PAGEPAGE27浙江省新高考探討聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)尖子生學(xué)程模擬檢測(cè)試題（含解析）留意事項(xiàng)：1．本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）。滿分為150分，考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。2．請(qǐng)用黑色簽字筆將學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、考號(hào)分別填寫在答題卷和答題卡的相應(yīng)位置上。第I卷（選擇題部分）第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分030分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Inthepostoffice.C.Inthestreet.2.WhatdidCarldo?A.Hedesignedamedal.B.HefixedaTVset.C.Hetookatest.3.Whatdoesthemando?A.He’satailor.B.He’sawaiter.C.He’sashopassistant.4.Whenwilltheflightarrive?A.At18:20.B.At18:35.C.At18:50.5.Howcanthemanimprovehisarticle?A.Bydeletingunnecessarywords.B.Byaddingacoupleofpoints.C.Bycorrectinggrammarmistakes.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesBilloftendoonFridaynight?A.Visithisparents.B.Gotothemovies.C.WalkalongBroadway.7.Whowatchesmusicalplaysmostoften?A.Bill.B.Sarah.C.Bill’sparents.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhydoesDavidwanttospeaktoMike?A.Toinvitehimtoaparty.B.Todiscussaschedule.C.Tocalloffameeting.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A.Theyarecolleagues.B.Theyareclosefriends.C.They’venevermetbefore.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatkindofcameradoesthemanwant?A.ATVcamera.B.Avideocamera.C.Amoviecamera.11.Whichfunctionisthemanmostinterestedin?A.Underwaterfilming.B.Alargememory.C.Auto-focus.12.Howmuchwouldthemanpayforthesecondcamera?A.950euros.B.650euros.C.470euros.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhoisClifford?A.Alittlegirl.B.Theman’spet.C.Afictionalcharacter.14.WhosuggestedthatNormanpaintforchildren’sbooks?A.Hiswife.B.Elizabeth.C.Apublisher.15.WhatisNorman’sstorybasedon?A.Abook.B.Apainting.C.Ayoungwoman.16.WhatisitthatshockedNorman?A.Hisunexpectedsuccess.B.Hiseffortsmadeinvain.C.Hiseditor’sdisagreement.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whowouldliketomakesmalltalkaccordingtothespeaker?A.Relatives.B.Strangers.C.Visitors.18.Whydopeoplehavesmalltalk?A.Toexpressopinions.B.Toavoidarguments.C.Toshowfriendliness.19.Whichofthefollowingisafrequenttopicinsmalltalk?A.Politics.B.Movies.C.Salaries.20.Whatdoesthespeakerrecommendattheendofhislecture?A.Askingopen-endedquestions.B.Feelingfreetochangetopics.C.Makingsmalltalkinteresting.其次部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)：（共15個(gè)小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AForty-threeyearsseemslikealongtimetorememberthenameofamereacquaintance.Ihaveforgottenthenameofanoldladywhowasacustomeronmypaperroute.Yetitseemslikejustyesterdaythatshetaughtmealessoninforgiveness.OnaSaturdayafternoon,afriendandIwerethrowingrocksontotheroofoftheoldlady’shouse.Theobjectofourplaywastoobservehowtherockschangedtomissiles(導(dǎo)彈)astheyrolledtotheroof’sedgeandshotoutintotheyardlikecomets(彗星)fallingfromthesky.Ifoundmyselfaperfectlysmoothrockandsentitforaride.However,itslippedfrommyhandasIletitgoandheadedstraightforasmallwindow.Atthesoundofcrashedglass,weknewwewereintroubleandranaway.Afewdayslater,whenIwassurethatIhadn’tbeendiscovered,Istartedtofeelguiltyforhermisfortune.ShestillgreetedmewithasmileeachdaywhenIgaveherthepaper,butIwasnolongerabletoactcomfortablyinherpresence.Imadeupmymindtosavemypaperdeliverymoney,andinthreeweeksIhadthesevendollarsthatIcalculatedwouldcoverthecostofherwindow.Iputthemoneyinanenvelopewithanote,andputtheenvelopethroughtheletterslotinherdoor.Thenextday,IhandedtheoldladyherpaperandwasabletoreturnthewarmsmilethatIwasreceivingfromher.Shethankedmeforthepaperandsaid,“Here,Ihavesomethingforyou.”Itwasabagofcookies.IthankedherandbegantoeatthecookiesasIcontinuedmyroute.Afterseveralcookies,Ifeltanenvelopeandpulleditoutofthebag.WhenIopenedtheenvelope,Iwassurprised.Insidewerethesevendollarsandashortnotethatsaid,“I’mproudofyou.”1.Whatwastheauthorforty-threeyearsago?A.Ateacher. B.Aresearcher. C.Adeliveryboy. D.Arepairman.2.Wecanlearnfromthetextthattheauthor_______.A.brokethewindowbymistake B.avoidedtheoldladyforseveraldaysC.actedasusualafterbreakingthewindow D.feltguiltythemomenthebrokethewindow3.Theoldladywrote“I’mproudofyou”becauseshethoughttheauthorwasbraveenough______.A.todoexperimentswithsmoothrocksB.toearnmoneytosupporthisownlifeC.toadmithisownmistakeandmakeupforitD.toputanenvelopewithanotethroughtheletterslot【答案】1.C2.A3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了作者小時(shí)候在玩耍的時(shí)候，誤把自己送報(bào)紙的老太太家的窗戶撞碎并逃跑，到最終擔(dān)當(dāng)錯(cuò)誤，并得到老太太的寬恕和贊揚(yáng)的故事，給作者上了一課，讓作者記憶猶新。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Forty-threeyearsseemslikealongtimetorememberthenameofamereacquaintance.Ihaveforgottenthenameofanoldladywhowasacustomeronmypaperroute.”（要記住一個(gè)僅僅相識(shí)的人的名字，43年好像是一段很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。我忘了我給送報(bào)紙的一位老太太的名字了。）由此可知43年前，作者是一個(gè)送報(bào)紙的小孩。故選C。2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Ifoundmyselfaperfectlysmoothrockandsentitforaride.However,itslippedfrommyhandasIletitgoandheadedstraightforasmallwindow.Atthesoundofcrashedglass,weknewwewereintroubleandranaway.”（我給自己找了一塊特別光滑的石頭，把它扔了出去。然而，當(dāng)我把它放開(kāi)時(shí)，它卻從我手中滑落，徑直朝一個(gè)小窗口飛去。一聽(tīng)到玻璃撞碎的聲音，我們知道有麻煩了，就跑開(kāi)了。）由此可知，作者誤把窗戶撞碎，故選A。【3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)上文“Imadeupmymindtosavemypaperdeliverymoney,andinthreeweeksIhadthesevendollarsthatIcalculatedwouldcoverthecostofherwindow.Iputthemoneyinanenvelopewithanote,andputtheenvelopethroughtheletterslotinherdoor.”（我確定把送報(bào)紙的錢存起來(lái)，三個(gè)星期后，我就有了七美元，據(jù)我計(jì)算，這七美元足夠買她的窗戶了。我把錢和一張紙條放在一個(gè)信封里，然后把信封從她家門口的信槽里塞了進(jìn)去。）由此可知作者撞碎老太太的玻璃后，存錢賠償，老太太認(rèn)為作者敢于承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤并進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償，因此覺(jué)得作者特別英勇，故選C。【點(diǎn)睛】一般定位關(guān)鍵詞適用于解答細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)定位關(guān)鍵詞解題，考生在閱讀題干時(shí)，把題干中有標(biāo)記意義的詞或詞組標(biāo)記出來(lái)，或者選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后用這個(gè)詞回到原文當(dāng)中定位。如小題1題干中的forty-threeyearsago，回到原文，可以幫助快速找出答案，故選C。BMydaybeganonadefinitelysournotewhenIsawmysix-year-oldwrestlingwithalimbofmyazalea（杜鵑花）bush.BythetimeIgotoutside,he’dbrokenit.“CanItakethistoschooltoday?”heasked.Withawaveofmyhand,Isenthimoff.Iturnedmybacksohewouldn’tseethetearsgatheringinmyeyes.Thewashingmachinehadleakedonmybrand-newlinoleum.IfonlymyhusbandhadjusttakenthetimetofixitthenightbeforewhenIaskedhiminsteadofplayingcheckerswithJonathan.Itwasdayslikethisthatmademewanttoquit.Ijustwantedtodriveuptothemountains,hideinacave,andnevercomeout.SomehowIspentmostofthedaywashinganddryingclothesandthinkinghowlovehaddisappearedfrommylife.AsIfinishedhangingupthelastofmyhusband’sshirts,Ilookedattheclock.2:30.Iwaslate.Jonathan’sclassletoutat2:15andIhurriedlydrovetotheschool.IwasoutofbreathbythetimeIknockedontheteacher’sdoorandpeeredthroughtheglass.Sherustledthroughthedoorandtookmeaside.“IwanttotalktoyouaboutJonathan,”shesaid.Ipreparedmyselffortheworst.Nothingwouldhavesurprisedme.“DidyouknowJonathanbroughtflowerstoschooltoday?”sheasked.Inodded,thinkingaboutmyfavoritebushandtryingtohidethehurtinmyeyes.“Letmetellyouaboutyesterday,”theteacherinsisted.“Seethatlittlegirl?”Iwatchedthebright-eyedchildlaughandpointtoacolorfulpicturetapedtothewall.Inodded.“Well,yesterdayshewasalmosthysterical.Hermotherandfatheraregoingthroughanastydivorce.Shetoldmeshedidn’twanttolive,shewishedshecoulddie.Iwatchedthatlittlegirlburyherfaceinherhandsandsayloudenoughfortheclasstohear,‘Nobodylovesme.’IdidallIcouldtocomforther,butitonlyseemedtomakemattersworse.”“IthoughtyouwantedtotalktomeaboutJonathan,”Isaid.“Ido,”shesaid,touchingthesleeveofmyblouse.“Todayyoursonwalkedstraightovertothatchild.Iwatchedhimhandhersomeprettypinkflowersandwhisper,‘Iloveyou.’“Ifeltmyheartswellwithprideforwhatmysonhaddone.Ismiledattheteacher.“Thankyou,”Isaid,reachingforJonathan’shand,“you’vemademyday.”Laterthatevening,Ibeganpullingweedsfromaroundmyazaleabush.AsmymindwanderedbacktotheloveJonathanshowedthelittlegirl,abiblicalversecametome:“...thesethreeremain:faith,hopeandlove.Butthegreatestoftheseislove.”Whilemysonhadputloveintopractice,Ihadonlyfeltanger.Iheardthefamiliarsqueakofmyhusband’sbrakesashepulledintothedrive.Isnappedasmalllimbbristlingwithhotpinkazaleasoffthebush.IfelttheseedoflovethatGodplantedinmyfamilybeginningtobloomonceagaininme.Myhusband’seyeswidenedinsurpriseasIhandedhimtheflowers.“Iloveyou,”Isaid.4.Whydidthewomancrywhenseeinghersonhadbrokentheazaleabush?A.Becauseshecouldnottoleratetheharmtoit.B.Becauseitmadeherbadmoodevenworse.C.Becausehersondidnotaskherforpermission.D.Becauseshewantedtohandittoherhusband.5.Thewriterwantedtohideinthemountaincaveprobablyforthereasonof.A.feelingfedupwithherendlessdailyhouseworkB.herhusband’sfailingtofixthemachineintimeC.boringdailyroutinewithafeelingoflackofloveD.herhopingtoseekhappinessinabrandnewplace6.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthewriterexpressedlovetoherhusbandinthat.A.shewasinspiredbyhersonthatlovewassupposedtobefeltandpracticedB.shefeltguiltythatshemisunderstoodherhusbandandwantedtoapologizeC.shefeltitnecessarytohaveacompletefamilyforthehappinessofherselfD.shewantedtoproveherloveandexpectedthesamewordsfromherhusband【答案】4.B5.C6.A【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹作者因?yàn)槊刻斓娜粘，嵤潞腿狈?ài)，對(duì)生活失去信念，甚至想躲到山上去，但是兒子的一個(gè)做法，讓作者受到感染和激發(fā)，決心讓愛(ài)重新出現(xiàn)在她的家。【4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從第一段的句子MydaybeganonadefinitelysournotewhenIsawmysix-year-oldwrestlingwithalimbofmyazalea（杜鵑花）bush.可知作者這一天起先就很糟，兒子又將她的杜鵑花破壞了，所以她難受的哭了。故選B【5題詳解】推理推斷題。從第四段的句子SomehowIspentmostofthedaywashinganddryingclothesandthinkinghowlovehaddisappearedfrommylife.可知作者想躲到山洞里，因?yàn)槊刻斓娜粘，嵤潞腿狈?ài)。故選C。【6題詳解】推理推斷題。從最終一段的句子IfelttheseedoflovethatGodplantedinmyfamilybeginningtobloomonceagaininme.Myhusband’seyeswidenedinsurpriseasIhandedhimtheflowers.“Iloveyou,”Isaid.可知作者受到兒子做法的啟發(fā)，知道愛(ài)應(yīng)當(dāng)被感受到和實(shí)踐。故選A。CWorkingfromashadybalconyoverlookingavastsea,withfive-starrestaurantsandgolfcourseswithineasyreach:whatbetterplacecouldtherebetowhileawaythepandemic(疫情)thanBarbados?LikemostofitsCaribbeanneighbours,BarbadoshasbeengoodatkeepingCOVID-19out.Normallytourismbringsinmorethanhalfofitsforeignearnings.Now,manytouristsarebannedandtheeconomyisdeclining.Thetourismminister,KerrieSymmonds,putsunemploymentatcloseto40%.Theprimeminister,MiaMottleyintendstointroducea“WelcomeStamp”forvisitorsto“workremotelyinparadise”foruptoayear.Theideaisthatifholidaysarenotpossible,thenmaybetheislandcanattractwealthyofficeworkerswhonolongerhavetogototheoffice.OtherCaribbeanislandsareconsideringcompetingplans;Bermudahasannouncedone.Itdidnottakeapandemicforsomedigitalworkerstoconsidermovingtoabeach.Butbeforenow,itwaslegallydifficult.Gettingaworkpermitorimmigrantstatusmeantweeksormonthsofform-filling.WorkershadtopayBarbadianincometaxes.Thenewprocedurelooksquickandeasybycomparison.Forafeeof$2,000foroneperson,or$3,000forafamily,youcantakeyourZoomcallsfromarealwhitesandybeach,insteadofmerelyselectingitasavirtualbackground.Youcontinuepayingtaxaccordingtotherulesofwhichevercountryyoucamefrom.Therewillbesomechecksonnewarrivals.Wedonotwant“thescumoftheearth,buthonestandrespectabletypes”,saysMrSymmonds.Applicantsmusthavehealthinsurance,andthemainbreadwinnermustearnatleast$50,000.Butotherwisethegatesareopen.“Allmustbreathe,inthisworldandinthiscountry.”saysMsMottley.7.Theproject“WelcomeStamp”isintendedto________.A.helptheeconomyrecover B.createjobsforvisitorsC.keepCOVID-19out D.competeagainstotherislands8WhatisneededtoapplyforWelcomeStamp?A.Spendingweekstogetworkpermitorimmigrantstatus.B.PayingacertainamountofBarbadianincometaxes.C.Paying$2,000perperson,or$3,000perfamily.D.Earningatleast$50,000perfamilymember9.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Barbadosisthefirsttoputforwardtheplan.B.Allhealthyandwealthypeoplearewelcome.C.Increasingunemploymentleadstoaneconomicdecline.D.ItusedtobedifficultfordigitalworkerstomovetoBarbados.10.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Barbadosprovidesaparadisetoworkremotely.B.TheCaribbeanislandsarefightingagainstthepandemic.C.Officeworkerschoosetoworkfromthebeach.D.Workingabroadbecomeseasierthanbefore.【答案】7.A8.C9.D10.A【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講解并描述了在疫情導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑的狀況下，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇，巴巴多斯實(shí)施了“歡迎郵票”項(xiàng)目。并介紹了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的內(nèi)容和申請(qǐng)條件。【7題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段關(guān)鍵句“Now,manytouristsarebannedandtheeconomyisdeclining.”可知，由于疫情影響，很多游客被禁止到來(lái)，導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑。再依據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Theprimeminister,MiaMottleyintendstointroducea“WelcomeStamp”forvisitorsto“workremotelyinparadise”foruptoayear.”可知“歡迎郵票”是供應(yīng)游客在“天堂遠(yuǎn)程工作”長(zhǎng)達(dá)一年的時(shí)間。由此可推斷出“歡迎郵票”項(xiàng)目的主要目的是為了吸引游客到這里，游客的到來(lái)會(huì)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，也就是說(shuō)，“歡迎郵票”項(xiàng)目旨在幫助經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。故選A項(xiàng)。【8題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句“Thenewprocedurelooksquickandeasybycomparison.Forafeeof$2,000foroneperson,or$3,000forafamily,youcantakeyourZoomcallsfromarealwhitesandybeach,insteadofmerelyselectingitasavirtualbackground.”可知，一個(gè)人付2000美元，一家人付3000美元，你就可以在一個(gè)真正的白色的沙灘上打電話。由此可推斷出，申請(qǐng)“歡迎郵票”須要的是一個(gè)人付2000美元的費(fèi)用，一家人付3000美元的費(fèi)用。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句“Itdidnottakeapandemicforsomedigitalworkerstoconsidermovingtoabeach.Butbeforenow,itwaslegallydifficult.”可知，對(duì)于一些數(shù)碼工作者來(lái)說(shuō)，考慮搬到巴巴多斯的海灘去并沒(méi)有引起大流行。但在此之前，這在法律上很困難。由此可推斷出，過(guò)去數(shù)碼工作者很難搬到巴巴多斯。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了巴巴多斯的“歡迎郵票”項(xiàng)目。依據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Theprimeminister,MiaMottleyintendstointroducea“WelcomeStamp”forvisitorsto“workremotelyinparadise”foruptoayear.”可知“歡迎郵票”是供應(yīng)游客在“天堂遠(yuǎn)程工作”長(zhǎng)達(dá)一年的時(shí)間。由此可推斷出，文章主要講解并描述的是巴巴多斯供應(yīng)了遠(yuǎn)程工作的天堂，這里的天堂指的是巴巴多斯像天堂一樣美的海灘和風(fēng)景。故選A項(xiàng)。DWhenacorporation(公司)isformed,itissuesstock(股票),whichissoldorgiventoindividuals.Ownershipofstockentitlesyoutovoteintheelectionofacorporation’sdirectors,sointheoryholdersofstockcontrolthecompany.Inpractice,however,inmostlargecorporations,ownershipisseparatedfromcontrolofthefirm.Moststockholdershavelittleinputintothedecisionsacorporationmakes.Instead,corporationsareoftencontrolledbytheirmanagers,whooftenrunthemfortheirownbenefitaswellasfortheowners.Thereasonisthattheowners’controlofmanagementislimited.Alargepercentofmostcorporations’stockisnotevencontrolledbytheowners;instead,iscontrolledbyfinancialinstitutionssuchasmutualfunds(financialinstitutionsthatinvestindividuals’moneyforthem)andbypensionfunds(financialinstitutionsthatholdpeople’smoneyforthemuntilitistobepaidouttothemupontheirretirement).Thus,ownershipofICorporationsisanotherstepremovedfromindividuals.Studieshaveshownthat80percentofthelargest200corporationsintheUSareessentiallycontrolledbymanagersandhavelittleeffectivestockholdercontrol.Whyisthequestionofwhocontrolsafirmimportant?Becauseeconomictheoryassumesthegoalofbusinessownersistomaximizeprofits,whichwouldbetrueofcorporationsifstockholdersmadethedecisions.Managersdon’thavethesamemotivationtomaximizeprofitsthatownersdo.There’spressureonmanagerstomaximizeprofits,butthatpressurecanoftenbeweakorineffective.Anexampleofhowfirmsdealwiththisprobleminvolvesstockoptions.Manycompaniesgivetheirmanagersstockoptions-rightstobuystockatalowprice-toencouragethemtoworryaboutthepriceoftheircompany’sstock.Butthesestockoptionsdilutethevalueofcompanyownershipandprofitspershareandcangivemanagersanincentive(激勵(lì),刺激)tooverstateprofitsthroughaccountingtricks,ashappenedatEnron,Xerox,andanumberofotherfirms.11.Whycan’tthestockholderscontrolthecompany?A.Becausetheyareseparatedfromthemanagers.B.Becausetheyhavealittleinputinmakingdecisions.C.Becausetheyarelimitedinthecontrolofmanagement.D.Becausetheyarerestrictedtotheownershipofthecompany.12.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheownershipofcorporations?A.Ownershipiscontrolledbymanagers.B.Ownershipisseparatedfromcontrolofthecompany.C.Ownershipisremovedfromthestockholders.D.Ownershipiscontrolledbyfinancialinstitutions.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dilute”referto?A.maximize B.arouse C.decrease D.ease14.Whatisusedtoencouragemanagerstomaximizeprofits?A.Stockoption. B.Therighttoownstock.C.Controllingpower. D.Effectivestockholdercontrol.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhoControlsCorporation? B.WhenshouldtheStockbeIssued?C.ImportanceofFinancialInstitutions D.StockholdersandManagers【答案】11.C12.B13.C14.A15.A【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了原委是誰(shuí)限制了一家公司這個(gè)問(wèn)題。【11題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Inpractice,however,inmostlargecorporations,ownershipisseparatedfromcontrolofthefirm.Moststockholdershavelittleinputintothedecisionsacorporationmakes.(然而，事實(shí)上，在大多數(shù)大公司中，全部權(quán)和公司限制權(quán)是分開(kāi)的。大多數(shù)股東很少參加公司的決策。)”可知，股東不能限制公司是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)管理的限制是有限的。故選C。【12題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Inpractice,however,inmostlargecorporations,ownershipisseparatedfromcontrolofthefirm.(然而，事實(shí)上，在大多數(shù)大公司中，全部權(quán)和公司限制權(quán)是分開(kāi)。)”可知，公司全部權(quán)與限制權(quán)是分開(kāi)的。故選B。【13題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“Manycompaniesgivetheirmanagersstockoptions-rightstobuystockatalowprice-toencouragethemtoworryaboutthepriceoftheircompany’sstock.(很多公司給他們的經(jīng)理股票期權(quán)——以低價(jià)購(gòu)買股票的權(quán)利——以激勵(lì)他們對(duì)公司股票的價(jià)格感到擔(dān)憂。)”可知，這些股票期權(quán)就稀釋了公司全部權(quán)的價(jià)值和每股利潤(rùn)。所以dilute為“稀釋，削減”之意。故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“Managersdon’thavethesamemotivationtomaximizeprofitsthatownersdo.There’spressureonmanagerstomaximizeprofits,butthatpressurecanoftenbeweakorineffective.Anexampleofhowfirmsdealwiththisprobleminvolvesstockoptions.Manycompaniesgivetheirmanagersstockoptions-rightstobuystockatalowprice-toencouragethemtoworryaboutthepriceoftheircompany’sstock.(管理者不像全部者那樣有最大化利潤(rùn)的動(dòng)機(jī)。管理者面臨著實(shí)現(xiàn)利潤(rùn)最大化的壓力，但這種壓力往往是微弱的或無(wú)效的。公司如何處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題的一個(gè)例子涉及股票期權(quán)。很多公司給他們的經(jīng)理股票期權(quán)——以低價(jià)購(gòu)買股票的權(quán)利——以激勵(lì)他們對(duì)公司股票的價(jià)格感到擔(dān)憂。)”可知，股票期權(quán)被用來(lái)激勵(lì)管理者實(shí)現(xiàn)利潤(rùn)最大化。故選A。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“Whyisthequestionofwhocontrolsafirmimportant?(為什么誰(shuí)限制一家公司這個(gè)問(wèn)題很重要?)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了原委是誰(shuí)限制了一家公司這個(gè)問(wèn)題。所以“WhoControlsCorporation?(誰(shuí)限制了公司？)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A。其次節(jié)：（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。OneDollaraNightinNewYorkWhenitcomestofindingaplacetostayforanightinNewYork,thingsdon’talwayscomecheap.However,artistMiaoJiaxin,aShanghainativewhomovedtoNewYorkin2006,isofferingpeoplethechancetostayinhisapartmentinBrooklyn.___16___GuestscaneasilybookMiao’sroomontheInternet.Nevertheless,althoughtheywillbehousedinhisapartment,itappearstohavemoreincommonwithajailcell（牢房）thanaregularbedroomasacageinthecenteroftheroomiswhereguestswillstay.___17___Guestsmuststayinthecageforthreehourseachmorning.“From9a.m.to12p.m.,youcan’taccesstheInternet,andtherearenoelectronicdevices,books,radio,pensorcraftwork.Youcan’ttalktoanybody.Youcan’tdoYogaoranyotherexercises.Andyoucan’tevensleep,”writesMiao.___18___Meanwhile,thecageismonitoredandrecordedbytwocamerasandtheactivityofguestsisfilmedforthewholetimetheystayinthecell.___19___TheycanenjoygreatviewsofNewYorkontheroofdeckoutsidetheroom.Theroomisinspiredbythealienation（疏離感）Miaofeltasanewimmigrant—feelingshebelievesareuniversal.“It’snotforfun.It’sforanexperience.___20___”saidMiao.A.It’sonlyonedollaranight.B.It’stooexpensiveforcommonpeopletoafford.C.MorelikeapsychologicalNewYorkCityexperience.D.Ifyoubreakanyofthoserulesabove,youwillbefined100dollars.E.Actually,Miao’sroomissopopularthatyouhavetobookthreemonthsinadvance.F.Despitethestrictrules,guestsaregivenakeytoletthemselvesinandoutastheyplease.G.Miaosaysthattoliveinhisjailcell,peopledon’thavetobeacriminal,butthereareseveralrules.【答案】16.A17.G18.D19.F20.C【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明白一個(gè)2006年搬到紐約的藝術(shù)家MiaoJiaxin，正在為人們供應(yīng)住在他布魯克林公寓的機(jī)會(huì)，一晚只要一美元。但是不同之處在于他公寓的房間是籠子，此外房客還必需遵守一些規(guī)則。【16題詳解】結(jié)合上文“WhenitcomestofindingaplacetostayforanightinNewYork,thingsdon’talwayscomecheap.However,artistMiaoJiaxin,aShanghainativewhomovedtoNewYorkin2006,isofferingpeoplethechancetostayinhisapartmentinBrooklyn.（要在紐約找個(gè)地方住一晚，價(jià)格可不便宜。然而，藝術(shù)家MiaoJiaxin，一個(gè)2006年搬到紐約上海人，正在為人們供應(yīng)住在他布魯克林公寓的機(jī)會(huì)。）”中however可推知藝術(shù)家MiaoJiaxin的布魯克林公寓與上文提到的在紐約住一晚價(jià)格昂貴狀況相反，他的公寓特別便宜。故A選項(xiàng)“一晚只要一美元。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。【17題詳解】依據(jù)下文“Guestsmuststayinthecageforthreehourseachmorning.“From9a.m.to12p.m.,youcan’taccesstheInternet,andtherearenoelectronicdevices,books,radio,pensorcraftwork.Youcan’ttalktoanybody.Youcan’tdoYogaoranyotherexercises.Andyoucan’tevensleep,”writesMiao.Ifyoubreakanyofthoserulesabove,youwillbefined100dollars.（客人每天早晨必需在籠子里呆三個(gè)小時(shí)。“從上午9點(diǎn)到下午12點(diǎn)。在美國(guó)，你無(wú)法上網(wǎng)，也沒(méi)有電子設(shè)備、書籍、收音機(jī)、筆或工藝品。你不能和任何人說(shuō)話。你不能做瑜伽或其他任何運(yùn)動(dòng)。你甚至都睡不著。”假如你違反以上任何一條，你將被罰款100美元。）”可知是在說(shuō)明住在這些牢房一樣的房間里的規(guī)則有哪些，故G選項(xiàng)“苗說(shuō)，住在牢房里的人不肯定是罪犯，但有一些規(guī)則須要遵守。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。【18題詳解】空前講解并描述了一系列要遵守的規(guī)則，D項(xiàng)“假如你違反以上的任何規(guī)則，就會(huì)被罰款100美元”介紹了違反規(guī)則的懲罰，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。【19題詳解】依據(jù)下文“TheycanenjoygreatviewsofNewYorkontheroofdeckoutsidetheroom.（他們可以在房間外的屋頂平臺(tái)上觀賞紐約的美景。）”可知房客們還是可以自由進(jìn)出籠子，去屋頂平臺(tái)觀賞紐約美景。故F選項(xiàng)“盡管有嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定，客人還是可以隨意進(jìn)出籠子。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。【20題詳解】結(jié)合上文“It’snotforfun.It’sforanexperience.（不是為了好玩，這是一種體驗(yàn)。）”中experience可對(duì)應(yīng)到C選項(xiàng)“MorelikeapsychologicalNewYorkCityexperience.（更像是紐約的心理體驗(yàn)。）”代入符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選C。第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Wheelingherredchairandscissorsaroundthecity,asalonownerKatieStellergivesthoseless___21___strangersthegiftofvisibilityonefreehairdoatatime.Stellerishighlyawareofthe___22___ofhercleanupjob.Sheknowsthatahaircutcanchangea___23___.Onechangedhers:Asateen,shesufferedfromadiseasewhichwasso___24___thatherhairsoonthinned.Seeingthis,hermother___25___Steller’sfirstprofessionalhaircut.Tositdownandhavesomebodylookatherand___26___toherlikeapersonandnotjustan___27___madeherfeelcaredaboutandless___28___.Afterthat,Stellerwantedtohaveherownsalonsoshecould___29___peopletofeelthewayshe’dfeltthatday.Notlongafterfinishingschool,she____30____herRedChairProject,____31____topeopleonthestreets."Partofwhat____32____myheartwasjusthowlonelysomepeoplelooked,"shesaid.“IthoughtmaybeI’dgoaroundandaskiftheywantfreehaircuts,thoughIcouldn’t____33____theirproblems.”Stellerlistenedtopeople’s____34____ofloss,addiction,and____35____togetbackontheirfeet.Theattention____36____worked.Whenshewascuttingawoman’shaironeday,someonedrovebyand____37____,youlook____38____!”Thewomaninthechair____39____andsaiditwasthefirsttimethatshehadthoughtherselfnotinvisible.Todate,Stellerhasgivenover30haircutstopeoplewhoarealllivinginpovertyanditallbeganwitha____40____insimpleactsofkindness.21.A.fortunate B.friendly C.generous D.intelligent.22.A.risk B.difficulty C.power D.profit23.A.habit B.life C.decision D.behavior24.A.severe B.common C.typical D.steady25.A.reliedon B.worriedabout C.objectedto D.arrangedfor26.A.turn B.talk C.point D.dash27.A.error B.ambition C.illness D.image28.A.alone B.confused C.frightened D.guilty29.A.instruct B.force C.train D.help30.A.expanded B.began C.advertised D.abandoned31.A.responding B.givingin C.praying D.reachingout32.A.won B.warmed C.broke D.stole33.A.fix B.present C.describe D.remember34.A.messages B.stories C.conclusions D.findings35.A.chance B.struggle C.confidence D.duty36.A.eventually B.rarely C.apparently D.nearly37.A.teased B.complained C.predicted D.yelled38.A.cautious B.happy C.pale D.amazing39.A.smiled B.nodded C.disagreed D.sighed40.A.skill B.tradition C.belief D.lesson【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.D32.C33.A34.B35.B36.C37.D38.D39.A40.C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。講解并描述了KatieSteller免費(fèi)為生疏人理發(fā)的故事，她讓這些人感到自己是受關(guān)注的，她這樣做削減了他們的孤獨(dú)感。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：美發(fā)沙龍老板KatieSteller推著她的紅色椅子、拿著剪刀在城里轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)去，給那些不幸的生疏人一份看得見(jiàn)的禮物，給他們免費(fèi)理發(fā)一次。A.fortunate幸運(yùn)的；B.friendly友好的；C.generous慷慨的；D.intelligent聰慧的。依據(jù)下文提到的“howlonelysomepeoplelooked”和“peoplewhoarealllivinginpoverty”可知Steller在幫助那些孤獨(dú)，貧困不幸的生疏人，給他們看得見(jiàn)的禮物。故選A。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Steller特別清晰清理工作的力氣。A.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，危急；B.difficulty困難，逆境；C.power力氣；D.profit利潤(rùn)，利益。依據(jù)下句“Sheknowsthatahaircutcanchangea___3___.Onechangedhers:”可知Steller從自身經(jīng)驗(yàn)感受到了清理帶來(lái)的變更，感受了清理的力氣。故選C。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她知道理發(fā)可以變更生活。A.habit習(xí)慣；B.life生活；C.decision確定；D.behavior行為，舉止。依據(jù)下文“Onechangedhers:和madeherfeelcaredaboutandless___8___”可知，理發(fā)可以變更一個(gè)人的生活，故選B。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：十幾歲時(shí)，她患了一種特別嚴(yán)峻的疾病，以至于她的頭發(fā)很快就稀疏了。A.severe嚴(yán)峻的；B.common共同的，一般的；C.typical典型的；D.steady穩(wěn)定的。“herhairsoonthinned”說(shuō)明病情很嚴(yán)峻，故選A。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：看到這些，她母親給支配了第一次專業(yè)理發(fā)。A.reliedon依靠，依靠；B.worriedabout擔(dān)憂；C.objectedto反對(duì)；D.arrangedfor為……作支配；為……作準(zhǔn)備。依據(jù)“Steller’sfirstprofessionalhaircut”可知Steller由于病情頭發(fā)稀疏了，所以母親為她支配了一次專業(yè)理發(fā)。故選D。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：坐下來(lái)，別人看著她并把她當(dāng)正常人一樣和她說(shuō)話，而不是把她當(dāng)成一個(gè)患有疾病的人，這讓她感到被關(guān)切，不那么孤獨(dú)了。A.turn轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，轉(zhuǎn)變；B.talk談話，談?wù)摚籆.point表明，指向；D.dash猛沖。依據(jù)下文中的“notjustan___7___madeherfeelcaredaboutandless___8__”及語(yǔ)境可知，當(dāng)Steller坐在那里理發(fā)時(shí)，有人看著她并跟她說(shuō)話會(huì)讓她有被關(guān)切的感覺(jué)。故選B。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.error錯(cuò)誤，過(guò)失；B.ambition雄心，志向；C.illness疾病；D.image影像，想象。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，坐在那理發(fā)時(shí)，別人將她看作是一個(gè)正常人，而不是一個(gè)病人。故選C。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.alone孤獨(dú)的；B.confused困惑的；C.frightened膽怯 的，