COUNTRIES

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REGIONSThenorth-southdivideinItalyCHAPTER

01OverviewResidentpopulationofItalyfrom2012to2024ResidentpopulationinItaly2012-202461,000,00060,500,00060,000,00059,500,00059,000,00058,500,0002012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024*3Description:AsofJanuary2024,Italyhadapopulationofaround59millionpeople.Overthepastyears,Italy'spopulationexperiencedadecrease.Anagingpopulationandaverylowbirthratearethemaincausesofsuchacontraction.Populationforecastspredictthatthenumberofresidentsinthecountrywillberoughly52.3millionby2050.ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;January2012toJanuary2024;*EstimateReadmoreSource(s):IstatPopulationinItalyasof2024,bymacro-regionPopulationinItalyin2024,bymacro-region18,000,00015,904,97416,000,00014,000,00012,000,00010,000,0008,000,0006,000,0004,000,0002,000,000013,411,48811,723,87511,585,0686,364,344North-westSouthCenterNorth-eastIslands4Description:InJanuary2024,15.9millionpeoplelivedintheItaliannorth-westernregions,themostpopulatedareaoftheRepublic.Moreover,thesouthofItalyhad13.4millioninhabitants,rankingsecondinthecountry.Theislandshad6.4millioninhabitants,representingthelowestpopulationamongthedifferentmacro-areas.?DataabouttheageofthecitizensshowthatcentralItalyhastheoldestpopulation,whiletheyoungestItaliansliveinsouthernregions.ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;January1,2024Source(s):IstatResidentpopulationofItalyin2024,byregionResidentpopulationinItaly2024,byregionNumberofinhabitants02,000,0004,000,0006,000,0008,000,00010,000,00012,000,000LombardyLazioCampaniaVeneto10,020,5285,720,2725,590,0764,851,9724,794,512SicilyEmilia-RomagnaPiedmontApulia4,455,1884,252,5813,890,2503,664,798TuscanyCalabriaSardiniaLiguria1,838,1501,569,8321,508,847Marche1,484,4275Description:In2024,Italy’sresidentpopulationisestimatedtobealmost59millioninhabitants.Aboutone-sixthofthemlivedinLombardy,themostpopulousregioninthecountry.LazioandCampaniafollowed,withroughly5.7millionand5.6millioninhabitants,respectively.ThesefiguresaremainlydrivenbyRomeandNaples,theadministrativecapitalsoftheseregions,andtwoofthelargestmetropolitanareasinthecountry.

ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;January1st,2024Source(s):IstatRateofnetinternalmigrationinItalyin2023,bymacro-region(per1,000inhabitants)NetinternalmigrationrateinItaly2023,bymacro-regionNetmigrationrateperthousandinhabitants-1.0

0.0-4.0-3.0-2.01.02.01.93.0NortheastNorthwestCenter2.30.5Islands-2.6South-3.46Description:Thenetmigrationrateisthetotalsumofresidentsmovinginandoutofanarea.Whenthefigureispositive,moreresidentshavemovedintotheregionthaninhabitantsmovingout.In2023,thenorth-eastofItalyhadthegreatestincreaseininhabitantsnationwide,withanetinternalmigrationrateof2.3per1,000inhabitants,followedbythenorth-west.Onthecontrary,thesouthrecordedanegativenetmigrationrateof-3.4.Hence,thisareaisloosinginhabitantsinfavorofthe[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;Asof2023Source(s):IstatLifeexpectancyatbirthinItalyin2023,bymacro-regionandgenderLifeexpectancyatbirthinItaly2023,bymacro-regionandgenderMaleFemale100908070605040302010085.985.685.684.384.181.781.681.680.179.9NortheastCenterNorthwestSouthIslands7Description:In2023,theaveragelifeexpectancyinnorth-easternregionsofItalyregisteredthehighestfigures.Specifically,lifeexpectancyatbirthformalesreached81.7years,whereasforfemalesitwas85.9years.

ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;2023Source(s):IstatCHAPTER

02DemographicdivideBirthrateinItalyin2023,bymacro-region(per1,000inhabitants)BirthrateinItaly2023,bymacro-regionBirthrateperthousandinhabitants012345678SouthIslands76.7NortheastNorthwestCenter6.46.35.99Description:In2023,thebirthratestoodatsevenbirthsper1,000inhabitantsinthesouthernpartofthepeninsula,themacro-regionwiththelargestratenationwide.Thecenterrecordedinsteadabirthrateof5.9,thelowestvaluedisplayedinthechart.?Thebirthrateinthewholecountryhasconstantlydecreasedoverthepastyears–in2023,6.4childrenwerebornper1,000inhabitants,threeinfantslessthanin2002.

ReadmoreNote(s):Asof2023Source(s):IstatAverageageofmotheratchildbirthinItalyin2023,bymacro-regionAverageageofmotheratchildbirthinItaly2023,bymacro-regionAverageageofmother05101520253035IslandsSouth31.932.3NortheastNorthwestCenter32.632.732.910Description:In2023,theestimatedaverageageofmothersatchildbirthinItalywas32.5years.Accordingtodata,theaverageageofmothersatchildbirthwas32.9yearsinthecenterofItaly,thehighestinthecountry.Instead,inthesouthernregions,mothersgavebirthtotheirfirstchildwhenagedabout32years.ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;2023Source(s):IstatDeathrateinItalyin2023,bymacro-region(per1,000inhabitants)DeathrateinItaly2023,bymacro-region1411.61210811.411.31110.96420IslandsCenterNorthwestSouthNortheast11Description:ThedeathrateinItalyin2023stoodat11.6deathsper1,000inhabitantsintheislands.Thelowestdeathratewasregisteredinthenorth-easternregionsofthecountry,with10.9deathsper1,000inhabitants.

ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;Asof2023Source(s):IstatRateofnaturalgrowthofthepopulationinItalyin2023,bymacro-region(per1,000inhabitants)PopulationnaturalincreaseinItaly2023,bymacro-region0.0-1.0-2.0-3.0-4.0-5.0-4-4.5-4.9-5-5.5-6.0CenterNorthwestIslandsNortheastSouth12Description:Thenaturalincreaseinthepopulationisthedifferencebetweenthenumberoflivebirthsandthenumberofdeathsover1,000individuals.In2023,thenaturalincreaseincentralItalystoodat-5.5per1,000inhabitants,whereasthisvalueinthesouthamountedto-4over1,000residents.Inthesameyear,the?nationwidenaturalincreaseinpopulationwas-4.8per1,000inhabitants.Hence,onlythenorth-eastandthesouthwerebelowthenationalaverage.

ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;Asof2023Source(s):IstatAverageageofthepopulationinItalyin2024,bymacro-regionAverageageofthepopulationinItaly2024,bymacro-region5047.24746.946.245.6454035302520151050CenterNorthwestNortheastIslandsSouth13Description:In2024,theyoungestpopulationlivesinthesouthofItaly.Indeed,theaverageageinthesouthernregionsstandsat45.6years.Onthecontrary,Italianslivinginthecenterandinthenorth-westaretheoldestnationwide.Regionaldataonbirthsshowthatthesouthernregionsrecordthehighestbirthratesinthecountry.ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;Asof2024Source(s):IstatAgedistributionofthepopulationinItalyin2024,bymacro-regionAgedistributionofthepopulationinItaly2024,bymacro-region0-14years15-64years65yearsandolder100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%24.1%63.6%23%25%24.9%24.6%64.3%63.2%63.1%12%63.2%11.8%12.2%12.3%12.6%SouthCenterNorthwestNortheastIslands14Description:In2024,thecentralregionsofItalyhadtheoldestpopulation,withonefourthoftheinhabitantsover65yearsandolder.Bycontrast,thelargestshareofindividualsagedupto14yearslivedinthesouth.?Regionaldataonbirthsshowthesouthernregionshavethehighestbirthrateinthecountry.ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;Asof2024Source(s):IstatCHAPTER

03FamiliesAveragesizeofhouseholdsinItalyin2022,bymacro-regionMeansizeofItalianfamilies2022,bymacro-regionAveragenumberofhouseholdmembers0.00.51.01.52.02.53.0SouthIslands2.42.3NortheastCenter2.22.2Northwest2.116Description:In2022,Italianhouseholdswerelargerinthesouthandintheislandsthaninthenorthofthecountry.Onaverage,familieswereconstitutedonlyofaround2membersinthenorth-westernregions,whileinthesouththeywereformedof2.4individuals.However,inthelastyears,themeannumberofpeopleperhouseholddecreasedinItaly.Between2010and2024,theaveragesizeoffamiliesrangedfrom2.41to2.3components.

ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;Asof2022Source(s):IstatMarriagerateinItalyin2023,bymacro-region(per1,000inhabitants)MarriagerateinItaly2023,bymacro-regionMarriagesperthousandinhabitants0.00.51.01.52.02.53.03.53.54.0SouthIslands3.4NortheastNorthwestCenter32.92.9Italy3.117Description:In2023,thesouthregisteredthehighestmarriagerateper1,000inhabitants.Inthismacro-region,theratestoodat3.5marriagesper1,000residents.Bycontrast,thenorth-westernandcentralregionshadthelowestmarriagerate,belowthenationalaverage.ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;2023Source(s):IstatAverageageofwomenatfirstmarriageinItalyin2022,byregionWomen'smeanageatfirstmarriageinItaly2022,byregionAverageageatmarriage0510152025303540CalabriaSicilyCampaniaApulia31.731.831.932.8BasilicataMolise32.933Abruzzo33.7Veneto34UmbriaMarcheLombardyPiedmontTrentino-SouthTyrol34.134.134.334.534.518Description:In2022,theaverageageofItalianwomenatfirstmarriagewas33.6years.Fromaregionalperspective,thehighestaverageagewasrecordedinEmilia-RomagnaandSardinia,wheretheaverageageofthebridereachedaround35years.Emilia-Romagnawasalsotheregionwiththeoldestgroomsinthecountry.Amaleinhabitantoftheregioncouldgetmarriedattheaverageageofalmost40years.Onthecontrary,womenfromthesouthernregionsgotmarriedearlier,at32.3years.[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;Asof2022Source(s):IstatAverageageofmenatfirstmarriageinItalyin2022,byregionMen'smeanageatfirstmarriageinItaly2022,byregionAgeinyears0510152025303540CampaniaSicilyCalabria34.334.434.6ApuliaBasilicataMolise35.235.736AbruzzoVeneto36.837Umbria37.2Marche37.237.337.437.6LombardyPiedmontTrentino-SouthTyrol19Description:In2022,theaverageageofmeninItalyattheirfirstmarriagewas36.5years.Inthenorth-ItalianregionofEmilia-Romagna,theaverageageofgroomswasalmost40years,thehighestfigureinthecountry.Onthecontrary,themeanageofmenattheirfirstmarriagewasthelowestinthesouthernregionsofCampania,Sicily,andCalabria.Maleresidentsinthesouthgotmarriedat35yearsonaverage.Inthesameyear,thenumberofmarriagesinItalyamountedto189,000.Inthenorth[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;Asof2022Source(s):IstatAveragenumberofchildrenbornperwomaninItalyin2023,bymacro-regionFertilityrateinItaly2023,bymacro-regionAveragenumberofchildrenperfemale0.6

0.80.00.20.41.01.21.4SouthNortheastIslands1.241.231.23NorthwestCenter1.21.1220Description:Thefertilityrateindicatesthenumberofchildrenthatwouldbeborntoawomanifsheweretolivetotheendofherchildbearingyearsandbearchildreninaccordancewithage-specificfertilityratesofthespecifiedyear.InItaly,1.2babieswerebornperwomanin2023.Themacro-regionwiththehighestfertilityratewasthesouth,with1.24childrenbornperwoman,followedbytheislandsandthenorth-east.Onthecontrary,femalesinthecentergavebirthonlytoanaverageof1.12babies.

ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;Asof2023Source(s):IstatCHAPTER

04EconomicdivideGrossdomesticproduct(GDP)inItalyin2022,byregion(inmillioneuros)Grossdomesticproduct(GDP)inItaly2022,byregionGDPinmillioneurosin€050,000100,000150,000200,000250,000300,000350,000400,000450,000500,000LombardyLazio442,297.9€212,588.5€VenetoEmilia-RomagnaPiedmont180,553.3€177,404.4€146,278.3€128,464.9€119,310.5€96,897.4€84,527.5€TuscanyCampaniaSicilyApuliaLiguriaTrentino-SouthTyrolMarche53,934.5€53,049.1€45,686.6€43,037.9€Friuli-VeneziaGiulia22Description:In2022,thehighestregionalGrossDomesticProductinItalywasregisteredintheNorthernregionofLombardy(roughly440billioneuros),followedbyLazio(about210billioneuros)andVeneto(180billioneuros).ThelowestGDPwasrecordedinAostaValley,intheNorth,andinMolise,intheSouthofItaly.ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;Asof2022;CurrentpricesSource(s):IstatGrossdomesticproduct(GDP)inItalyin2022,bymacro-region(inmillioneuros)Grossdomesticproduct(GDP)inItaly2022,bymacro-regionGDPinmillioneurosin€300,000

400,0000100,000200,000500,000600,000700,000North-westNorth-eastCenter647,893.3€454,044.7€410,926.8€South296,324.4€Islands134,461.6€23Description:In2022,thenorth-westandLombardyconfirmedtobeItaly'seconomicdrivingforce,astheGrossDomesticProductreachedalmost650billioneuros,followedbythenorth-eastandthecenter,wheretheGDPamountedtobetween410and450billioneuros.Thelowestfigureswereregisteredinthesouthernpartofthecountry,wheretheGDPrepresentedlessthanhalfofthenorthernregions'value.Inparticular,SicilyandSardinia'sGDPconstitutedroughlyjustsevenpercentofthe[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;2022;CurrentpricesSource(s):IstatGrossdomesticproduct(GDP)percapitainItalyin2022,bymacro-regionGrossdomesticproduct(GDP)perpersoninItaly2022,bymacro-regionGDPpercapitaineurosin€05,00010,00015,00020,00025,00030,00035,00040,00045,000North-westNorth-eastCenter40,888.7€39,311.6€35,051.2€South21,968.8€Islands20,988.3€24Description:ThenorthernregionshadthehighestamountofGrossDomesticProductpercapitainthewholecountryin2022.Infact,thisindicatorstoodataround40,000eurosperinhabitant.InsouthernItaly,instead,theGDPperresidentwasabout20,000euros,thehalfcomparedtotheonerecordedinthenorth.ThesefigureswellrepresentthedeepeconomicdividethatItalyhasbeenconstantlyfacingbetweenthenorthernregions,moreindustrializedandmoredenselypopulated,andthe[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;2022;CurrentpricesSource(s):IstatIndexofgrossdomesticproduct(GDP)percapitainItalyinselectedyearsbetween2005and2025,bymacro-regionGDPpercapitaindexinItaly2005-2025,bymacro-region200520152025140120100801241241221201191161141081076766646040200NorthWestNorthEastCenterSouth25Description:ThesnapshotprovidedbyPrometeiaabouttheeconomicsituationthroughoutdifferentItalianareashighlightsthatdisparitiesareaseriousissueinthecountry.ComparingtheindexedGDPpercapitain2005,2015,and2025itcomesoutnotonlythatintheNorthofItalytheGDPpercapitahasalwaysbeentwofoldlikenedtotheSouth,butalsothatthegapisexpectedtofurtherincreasein2025.Inlikemanner,in2018,theSouthernregionsCampania,Sicily,andCalabriaweretheoneswith[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;2019to2025Source(s):PrometeiaCHAPTER

05LaborandemploymentNumberofactiveenterprisesinItalyin2022,bymacro-regionNumberofactivecompaniesinItaly2022,bymacro-region1,600,0001,355,7431,400,0001,200,0001,000,000800,000600,000400,000200,00001,013,529963,666925,832406,653IslandsNorth-westCenterNorth-eastSouth27Description:In2022,4.6millioncompanieswereactiveinItaly,30percentofwhichheadquarteredinthenorth-west.CentralItalywasthesecondmostindustrializedregion,witharoundonemillionregisteredcompanies.Onthecontrary,only400,000businesseswereruninSicilyandSardinia,onethirdoftheenterpriseslocatedinthenorth-westandonlyninepercentofthetotalItalianfactories.ReadmoreNote(s):ItalySource(s):IstatAverageannualgrosssalaryinItalyin2023,byregionAverageannualgrosssalaryinItaly2023,byregionAverageannualgrosssalaryin€05,00010,00015,00020,00025,00030,00035,000LombardyTrentino-SouthTyrolLazio33,055€32,178€31,945€31,921€31,668€31,510€31,285€30,958€30,845€30,732€30,730€NorthLiguriaPiedmontEmilia-RomagnaAostaValleyVenetoCenterFriuli-VeneziaGiuliaTuscany30,171€29,134€Marche28Description:Locatedinthenorthofthecountry,Lombardyhadthehighestmeangrosssalaryin2023,whileworkersinBasilicataearnedthelowestaveragewagesnationwide.ThefigureforLombardyamountedto33,055euros,around870eurosmorethaninLazio,wherethecapitalRomeissituated,asreportedby?JobPricing.AlwaysinthenorthislocatedTrentino-SouthTyrol,theregionwiththesecond-highestaveragegrosssalary,32,200eurosperyear.Thelastpositionsoftherakingwereoccupied[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Italy;Asof2023Source(s):JobPricingUnemploymentrateinItalyfrom2020to2023,bymacro-regionUnemploymentrateinItaly2020-2023,bymacro-region202020212022202318%16%14%12%10%8%16.7%16.5%14.6%14.3%8.8%8.4%7.1%6.6%6.2%6.3%5.9%5.6%5.4%6%4.8%4.6%4.5%4%2%0%North-westNorth-eastCenterSouth29Description:InItaly,theunemploymentrateinthesouthernregionshasbeensignificantlyhigherthanint