PAGEPAGE24江蘇省南通市2025屆高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期5月考前練習(xí)卷（含解析）第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.HowdidthemantourRussia?A.Bytrain.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.2.WhatdoesthemandislikeaboutProfessorScott’sclass?A.Thelectures.B.Thebooks.C.Thetests.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atastore.C.Athome.4.Whatistheman’sopinionaboutthejacket?A.Thestyledoesn’tsuithim.B.Thepriceishigh.C.Thesizeissmall.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aweekendplan.B.Anamusementpark.C.Theweatherforecast.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthematterwiththeman?A.He’sgotabadcold.B.Hehurthisfootbyaccident.C.He’srunningahightemperature.7.Whydidthemancallthewoman?A.Tocancelhistraining.B.Toarrangehisoperation.C.Tomakeanappointment.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatdidthemanagertaketothewoman?A.Aplug.B.Ahairdryer.C.Anelectricfan.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman’sroom?A.Itisoppositeapark.B.Ithasagood-sizedbathroom.C.ItoffersaTVandarefrigerator.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Howbeesindicatethedirection.B.Howbeesprovidefoodforothers.C.Howbeesshareinformationwitheachother.11.Howdoesthebeeshowthefoodisnearby?A.Bypointingtowardit.B.Byturningincircles.C.Bydancingfast.12.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heisastudent.B.Heisstudyingbiology.C.Heisinterestedininsects.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydoesthewomandecidetoregisterfor3daysinsteadof2?A.Shecangetfreedinners.B.Shecan’tsavesomuchasexpected.CShecanlearnmoreaboutcomputing.14.Howwillthewomanpay?A.Bycheque.B.Incash.C.Bycreditcard.15.Howmuchwillthewomanspendonaccommodation?A.$25.B.$50.C.$75.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Findtheconferenceofficeinadvance.B.Liveneartheconferencecenter.C.Booktheguesthouseearly.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatwillthemonthlywinnersget?A.Anopportunitytoexhibittheirphotos.B.FreeaccommodationsinLondon.C.AtriptoSwedishLapland.18.Whatisoneruleofthecompetition?A.Itisonlyopentoprofessionals.B.Itsthemevarieswiththeseason.C.ParticipantsmustbeintheUKforsometime.19.WhatdoesFredrikBromando?A.Aguide.B.Aphotographer.C.Ashowhost.20.Whataretheyearlywinnersrequiredtodo?A.Writeareport.B.Showtheirprizes.C.Photographwintersubjects.其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALearnalanguageinthenativecountryandaddsomeextracurricularfunwiththeseholidaycoursesthatofferaskillorsomeculture,too.Mandarinandvariousactivities,ChinaFourhoursoflessonsadayplusthebenefitofone-to-onelevelassessmentandstudyplanisthedealattheHutongSchool’sMandarincoursesinBeijing,ShanghaiandHangzhou.Atwo-weekcoursealsoincludesuptofouractivitiesaweek-taichi,cooking,evenskiing-andthereareoutingsattheweekendstoexploremoreofChina.Greekandculture,LefkadaOmilorunsGreekcoursesinAthensandNafplion,andontheislandsofSyrosandLefkada.Thelatterisperhapsthemostappealing:classestakeplace200metresfromthebeachinthevillageofAgiosNikitasonthewestcoast.Aweek’scourseincludes24hoursoflessonsoversixdaysandatleastfouractivities.Strangely,studentsmustbe26orover.Japaneseandpopculture,FukuokaCactushascoursesin120destinationsinFukuoka.Lessonsarefrom9.30am—2.30pm,MondaytoFriday,andcovermovies,music,TVandbooksaswellastheJapaneselanguage.Optionalextrasincludestudyingteaceremonies,calligraphy,Japanesefoodandothercustoms.Frenchandhorse-riding,ProvenceCESAhasgreatcoursesbasedatamansioninAix-en-Provence.TwoweeksofFrenchlessonscanbecombinedwithhorse-riding(20grouplessonsperweek),painting,hiking,cookingoroenology.Accommodationoptionsincludestayingwithahostfamily.Theschoolarrangesactivitiessuchastowntours.1.What’sspecialaboutHutongSchool’sMandarincourses?A.Weekdaytrips. B.Hotdestinations. C.Scienceexploration. D.Personalizedteaching.2.WhatactivitydoCactusandCESAshare?A.Hiking. B.Painting. C.Foodstudies. D.Teaceremonies.3.Whichofthefollowinghasanagelimit?A.Omilo. B.CESA. C.Cactus. D.HutongSchool.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了四種學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的課程以及其中的樂(lè)趣。【1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中“Mandarinandvariousactivities,ChinaFourhoursoflessonsadayplusthebenefitofone-to-onelevelassessmentandstudyplanisthedealattheHutongSchool’sMandarincoursesinBeijing,ShanghaiandHangzhou.(胡同學(xué)校在北京、上海和杭州開(kāi)設(shè)了一般話(huà)課程，每天四小時(shí)的課程，加上一對(duì)一的水平評(píng)估和學(xué)習(xí)安排)”可知，這個(gè)教學(xué)的過(guò)程是特性化的，故選D。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中“Optionalextrasincludestudyingteaceremonies,calligraphy,Japanesefoodandothercustoms.(可選的額外課程包括學(xué)習(xí)茶道、書(shū)法、日本食物和其他習(xí)俗)”以及最終一段中“TwoweeksofFrenchlessonscanbecombinedwithhorse-riding(20grouplessonsperweek),painting,hiking,cookingoroenology.(兩周的法語(yǔ)課程可以與騎馬（每周20次集體課程）、繪畫(huà)、徒步旅行、烹飪或釀酒學(xué)結(jié)合在一起)”可知，Cactus和CESA這兩個(gè)課程都有的共同活動(dòng)是飲食學(xué)習(xí)，故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Strangely,studentsmustbe26orover.(驚奇的是，學(xué)生必需年滿(mǎn)26歲)”可知，Omilo有年齡限制。故選A。BWhenNaomiFishertookhereight-year-oldsontothecountryparkinBirminghamwhereshespentmuchofherchildhoodexploringwithherfriends,heaskedwhyhewasnotallowedtogooffbyhimself.“Icouldn’tevengiveagoodreasonwhynot.It’sjustnotdoneanymore,nobodyletstheirkidsdothat,”saidFisher,acommunityarchitect.“Ihadsomeconversationsanditseemedmygenerationhadallexperiencedthatkindofplayfromsevenoreightyearsoldandyetithadvirtuallydisappeared.”Fisher’sexperienceisnotuncommon.Asurveypublishedthisweekreportedthatchildrentypicallyarenotallowedtoplayoutsideontheirownuntiltwoyearsolderthantheirparents’generationwere.Soonafter,withthehelpofherfriend,theysetupRoam,afirstofitskindcharityrunningsessionstohelpchildrenwithsafe,unsupervised(無(wú)人監(jiān)督的)playoutside.Ateachsession,upto15children,allunder-12s,aregivensomegroundrules-theymuststayingroupsofatleastthreeatalltimes,forinstance-beforebeingallowedtoroam(玩耍)aloneforuptotwohours.Volunteerskeeptabsonthemandcountnumbersonaregularbasis,butdonotinterfere.Theyalsorunsessionswithmoresupervisionforyoungerchildrenandthosewithadditionalneeds.“Alotofourfamilieshavesaidthey’veseenthattheirchildren’scapabilitiesaremuchbetterthantheythought,”saidFisher.WhenRoamsurveyedparents,itfoundthatalthoughroaddangerandsafetyfearswereakeyreasonbehindwhymanydidnotlettheirchildrenplayalone.“Themoreimportantreasonwasthatparentsfelttheirchildwouldstandoutandtheirparentingwouldbejudged,”saidFisher.“Mybiggestfearatthepilotsessionswasthatamemberofthepublicmightapproachthechildrenandsay:‘You’rewaytooyoungtobeyourown.’”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Parentsgivingagoodreason.B.Childrenplayingoutsideontheirown.C.Childrenexploringwiththeirparents.D.Parentscommunicatingwiththeirchildren.5.WhatdoweknowaboutRoam?A.Itofferschildrenacademicsessions.B.Itdisciplineschildrentostayinside.C.Ithelpschildrendisplaybetterabilities.D.Itinvolvesmoresupervisionforolderkids.6.Whydomanyparentsrefusetolettheirchildrenplayalone?A.Theyfeeltheirchildrenaretoooutstanding.B.Theyworryaboutchildren’sincompetence.C.Theyfearnegativejudgmentontheirparenting.D.Theybelievetheirchildrenwillbreaktrafficlaws.7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howacommunityarchitectmanagestofoundacharity.B.Whatchildren’sindependentplaymeanstotheirhealth.C.Whatparentsshoulddotoletgooftheirparentingplan.D.Howacharityhelpschildrengaintherighttoplayalone.【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了一個(gè)組織幫助孩子們?cè)跓o(wú)人監(jiān)督的狀況下能夠在外面玩耍，而且讓他們的家長(zhǎng)意識(shí)到自己的孩子的實(shí)力要比自己想象的好得多。【4題詳解】指代揣測(cè)題。由第一段中的“WhenNaomiFishertookhereight-year-oldsontothecountryparkinBirminghamwhereshespentmuchofherchildhoodexploringwithherfriends,heaskedwhyhewasnotallowedtogooffbyhimself.(當(dāng)納奧米·費(fèi)舍爾帶著她8歲的兒子去伯明翰的郊野公園時(shí)，她童年的大部分時(shí)間都是在那里和摯友們一起探究，他問(wèn)為什么不允許他自己玩。)”和其次段中的“Ihadsomeconversationsanditseemedmygenerationhadallexperiencedthatkindofplayfromsevenoreightyearsoldandyetithadvirtuallydisappeared.(我有過(guò)一些對(duì)話(huà)，好像我們這一代人從七八歲起就都經(jīng)驗(yàn)過(guò)這種嬉戲，但事實(shí)上它已經(jīng)消逝了。)”可知，上文提及兒子提出“為什么不允許他自己在外面玩”，費(fèi)舍爾回憶她們小時(shí)候常常自己在外面玩，但現(xiàn)在這種狀況消逝了，it指代上文的“孩子們自己在外面玩”。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“Soonafter,withthehelpofherfriend,theysetupRoam,afirstofitskindcharityrunningsessionstohelpchildrenwithsafe,unsupervised(無(wú)人監(jiān)督的)playoutside.(不久之后，在她的摯友的幫助下，他們成立了Roam，這是第一個(gè)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，幫助孩子們?cè)跓o(wú)人監(jiān)督的狀況下平安地在外面玩。)”可知，Roam可以幫助孩子們?cè)跓o(wú)人監(jiān)督的狀況下平安地在外面玩，換句話(huà)說(shuō)，它能幫助孩子們展示更好的實(shí)力。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由最終一段中的““Themoreimportantreasonwasthatparentsfelttheirchildwouldstandoutandtheirparentingwouldbejudged,”saidFisher.(費(fèi)舍爾說(shuō)：“更重要的緣由是，父母覺(jué)得他們的孩子會(huì)惹眼，父母的教養(yǎng)也會(huì)受到評(píng)判。”)”可知，很多家長(zhǎng)拒絕讓孩子一個(gè)人玩，最主要的緣由是怕父母的教養(yǎng)會(huì)受到評(píng)判，所以家長(zhǎng)們膽怯 對(duì)父母教養(yǎng)的負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià)。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。文章一起先講家長(zhǎng)不讓孩子出去玩，之后講Roam這個(gè)組織想出了能夠讓孩子出去玩的方法，而且讓家長(zhǎng)意識(shí)到讓孩子獨(dú)自出去玩的好處，因此這篇文章講的是Roam這個(gè)組織是如何幫助孩子得到獨(dú)自出去玩的權(quán)利的。故選D項(xiàng)。CWhenCarnevali’ssonstartedatStMaryprimaryschoolinLondon,hewasalarmedtofindthatpupilsweresometimeskeptindoorsatbreaktimes,despitealargeplayground.Thereasonwasthenearbysix-laneroad,whichhasupto100,000vehiclesthunderingpasttheschooleachday.Asevidencemountedabouttheimpactofgaswasteonchildren’shealth,theheadteacherrestrictedtimeoutside.Carnevaliandotherparentsdecidedtotakeaction.Withinmonthstheyhadcrowdfundedalmost￡100,000,andlastmontha126-metre“l(fā)ivingwall”of12,000plantswasinstalled(安裝)aspartofaclean-airinitiativeattheschool.TheyhopethewallwilltransformoneofLondon’smostpollutedschoolsintooneofitsgreenest.StMary’slivingwallisoneofmanybeinginstalledaroundthecountrybylocalauthoritiesandprivatedevelopers.Tennisfansmayhavenoticedtwoenormouslivingwallsplacedonbothsidesofthegiantoutdoorscreenatthisyear’sWimbledonchampionships.“Demandisdefinitelygrowing.It’sbeingmainlydrivenbylocalauthorities,butalsoagreaterawarenessintheprivatesectoroftheneedforsustainablearchitecture.”AccordingtoBenzKotzenoftheGreenRoofsandLivingWallsCentreattheUniversityofGreenwich,“Weneedeverytooltotrytoimprovethings,andtherejustisn’tenoughcapacityinurbanenvironmentstocreategreeninfrastructureatgroundlevel.”Livingwallsrangefromsimplewirestructurestosupportclimbingplantstocomplicatedmodularsystems,usingsoilandsolar-poweredirrigation(澆灌).Thecostrangesfrom￡200to￡800persquaremetre.Livingwallswilldieifthey’renotmaintainedregularly,butthechallengeisthatitmustbedoneatheight.Noteveryoneisafanofthetrendtowardsvertical(垂直的)gardens.“They’renotasolution,exceptforthewealthy,”saidMickCrawley,professorofplantecologyatImperialCollegeLondon.“Therearemuchcheaperandmoreeffectivewaysofimprovingairquality.Localauthoritiesstrugglingtopayforessentialserviceswillbebetteradvisedtoplanttrees.”8.Whatmadetheheadteacherrestrictchildren’sbreaktimesoutside?A.Ajammedplayground. B.Poorairquality. C.Constanttrafficflow. D.Atightschedule.9.WhatdoweknowaboutStMary’slivingwall?A.Itisinstalledtoincreasebiodiversity.B.Itisdesignedtomaketheschoolgreen.C.ItismeantfortheWimbledonchampionships.D.Itisfundedbylocalauthoritiesandprivatedevelopers.10.Whatisthechallengeformaintainingalivingwall?A.Itscost. B.Itsmarket. C.Itsstructure. D.Itsheight.11.WhatisMickCrawley’sattitudetotheverticalgarden?A.Disapproving. B.Uncertain. C.Flexible. D.Casual.【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講解并描述了倫敦的圣瑪麗小學(xué)因?yàn)榭諝馕廴緡?yán)格限制學(xué)生的戶(hù)外活動(dòng)，于是家長(zhǎng)們合資安裝凈化空氣的“生命墻”，但也有人對(duì)“生命墻”是否是最好的提高空氣質(zhì)量的選擇提出質(zhì)疑。【8題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段其次句話(huà)“Asevidencemountedabouttheimpactofgaswasteonchildren’shealth,theheadteacherrestrictedtimeoutside.”(隨著越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)表明廢氣對(duì)兒童健康的影響，班主任限制了外出時(shí)間)可知，班主任限制戶(hù)外活動(dòng)時(shí)間是因?yàn)榭諝赓|(zhì)量會(huì)影響孩子健康。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段結(jié)尾“TheyhopethewallwilltransformoneofLondon'smostpollutedschoolsintooneofitsgreenest.”(他們希望這堵墻能將倫敦污染最嚴(yán)峻的學(xué)校之一變成最環(huán)保的學(xué)校之一。)可知，這面墻是為了綠化校內(nèi)，讓學(xué)校更環(huán)保。故選B項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段最終一句話(huà)“Livingwallswilldieifthey’renotmaintainedregularly,butthechallengeisthatitmustbedoneatheight.”(假如不定期維護(hù)，活墻將會(huì)死亡，但挑戰(zhàn)是必需在高處進(jìn)行。)可知，須要在高處對(duì)墻進(jìn)行維護(hù)，故挑戰(zhàn)就高度。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】觀點(diǎn)看法題。依據(jù)文章最終一段““They’renotasolution,exceptforthewealthy,”saidMickCrawley,professorofplantecologyatImperialCollegeLondon.“Therearemuchcheaperandmoreeffectivewaysofimprovingairquality....”(倫敦帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院植物生態(tài)學(xué)教授米克·克勞利說(shuō)：“它們不是解決方法，除了富人。改善空氣質(zhì)量有很多更便宜、更有效的方法”)可推知，MickCrawley對(duì)垂直花園不贊同，故選A項(xiàng)。DCatchingnearly4,000wildbutterflieswithhandheldnetsandtakingthetemperatureofeachtinyinsectmustrankamongtheharderofscientificefforts.However,researchershavediscoveredsignificantdifferencesintheabilityofBritishbutterfliestomaintainasuitabletemperature,raisingfearsthatglobalheatingwillthreatenthepopulationsofsomespecies.Butterfliesareectotherms-unabletogeneratetheirownbodyheat-andrequirewarmtemperaturestofly.However,extremetemperaturescanposeproblems,particularlyforthosebutterfliesthatmustfindshadyhabitatstoregulate(調(diào)整)theirbodytemperature.Thestudyshowsthatlarger,palerbutterfliesarebestabletoprotectthemselvesfromextremetemperatures,changingtheanglesoftheirreflectivewingsinrelationtothesuntodirectheatawayfromorontotheirbodies.Darker,largespecieshavegreaterdifficultycontrollingtheirbodytemperature,buteventheyarebetterthan“thermalspecialists”,whichrelyonfindingaspotataspecifictemperatureinalandscape-a“microclimate”-tocontroltheirbodytemperature.“AfterbeingcaughtinbutterflynetsonBritishnaturereserves,the29differentspeciesofbutterflies’temperaturesweretakenwithafineprobe.Asweplanconservationmeasurestoaddresstheeffectsofclimatechange,itwillbeimportanttounderstandnotonlythehabitatrequirementsofdifferentbutterflyspecies,butalsotheirtemperaturerequirements,”saidDrEdTurner,oftheUniversityMuseumofZoology,Cambridge,wholedthework.“Withthisnewunderstandingofbutterflies,weshouldbeabletobettermanagehabitatsandlandscapestoprotectthem,andindoingsowe’reprobablyalsoprotectingotherinsectstoo.”12.Whydidscientiststakethetemperaturesofbutterflies?A.Toseeksolutionstoglobalheating.B.Touncoverclimatethreatstothem.C.Toclassifythemintodifferentspecies.D.Tostressthetoughnessofscientificresearch.13.Howdolarger,palerbutterfliesregulatetheirtemperature?A.Byanglingtheirwings.B.Bygeneratingthebodyheat.C.Bychoosingamicroclimate.D.Bymakinguseoftheircolour.14.Onwhatbasisdobutterfliesseekspecificlocations?A.Findinganaturereserve.B.Attractingotherbutterflies.C.Adaptingtoclimatechange.D.Perceivingthesurroundings.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Understandingbutterfliesshouldbestrengthened.B.Bettermanagementofbutterflyhabitatsispopular.C.Protectingbutterfliescanleadtoadditionalbenefits.D.Goalsofprotectingbutterflieshavebeenachieved.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講解并描述了科學(xué)家在測(cè)量蝴蝶體溫時(shí)發(fā)覺(jué)他們調(diào)整體溫的實(shí)力差異很大，由此擔(dān)憂(yōu)全球變暖會(huì)影響蝴蝶某些物種的數(shù)量。這些科學(xué)家還深化探討了蝴蝶調(diào)整體溫的方法，以便安排愛(ài)護(hù)蝴蝶的方法。【12題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“However,researchershavediscoveredsignificantdifferencesintheabilityofBritishbutterfliestomaintainasuitabletemperature,raisingfearsthatglobalheatingwillthreatenthepopulationsofsomespecies.(然而，探討人員發(fā)覺(jué)，英國(guó)蝴蝶在維持合適溫度的實(shí)力上存在顯著差異，這引發(fā)了人們對(duì)全球變暖將威逼某些物種數(shù)量的擔(dān)憂(yōu))”可知，這項(xiàng)試驗(yàn)揭露了氣候變更對(duì)蝴蝶的威逼。故選B。【13題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“Thestudyshowsthatlarger,palerbutterfliesarebestabletoprotectthemselvesfromextremetemperatures,changingtheanglesoftheirreflectivewingsinrelationtothesuntodirectheatawayfromorontotheirbodies.(探討表明，體型較大、膚色較淺蝴蝶能夠更好地愛(ài)護(hù)自己免受極端溫度的影響，變更它們翅膀相對(duì)于太陽(yáng)的角度，將熱量從身體轉(zhuǎn)移或轉(zhuǎn)移到身體上)”可知，體型更大、顏色更淺的蝴蝶是通過(guò)變更翅膀的角度來(lái)調(diào)整體溫的。故選A。【14題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Thesurroundingtemperatureofthebutterfly’sperch(棲息處),orairtemperature,wasalsotaken,whichindicatedthedegreetowhichbutterflieswereseekingspecificlocationstoregulatetheirbodytemperature.(探討人員還測(cè)量了蝴蝶棲息地點(diǎn)四周的溫度，即空氣溫度，這表明蝴蝶在找尋特定位置來(lái)調(diào)整體溫的程度)”可知，科學(xué)家對(duì)蝴蝶棲息地四周環(huán)境的溫度進(jìn)行測(cè)量得到了蝴蝶找尋特定位置來(lái)調(diào)整體溫的程度的結(jié)論，從側(cè)面表明蝴蝶找尋棲息地的時(shí)候?qū)Νh(huán)境是有要求的。故選D。【15題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句話(huà)“Withthisnewunderstandingofbutterflies,weshouldbeabletobettermanagehabitatsandlandscapestoprotectthem,andindoingsowe’reprobablyalsoprotectingotherinsectstoo.(有了對(duì)蝴蝶的新相識(shí)，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)能夠更好地管理?xiàng)⒌睾途坝^來(lái)愛(ài)護(hù)它們，這樣我們可能也在愛(ài)護(hù)其他昆蟲(chóng))”可知，愛(ài)護(hù)蝴蝶的同時(shí)還可以愛(ài)護(hù)其他昆蟲(chóng)，即愛(ài)護(hù)蝴蝶還有額外的好處。故選C。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Studyskillsarevaluabletoolswhenitcomestoachievingmeaningfullearning.Buttherearemanystudentswhohaven’tmasteredgoodskills.Theyoftengoforlast-minutememorization.Studyingfrommemorywon’tgiveyouverypromisingscores.___16___Thesewillhelpyouimproveyourperformance.___17___Itmeanswritingdownthemostimportantpointsinyourownwordssothatyoucanrememberthemmoreeasily.Inmostcasesthekeyistobeabletowritethemdownquickly,butwithoutleavingoutanyimportantinformation.Theotherkeyistomakesuretherelationshipbetweenthemainconceptsisveryclear.Thenremembertolookoveryournoteswithin24hoursoftakingthem,evenifyoudon’thaveatestcomingup.___18___Thenwhenyouactuallystartstudyingforatest,you’llbeabletorecalltheinformationmuchbetterthanifyouhadn’tlookedoveryournotesatallsinceyoutookthem.Anotherskilltohelpyoustudybetterisbrainstorming.___19___Soitcanbeespeciallyusefulfordoinggroupprojects,andyoucanconsiderdifferentideasandviewpoints.Butitcanalsobeusefultocramforanexam.Itcanclearupanyquestionsandhelpyoudigdeeperintothesubjectmatter.Nooneisbornknowinghowtostudy,sostudyskillsareveryimportant.___20___A.Thiswillputyouatahugeadvantage.B.Takingnotesisoneofthemostwidespread.C.It’simportanttosolveproblemsinasimplerway.D.Luckilytherearealotofeffectivemethodsavailable.E.Successinschoolisn’tallabouttalentbutmostlyabouteffort.F.Butwhatreallymattersisthatyoushouldputtheminpractice.G.Itconsistsofagroupmeetingwheremembersthrowoutanyidea.【答案】16.D17.B18.A19.G20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了幾種可運(yùn)用的有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法以及要把這些方法付諸實(shí)踐。【16題詳解】依據(jù)前句“Studyingfrommemorywon’tgiveyouverypromisingscores.(憑記憶學(xué)習(xí)不會(huì)給你很好的分?jǐn)?shù)。)”和后句“Thesewillhelpyouimproveyourperformance.(這些將幫助你提高你的表現(xiàn)。)”可知，后文中的these應(yīng)當(dāng)指代的是使可以提高成果的方法。所以選擇項(xiàng)D“Luckilytherearealotofeffectivemethodsavailable.(幸運(yùn)的是，有很多有效的方法。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選D。【17題詳解】依據(jù)后句“Itmeanswritingdownthemostimportantpointsinyourownwordssothatyoucanrememberthemmoreeasily.(這意味著用你自己的話(huà)寫(xiě)下最重要的要點(diǎn)，這樣你就能更簡(jiǎn)潔地記住它們。)”可知，用自己的語(yǔ)言登記最重要的學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)，所以是做筆記。所以選擇項(xiàng)B“Takingnotesisoneofthemostwidespread.(做筆記是最普遍的一種方法。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選B。【18題詳解】依據(jù)后句“Thenwhenyouactuallystartstudyingforatest,you’llbeabletorecalltheinformationmuchbetterthanifyouhadn’tlookedoveryournotesatallsinceyoutookthem.(這樣，當(dāng)你真正起先為考試而學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，你就能更好地記住筆記上的信息，這比你在考試后不看筆記的狀況要好得多。)”可知，回顧筆記對(duì)你很有用。所以選擇項(xiàng)A“Thiswillputyouatahugeadvantage.(這將使你處于一個(gè)巨大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選A。【19題詳解】依據(jù)前句“Anotherskilltohelpyoustudybetterisbrainstorming.(另一個(gè)幫助你更好學(xué)習(xí)的技能是頭腦風(fēng)暴。)”和后句“Soitcanbeespeciallyusefulfordoinggroupprojects,andyoucanconsiderdifferentideasandviewpoints.(所以它對(duì)于做小組項(xiàng)目特殊有用，你可以考慮不同的想法和觀點(diǎn)。)”可知，后面講到小組課題，考慮不同的觀點(diǎn)和看法，所以頭腦風(fēng)暴指的是成員們都能提出看法的小組會(huì)議。所以選擇項(xiàng)G“Itconsistsofagroupmeetingwheremembersthrowoutanyidea.(它包括一個(gè)小組會(huì)議，在那里成員拋出任何想法。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選G。【20題詳解】依據(jù)前句“Nooneisbornknowinghowtostudy,sostudyskillsareveryimportant.(沒(méi)有人生來(lái)就知道如何學(xué)習(xí)，所以學(xué)習(xí)技巧是特別重要的。)”可知，學(xué)習(xí)方法很重要，但真正重要的是付諸實(shí)踐。所以選擇項(xiàng)F“Butwhatreallymattersisthatyoushouldputtheminpractice.(但真正重要的是你應(yīng)當(dāng)把它們付諸實(shí)踐。)”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。It’smydream.I’mnineyearsoldnow,buthavebeen___21___competitivelysinceIwassix.Iloveit,becauseitmakesmefeelgood.Ihavealotof___22___touseupandIcandoitbyjustmovingmylegs.OnerecentSundaymorning,mymumdrovemetoa5kmraceinMinnesota.Thestartinglinewas___23___becausetherewasalsoa10kmrace.Thatmorning,Iwasrunningconfidentlyandfeeling___24___.Atonepoint,Icametoa___25___inthecourse.Awomanwhowasdirectingus___26___therouteIthoughtIwasmeanttotakeandtoldmetogotheotherway.Iwasconfused,butIhadtofollowher___27___.AfterawhileIsawroutedirectionsfora10kmrace.Iwasworried,thinkingIwas___28___,buthadtokeepgoing.Mybodystartedtoget___29___.Isaidtomyself,“You’realmostthere.Justkeep_____30_____.”_____31_____Isawthefinishline.Icouldn’tbelieveit.Ididn’tevenknowIwasrunninga10kmandIhad_____32_____it.Ididn’tdothisonpurpose.Itwasa_____33_____.Ifelthappyandproud.Itwasmyfirsttimerunningsucha(n)_____34_____.Ithasmademewanttodomore10kmraces.Ihopemystory_____35_____otherpeopletorun,too.21.A.hiking B.swimming C.driving D.running22.A.time B.resource C.energy D.patience23.A.separated B.crowded C.prepared D.limited24.A.shallow B.strong C.strange D.sensitive25.A.fork B.barrier C.station D.bridge26.A.blockedoff B.pulledoff C.tidiedup D.gaveup27.A.example B.heart C.directions D.feelings28.A.stuck B.lost C.deserted D.involved29.A.fueled B.adapted C.tired D.relaxed30.A.waiting B.shaking C.watching D.breathing31.A.Initially B.Actually C.Obviously D.Eventually32.A.won B.quit C.changed D.expected33.A.dream B.mistake C.balance D.lesson34.A.test B.risk C.adventure D.distance35.A.allows B.enables C.inspires D.presses【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.B25.A26.A27.C28.B29.C30.D31.D32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者參與一次5千米的長(zhǎng)跑競(jìng)賽，結(jié)果陰差陽(yáng)錯(cuò)，贏得了10千米競(jìng)賽的勵(lì)志故事。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我現(xiàn)在九歲了，但是從六歲起就起先參與長(zhǎng)跑競(jìng)賽了。A.hiking遠(yuǎn)足；B.swimming游泳；C.driving開(kāi)車(chē)，駕駛；D.running跑步。依據(jù)第三段“Thatmorning,Iwasrunningconfidently”中的running可知，作者從六歲起先參與長(zhǎng)跑競(jìng)賽。故選D項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我有很多能量要消耗，我可以通過(guò)移動(dòng)我的腿來(lái)做到這一點(diǎn)。A.time時(shí)間；B.resource資源；C.energy能量；D.patience耐性。依據(jù)常識(shí)，長(zhǎng)跑要消耗能量。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：起跑線(xiàn)上擠滿(mǎn)了人，因?yàn)檫€有一場(chǎng)10公里的競(jìng)賽。A.separated分開(kāi)的，隔開(kāi)的；B.crowded擁擠的；C.prepared打算的；D.limited限制的。依據(jù)空后緣由“還有10公里競(jìng)賽”可推知，人很多，起跑線(xiàn)上擠滿(mǎn)（crowded）了人。故選B項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那天早上，我自信滿(mǎn)滿(mǎn)地跑著，覺(jué)得自己很強(qiáng)壯。A.shallow淺顯的；B.strong強(qiáng)壯的；C.strange生疏的，驚奇的；D.sensitive敏感的。依據(jù)空前runningconfidently及連詞and可知，作者應(yīng)當(dāng)是感覺(jué)自己很強(qiáng)壯（strong）。故選B項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：某一刻，我來(lái)到了賽程的一個(gè)岔路口。A.fork岔路口，叉子；B.barrier障礙；C.station車(chē)站；D.bridge橋。依據(jù)后文“Awomanwhowasdirectingus”中的direct可推知，應(yīng)當(dāng)是在岔路口（fork），才會(huì)有人引路。故選A項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)指揮我們的女人攔住了我以為我會(huì)走的路，讓我走另一條路。A.blockedoff攔住；B.pulledoff脫下，實(shí)現(xiàn)，贏得；C.tidiedup整理，整理；D.gaveup放棄。依據(jù)空后“toldmetogotheotherway”可知，那個(gè)女人讓作者走另一條路，攔住（blockoff）了作者原以為自己要走的那條。故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很困惑，但我必需依據(jù)她指示的方向去跑。A.example例子；B.heart心臟；C.directions方向，指示；D.feelings感覺(jué)，感情。依據(jù)前文“Awomanwhowasdirectingus___6___therouteIthoughtIwasmeanttotakeandtoldmetogotheotherway.”中的direct可知，女人在給作者指方向，所以雖然作者很困惑，但是還是依據(jù)她指示的方向（direction）去跑。故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很擔(dān)憂(yōu)，以為自己迷路了，但還得接著前進(jìn)。A.stuck被困住的；B.lost迷路的；C.deserted被遺棄的；D.involved涉及的。依據(jù)空前的worried可知，作者擔(dān)憂(yōu)自己迷路（lost）了。故選B項(xiàng)。29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的身體起先感到疲乏。A.fueled補(bǔ)給燃料的；B.adapted適應(yīng)的；C.tired疲乏的；D.relaxed放松的。依據(jù)后文“Isaidtomyself,“You’realmostthere.Justkeep___10___.””可知，作者自己給自己加油打氣。其緣由應(yīng)當(dāng)是自己累了（tired）。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)自己說(shuō)，“你就快到了。保持呼吸。”A.waiting等待；B.shaking抖動(dòng)；C.watching觀看；D.breathing呼吸。依據(jù)常識(shí)，跑步的時(shí)候，應(yīng)當(dāng)調(diào)整呼吸，保持呼吸平穩(wěn)。故選D項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我最終看到了終點(diǎn)線(xiàn)。A.Initially最初地；B.Actually事實(shí)上地；C.Obviously明顯地；D.Eventually最終地。依據(jù)前文可知，作者之前感覺(jué)身體疲乏，始終給自己打氣，所以到了終點(diǎn)后，用eventually（最終）表達(dá)自己的欣喜之情。故選D項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我甚至不知道我已經(jīng)贏得了10公里的競(jìng)賽。A.won贏得；B.quit放棄；C.changed變更；D.expected期盼，期望。依據(jù)前文___11___Isawthefinishline.Icouldn’tbelieveit.以及后文“Ididn’tdothisonpurpose.”可知，作者竟然贏得了（win）競(jìng)賽。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。A.dream幻想，夢(mèng)；B.mistake錯(cuò)誤；C.balance平衡；D.lesson課，教訓(xùn)。依據(jù)前文可知，作者本是參與5千米跑步的，但是卻贏了10千米的競(jìng)賽。所以這是一個(gè)“錯(cuò)誤”。故選B項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我第一次跑這么遠(yuǎn)的距離。A.test測(cè)試；B.risk冒險(xiǎn)；C.adventure探險(xiǎn)；D.distance遠(yuǎn)處，距離。依據(jù)常識(shí)，10千米是一段長(zhǎng)的距離（distance）。故選D項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望我的故事也能激勵(lì)其他人跑起來(lái)。A.allows允許；B.enables使能夠；C.inspires激勵(lì)，鼓舞；D.presses按壓，施壓。依據(jù)前文中“Ithasmademewanttodomore10kmraces.”中的domore可知，作者希望自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以激勵(lì)（inspire）他人。inspiresb.todo意為“激勵(lì)某人做某事”。故選C項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Campingisgaining___36___(popular)asawayformanypeopleintheUnitedStates___37___(spend)theirvacation.Whenpeoplecamp,theycansleepinatentoracamper.Somepeopleliketoreally“roughit”andusenoshelterexceptforasleepingbagandsleep___38___thestars.SomepeopledriveacrosstheU.S.in___39___isknownasarecreationalvehicleorRV,whichisatrailer.Insidetherearebeds,atinybathroomandakitchen.TherearecampgroundsallovertheUnitedStates.Manyofthesecampgrounds___40___(equip)withwaterandelectricitysothatpeoplecanwashdishesand___41___(they)andpluginaradioortheircomputers.Mostcampsitesalsohaveafirering,___42___isaholeinthegroundwherepeoplecanmakeafireforroastingfood___43___(safe).Thereusuallyisalsoapicnictableforpeopletoeattheirmeals.Manyofthesecampgroundsprovide___44___(share)bathroomscompletewithshowers.Usually,itis_____45_____(legal)tocampinaplacenotdesignatedasanofficialcampsite,meaningyoucan’tjustpitchatentinaforest.【答案】36.popularity37.tospend38.under39.what40.areequipped41.themselves42.which43.safely44.shared45.illegal【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了美國(guó)的野營(yíng)旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)。【36題詳解】考查名詞。句意：作為美國(guó)很多人度過(guò)假期的一種方式，露營(yíng)越來(lái)越受歡迎。分析句子可知，該空處做動(dòng)詞gain的賓語(yǔ)，名詞popularity“歡迎，流行”。故填popularity。【37題詳解】考查不定式。句意：作為美國(guó)很多人度過(guò)假期的一種方式，露營(yíng)越來(lái)越受歡迎。todo不定式做后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞way。故填t