第5講:名詞性從句

-名詞性從句：名詞性從句的介紹

名詞性從句在句中的作用和名詞或名詞短語的作用是一樣的。

1.我們可以用名詞性從句做句子的主語。

如:ThatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy.

Whetherhe'IIbeabletocomeisnotyetknown.

Whytheyhavenotleftyetisunclear.

我們可以用it來做形式主語。

如:Itwasgoodnewsthateveryonegotbacksafely.

2.我們可以用名詞性從句來做動(dòng)詞的賓語。

如:shesensedthatshewasbeingwatched.

Iwonderif/whetherthat1sagoodidea.

Pollydidn'tknowwhichwaysheshouldgo.

我們可以用名詞性從句來做介詞的賓語。

如：I'minterestedinwhothattallmanis.

TherewasadiscussionaboutwhetherPollyhadfoundtheblindman.

我們可以用it來做形式賓語。

如:weallthoughtitgoodnewsthatthefoghadfinallygone.

Theconductorhasmadeitclearthatnobuseswillberunning.

3.我們可以用名詞性從句來做表語。

如:thetruthisthatthefogistoothinkforthebustorunthatfar.

MyquestioniswhetherPollycanfindherwayhome.

TheproblemishowPollyisgoingtofindusinthecrowd.

4.我們可以用名詞性從句來做一個(gè)名詞的同位語。

如:thefactthatPollydidn'taskfortheman'snameisapity.

Thenewsthattheplanehadcrashedmadeussad.

WhatevergaveyoutheideathatIcansing?

5.我們用that,if/whether或一個(gè)疑問詞來引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。

如:IhopethatPollywillbeOK.

Nooneknewif/whetherhelosthissightbecauseofanaccident.

Shecouldnrtimaginehowtheblindmanhadfoundher.

二名詞性從句：用that或if/whether引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句

1.我們用that來引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。

1）當(dāng)從句是一個(gè)陳述句時(shí)，我們用that來引導(dǎo)名聞性從句。

如:Shesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat.

2）在大多數(shù)情況下，我們不用that來引導(dǎo)介詞后的名詞性從句，但是，可以用that來引導(dǎo)in或except后的

賓語從句。

如:Theproblemliesinthatthemistmaybecomeathickfog.

IdidnfttellhimanythingexceptthatIwasn7tabletofindmywayback.

3）當(dāng)名詞性從句做句子的主語時(shí)，that不能省略。

如:Thatwecouldn'tfindourwayoutwasreallybadnews.

4）在非正式英語中，當(dāng)名詞性從句做句子的賓語或表語時(shí)，that可以省略。

如:Shewished（that）someonewouldcomealongtohelpher.

Thetruthis（that）thebuseswillnotberunning.

1.我們用if或whether來引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。

1）當(dāng)從句是個(gè)一般疑問句時(shí)，我們用if或whether來引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。我們把if或whether后面從句的順

序改成陳述句的語序。

如:Shewondered.Wouldthebusesstillberunning?

Shewonderedif/whetherthebuseswouldstillberunning.

）介詞后只能用而不能用

2whether,ife

如:Sheisnotcertainaboutwhethershehasdoneanythingwrong.

3）當(dāng)從句做主語放在句子開頭時(shí)，只能用whether,而不能用if。

如:Whetheritisgoingtoclearupkeepsmewondering.

）只能用而不能用

4whetherornotfifornoto

如:IwanttoknowwhetherornotthetraingoestoKingStreet.

2.如果and或but引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)并列的that或whether/if引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句后一個(gè)句子的that或whether/if

不可省。

如:Hesaidthathelikedrainverymuchandthathewouldn,tuseanumbrellawhenitwas

raining.

Nooneknowswhetheritwillbefinetomorrowandwhetherhewillcometowork.

-.單項(xiàng)選擇

1.makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.

A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever

2.——It'sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.

一ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,wegotlostonarainynight.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when

3.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwaswedidthismorning.

A.whenB.whichC.whereD.What

4.一Couldyoudomeafavor?

——Itdependsonitis.

A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whatever

5.Theseshoeslookverygood.Iwonder.

A.howmuchcosttheyareB.howmuchdotheycost

C.howmuchtheycostD.howmucharetheycost

6.Doris1successliesinthefactsheisco-operativeandeagertolearnfromothers.

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why

7.Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame.

A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that

8.Doyouhaveanyideaisactuallygoingonintheclassroom?

A.thatB.whatC.asD.which

9.-Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?

一Thereisnooneelse,isthere?

A.whototurntoB.shecanturntoC.forwhomtoturnD.fbrhertoturn

10.Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectanditisroughorsmooth.

A./B.whetherC.howD.what

11.Dannyleftwordwithmysecretaryhewouldcallagainintheafternoon.

A.whoB.thatC.asD.which

12.Mumiscoming.Whatpresentforyourbirthday?

A.youexpectshehasgotB.youexpecthasshegot

C.doyouexpectshehasgotD.doyouexpecthasshegot

13.Thewayhediditwasdifferentwewereusedto.

A.inwhichB.inwhatC.fromwhatD.fromwhich

14.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongeritwas20yearsago,it

wassopoorlyequipped.

A.what;whenB.that;whichC.what;whichD.which;that

15.SomeresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubtacureforAIDSwillbefound.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether

1-5ABDCC6-10BABBB11-15BCCAB

練習(xí)狂練

二,完形填空

36—40DBACB41—45CBDCC46—50BDACD51—55CABCB

OnacoldDecembermorning,mymotherandIwerewalkinghomefromapizzastore.We

weredressedwarmlyandequipped36thevideowehadbeendyingtowatch.Iwasfeeling

alittle37,asIwascarryingourshopping,bagsofsnacksandthevideo.

TheyweresoheavythatIdecidedto38somethings.SoIstartedtowalktowards

thegarbagecanwhenI39apoormanwalkinghisbikeoutoftherestaurantinfront

ofus.Heheldapaperbagwithhisdirtyhand.He40overtoanothernearbygarbage

canandstarted41it.

Isuddenlyfeltvery42.Iknewthismanwouldtakeallhecouldget,43Iwalked

uptohimand44thedrinkandsomesnacksovertohim.Theman,withlinesonhisface

andwrinklesonhisforehead,lookedupin45andtookwhatIgavehim.

Ahugesmile46acrosshisfaceandthiscausedmetofeelindescribable47.I

feltlikeIcouldn?tbe48withmyself,butthenhesaid:"Wow,firstsomeonegives

methissandwich,thenthisdrink,andnowsome49food;thisismydaughter's50

day!”

Hethankedme51andstartedoffonhisbike.Ievenheardhimwhistlingasongas

herodeaway.

Inow52whatismeantbythesaying“givingisgetting”.Everyoneintheworldneeds

help,everyonecan53helpandeveryonewillbehelpedbyshowing54.

Theimageofthatman'shappinesscausedbymysmallgiftappearsinmymindevery

timeIhavethe55_todosomethingnice.

36.A.forB.ofC.aboutD.with

37.A.excitedB.tiredC.puzzledD.satisfied

38.A.throwawayB.eatupC.putdownD.pickout

39.A.heardB.feltC.noticedD.watched

40.A.rodeB.headedC.ranD.fled

41.A.breakingintoB.staringatC.lookingthroughD.searchingfor

42.A.coldB.guiltyC.afraidD.content

43.A.butB.becauseC.ifD.so

44.A.turnedB.thoughtC.handedD.took

45.A.caseB.detailC.surpriseD.return

46.A.disappearedB.spreadC.existedD.paused

47.A.disappointmentB.shameC.victoryD.satisfaction

48.A.happierB.angrierC.sadderD.crazier

49.A.cheapB.cleanC.tastyD.useful

50.A.quietB.busyC.interestingD.lucky

51.A.carefullyB.calmlyC.happilyD.fortunately

52.A.understandB.rememberC.appreciateD.recognize

53.A.refuseB.offerC.receiveD.find

54.A.willingnessB.eagernessC.kindnessD.braveness

55.A.feelingB.chanceC.purposeD.Desire

三.閱讀理解

Thesummerof2011hasbeenagreatyearforseaturtlesalongthecoastofNorthand

SouthCarolina.TheDepartmentofNaturalResourceshavereported3,889nestshavebeen

spottedinSouthCarolinaalone,withthousandsmoreinNorthCarolina.

Mysister-in-lawisaloggerhead（蠕龜）fanandspendsmanyhourspatrolling（巡視）

theturtlenests.Manynights,sheandherfellowvolunteersspendtimelocatingand

protectingthenests.Hergreatestjoyiswatchingthebabyturtleshatchandcrawl（爬

行）safelytothesea.Ontheirjourney,thebabiesfacemanyobstaclesintheirpath,

suchashungrybirdsorholesduginthesand.Lightsfrombeachhousesalsodisturbtheir

triptothesea.Itisaknownfactthattheturtlebabiesareattractedtolightand

sometimesgothewrongway.Mysister-in-lawwillactuallystandintheshallowwater,

withaflashlight,tohelpthebabyloggerheadscrawlintherightdirection.

Adultloggerheadscanweighasmuchas400poundsandhaveashellupto3.5feetlong.

Theadultfemalewilltrek（跋涉）fromtheoceanabout3to6timesperseasonanddeposit

hereggsinthesand.Shepicksaspot,usuallynearthedunes（沙丘）anddigsahole.

Thenshedeposits100to125golfballsizedeggsinthesand.Finallyshetravelsback

totheocean,asherjobisdone.

Besideshelpingtheturtleshatch,theturtlepatrolsprotectthenestswithropesand

signsandthereisafinefordisturbingseaturtlesortheirnests.Theloggerheadis

protectedundertheUSFederalEndangeredSpeciesAct.Thenestingseasonusuallyends

inmid-August,butduetoanincreaseinturtleactivity,theseasonmaylastuntilearly

October.Expertsdon'tknowwhytherehavebeenmoreneststhisyear,butvolunteerslike

tothinkithastodowiththeirdedicationtotheseaturtles.

56.Afterhatching,babyturtlesaresupposedtogotoatlast.

A.thebigseaB.brightplacesC.shallowwatersD.thedunes

57.Accordingtotheauthor,theadultfemaleturtle.

A.layshereggsonthesamespoteveryyear

B.goesashoreatleast12timesayear

C.depositshereggsnearsanddunesinthesea

D.layshereggsinthesandnearsanddunes

58.Whydothevolunteersuseropesandsignsaroundthenests?

A.Tohelpthebabyturtleshatchquickly.

B.Topreventpeopledisturbingthenests.

C.Tohelpfemaleturtleslaymoreeggssafely.

D.Tostoppeoplefromwatchingthecrawlingturtles.

59.Theunderlinedword“dedication“hastheclosestmeaningto"”.

A.donationB.connectionC.devotionD.attitude

56.Ao細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Hergreatestjoyiswatchingthebabyturtleshatchand

crawlsafelytothesea可知，海龜孵化后應(yīng)該回歸大海。

57.Do細(xì)節(jié)理解題。木艮據(jù)第三段中Shepicksaspot,usuallynearthedunesanddigsahole…

可知，海龜一般在沙丘附近挖巢排卵。

58.Bo推理判斷題。從第四段中theturtlepatrolsprotectthenestswithropesandsigns

andthereisafinefordisturbingseaturtlesortheirnests可判斷出，巡邏隊(duì)員

用繩子和標(biāo)示牌保護(hù)海龜?shù)某惭ǎ瑸榈氖遣蛔屓藗兏蓴_它們。

59.Co詞義理解題。志愿者為保護(hù)海龜做出了積極的努力，他們認(rèn)為巢穴的增加在某種程度上得

益于他們的貢獻(xiàn)。

Don'ttalktome;I'mbusywithmyiPhone

RidingaLondonsubway,apersonfromChinawillnoticeonemajordifference:inLondon,

peopledonotlookateachother.Infact,eyecontactisavoidedatalltimes.That's

notrudeness一peoplearejusttoobusytobotherlooking.

Busydoingwhat,youask?Well,they'recertainlynotusingthetimeforamoment

ofquietreflection,noraretheyreadingabook..Newtechnologyhasreplacedquiethabits.

TodaytheonlyacceptableformofbookontheLondonundergroundisane-book.

ApplemustearnafortunefromLondoncommuters（乘車上下班的人）.Sincethelaunch（發(fā)

行）oftheiPhonein2007,over40,000一yes,that's40,000一"apps"（programsdownloaded

fortheiPhone）havebeendesigned.

Commuterslovethembecausetheyaretheperfecttime-fillers.One"app”,called

iShoot,isagamethatfeaturestanks.Anotherone,TubeExits,tellspassengerswhere

tositonthetraintobeclosesttotheexitoftheirdestination.ISteamcloudstheiPhone

screenwhenyoubreatheintothemicrophone.Youcanthenwriteinthe“steam“onyour

phonescreen.

ForthosewithoutaniPhone,anotherAppleproduct,theiPod,maybeanotherchoice.

It'snotjustteenagerswho“plugin“totheirmusic一iPodsareapopularwaytopass

thetimeforallages.

Andifgames,e-booksandmusicaren?tenoughtokeepyouoccupied.Thenperhapsyou

wouldpreferafilm.ThedevelopmentofpalmDVDtechnologymeansmanycommuterswatch

theirfavoriteTVshoworfilmonthewaytowork.Withallthisentertainments,it's

amazingthatpeoplestillremembertogetoffthetrain.

60.PeopleinLondondonotmakeeyecontactonthesubwaybecausetheyarebusy__.

A.goingtoworkB.readingbooks

C.playinggames,readinge-books,listeningtomusicorwatchingfilms.

D.thinkingprivatethings

61.Thosewholikewargamescandownload___totheiriPhones.

A.TubeExitsB.iShootC.ISteamD.iPod

62.Theunderlinedword“occupied”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans.

A.delightedB.controlledC.amusedD.busy

63.Thearticletellsusthat___.

A.technologyischangingthewayLondoncommutersspendtheirtravelingtime

B.Londoncommutersareunfriendlytostrangers

C.Applehasearnedaloofmoneyfromselling40,000iPhones

D.withallthenewtime-fillers,Londoncommutersoftenforgettogetoffthetrain

60—63CBDA

四.單項(xiàng)填空

1.Wehaven'tsettledthequestionofitisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.

A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that

2.AwarmthoughtsuddenlycametomeImightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersfor

mymother'sbirthday.

A.ifB.whenC.thatD.which

3.ThereismuchchanceBillwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.

A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if

4.Pleaseremindmehesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.

A.whereB.whenC.howD.what

5.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous.wegave

somebellsandglasses.

A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhomD.withwhich

6.Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleasedhewasa

manofaction.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether

7.teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.

A.NomatterwhatB.NomatterwhichC.WhateverD.Whichever

8.1justwonderthatmakeshimsoexcited.

A.whyitdoesB.whathedoesC.howitisD.whatitis

9.isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperous

economy.

A.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.It

10.Nobodybelievedhisreasonforbeingabsentformtheclasshehadtomeethisuncleatthe

airport.

A.whyB.thatC.whereD.because

11.Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfbrhethoughtwasnotenough.

A.whereB.howC.whatD.which

12.He