PAGEPAGE30廣東省佛山市南海區(qū)2025屆高三英語摸底測試試題（含解析）本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，共8頁。滿分135分。考試用時120分鐘。留意事項：1．答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考號等信息填涂在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。其次部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AWhenItellpeopleIattendedanall-girlsschoolsinceage4,I'mmetwithexpressionsofeitherconfusion,shock,curiosityorsomecombinationofthethree.Igetthesameresponses:Why?Wasithorrible?Buthowdidyoumeetboys?Contrarytowhatmanypeopleimmediatelyassume,judgingfromtheirlooksofsympathy,Ireallyenjoyedgoingtoanall-girlsschool.Goingtoasingle-sexschoolshapedmeinmanyvaluablewaysandallowedmetobuildamazingfriendships.Whenitcomestosingle-sexeducation,Irejecttheideathatbeinginasingle-sexenvironmentmakesoneunabletointeractwithmembersoftheoppositesexlaterinlife.Contrarytothispopularbelief,everyoneIknewatmyschoolandothersingle-sexschoolsnotonlyknewhowtointeractsmoothlywithmembersoftheoppositesex,buttheywerealsoabletoformactualfriendshipswiththosepeopleoutsideofschooltime.Althoughthemajorityofmyclosefriendsweregirls,Ididn'tgetawayfromtheoutsideworld.Beinginasingle-sexenvironmentalsoencouragedmetomakemorefriendsoutsideofschool.Theseexperiencesgavemeinvaluableskills,manyofwhichIhaveusedinmyfirstfewweekshereatStanfordinmakingfriendsandbuildingrelationships.Anothercommonbeliefaboutall-girlsschoolsinparticularisthepresenceofunfriendlybehaviorbetweenstudents.Thereareunavoidablyconflictsinallschoolsatsomepoints,butInevernoticedaconnectionbetweensingle-sexschoolsandmuchdisagreement.Iwouldsaythatconflictsdon'tdependonwhetheryou'reatasingle-sexornot,butratheronthepersonalitiesofthepeopleyousurroundyourselfwith.IwillbeforevergratefulfortheexperiencesIhadandtherelationshipsIformedinmyall-girlsschoolenvironment,butI'mequallysohappytobewhereIamnow,experiencingnewthingseverydayandgrowingmoreandmoreintheprocess.1.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraphl?A.Leadintothetopic.B.Askreaderssomequestions.C.Summarizepeople'sresponses.D.Providebackgroundinformation2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thispopularbelief”inparagraph3referto?A.Studentsinsingle-sexschoolscan’tmakenewfriends.B.Studentsinsingle-sexschoolscan'tgetalongwellwithothers.C.Studentsinsingle-sexschoolscan'thavetherightconceptofsex.D.Studentsinsingle-sexschoolscan'tcommunicatewiththeoppositesex.3.Accordingtotheauthor,whatcausesconflictsinschools?A.Single-sexenvironment. B.Disagreement.C.People'scharacter. D.Mixed-sexenvironment.4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofall-girlsschools?A.Theyhavebeautifulenvironment.B.Theyhavemorefriendlystudents.C.Theyarebetterthanordinaryschools.D.Theyofferstudentsvaluableexperiences.【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。作者通過講解并描述自己在女校的經驗和收獲來回答并證明白單一性別的環(huán)境并不會給人們帶來那些常見的困惑，反而會讓在單一性別環(huán)境里成長的人有更多更好的經驗，為他們今后的生活學習供應有效的幫助。【1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“WhenItellpeopleIattendedanall-girlsschoolsinceage4,I'mmetwithexpressionsofeitherconfusion,shock,curiosityorsomecombinationofthethree.Igetthesameresponses:Why?Wasithorrible?Buthowdidyoumeetboys?（當我告知別人我從4歲起就進入了一所女子學校時，他們的表情要么是困惑，要么是震驚，要么是新奇，要么三者兼而有之。我得到同樣的回答:為什么?這是可怕的嗎?但是你是怎么相識男孩的?）”可知作者從小就讀女校，常常會被提問一樣的問題，針對這些問題，作者在全文講解并描述了在女校的經驗和感受對這些疑問進行回復和說明，可知第一段的內容是引入文章的主題，故選A。【2題詳解】短語揣測題。依據(jù)文章第三段第一句“Whenitcomestosingle-sexeducation,Irejecttheideathatbeinginasingle-sexenvironmentmakesoneunabletointeractwithmembersoftheoppositesexlaterinlife.（說到單性別教化，我不認為在一個單性別的環(huán)境中會使一個人在以后的生活中無法與異性交往。）”結合代詞“this（這種）”可知“thispopularbelief”指的是在單性別學校的學生無法與異性交往這種想法，故選D。【3題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四段最終一句“Iwouldsaythatconflictsdon'tdependonwhetheryou'reatasingle-sexornot,butratheronthepersonalitiesofthepeopleyousurroundyourselfwith.（我想說的是，沖突并不取決于你是否是處于單一性別（環(huán)境中）的人，而是取決于你四周的人的特性。）”可知作者認為沖突的主要緣由是四周人的性格，故選C。【4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段最終一句“Goingtoasingle-sexschoolshapedmeinmanyvaluablewaysandallowedmetobuildamazingfriendships.（去一所單性別學校在很多方面塑造了我，并讓我建立了很棒的友情。）”；第三段最終一句“Theseexperiencesgavemeinvaluableskills,manyofwhichIhaveusedinmyfirstfewweekshereatStanfordinmakingfriendsandbuildingrelationships.（這些經驗給了我珍貴的技能，其中很多我在來到斯坦福的最初幾周在結交摯友和建立人際關系時就用到了。）”以及最終一段“IwillbeforevergratefulfortheexperiencesIhadandtherelationshipsIformedinmyall-girlsschoolenvironment,butI'mequallysohappytobewhereIamnow,experiencingnewthingseverydayandgrowingmoreandmoreintheprocess.（我將恒久感謝我在女校的經驗和人際關系，但我也同樣為現(xiàn)在的我感到興奮，每天體驗新事物，并在這個過程中越來越成長。）”可知作者在女校的經驗和收獲都是特別有價值的，因此可推斷作者認為女校會給學生供應有價值的經驗。故選D。BCaliforniaresearchershavefoundthatoxygenlevelsandwatertemperaturesplayakeyroleinthehealthofdeep-seafishpopulations.ScientistsstudiedfishontheflooroftheGulf（海灣）ofCalifornia."Thisisanexampleofsomeofthevideothatweareanalyzingforthisresearch,"saidNatalyaGallo,apost-doctoralresearcherattheScrippsInstitutionofOceanography.ShepointedtoavideotakenalongtheseafloorontheGulfofCalifornianeartheMexicancoast.Thefilmcamefromaremotelycontrolledsubmarine.Researchersusetheunderwatertooltocalculatetheinfluenceofawarmingoceanonfish.“Thereallybigquestionthatwe'retryingtoanswerishowsensitivedeep-seacommunities（群落），andingeneraloceancommunitiesaregoingtobetothesechanges,”Gallosaid.Galloandtheotherresearchersontheteamstudiedthenortherngulf,whichisclosertonormaloceanconditionsandthesoutherngulf,whichhasoneoftheplanet'smostextremelowoxygenoceanzones.Thefindingswillhelpscientistsunderstandchangesinotherplaces.Astheoceangetshotter,thewarmerwaterisnotcapableofholdingthesameamountofoxygen."Weknowthatoxygenisdecliningintheoceanglobally,"saidLisaLevin,aScrippsInstitutionofOceanography,biologicaloceanographer."Andthatthereallylowoxygenzones,oxygenminimumzonesareexpandingastheoceanwarms."Scientistsalreadyexpectcertainoutcomesfromclimate-relatedchanges."Thebodysizeofanimalswillgetlowerastheoceanwarmsandtheoxygendeclinesandoverall,theoceanswillbecomelessproductive,"Levinsaid.TheresearchfindingsarepublishedinthecurrenteditionoftheJournalMarineEcologyProgressSeries.5.WhatisthepurposeofGallo'sresearch?A.Tomeasurethetemperatureofseawater.B.Toshowthebodyconditionofdeep-seafish.C.Tocalculatetheamountofoxygeninthesea.D.Toevaluatetheeffectofoceanwarmingonfish.6.Whydoresearchersstudythesoutherngulf?A.Ithasnormaloceanconditions. B.Ithasspecialoceanzones.C.Ithasarelativelymildclimate. D.Ithasvariouskindsoffish.7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Themethodsofprotectingthesea.B.Theinfluenceofthewarmeroceans.C.Thestepsofinvestigatingtheocean.D.Thecausesofthewarmingofseawater.【答案】5.D6.B7.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章一項探討表明，氧氣水平和水溫對深海魚類種群的健康起著關鍵作用。隨著海洋變溫煦氧氣的削減，動物的體型會變小，海洋生產力會降低。5題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Researchersusetheunderwatertooltocalculatetheinfluenceofawarmingoceanonfish.“Thereallybigquestionthatwe'retryingtoanswerishowsensitivedeep-seacommunities（群落），andingeneraloceancommunitiesaregoingtobetothesechanges,”Gallosaid.”（探討人員運用水下工具來計算海洋變暖對魚類的影響。加洛說：“我們試圖回答的一個大問題是深海生物群落和海洋群落對這些改變——海洋變暖——的敏感程度。）可知，加洛的探討目的是為了知道/評估海洋變暖對魚類的影響。故選D項。【6題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Galloandtheotherresearchersontheteamstudiedthenortherngulf,whichisclosertonormaloceanconditionsandthesoutherngulf,whichhasoneoftheplanet'smostextremelowoxygenoceanzones.”（加洛和探討小組的其他探討人員探討了接近正常海洋條件的北部海灣和擁有地球上最極端低氧海洋區(qū)之一的南部海灣。）可知，探討人員要探討南部海灣是因為它有特別的海洋區(qū)域，即最極端低氧海洋區(qū)。故選B項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。由最終一段“Scientistsalreadyexpectcertainoutcomesfromclimate-relatedchanges."Thebodysizeofanimalswillgetlowerastheoceanwarmsandtheoxygendeclinesandoverall,theoceanswillbecomelessproductive,"Levinsaid.TheresearchfindingsarepublishedinthecurrenteditionoftheJournalMarineEcologyProgressSeries.”（科學家們已經預期氣候改變會帶來某些結果。”萊文說：“隨著海洋變溫煦氧氣的削減，動物的體型會變小，總的來說，海洋的生產力會降低。”。這項探討結果發(fā)表在最新一期《海洋生態(tài)學進展系列》雜志上。）可知，海洋變暖，動物體型會變小，海洋生產力會降低，這是講海洋變暖帶來的影響，所以本段主要講海洋變暖的影響。故選B項。CIfyou'relikemanypeople,youmayhavedecidedthatyouwanttospendlesstimestaringatyourphone.It'sagoodidea:anincreasingbodyofevidencesuggeststhatthetimewespendonoursmartphonesisaffectingoursleep,self-respect,relationships,memory,attention,creativity,productivityandproblemsolvinganddecision-makingskills.Untilnow,mostdiscussionsofphones'biochemicaleffectshavefocusedondopamine(多巴胺)，abrainchemicalthathelpsusformhabits.Smart-phonesandappsaredesignedtocausedopamine'srelease,withthegoalofmakingourphonesdifficulttoputdown.Butourphones'effectsoncortisol（皮質醇）arepotentiallyevenmorealarming.Cortisolisourprimaryfight-or-flighthormone.Itsrelease（釋放）causesourbodies'changes,suchasajumpinbloodpressure,heartrateandbloodsugar,thathelpusreacttoandsurviveacutephysicalthreats.Butbyraisinglevelsofcortisol,ourphonesmaybethreateningourhealthandshorteningourlives.TheaverageAmericanspendsfourhoursadaystaringattheirsmart-phoneandkeepsitwithinarm'sreachnearlyallthetime,accordingtoatrackingappcalledMoment.Theresult,asGooglehasnotedinareport,isthat"mobilephonesloadedwithsocialmedia,emailandnewsapps"create"aconstantsenseofcommitmentbringingunintendedpersonalstress.""Yourcortisollevelsareincreasedwhenyourphoneisinsightornearby,orwhenyouhearitoreventhinkyouhearit,"saysDavidGreenfield,professorattheUniversityofConnecticutSchool."It'sastressresponse,anditfeelsunpleasant,andthebody'snaturalresponseistowanttocheckthephonetomakethestressgoaway."Butwhiledoingsomightcomfortyouforasecond,itprobablywillmakethingsworseinthelongrun.Anytimeyoucheckyourphone,you'relikelytofindsomethingelsestressfulwaitingforyou,leadingtoanotherincreaseincortisolandanotherdesiretocheckyourphonetoyouranxietygoaway.Thiscycle,whencontinuouslystrengthened,leadstoincreasedcortisollevels,whichhavebeentiedtoanincreasedriskofserioushealthproblems,includingdepression,obesity,highbloodpressure,heartattackandsoon.8.Whatphone-relatedeffectisdopamineresponsiblefor?A.Memoryloss. B.Increasedmentalstress.C.Abehavioraladdiction. D.Poorsleepquality.9.Whatcanweinferaboutcortisolaccordingtothetext?A.Itsdecreasewillimproveheartrate.B.Itsreleasewilllowerbloodpressure.C.Itsreleasehasnobenefitsforhumans.D.Itsincreaseisrelatedtopersonalstress.10.Whatmaybefurthertalkedaboutafterthelastparagraph?A.Waystomakephoneslessstressful.B.Benefitsofreducingdopaminelevels.C.Reasonswhycortisollevelsareincreased.D.Badresultsofcheckingphonesfrequently.11.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment. B.Health. C.Technology. D.Education.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了，智能手機和應用程序會讓多巴胺釋放，影響皮質醇，威逼我們的健康。【8題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段中的“Smart-phonesandappsaredesignedtocausedopamine'srelease,withthegoalofmakingourphonesdifficulttoputdown.”（智能手機和應用程序的設計目的是讓多巴胺釋放，目的是讓我們的手機難以放下。），可知多巴胺釋放讓人難以放下手機，說明多巴胺釋放會讓人對手機成成癮——行為成癮。故選C項。【9題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)其次段“"Yourcortisollevelsareincreasedwhenyourphoneisinsightornearby,orwhenyouhearitoreventhinkyouhearit,"saysDavidGreenfield,professorattheUniversityofConnecticutSchool."It'sastressresponse,anditfeelsunpleasant,andthebody'snaturalresponseistowanttocheckthephonetomakethestressgoaway."”（康涅狄格高校的教授大衛(wèi)·格林菲爾德說：“當你的手機在你的視線中或旁邊，或者當你聽到甚至以為你聽到時，你的皮質醇水平就會增加。”這是一種壓力反應，感覺很不舒適，身體的自然反應就是想檢查一下手機，讓壓力消逝。”），可知有壓力反應，皮質醇水平就會增加，所以皮質醇的增加與個人壓力有關。故選D項。【10題詳解】推理推斷題。由最終一段“Butwhiledoingsomightcomfortyouforasecond,itprobablywillmakethingsworseinthelongrun.Anytimeyoucheckyourphone,you'relikelytofindsomethingelsestressfulwaitingforyou,leadingtoanotherincreaseincortisolandanotherdesiretocheckyourphonetoyouranxietygoaway.Thiscycle,whencontinuouslystrengthened,leadstoincreasedcortisollevels,whichhavebeentiedtoanincreasedriskofserioushealthproblems,includingdepression,obesity,highbloodpressure,heartattackandsoon.”（但這樣做可能會讓你感到勸慰，但從長遠來看，這可能會讓事情變得更糟。任何時候你想查看手機，你會發(fā)覺有壓力的事等著你，導致皮質醇的另一個增加和另一個檢查手機來讓你的焦慮消逝的欲望。這個周期，當不斷加強時，會導致皮質醇水平上升，而皮質醇水平與嚴峻健康問題的風險增加有關，包括抑郁、肥胖、高血壓、心臟病發(fā)作等等。），可知看手機會讓人覺得有壓力，導致皮質醇再次上升和再次看手機的欲望，這會增加嚴峻的健康問題風險，因此為了讓人們愛護健康，作者在下一段可能講削減手機壓力的方法。故選A項。【11題詳解】推理推斷題。由其次段中的“Smart-phonesandappsaredesignedtocausedopamine'srelease,withthegoalofmakingourphonesdifficulttoputdown.”（智能手機和應用程序的設計目的是讓多巴胺釋放，目的是讓我們的手機難以放下。），第三段中的“Butbyraisinglevelsofcortisol,ourphonesmaybethreateningourhealthandshorteningourlives.”（但是通過提高皮質醇水平，我們的手機可能會威逼我們的健康，縮短我們的壽命。），最終一段中的“Thiscycle,whencontinuouslystrengthened,leadstoincreasedcortisollevels,whichhavebeentiedtoanincreasedriskofserioushealthproblems,includingdepression,obesity,highbloodpressure,heartattackandsoon.”（這個周期，當不斷加強時，會導致皮質醇水平上升，而皮質醇水平與嚴峻健康問題的風險增加有關，包括抑郁、肥胖、高血壓、心臟病發(fā)作等等。），可知本文主要講智能手機和應用程序會讓多巴胺釋放，影響皮質醇，威逼我們的健康，本文可能在報紙的“健康”版面出現(xiàn)。故選B項。DImaginethis:youwalkintoworkandthecameraabovethedoorsscansyourface,openingthemautomaticallywithoutyouliftingafinger.Oh,butyouneedtoruntothechemist'satlunch.Youwalkuptoacamera,andyourprescription（藥方）isdepositedinfrontofyou.Afterwork,youlookatyourfaceinthemirror,anditremindsyoutowearsun-creamthenextday.Soundsprettygood,right?Nowimaginethis:whenyouarewalkingdownthestreet,apairofpolicemenpulltheirgunsandtellyoutodroptotheground.Afterseveraldaysinjail,theyletyouknowyouweremisidentifiedasaviolentcriminalontheloose.Regardlessofyourinnocence,you'reinthesystem.Nowwhereveryougo,camerasthatcaptureyouwillalertpolicetowatchoutforyou.Evenworse,asyouenterstores,thefacialrecognitionsystemletsthestaffknowarecentlyarrestedindividualhasenteredthebuilding.Doesn'tsoundsogood?Asfantasticalaseitherofthosepicturesmightseem,it'squitepossiblethatthiswillbethefuturewe'reheadedtowards.The"benefits"ofthetechnologyarealreadybeingimplementedbyairlines,asseenbyJetBlueAirways.Ratherthanscanningaboardingpassorhandingoverapassport,yousimplystareintoacameraandyou'reidentified.Thisdoessavetimeandmakeprocessesthebestpossible,butitraisesthequestion:doyouhavetherighttoyourownface?Whoisresponsiblefortheprotectionofthisinformation?CanIevenremovemyfacefromthisdatabaseandjustgotheold-fashionedway?Wehumanshavethenever-endingneedtomakethingssmoother,betterandfaster.Thisdesirehashelpeddrivetheremarkableprogresswehaveachievedasasociety.However,it'stimetotakeastepbackandasksomenecessaryquestions.Weneedtodiscusswhetherweactuallyneedtheextensiveuseoffacialrecognitiontechnologyandhowtoensurelawenforcement(執(zhí)行)doesn'tabusethistechnology.Ifweactnow,Ibelievewecansucceedinpreventingtechnologycompaniesfrominfiltrating（潛入）everyaspectofourlives.Ifwedon't,though,Ifeartheworst.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"fantastical"probablymean?A.Unreal. B.Optimistic. C.Reasonable. D.Unbearable.13.Whatisthedownsideoffacialrecognitiontechnology?A.Inequalityofrights. B.Disorderofsociety.C.Violationofprivacy. D.Denialofresponsibility.14.Whatmaybetoblameforthenegativeeffectoffacialrecognitiontechnology?A.Improperenforcementoflaws. B.People'slackofawareness.C.Ignoranceofthetechnology. D.Companies'pursuitofprofit.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Howdowelivesafelywithfacialrecognitiontechnology?B.Arewepreparedfortheuseoffacialrecognitiontechnology?C.Whatwillthefuturebelikewithoutfacialrecognitiontechnology?D.Canwepreventthedevelopmentoffacialrecognitiontechnology?【答案】12.A13.C14.A15.B【解析】這是一篇爭論文。文章探討了我們是否真的須要廣泛運用面部識別技術這一問題。【12題詳解】詞義揣測題。由第三段中的“it'squitepossiblethatthiswillbethefuturewe'reheadedtowards”（很有可能這就是我們要走向的將來），可知這兩張照片中的場景是將來可能的場景，現(xiàn)在是不存在的，所以它們看起來不真實，fantastical在此處意為“Unreal（不真實的）”。故選A項。【13題詳解】推理推斷題。由第三段中的“Thisdoessavetimeandmakeprocessesthebestpossible,butitraisesthequestion:doyouhavetherighttoyourownface?Whoisresponsiblefortheprotectionofthisinformation?CanIevenremovemyfacefromthisdatabaseandjustgotheold-fashionedway?”（這的確節(jié)約了時間，并使過程盡可能地最佳化，但它提出了一個問題：你有權面對自己的臉嗎？誰負責愛護這些信息？我甚至可以從這個數(shù)據(jù)庫中刪除這張臉，然后按老方法來嗎？），可知面部識別技術讓人質疑人們自己是否有權看自己的臉、誰負責愛護這些人臉信息，自己能否刪除數(shù)據(jù)庫中的人臉，得出面部識別技術可能會侵擾隱私，讓人們對自己的臉沒有自主權。故選C項。【14題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由最終一段中的“Weneedtodiscusswhetherweactuallyneedtheextensiveuseoffacialrecognitiontechnologyandhowtoensurelawenforcement(執(zhí)行)doesn'tabusethistechnology.”（我們須要探討我們是否真的須要廣泛運用面部識別技術，以及如何確保執(zhí)法部門不會濫用這項技術。），可知面部識別技術侵擾隱私的缺點是因為執(zhí)法部門可能會濫用這項技術。故選A項。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。第一二段講“面部識別技術運用在將來生活中可能的場景”，第三段講“面部識別技術侵擾隱私的缺點”，第四段講“是否真的須要廣泛運用面部識別技術”，可知本文主要講我們是否真的須要廣泛運用面部識別技術，B項“我們打算好運用面部識別技術了嗎？”為短文的最佳標題。故選B項。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Oneofourmostfirmlyestablishedideasofmasculinity（男子氣概）isthatmendon'tcry.Althoughhemightweepbittertearsatafuneral,arealmanisexpectedtoquicklyregaincontrol.Sobbingopenlyisforgirls.Buthistoricalandliteraryevidencesuggeststhat,inthepast,notonlydidmencryinpublic,butnoonesawitasweakorshameful.___16___InwrittenrecordsoftheMiddleAges,wefindoneambassadorrepeatedlyburstingintotearswhenaddressingPhiliptheGood,andtheentireaudienceatapeaceconferencethrowingthemselvesontheground,sobbingandweepingastheylistentothespeeches.Stillmoreremarkably,there'snomentionofthemeninthesestoriestryingtoholdbackorhidetheirtears.Noonepretendstohavesomethinginhiseye.___17___Theycryinacrowdedhallwiththeirheadsheldhigh.___18___Themostobviouspossibilityisthatthisshiftistheresultofchangesthattookplaceaswemovedfromafeudal（封建的），agriculturalsocietytoonethatwasurbanandindustrial.IntheMiddleAges,atypicalvillagehadonly50—300inhabitants,mostofthemrelatedbybloodormarriage.Ifmencried,theydidsowithpeoplewhowouldempathize.Butfromthe18ththroughthe20thcenturies,thepopulationbecameincreasinglyurbanised.___19___Furthermore,changesintheeconomyrequiredmentoworktogetherinfactoriesandofficeswhereemotionalexpressionandevenprivateconversationwerediscouragedastime-wasting.Yethumanbeingsweren'tdesignedtoswallowtheiremotionsandthere'sreasontobelievethatholdingbacktearscanbeharmfultoyourwell-being.Researchfromthe1980shassuggestedarelationshipbetweenaperson'srateofstress-relatedillnessesandinadequatecrying.___20___Astudyhasfoundthatincountrieswherepeoplecrythemost,theyalsoreportthehighestlevelsofsatisfaction.Soitmightbetimetoreturntothefree-flowingtearsofthepast.Whenmisfortunestrikes,letusall—menandwomen—jointogetherandcryuntiloursleevesaresoaked.A.Sowheredidallthemaletearsgo?B.Noonemakesanexcusetoleavetheroom.C.Soon,peoplewerelivinginthemidstofthousands-ofstrangersD.Weepingisalso,contrarytoallexpectations,correlatedwithhappiness.E.Thequestionremainswhetherinadequatecryingisharmfulorbeneficial.F.Infact,maleweepingwasregardedasnormalformostofrecordedhistory.G.Despitetheconsiderableevidence,mencan'texpressfeelingsfreelybyanymeans.【答案】16.F17.B18.A19.C20.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。分析了為什么古代男人哭而現(xiàn)在男人不哭的緣由，告知我們不要壓抑自己，抑制眼淚對健康有害．【16題詳解】上文“Buthistoricalandliteraryevidencesuggeststhat,inthepast,notonlydidmencryinpublic,butnoonesawitasweakorshameful.但歷史和文學證據(jù)表明，在過去男性不只在公共場合哭，而且沒有人認為這是懦弱可恥的”與F.Infact,maleweepingwasregardedasnormalformostofrecordedhistory.（事實上，在大部分歷史記載上，男性哭都被看作是正常的）承接自然，上文提到沒人認為男性在公共場合哭是懦弱可恥的，下文進一步補充說明歷史上把男性哭看作是正常的。故選F。【17題詳解】上文“Noonepretendstohavesomethinginhiseye.沒有人假裝自己的眼里有東西”與B.Noonemakesanexcusetoleavetheroom.（沒有人找借口離開房間）承接自然。上下文句式一樣，且都說明白古代男性不用掩飾自己的眼淚。此外，noone是關鍵詞。故選B。【18題詳解】下文“Themostobviouspossibilityisthatthisshiftistheresultofchangesthattookplaceaswemovedfromafeudal（封建的），agriculturalsocietytoonethatwasurbanandindustrial.最明顯的可能是，這種轉變是我們從一個封建農業(yè)社會過渡到城市和工業(yè)社會所發(fā)生的改變的結果。”與A.Sowheredidallthemaletearsgo?（那么，男性的眼淚去了哪兒呢？）承接自然，下文回答了選項所提出的問題。故選A。【19題詳解】上文“Butfromthe18ththroughthe20thcenturies,thepopulationbecameincreasinglyurbanized.但從18世紀至20世紀，人口日益城市化”與C.Soon,peoplewerelivinginthemidstofthousands-ofstrangers（很快，人們就生活在成千上萬的生疏人中間了）承接自然。選項陳述內容是人口日益城市化的結果，且people可對應上文的population。故選C。【20題詳解】下文“Astudyhasfoundthatincountrieswherepeoplecrythemost,theyalsoreportthehighestlevelsofsatisfaction.一個探討已經發(fā)覺，在人們哭得多的國家，他們的滿足度也最高”與D.Weepingisalso,contrarytoallexpectations,correlatedwithhappiness.（出乎全部人的意料，哭泣也和華蜜有關）承接自然，下文用科學探討結果證明白“哭泣也和華蜜有關”，且happiness可對應上文的satisfaction。故選D。【點睛】第三部分語言學問及運用（共三節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。OnasteamyJulydayinBayonetPoint,Florida,GeneWorkandhisbrother-in-law,MarkRouco,wereresodding(重鋪草皮)Gene’syard.Ithadgrownbrowninthe___21___andthehomeowners’associationhad___22___togiveaheavyfineifthesituationwasn’t___23___.Thenewsodwassittinginthedriveway,butthejobwas___24___.Gene,then40,wasn’tfeeling___25___.Hewentinsidetotakea___26___andfellonthesofa,holdinghischesttightly.Hiswife,MelissaWork,called911___27___．___28___hewasstaringdowndeath,Genehadonethingonhismind:thatlawn(草坪).Ifthesodwasn’tputdownthatday,itwould___29___,“Whilehewashavinghisheartattack,literallyinandoutofconsciousness,hekept____30____metohaveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogoto____31____,”MelissawroteinaFacebookpost.SoonPascoCountyFireRescuearrivedandtookGeneandMelissatothe____32____,leavingRoucobehindtodealwiththe____33____.Withinanhour,hehadmanagedtoremovethe____34____grass.Hewasabouttolaythenewsod,whichhe____35____wouldtakehimwellintothenight,whentwoemergencyvehiclesappeared.Sevenmen,the____36____oneswhohadtreatedhisbrother,gotout.Theyhad____37____tohelpbecauseGenehadtoldthemhowbadlyhe'dwantedtogetthesoddown.The____38____wasdoneinundertwohours.____39____,Genehadsurgeryinhisheart,easingapotentiallydeadlyblockage.He’shomenow,fullyrecoveredandenjoyinghisbeautifullawn.“Thesemen,”Melissatoldtampabay,“savedGene’slife,andthencamebacktosavehisgrass.That’sjustso____40____.”21.A.dampness B.heat C.shadow D.warmth22.A.expected B.offered C.threatened D.encouraged23.A.worsened B.understood C.reviewed D.improved24.A.fast-changing B.low-paying C.slow-going D.well-rewarding25.A.right B.excited C.lonely D.afraid26.A.shower B.break C.picture D.walk27.A.quickly B.occasionally C.personally D.suddenly28.A.Asthough B.Nowthat C.Ifonly D.Eventhough29.A.disappear B.die C.grow D.fade30.A.ordering B.begging C.helping D.inviting31.A.pieces B.seed C.waste D.service32.A.hospital B.garden C.firestation D.Internetcompany33.A.car B.house C.road D.yard34.A.old B.muddy C.narrow D.soft35.A.promised B.feared C.advocated D.admitted36.A.extra B.educated C.same D.wounded37.A.agreed B.avoided C.returned D.refused38.A.operation B.survey C.experiment D.job39.A.Meanwhile B.However C.Otherwise D.Therefore40.A.challenging B.coincident C.inspiring D.awesome【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.C25.A26.B27.A28.D29.B30.B31.C32.A33.D34.A35.B36.C37.C38.D39.A40.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要記敘了40歲的吉恩在修正自家草皮的時候，身體不適被送往醫(yī)院，但是他心里照舊擔憂新草皮的鋪設問題，為此曾經救助過吉恩的七個人再次返回他家中，幫他鋪設好了草皮。吉恩的妻子贊揚了他們的行為。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：燥熱的天氣里，它已經變成了褐色，業(yè)主協(xié)會威逼說，假如這種狀況得不到改善，將賜予重罰。A.dampness潮濕；B.heat高溫；C.shadow陰影；D.warmth暖和。依據(jù)上文“OnasteamyJulyday”可知，天氣燥熱。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：燥熱的天氣里，它已經變成了褐色，業(yè)主協(xié)會威逼說，假如這種狀況得不到改善，將賜予重罰。A.expected預期；B.offered供應；C.threatened威逼；D.encouraged激勵。依據(jù)后文“togiveaheavyfine”可知，業(yè)主協(xié)會是在威逼他們，說假如不處理好這塊草皮，將會罰款。故選C。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：燥熱的天氣里，它已經變成了褐色，業(yè)主協(xié)會威逼說，假如這種狀況得不到改善，將賜予重罰。A.worsened惡化；B.understood理解；C.reviewed復習；D.improved改善。結合上文“togiveaheavyfineifthesituationwasn’t”可知，此處為條件狀語從句，表示“假如這種狀況得不到改善，就會賜予重罰”。故選D。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：新的草皮放在車道上，但工作進展緩慢。A.fast-changing快速改變的；B.low-paying低薪的；C.slow-going緩慢的；D.well-rewarding酬勞豐厚的。依據(jù)上文“Thenewsodwassittinginthedrivewayontourpallets,butthejobwas”可知，but表示轉折，表明雖然新的草皮已經買好了放在了車道上，但是工作進展仍舊很緩慢。故選C。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當時40歲的吉恩感覺不舒適。A.right正確的；B.excited激烈的；C.lonely孤獨的；D.afraid膽怯 的。結合后文“holdinghischesttightly”可知，吉恩當時感覺不舒適。feelright表示“感覺良好”。故選A。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他走進去想休息一下，卻倒在沙發(fā)上，緊緊地捂著胸口。A.shower淋浴；B.break休息；C.picture圖片；D.walk漫步。依據(jù)后文“andfellonthesofa,holdinghischesttightly”可知，吉恩當時感覺不舒適，所以是走進屋里想休息一下，takeabreak“休息”。故選B。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他的妻子，梅麗莎·沃克，快速撥打了911。A.quickly快速地；B.occasionally間或；C.personally親自地；D.suddenly突然。上文提到吉恩捂著胸口，身體不舒適，他的妻子所以快速撥打了911。故選A。【28題詳解】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他在死神的凝視下，但吉恩腦子里想的只有一件事：那塊草坪。A.Asthough似乎；B.Nowthat既然；C.Ifonly只要；D.Eventhough盡管。此處為讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管他在死神的凝視下”應用eventhough。故選D。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：假如那天不把草皮放下來，它就會死掉。A.disappear消逝；B.die死亡；C.grow生長；D.fade褪色。依據(jù)常識，草皮假如當天不鋪設好，在燥熱的天氣里就會死掉。故選B。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“在他心臟病發(fā)作的時候，他始終求我把草皮放下來，因為他不想讓它白白奢侈，”梅麗莎在臉書上寫道。A.ordering吩咐；B.begging乞討；C.helping幫助；D.inviting邀請。依據(jù)后文“metohaveitputdown”可知，吉恩請求妻子把草皮放下來，it指的是那塊新草皮。故選B。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“在他心臟病發(fā)作的時候，他始終求我把草皮放下來，因為他不想讓它白白奢侈，”梅麗莎在臉書上寫道。A.pieces塊，片；B.seed種子；C.waste奢侈，廢物；D.service服務。上文提到假如草皮當天不放下來就會死掉，就奢侈了，所以吉恩是因為不想奢侈草皮，才請求妻子把草皮放好的。故選C。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，帕斯科縣的消防隊趕到了現(xiàn)場，把吉恩和梅麗莎送到了醫(yī)院，留下Rouco處理院子。A.hospital醫(yī)院；B.garden花園；C.firestation消防站；D.Internetcompany網絡公司。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中“Genehadsurgeryinhisheart,easingapotentiallydeadlyblock