Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會意1．a(chǎn)dversityn．困境；逆境2．expeditionn．探險；遠征；探險隊3．endurancen．忍耐力；耐久力4．cupboardn．櫥柜；壁櫥；衣柜5．stewardn．(輪船、飛機或火車上的)乘務(wù)員；服務(wù)員6．crushvt.毀壞；壓壞；壓碎n．擁擠的人群7．stoven．爐具；廚房灶具8．banjon．班卓琴(樂器)9．voyagen．&vi.航海；航行10．navyn．海軍；海軍部隊11．decentadj.相當(dāng)不錯的；正派的；得體的12．cosyadj.溫馨的；舒適的13．crewn．(輪船、飛機等上面的)全體工作人員；專業(yè)團隊；一群人14．rugbyn．橄欖球運動15．corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社團的16．navigatorn．領(lǐng)航員；(飛機、船舶等上的)航行者17．episoden．(人生的)一段經(jīng)歷；(小說的)片段；插曲18．motiven．動機；原因；目的Ⅱ.重點單詞——記形1．wagen．工資2．bitteradj.嚴寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的3．vigour(NAmEvigor)n．精力；力量；活力4．sinkvi.(sank/sunk，sunk)沉沒；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉沒5．a(chǎn)bandonvt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄；遺棄6．blanketn．毯子7．miserableadj.痛苦的；令人難受的8．good/bad-temperedadj.脾氣好的/壞的9．genuineadj.真正的；真誠的；可信賴的10．thoroughadj.深入的；徹底的；細致的11．furnituren．家具12．barkvi.&n．(狗)吠叫；吠叫聲；厲聲質(zhì)問13．batn．球拍；蝙蝠vi.&vt.用球板擊球；揮打；拍打14．dampadj.潮濕的；濕氣重的15．recreationn．娛樂；消遣；游戲16．nephewn．侄子；外甥17．roughadj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的18．motorn．發(fā)動機；馬達adj.有引擎的；機動車的19．candidaten．候選人；應(yīng)試者Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變1．qualifiedadj.符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學(xué)歷等)→qualifyv．(使)具有資格；(使)合格→qualificationn．資格；資歷；資格證書2．enthusiasticadj.熱情的；熱心的→enthusiasticallyadv.熱情地→enthusiasmn．熱情；熱忱3．a(chǎn)boardadv.&prep.上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)→boardv．上船(火車、飛機、公共汽車等)；寄宿n．木板；董事會；伙食4．a(chǎn)ssignvt.分派；布置；分配→assignmentn．任務(wù)；作業(yè)；分配5．envyn．&vt.羨慕；妒忌→enviousadj.忌妒的；羨慕的6．belongingsn．[pl.]財物；動產(chǎn)→belongvi.屬于；應(yīng)在(某處)7．selfishadj.自私的→selfishlyadv.自私地→selfishnessn．自私8．perseverancen．毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神→perseverevi.堅持；孜孜以求9．resolvevi.&vt.決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)n．決心；堅定的信念→resolutionn．決議；解決；堅定；決心10．crueladj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的→cruellyadv.殘忍地；殘酷地→crueltyn．殘忍；殘酷11．unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遺憾地→fortunately(反)adv.幸運地→fortunen．運氣；財產(chǎn)→fortunateadj.幸運的12．guidancen．指導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)航→guiden．導(dǎo)游；指南vt.帶領(lǐng)；引導(dǎo)；為……領(lǐng)路13．a(chǎn)dvertisingn．廣告活動；廣告業(yè)→advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告→advertisementn．廣告；宣傳14．loyaladj.忠誠的；忠實的→loyaltyn．忠誠；忠實15．commitmentn．承諾；保證；奉獻→commitvt.犯(錯誤、罪行等)vi.&vt.(使)承擔(dān)義務(wù)；(使)作出保證→committedadj.盡心盡力的；堅定的1．reel/ri?l/vi.蹣跚；踉蹌2．fasten/'fɑ?sn/vt.&vi.系牢；扣緊；關(guān)住3．invulnerable/In'v?ln?r?bl/adj.無懈可擊的；打不敗的→vulnerable/'v?ln?r?bl/adj.易受傷的；脆弱的bevulnerabletosth易受……傷害的4．glimpse/ɡlImps/vt.瞥見；看一眼n．一瞥；短暫的感受5．confine/k?n'faIn/vt.限制；監(jiān)禁；使離不開confine...to把……局限于；把……限制于6．resemble/rI'zembl/vt.像；與……相似7．sparkle/'spɑ?kl/vi.閃耀；閃閃發(fā)光8．fuss/f?s/n．無謂的激動；大驚小怪；小題大做makeafuss(aboutsth)(因某事)大驚小怪9．forbid/f?'bId/vt.(forbade/f?'b?d；f?'beId/，forbidden/f?'bIdn/)禁止；不許forbidsbfrom(doingsth)禁止某人(做某事)10．halt/h??lt/vi.停止vt.阻止n．停止；暫停cometoahalt停止；停滯Ⅳ.背核心短語1．turnsbdown拒絕(某人)2．makefire生火3．giveoff放出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)4．dreamof/about夢想5．a(chǎn)ttheageof在……歲時6．beenthusiasticabout對……充滿熱情7．become/bestuckin陷于8．throwaway扔掉9．managetodosth設(shè)法做成某事10．gofrombadtoworse每況愈下Ⅴ.悟經(jīng)典句式1．BelowaresomeofBlackborow’sdiaryentries.(全部倒裝)以下是布萊克博羅的一些日記摘錄。2．Beforeweabandonedtheship，Shackletoncalmlycalledustogetherandtoldustorescueourmostessentialsupplies—thesmallboats，ourfood，thecookstove，candles，clothes，andblankets.(before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句)在我們棄船之前，沙克爾頓鎮(zhèn)定地把我們召集在一起，告訴我們要搶救最需要的供給品——小船、食物、爐子、蠟燭、衣服和毯子。3．HowcouldIbecomeasselfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees！(as...as...)我怎么能變得像托馬斯·奧德利斯一樣自私和脾氣暴躁呢！4．Itwilleventuallyleadtosuccessaslongasyoupersevere.(aslongas“只要”)只要你堅持，最終就會成功。5．Ifitweren’tforseaanimals，wewouldallstarve.(if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句)要是沒有海洋生物，我們都得挨餓。Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共10分)1．a(chǎn)dversityn．困境；逆境2．expeditionn．探險；遠征；探險隊3．endurancen．忍耐力；耐久力4．motiven．動機；原因；目的5．stewardn．(輪船、飛機或火車上的)乘務(wù)員；服務(wù)員6．crewn．(輪船、飛機等上面的)全體工作人員；專業(yè)團隊；一群人7．cosyadj.溫馨的；舒適的8．voyagen．&vi.航海；航行9．episoden．(人生的)一段經(jīng)歷；(小說的)片段；插曲10．decentadj.相當(dāng)不錯的；正派的；得體的Ⅱ.重點單詞(每小題1.5分，共15分)1．bitteradj.嚴寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的2．sinkvi.沉沒；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉沒3．a(chǎn)bandonvt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄；遺棄4．roughadj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的5．miserableadj.痛苦的；令人難受的6．genuineadj.真正的；真誠的；可信賴的7．candidaten．候選人；應(yīng)試者8．thoroughadj.深入的；徹底的；細致的9．barkvi.&n．(狗)吠叫；吠叫聲；厲聲質(zhì)問10．batn．球拍；蝙蝠vi.&vt.用球板擊球；揮打；拍打Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題2分，共10分)1．a(chǎn)boardadv.&prep.上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)→boardv．上船(火車、飛機、公共汽車等)；寄宿n．木板；董事會；伙食2．envyn．&vt.羨慕；妒忌→enviousadj.忌妒的；羨慕的3．selfishadj.自私的→selfishlyadv.自私地→selfishnessn．自私4．a(chǎn)dvertisingn．廣告活動；廣告業(yè)→advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告→advertisementn．廣告；宣傳5．loyaladj.忠誠的；忠實的→loyaltyn．忠誠；忠實Ⅳ.拔高詞匯(每小題1分，共5分)1．fastenvt.&vi.系牢；扣緊；關(guān)住2．vulnerableadj.易受傷的；脆弱的3．glimpsevt.瞥見；看一眼n．一瞥；短暫的感受4．resemblevt.像；與……相似5．forbidvt.禁止；不許Ⅴ.核心短語(每小題2分，共10分)1．gofrombadtoworse每況愈下2．makefire生火3．managetodosth設(shè)法做成某事4．a(chǎn)ttheageof在……歲時5．beenthusiasticabout對……充滿熱情Ⅰ.詞形變化填空(每小題2分，共20分)1．Thewomanisalwayssoenthusiasticabouthercareerthatmanypeopleareaffectedbyherenthusiasm.(enthusiastic)2．Itfeelsterribletobetreatedcruelly，butthesadtruthisthatthecrueltyisgenerallyignoredbyothers.(cruel)3．Insteadofresolvingtoloseweight，tryapracticalresolution：“I’llstophavingdessertforlunch.”(resolve)4．Fortunately，hewasfortunateenoughtoreceivealargefortunefromhisunclebutunfortunately，hismotherfellill.(fortune)5．Hecommittedhimselftoworkingdayandnightandhiscommitmentwonhimagreatreputation.(commit)6．Heperseveredwithhisviolinlessons.Itwashisperseverancethatenabledhimtobecomeadistinguishedviolinist.(persevere)7．Hehaseducationalqualificationsandhenceheiswellqualifiedforthejobasatutor.(qualify)8.Unfortunately，allhisbelongingshavebeenstolen，sonothingbelongstohim.(belong)9．Undertheguidanceofthequalifiedguide，wetraveledaroundtheplacesofinterestveryhappily.(guide)10．Heassignedmetothedifficultassignment，soIcouldn’twasteanytime.(assign)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題3分，共15分)eq\x(turnsbdown，giveoff，dreamof，bestuckin，throwaway)1．Whatisknowntousallisthatnotgivingoffwastegasisanadvantageofridingbicycles.2．Hispositiveattitudeinspiredmanypeoplewhowerestuckinillness.3．Peoplearerecyclingmanythingsthatwerethrownawayinthepast.4．Theyoungmanwasturneddownbythecompany，whichwasbeyondourwildexpectations.5．Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsofbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題3分，共15分)1．以下是一些你渴望了解的相關(guān)信息，這對你的漢語學(xué)習(xí)可能有很大的幫助。(全部倒裝)Belowissomerelevantinformationyoudesiretoknow，whichcanbeofgreatbenefittoyourChineselearning.2．我們必須給花澆足夠的水，這是很有必要的。(as...as...)Wemustgiveflowersasmuchwaterastheyneed，whichisverynecessary.3．做最終決定前，我將詢問您的建議。(before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句)BeforeImakeafinaldecision，Iwillaskyouforyouradvice.4．只要你采納我的建議，你一定會在北京上大學(xué)期間擁有最難忘的經(jīng)歷。(aslongas)Aslongasyoutakemyadvice，youareboundtohavethemostunforgettableexperienceduringyourcollegeinBeijing.5．如果我是你，我肯定會充分利用時間來提高我的學(xué)業(yè)成績。(if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句)IfIwereyou，Iwouldcertainlymakefulluseofthetimetoimprovemyacademicperformance.Borninawealthyfamily，mynephew，Jack，leadssuchathoroughlydecentandcosylife1.thathehardlymeetswithcrueladversities.Hehasbeendreamingof2.anadventuresincehewasyoung.At18，Jackresolved3.tojoin(join)anexpeditionadvertisedinthenewspaper，buttheleaderturnedhimdownbecausehethoughtJackwasnotqualified.Fullofvigour，Jackneverabandonedhisdreamforhewassoenthusiasticaboutagreatvoyage.4.Fortunately(fortunate)，at19，hejoinedthenavybutwasassignedtobeastewardwithlowwages.Onabittercoldday，thecrewwentaboardamassiveshipboundforAtlanticOcean.Jackwasgenuine，good-temperedandloyalandhewasn’tselfish，either.Heoftenplayedthebanjoforrecreation,5.sopeopleontheshipalllikedhim.Unfortunately，oneday，themotorbrokedownandtheshipgot6.crushed(crush)onahugeiceberg.Whentheshipsank，theirheartsalsosank.Atthattime，thecalmcaptainmadea7.commitment(commit)tosavethemandcommandedthemtothrowawaytheir8.belongings(belong)suchasstoves，blankets，bats，cupboardsandotherpiecesoffurniture.Finally，theywerefortunateenoughtoescapetheship.9.Itwastheirendurance，resolutionandperseverancethathelpedthemsurvive.Onthedistantisland，Jackmanagedtomakefirewithanimalfat，whichgaveoffasmellysmellandthenhecookedseaanimals.Onemonthlater，theyweresavedbyapassingship.Insummary，ithasbeenamiserablebut10.unforgettable(forgettable)episodeinJack’slife.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯qualifiedadj.符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學(xué)歷等)(qualifyv．使有資格qualificationn．資格；學(xué)歷)·bequalifiedfor/todosth有……的資格/有資格做某事·qualifysbforsth/todosth使某人有資格做某事·havethequalificationfor/todosth有……的資格/有資格做某事(1)Nowthatyouhavegainedyourteachingqualification，Iamsureyouwillbequalifiedforthejobtheyadvertisedonthenewspaper.(qualify)(2)我參加過幾個類似的活動，使我能勝任這個志愿者工作。(應(yīng)用文寫作之申請信)Ihavetakenpartinseveralsimilaractivities，whichwillqualifymeforthevoluntarywork.(3)我的英語很好，我確信我可以勝任這份工作。(應(yīng)用文寫作之申請信)HavingagoodcommandofEnglish，I’mconfidentthatIwillbequalifiedforthejob/havethequalificationfor/todothejob.enthusiasticadj.熱情的；熱心的(enthusiasticallyadv.熱情地；熱心地enthusiasmn．熱情；熱忱)·beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth對(做)某事有熱情·lack/befullofenthusiasm缺乏/充滿熱情withenthusiasm(＝enthusiastically)熱情地(1)Theylistenedwithgreatinterestandthenenthusiastically(enthusiastic)joinedingrandconversationsaboutHarry’sadventures.(2)我不僅充滿熱情而且容易相處，這使得我能勝任報紙上所刊登的志愿者工作。(申請信之個人優(yōu)勢)Iamnotonlyfullofenthusiasmbutalsoeasytogetalong/onwith，whichmakesmequalifiedforthevoluntaryworkadvertisedinthenewspaper.(3)得知您對中國傳統(tǒng)文化充滿熱情，我寫信邀請您參加一場關(guān)于儒家思想的講座。(應(yīng)用文寫作之邀請信)LearningthatyouareenthusiasticabouttraditionalChineseculture，IamwritingtoinviteyoutoalectureonConfucianism.aboard.adv&prep.上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)[boardvt.&vi.上船(或火車、飛機、公共汽車等)n．木板；董事會；伙食broadadj.寬闊的；廣闊的abroadadv.在/到國外；在/到海外]·goaboard上船(飛機、公共汽車等)·onboard在船(火車、飛機、公共汽車等)上·goabroad出國(1)他身材高大，肩膀?qū)掗煟糁樱偸菨M面笑容。(讀后續(xù)寫之外貌描寫)Heistallwithbroadshouldersandabeardandalwayswearsabroadsmile.(2)得知你將去國外深造，我寫信告知你一些必要的注意事項。(應(yīng)用文寫作之告知信)Learningthatyouwillgoabroadforfurtherstudy，I’mwritingtoinformyouofsomenecessarydosanddon’ts.(3)他們在上火車前已經(jīng)互相道別，但這位母親一直在向車上的女兒揮手，直到火車消失。Theyhadsaidgoodbyetoeachotherbeforegoingaboard/boardingthetrain，butthemotherkeptwavinghandstoherdaughteronboarduntilthetrainwentoutofsight.envyn．&vt.羨慕；妒忌(enviousadj.忌妒的；羨慕的)·withenvy羨慕地；忌妒地greenwithenvy忌妒得眼紅；十分羨慕/忌妒·envysb(doing)sth羨慕/妒忌某人(做)某事·beenviousof羨慕；妒忌(1)Hesaidwithenvy，“Iamenvious(envy)ofyou，becauseyouareleadingsuchacosyanddecentlife.”(2)老實說，我真羨慕你獲得了優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生的稱號，我應(yīng)該向你學(xué)習(xí)。Honestlyspeaking，IdoenvyyougettingthetitleoftheExcellentGraduateandIshouldfollowyourexample.(3)我的侄子是一個充滿活力和毅力的年輕人，對此我非常羨慕。Mynephewisayoungmanfullofvigourandperseverance，forwhichIamgreenwithenvy.abandonvt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄；遺棄n．放任；放縱(abandonedadj.被遺棄的；放縱的)·abandononeselfto(doing)sth沉湎于(做)某事；縱情于(做)某事abandondoingsth放棄做某事·withabandon放縱地；放任地·beabandonedto(doing)sth沉湎于(做)某事(1)Unfortunately，thecrewabandonedcarrying(carry)outtheexperimentforlackoffund.(2)你沉湎于過去的輝煌是不明智的，你應(yīng)該記住，不進則退。Itisunwiseofyoutoabandonyourselfto/beabandonedtothepastglory，andyoushouldkeepinmindthatnottoadvanceistogoback.(3)我們放縱地唱歌、跳舞、大笑，忘卻了生活中的煩惱。(讀后續(xù)寫之情感描寫)Wesang，danced，andlaughedwithabandon，forgettingthetroublesinourlives.resolvevi.&vt.決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)n．決心；堅定的信念(resolutionn．決議；解決；堅定)·resolvetodosth決定做某事·makearesolution(todosth)下定決心(做某事)(1)Generally，theolderyouare，themorelikelyyouwillcometoaresolution(resolve)afteranargument.(2)文化遺產(chǎn)代表我們祖先的智慧，因此我們國家已經(jīng)決定不遺余力地保護它們。(話題寫作之文化遺產(chǎn)與保護)Culturalrelicsrepresentthewisdomofourancestors，soourcountryhasresolvedtosparenoefforttoprotectthem.(3)為了解決沖突，我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會多溝通，設(shè)身處地為他人著想。(話題寫作之人際溝通)Toresolveconflicts，weshouldlearntocommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’place.(4)老人決定，死后要把所有的財產(chǎn)都贈送給那些被遺棄的孩子們。Theoldmanhadmadearesolution/resolvedthathewouldgiveawayallhisbelongingstotheabandonedchildrenafterhisdeath.as...as...HowcouldIbecomeasselfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees！我怎么能變得像托馬斯·奧德利斯一樣自私和脾氣暴躁呢！as...as...意為“和……一樣……”，表示同級比較。其中第一個as為副詞，第二個as為連詞或介詞。其基本用法為：as＋adj./adv.＋as...，還有如下用法：·否定式：notas/so＋adj./adv.＋as...·倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.＋as...·asmuch/many＋名詞＋as...(1)他和我一樣勤奮，因此，他已取得了和我一樣大的進步。Heisashard-workingasme，sohehasmadeasmuchprogressasme.(2)在我看來，這本書沒有你認為的那么有趣。AsfarasIamconcerned，thebookisnotas/sointerestingasyouthink.(3)我們投入的時間和精力是其他同學(xué)的兩倍，所以我深信老師們會高度評價我們的項目。(2022·浙江1月，讀后續(xù)寫)Wedevotedtwiceasmuchtimeandenergyasotherstudentsdid，soIwasgreatlyconvincedthatourprojectwouldbehighlythoughtofbyourteachers.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．roughA.洶涌的；風(fēng)浪很大的B.崎嶇的C.粗略的D.艱難的E.粗魯?shù)?1)Ican’ttoleratesailinginroughsea.A(2)ThewesternhalfoftheU．S.wasfullofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame，witharoughnumberof50,000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.(2023·全國甲)C(3)Idon’tknowhowtoreleasethepressureinsucharoughtime.D(4)Theiceontheroughroadhasmeltedanditissafetodriveonitnow.B(5)Heissucharoughchildthathedoesn’tbehavehimself.E2．bittereq\x(A.痛苦的B.激烈的C.寒冷的；刺骨的D.味苦的E.憤憤不平的)(1)Sheisverybitteraboutlosingherjob.E(2)I’velearntfrombitterexperiencenottotrustwhathesays.A(3)Outside，abittereastwindisaccompaniedbyflurriesofsnow.C(4)TraditionalChinesemedicineusuallytastesbitterandishardtoswallow.D(5)Withnoonetoresolvetheirdispute，thetwosidesarelockedintoabitterconflict.B3．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的漢語意思(1)Tomysadness，mysonwasabandonedtoplayingonlinegames.沉湎于(2)Shewassincereandgenuineinherwishtomakeupforherformermistakes.真誠的(3)Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.洗滌槽，水槽(4)Boilingwithextremeanger，hebarkedaseriesofquestionsathiscrew.厲聲質(zhì)問Ⅱ.核心知識強化練——鞏固語言知識1．Myheartsank/sunk(sink)whenIwasinformedthatmymoderatereformsendedupinfailure.2．WhenIsubmittedtheregulationsIdesignedtomyboss，heturnedmedownimmediately.3.Dozensofworkersarequalified(qualify)fortheirjobsintheinternationalfirm.4．Ourmonitorisenthusiasticaboutcreatingaharmoniouscampusandheoftenlaunchessomecampaignstopromoteit.5．Thesepolicieswillbeabandoned(abandon)becauseoffinancialproblemsnextyear.6．Wehaveresolvedtoreduce(reduce)ourcarbonfootprintbyrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.7．Fortunately(fortunate)，Isucceededinseizingthispreciouschancetobeavolunteerintheactivity.8．IpromisethatIwillbeloyaltotheenterpriseandIwillneverquitmyjob.9．Ridingbicyclesbenefitstheenvironmentalconservationbecausetheywon’tgiveoffwastegases.10．Theenterpriseshavethoroughly(thorough)implementedwhattheyhavepromisedtothepublic.假如你是李華，向某英文報紙《偉人介紹》欄目投稿。簡要介紹英國極地探險家——歐內(nèi)斯特·沙克爾頓ErnestShackleton1874－1922。其主要成就如下：英國極地探險家，曾帶領(lǐng)英國探險隊三次前往南極洲，是南極探險英雄時代的主要人物之一。在他第三次帶領(lǐng)探險隊奔赴南極探險時，他與“堅忍號”的船員們在極地700多天的求生經(jīng)歷，創(chuàng)造了20世紀一次偉大的生還奇跡。完成句子1．歐內(nèi)斯特·沙克爾頓是一位偉大的極地探險家，他對極地探險充滿熱情，一生帶領(lǐng)英國探險隊三次前往南極洲。(beenthusiasticabout；定語從句)2．以下是他的一些探險經(jīng)歷和成就。(全部倒裝句)3．他的第三次南極探險是一個非凡的奇跡。(as...as...)4．面對嚴峻的極地條件，他沒有放棄他的團隊，堅定地帶領(lǐng)他們走出困境。(abandon；resolve)5．如果沒有他的英明領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，他和他的團隊就不會在極地待了700多天后還能活下來。(if引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句)組句成篇把以上句子用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞語和過渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。參考范文ErnestShackletonwasagreatpolarexplorerwhohadbeenenthusiasticaboutpolarexplorationandledthreeBritishexpeditionstotheAntarcticthroughouthislife.Belowaresomeofhisexpeditionexperiencesandachievements.HewasoneoftheleadingfiguresduringtheHeroicAgeofAntarcticExploration.HisthirdexpeditiontotheAntarcticwasasextraordinaryasagreatmiracle.Facedwithtoughpolarconditions，hedidn’tabandonhisteamandfirmlyresolvedtoleadthemtogooutofdifficulty.Iftherehadn’tbeenhiswiseleadership，heandhisteamwouldn’thavesurvivedaftermorethan700daysinthepolarregion.Iwasinspiredbyhisspirit，realizingthatwemusthavecourageandperseverancewhenfacinganydifficulties.教材語料整合亮詞[情感描寫]bitteradj.→bitterlyadv.；enthusiasticadj.→enthusiasticallyadv.；envyn．/v.→enviousadj.；miserable；decent；cosy；selfish；good/bad-tempered；genuine；resolvev．→resolutionn．；crueladj.→crueltyn．；loyaladj.→loyaltyn．；commitmentn．→committedadj.[動作描寫]turnsbdown；assign；sink；abandon；voyage；persevere；bark；bat；makefire；giveoff美句1.Attheageof19，Iamfitandfullofvigour.(人物描寫)2.Andwhentheshipsank，ourheartssankwithit.(情感描寫)3.Theirgenuineconcernforothers，theirperseverance，andtheirresolvefillmewithhope.(排比)4.Wefeltsoaloneanddesperate.(情感描寫)5.Ifitweren’tforseaanimals，wewouldallstarve.(虛擬語氣)6.Whenwewerefinallyrescued，wefeltsuchreliefandjoythatmanyofuscouldnothideourtears.(情感描寫)7.OuroptimismandfaithinShackletonhadhelpeduspersevereinstayingalive.(主旨升華)拓展語料積累動作細節(jié)描寫：“動胳膊”單詞hugv．/n.擁抱；wavev．揮舞(手臂)；raisev．舉起，抬起詞塊waveone’sarms揮動雙臂；foldone’sarms某人雙臂交叉；holdout/openone’sarms某人伸出/張開雙臂；pull/gathersbintoone’sarms把某人拉/抱在懷中；put/throwone’sarmsaroundsb摟住某人；takeone’sarm挽住某人的胳膊；catch/grabone’sarm抓住某人的胳膊；withcrossedarms雙臂交叉；arminarm手挽手，臂挽臂句型1.Hestoodtherewithcrossedarms，lookingangry.他雙臂交叉站在那里，看起來很生氣。2.Theyaresuretowelcomeyouwithopenarms.他們一定會張開雙臂歡迎你的。3.Walkinginfrontofusweretwocutetwinsisters，arminarm.走在我們面前的是兩個可愛的雙胞胎姐妹，手挽著手。4.Stunned，Istoodupandgaveheranawkwardhug/huggedherinanawkwardway.我很驚訝，站起來尷尬地擁抱了她。5.HeparkeddownthestreetfromBobby’shouse，andrushedtohisfrontdoor，wavingwildlyinwards.他把車停在鮑比家的街上，沖到前門，瘋狂地向里揮手。語料運用野外探險遭遇TomandMarywereayoungcouple①whowereenthusiasticaboutwildexploration(定語從句)．Onedaywhengoingthroughathickjungle，thewife，Marygotseriouslyinjuredintheankle.Worsestill，itbegantorain.Atfirst，②TomtookMary’sarm，tryingtosupportheralongtheway，butsoontheyfounditdidn’twork.Thepainwassointense③thattheyhadtoabandontheirplan.Whentherainbecameheavierandthesunwassetting，④theirheartalsobegantosink.⑤Bitterandfrightened(形容詞短語作狀語)，Maryalmostbrokedown.Tomtriedtocomforther，⑥throwinghisarmsaroundhiswifegently(分詞短語作狀語)．TightlygrabbingTom’sarm，Marygraduallycalmeddownand⑦resolvedtofacethedifficultybravely.Fortunately，theymanagedtocalltherangersbeforelosingsignal.Whattheyshoulddonextwasto⑧makesomefiretoavoidbeingfrozentodeathonsuchabitternight.Afterwards，theyhadnothingtodobutwaitpatiently.⑨Gatheringhiswifeintohisarms，Tomheardsomeroarsofhelicopter.Heimmediatelyrosetohisfeetand⑩wavedhisarmsviolently，shoutingloudly“Help！Help！”inextremeexcitement.湯姆和瑪麗是一對熱衷于野外探險的年輕夫婦。一天，在穿過茂密的叢林時，妻子瑪麗的腳踝受了重傷。更糟糕的是，天開始下雨了。起初，湯姆挽著瑪麗的胳膊，試圖一路扶著她走，但很快他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這不管用。瑪麗的腳太疼了他們不得不放棄他們的計劃。當(dāng)雨下得更大，太陽落山時，他們的心也開始下沉。瑪麗又痛苦又害怕，幾乎崩潰了。湯姆溫柔地摟著妻子試圖安慰她。瑪麗緊緊抓住湯姆的胳膊，漸漸平靜下來，決心勇敢地面對困難。幸運的是，他們設(shè)法在失去信號之前給護林員打了電話。他們接下來應(yīng)該做的是生火，以免在這樣一個寒冷的夜晚被凍死。之后，他們只能耐心等待。湯姆把妻子抱在懷里，聽到了直升機的轟鳴聲。他立即站起來，猛烈地揮舞著手臂，極度激動地大聲喊道：“救命！救命！”高考題型組合練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A★There’sanotheruniversenotfarfromland.Itlacksbuildings，trees，cars，cellphonesandtheInternet.Seeminglylimitlesswaterextendsuninterruptedlyinalldirections.Civilizationgoesaway，alongwithanysignofhumanity.AnditiswhyI’mreallyintosailing.Igrewuparoundboats.Myfatherlikedsailingandbuiltthem.MyoldersisterandIwerestuffedintoacarnearlyeverysummerweekenduntilmylateteenstomakethetripfromnortheastIndianatothesouthshoreofLakeErieinOhio，whereTalismanbuiltbymyfatherwaitedpatientlythroughtheweek.Asakid，IreadtheadventuresofRobinLeeGraham，atravellerexploringtheseaalone，inthepagesofNationalGeographicand，later，inGraham’sbook，Dove.However，itwasn’tuntilabout20yearsago，wellintomyadulthood，thatItookupsailinginaseriousway.I’vemadevoyagesinfairandstormyweather，onmyownboatsandthoseofmyfriends，andrangingfromnearshoredaysailstoblue-waterpassages.Still，I’vemadeplentyofmistakes.WhilelivinginAsia，asailingfriendandIsetoffacrosstheSouthChinaSeaandintendedtogettoThailand，onlytobepushedbyalate-seasontyphoonthatforcedustomakelandfallinVietnam，gladtobealive.Yearslater，mywifeandIlivedaboardour37-footship，Symbiosis，whilewesavedenoughtotakeatwo-yearleavefromourjobstojourneydowntheU．S.AtlanticcoastandthroughtheBahamasandtheCaribbean.Wevisitedmanyplacesthatneverseeshipsorairplanesandthatarenearlyimpossibletoreachanywayotherthanatthehelm(舵柄)ofasmallboat.Butboatsareexpensiveandtime-consuming.AfterreturningfromtheCaribbeanafewyearsago，wedecidedtosellSymbiosis，resolvinginsteadtosailonly“otherpeople’sboats”．Itdidn’tlast，though.Afewmonthsago，wefoundagooddealonasmallersailboat—easiertomaintainbutstillcapableofsomeshortoffshorejourneys.Ithinkwe’llnameherTalisman.eq\x(語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己對航海的熱愛。)1．Whatwouldtheauthordoonsummerweekendsasakid?A．HewouldhelphisfatherbuildTalisman.B．Hewouldsailwithhisfatherandhissister.C．HewouldexplorenortheastIndianainacar.D．Hewouldbringhumancivilizationtosailing.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Myfatherlikedsailingandbuiltthem.MyoldersisterandIwerestuffedintoacarnearlyeverysummerweekenduntilmylateteenstomakethetripfromnortheastIndianatothesouthshoreofLakeErieinOhio...throughtheweek.”可知，作者小時候會在夏天的周末與父親和妹妹一起航海。故選B。2．WhatcanwelearnaboutthebookDove?A．Ithassomethingtodowithexploringthesea.B．ItwaspublishedinNationalGeographic.C．ItisthemostfamousworkbyGraham.D．Itwasaninspirationfortheauthor’swriting.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Asakid，IreadtheadventuresofRobinLeeGraham，atravellerexploringtheseaalone，inthepagesofNationalGeographicand，later，inGraham’sbook，Dove.”可推斷，這本書與海上探索有關(guān)。故選A。3．WhydidtheauthorsellhisshipSymbiosis?A．Itdidn’tfunctionwell.B．Hecouldn’taffordtomaintainit.C．Hefoundabetteronetoreplaceit.D．Itwasdamagedseriouslyduringastorm.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Butboatsareexpensiveandtime-consuming.AfterreturningfromtheCaribbeanafewyearsago，wedecidedtosellSymbiosis，resolvinginsteadtosailonly‘otherpeople’sboats’．”可知，Symbiosis既昂貴又耗時。由此可知，作者付不起保養(yǎng)的錢。故選B。4．Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowhispassionforsailingboats.B．Tostresstheinfluenceofadventuresonhim.C．Todiscusstheproblemsofsailingonthesea.D．Tosharehissuccessinexploringtheworld.答案A解析寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段中“AnditiswhyI’mreallyintosailing.”和下文的描述可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是通過記敘自己的過往，展現(xiàn)出對航海的熱愛。故選A。BTheWorldEconomicForumpredictstheglobalpopulationwillhit9.8billionby2050，whichmeanswemightneedtogrowasmuchasdoubletheamountoffoodwedotodayanddoitwithoutsignificantlyconsuminglimitedresourcessuchaslandandwater.Buttherearereasonstobepositive.Historically，humanintelligencehasrisentothepopulationchallenge.8,000yearsagointhefirstagriculturalrevolution，theplough(犁)transformedproductivity.Inthe1800s，inventionssuchastheseeddrillbroughtadegreeofmechanizationtofarming.Then，inthemid-20thcentury，thereweremajorbreakthroughsinartificialfertilizerandplantscience.Now，weareenteringafourthageofagriculture.Innovationisexploding.Thedigitaltransformationofagricultureisnottheory.It’sreal.Andit’shavingahugeimpactacrossallaspectsoffarming.InApril2020，Chinesedrone(無人機)makerXAGorganizedariceseedingdemonstrationinGuangdongProvince.First，itinvitedtwoworkerstospread5kgofriceseedsthetraditionalwaybywadingacross1,200squaremetresofwaterloggedfield.Thelaboriousprocesstook25minutes.Thenitunleashed(釋放)itsXAGXPlanetdroneonthesametask.Theunmannedaerialsystemfollowedapre-programmedrouteandthrewriceseedsfromtheair.Itcompletedthejobin120seconds.XAGclaimsitssystemcanuseupto90percentlesswaterand30percentfewerchemicalsthantraditionaltechnique.Barcelona-basedstartupFaromaticshasalsoattractedalotofattentionforitsEU-fundedinvention：arobotcalledtheChickenBoy.Itletschickenfarmersautonomouslymonitortheirstock.Therobotglidesalongtheceilingandusesasetofsensorstomeasuretemperature，airquality，lightandsoundinpoultryhousing.FarmerscanuseacloudplatformtosettheChickenBoytosendmobilealerts.Thetaskoffeeding9.8billionmouthsby2050isoneofthegreatestfacinghumanity，butthankstotechnology，thereisgoodreasontobeconfidentforthefuture.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是預(yù)計到2050年世界人口要達到98億，要養(yǎng)活這些人是人類面臨的最重大的任務(wù)之一，但智能農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展使人類有充分的理由對未來充滿信心。5．Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?A．Toexpresstheauthor’sconfidenceinthehumanwisdom.B．Totellussomechallengesintheagriculturaldevelopment.C．Toshowusthepresentsituationoftheworldfoodshortage.D．Tocallonthegovernmenttotakesomeeffectivemeasures.答案A解析寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Buttherearereasonstobepositive.Historically，humanintelligencehasrisentothepopulationchallenge.”可推知，第二段是為了表達作者對人類的智慧充滿信心。故選A項。6．WhatistheadvantageofXAGXPlanetdrone?A．Itsavesmoremoneythanthemanualseeding.B．It’smoreefficientandenvironmentallyfriendly.C．Itcanrapidlyreducewastageandimproveyields.D．Ithelpsfarmersmakebetterdecisionsaboutseeding.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Itcompletedthejobin120seconds.XAGclaimsitssystemcanuseupto90percentlesswaterand30percentfewerchemicalsthantraditionaltechnique.”可知，XAGXPlanet無人機的用時很短，比傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)省水，而且使用的化學(xué)物質(zhì)更少，由此可知，XAGXPlanet無人機效率高而且環(huán)保。故選B項。7．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheChickenBoy?A．Itssystemneedstobeimproved.B．Itaimstoattractfarmers’attention.C．Itwasinventedbyachickenfarmer.D．Ithelpsfarmerslookafterthechicken.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Therobotglidesalongtheceilingandusesasetofsensorstomeasuretemperature，airquality，lightandsoundinpoultryhousing.FarmerscanuseacloudplatformtosettheChickenBoytosendmobilealerts.”可知，機器人可監(jiān)測家禽房內(nèi)的溫度、空氣質(zhì)量、光線和聲音，而農(nóng)民只需要使用云平臺對ChickenBoy進行操作。由此推知，ChickenBoy幫助農(nóng)民照顧家禽。故選D項。8．Whatdoes“humanintelligence”refertointhepassage?A．Smartfarming.B．Agriculturalrevolution.C．Plantscience.D．Artificialintelligence.答案A解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段和第三段“Now，weareenteringafourthageofagriculture.Innovationisexploding.Thedigitaltransformationofagricultureisnottheory.It’sreal.Andit’shavingahugeimpactacrossallaspectsoffarm