物的蛋(卵)、胚胎、精液和DNA儲存在液體氮中，如果某一種動物瀕臨滅絕時，將來可以重現這一動物。2.AccordingtoDr.Kraemer,themajorproblemincloningpandaswouldbethelackof________.A.availablepandaeggsB.hostanimalsC.qualifiedresearchersD.enoughmoney答案：A細節理解題。從第六段第一句話Thenucleustransferofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasy,andthelackofavailable(capableofbeingused)pandaeggscouldbeamajorproblem可知選A。3.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe________.A.China'sSuccessinCloningPandasB.TheFirstClonedPandaintheWorldC.ExploringthePossibilitytoClonePandasD.China－theNativePlaceofPandasForever答案：C主旨大意題。從文章內容來看，無論是中國還是世界克隆熊貓都沒有成功，所以排除A、B兩項；D項內容明顯與文章內容不符，故排除。所以“探索克隆熊貓的可能性”應該是這篇文章的標題。4.Fromthepassageweknowthat________.A.KraemerandhisteamhavesucceededincloningadogB.scientiststrytoimplantapandaeggintoarabbitC.KraemerwillworkwithChinesescientistsincloneresearchesD.abouttwothousandspecieswillprobablydieoutinoveracentury答案：D推理判斷題。此題B項的干擾性較強，但由于它沒有說明是Chinesescientists，所以應排除。A、C兩項明顯與原文不符。根據文章第三段第一句可知答案為D。Ⅶ.短文改錯[2014·大連市五校聯考]Thisautumn,myclasswenttotheseasidetogocamp.Wearrivedatasandybeachwithawellviewoftheseaandmountains.Wesetupourtentsonthesandybeach.Whennightfell,westartedafiretogivewelightandkeptuswarm.Allmyclassmatessataroundthem,talk