目錄2003年華中師范大學寫作與翻譯考研真題及詳解2004年華中師范大學455寫作翻譯考研真題及詳解2005年華中師范大學464寫作翻譯考研真題及詳解2006年華中師范大學448寫作翻譯考研真題及詳解2007年華中師范大學433寫作翻譯考研真題及詳解2008年華中師范大學835寫作翻譯考研真題及詳解2010年華中師范大學821寫作翻譯考研真題及詳解2011年華中師范大學833寫作翻譯考研真題及詳解2012年華中師范大學829寫作翻譯考研真題及詳解2013年華中師范大學829寫作翻譯考研真題及詳解

2003年華中師范大學寫作與翻譯考研真題及詳解PartⅠComposition(75%)Burnoutistheconditionofinnerdumbness,generallyamixtureofdepression,exhaustionandinnerdissatisfaction.AccordingtoaUnitedNationsreport,threeoutofeverytenworkersintheUKsufferfromburnout—thediseaseofthemodemworld.Writeacompositionofabout400wordstoshowsomecasesofburnoutandofferyouadvicetothosewhosufferfromthepressuresofmodemlife.WriteyourcompositionontheANSWERSHEET.【參考范文】Nowadays,withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomyanddailyincreasingworkingpressure,manypeopleinjobmarketaresufferingfromburnout.Ifyou’refeelingexhaustedandoverworked,you’renotalone.Jobburnoutisn’tsimplybeingboredordisenchantedwithyourwork.Rather,it’stheresultofprolongedworkstressandischaracterizedbyexhaustion,cynicism,alowersenseofaccomplishmentandseverelyreducedproductivity.Burnoutcanalsoleadtoincreasesinstresshormones,heartdisease,andmentalhealthissueslikedepression.Peoplealwaysknowallaboutthedangersofburnout.Theyevenknowthatworkingtoomanyhours,likemulti-tasking,clobbersyourproductivity.Andyetthere’salwaysthatonemoretaskthatneedsfinishing,onemore

emailtowrite,oronemoreimpatientcustomerorbosswhodoesn’twanttowaittillMonday.Sopeopleworkalittlebitharder,andthenalittleharderthanthat,togetitalldone.Andtheydothisweekafterweek.Prettysoonthey’resouredontheirjob,sleep-deprived,andirritablebothatworkandathome.They’resufferingfromabadcaseofburnout.Buttryastheymight,theycan’tmakeyourjobanyeasier.Herearemytacticsthatmayhelppeopletopushthroughhigh-stresstimes.Firstofall,neverforgettohaveenoughsleepnomatterhowbusyyouareatwork.Notonlydoesagoodnight’ssleepimproveyourmoodandcognitiveability,itactuallyhelpsyougrowbraincells.Whereassleepdeprivationisassociatedwithawholehostofmentalandphysicalailments,andwillactuallymakeyouagemorequickly.Whateverelseyouhavetodoistogiveupthedemandsofyourcrazyjobandmakesurethatgettingagoodnight’ssleepeverynightisoneofyourpriorities.Secondly,pleasegetplentyofexercise.Exerciseisaknownmoodelevatorandstressbuster,aswellassomethingthatyourbodyneedstoremainhealthy.There’sevidencethatadailytwo-milewalkcanhelpyourcognitivefunction.Sofitsomeexerciseinyourscheduleeveryday,itwillhelpyoutogainahealthierandmoreenergeticbody.Lastbutnotleast,youcanputavacationonyourcalendar.Havingavacationonyourcalendarwillgiveyousomethingtolookforwardto.Andasthedateapproaches,resistanytemptationtoreschedule.Takingavacationwillgiveyourmindarest.Youmightbesurprisedathowreinvigoratedandinspiredyou’llbegettingbacktowork.Beingburnoutinthissocietyisnotstrange.What’simportantistomake

surethatyoucandealwiththissituationwithpropermeasures.【范文點評】本文圍繞“職業倦怠”這一話題展開論述。第一段主要介紹了職業倦怠產生的背景與原因。第二段主要描寫了大部分人在面對職業倦怠時的做法，并在末尾處表明作者要對職業倦怠時期人們提出建議。第三段主要建議人們無論多忙都要保證充足的睡眠。第四段建議人們要多進行身體鍛煉，提高身體素質。第五段建議人們可以進行適當的休假以放松身心。第六段總結全文，表示職業倦怠不稀奇，重要的是人們要施以合理對策。PartⅡTranslation(75%)Ⅰ.FillineachblankwithonewordandwritethosewordsontheANSWERSHEET.1.Iftranslationisclassifiedaccordingtothesignsinvolved,itcanbeclassifiedinto_____,_____and_____.【答案】interlingualtranslation;intralingualtranslation;intersemiotictranslation【解析】按照所涉及的語言符號來說，翻譯主要分為語內翻譯、語際翻譯和符際翻譯。這是雅可布森的翻譯理論。2.Translationistranslatingmeaning.Intheviewpointofsemiotics,meaningisakindof_____,thethreetypesofmeaningare_____,_____and_____.【答案】relation;designativemeaning;intralingualmeaning;pragmatic

meaning【解析】翻譯就是翻譯意義，在符號學中，意義是一種關系，意義分為所指意義、言內意義和語用意義。這是查爾斯·莫里斯的符號意義理論。3.Writingsystemisasystemofvisualsignsoflanguage.Asfaraswritingsystemisconcerned,ChinesediffersfromEnglishinthatChineseisan_____systemwhileEnglishisan_____system.【答案】ideographic;alphabetic【解析】漢語是表意的文字系統，而英語是表音的文字系統。4.TheChinesegrammarisfeaturedby_____whiletheEnglishgrammarisfeaturedby_____.TheChinesesyntaxischaracteristicof_____whiletheEnglishsyntaxischaracteristicof_____.【答案】implicit;explicit;semantics;grammar【解析】漢語語法是隱性的，英語語法是顯性的。漢語句子重語意，英語句子重語法。5.Comparativelyspeaking,theChinesewordorderis_____whiletheEnglishwordorderis_____.【答案】temporalsequence;spatialsequence【解析】漢語語序遵循時間順序原則，而英語語序遵循空間順序原則。

Ⅱ.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.DoyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.Springpassed;summerturnedtoautumn;itwaswinter,andthenagainthesloeswereinblossomandthehawthornsgreenandspringhadcome.ButitwasspringintheNorthnow,andDorothywaslivingalonewithherbrotherinasmallcottageatGrasmereinthemidstofthehills.Nowafterthehardshipsandseparationsofyouththeyweretogetherundertheirownroof;nowtheycouldaddressthemselvesundisturbedtotheabsorbingoccupationoflivingintheheartofNatureandtrying,daybyday,toreadhermeaning.Theyhadmoneyenoughatlasttoletthemlivetogetherwithouttheneedofearningapenny.Nofamilydutiesorprofessionaltasksdistractedthem.DorothycouldramblealldayonthehillsandsituptalkingtoColeridgeallnightwithoutbeingscoldedbyherauntforunwomanlybehaviour.Thehoursweretheirsfromsunrisetosunset,andcouldbealteredtosuittheseason.Ifitwasfine,therewasnoneedtocomein;ifitwaswet,therewasnoneedtogetup.Onecouldgotobedatanyhour.OnecouldletthedinnercoolifthecuckoowereshoutingonthehillandWilliamhadnotfoundtheexactepithethewanted.【參考譯文】春天走了，夏去秋來，跟著是冬天，然后又是刺李開花，山楂變綠，春天再次來臨。但現在北部正是春天，在群山之間的葛來斯彌小鎮上，多蘿西跟她的兄弟住一處小小農舍里。經歷了那些艱難困頓與青年時的別離，他們終于團聚在自己家里了。他們可以日復一日，在大自然的懷抱里自由徜徉，無牽無掛。他們的錢足夠能過日子，不必為生活所累，也沒有家務跟工作的牽絆。多蘿西可以整天在山上閑逛，或者整晚

上跟卡拉瑞聊天，再也不怕姨媽責罵她不像女孩家了。從太陽出來到下山，時間整把都是他們的，依著季節辦事。如果天好，就不用回家，如果陰天，就不用起床。什么時候想睡覺都行。如果布谷鳥還在山里唱歌，威廉還沒找到他想要的那個詞去形容，晚飯就讓它涼著去吧。Ⅲ.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.DoyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.野草（節選）夏衍沒有一個人將小草叫做“大力士”，但是它的力量之大，的確是世界無比。這種力，是一般人看不見的生命力，只要生命存在，這種力量就要顯現，上面的石塊，絲毫不足以阻擋，因為它是一種“長期抗戰”的力，有彈性，能屈能伸的力，有韌性，不達目的不止的力。種子不落在肥土而落在瓦礫中，有生命力的種子決不會悲觀和嘆氣，因為有了阻力才有磨練。生命開始的一瞬間就帶了斗爭來的草，才是堅韌的草，也只有這種草，才可以傲然地對那些玻璃棚中養育著的盆花哄笑。【參考譯文】WildGrass(excerpt)XiaYanThoughthelittlegrasshasneverbeensaidtobeHerculean,thepoweritshowsismatchlessintheworld.Itisaninvisibleforceoflife.Solongasthereislife,theforcewillshowitself.Therockaboveitisnotheavyenough

topreventtheseedfromgrowing,becauseitisaforcethatkeepsgrowingoveraperiodoftime,becauseitisanelasticforcethatcanshrinkandexpand,becauseitisatenaciousforcethatwillnotstopgrowinguntilitisgrown.Theseeddoesnotchoosetofallonfertilelandbutindebris,instead.Theseedwithlifeisneverpessimisticorsad,forithasundergoneresistanceandpressure.Thegrassthatbeginstofightitswayoutrightafteritsbirthisstrongandtenacious,andonlythatgrasshastherighttosmilewithprideatthepottedplantsinglassedgreenhouses.

2004年華中師范大學455寫作翻譯考研真題及詳解PartⅠComposition(75%)Directions:NowadaysthereismuchtalkaboutResearch-orientedLearningorStudybyResearch.Usethisasthetitleandwriteacompositionofround400wordsfromtheperspectiveoftalent-cultivationortalent-development.Yourarticleshouldbewell-rounded.【參考范文】TheRightWayofEducationWiththedailyincreasingimportanceofeducation,theissueonresearch-orientedlearningortalent-cultivationlearningisdiscussedhotly.Somepeopleholdtheviewthatweshouldadoptresearch-orientedlearning,forstudentscanonlybecultivatedbyconstantlyhardwork.Whileothersbelievethatthetalent-cultivationlearningmattersbecauseweshouldn’tforcechildrentodothingsonwhichtheyhavenotalent.Inmyopinion,weshouldteachstudentsfromtheperspectiveoftalent-cultivationasConfuciussaid“Teachingstudentsinaccordancewiththeiraptitude”.Forparents,theyshouldgiveuptheirblindeducationandfindchildren’stalents.Todaylotsofparentsholdhighhopesontheirchildrenandneglectthepersonalityandinterestofchildren.Theypushchildrentovariouskindsoftrainingcoursesandresearches,whichleadstoasituationthatstudentslosethemselvesundertheenormouspressure.Childrenwouldhave

noideaoftheaimofstudyingthosecourses.Thoughtheparentshavethewilltomaketheirchildrenbetter,itwouldactuallygeneratenegativeeffects.Thustherightthingforparentsistofindoutchildren’stalentandfocusonthecultivationofit.Forteachers,theyshouldgivetopprioritytoteachingstudentsinaccordancewiththeiraptitude.Intheprocessoftalent-cultivatededucation,teachersaretheessentialpart.Teachingstudentsinaccordancewiththeiraptitudeshouldbethecruxofteaching.Inviewofthedifferencesofindividuality,teachersshouldanalyzethevariousfactorswhichrestrictstudents’improvingofabilityandusedifferentmethodsanddemandstoteachdifferentones.Inaword,teachershouldactaccordingtotheprinciplesofkeepingstudentsinterestsandconfidence.Asstudents,ofcourse,wearesupposedtodevelopcomprehensivecompetenceofmoral,intellectualandphysicaldevelopment.However,asamatteroffact,eachofushasdifferentinnateconditions,differentpersonalhobbies,differentgoalsandwishes,soitisdifficulttoimplementatemplateeducation.Itwillbeunimaginableliteraryteenagerswholoveliteratureandarefascinatedbypoetryandsongsareaskedtoimmersethemselvesinthephysicsandchemistry.Therefore,it’simportantforstudentstorealizetheirtalentsandtellparentsandteacherstheirinterestsifpossible.Tosumup,everyonehashisowntalentandshouldbecultivatedbytalent.Theblindresearch-orientedlearningwoulddonogoodtochildren.Parents,teachersandstudentsthemselvesshouldfocusontalent-cultivation,whichistherightwayofeducation.【范文點評】

本文圍繞“應采取天賦培養的方式進行教育”為主題展開論述。第一段描寫了不同人對“以學習研究為中心”和“以天賦培養為中心”進行教育的不同觀點，并提出作者的觀點，即教育應以天賦培養為中心，進行“因材施教”。第二段從家長的角度論述了這一觀點。第三段表述了教師應當怎樣做。第四段從學生的角度進行論述。最后一段總結全文并重申觀點。PartⅡTranslation(75%)Section1QuestionsandAnswers(15%)1.Intheexamplebelow,“transparentclarity”,inthesourcetextisturnedinto“清澈的晴空”inthetargettext.Whatdoyouthinkofthisadjustmentmadebythetranslator?Whydoyouthinkso?Thestarstwinkledintransparentclarity.星星在清澈的晴空中閃爍。【參考答案】Ithinkthisadjustmentisexcellent.It’sakindofspecification.Specificationreferstotheuseofaclearandspecificwaytotranslateamoregeneralizedexpressionintheoriginaltext.TherearemanywordsintheoriginalEnglishtext,causingtheliteralmeaningofthewholesentenceveryabstract.IftheequivalentistranslatedintoChinese,notonlythetranslationisdifficulttoexpresstheoriginalintentionoftheoriginalauthor,butalsothesemanticsofthetranslationisambiguous.Itisdifficulttogivethereaderanaccurateconcept.Inthiscase,thetranslatorcanexpresstheseliterallyambiguouswordsandexpressionsinChinesewithclearmeaningsandspecificwordsbasedonthespecificlinguisticenvironmentandcontextualaffair.Thenitwouldbecomemorespecificandmoregeneral.

2.WhatarethedifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishingrammarandsyntax?【參考答案】TheChinesegrammarisimplicit,whileEnglishgrammarisexplicit.Chineseisanideogramandananalyticallanguage,whileEnglishisanalphabeticlanguage,whichisofheavilyformallogic.Chinesesentencesdependonthesemantics,thecontextandtheorderofwords.Itisoftenunnecessarytouseotherwordstoconnectwords,andthelogicalrelationshipisreflectedinwords.However,thesyntacticstructureofEnglishisimportant.Syntaxreferstothecombinationofthevariouscomponentsinthesentenceandtheappropriateconnectionsofwords,whichareusedtoreflectthelogicalrelationship.Inthissense,theEnglishsentencesarestrictandcompact.3.“池”istranslateddifferentlyin池塘(pool,pond),噴水池(fountain),花池(flowerbed),舞池(dancefloor),樂池(orchestrapit)and城池(city).Whatisthisphenomenon?Howshouldatranslatordealwithproblemsresultedfromthisphenomenon?【參考答案】Whenawordhastwoormoremeaningsthatarerelatedconceptuallyorhistorically,itissaidtobepolysemousorpolysemic.Wordsofthiskindarecalledpolysemicorpolysemouswords.Whenfacingpolysemyintranslation,atranslatorcandoasfollows:(1)chooseanddeterminethemeaningofwordsaccordingtothewordclassinthesentence;(2)chooseanddeterminethesenseofawordinaccordancewithitscontextandthecollocationofwordsinthesentence;(3)extendwordmeaningbasedonthefundamentalmeaningoftheword,trytofurtherexpounditsmeaning,

andthenselectmoreappropriatewordstoexpressit.Thisapproachisdividedintoabstractionandmaterializationofthemeaning.Section2English-ChineseTranslation(30%)TheSongoftheRiverW.S.MaughamYouhearitallalongtheriver.Youhearit,loudandstrong,fromtherowersastheyurgethejunkwithitshighstern,themastlashedalongside,downtheswiftrunningstream.Youhearitfromthetrackers,amorebreathlesschant,astheypulldesperatelyagainstthecurrent,halfadozenofthemperhapsiftheyaretakingupwupan,acoupleofhundrediftheyarehaulingasplendidjunk,itssquaresailset,overarapid.Onthejunk,amanstandsamidshipsbeatingadrumincessantlytoguidetheirefforts,andtheypullwithalltheirstrength,likemenpossessed,bentdouble;andsometimesintheextremityoftheirtravailtheycrawlontheground,onallfours,likethebeastsofthefield.Theystrain,strainfiercely,againstthepitilessmightofthestream.Theleadergoesupanddownthelineandwhenheseesonewhoisnotputtingallhiswillintothetaskhebringsdownhissplitbambooonthenakedback.Eachonemustdohisutmostorthelaborofallisvain.Andstilltheysingavehement,eagerchant,thechantoftheturbulentwaters.Idonotknowhowwordscandescribewhatthereisinitofeffort.Itservestoexpressthestrainingheart,thebreakingmuscles,andatthesametimetheindomitablespiritofmanwhichovercomesthepitilessforceofnature.【參考譯文】河之歌

毛姆沿河上下都可以聽見那歌聲。它響亮而有力，那是船夫，他們劃著木船順流向下，船尾翹得很高，桅桿系在船邊。它也可能是比較急促的號子，那是纖夫，他們拉纖逆流而上。如果拉的是小木船，也許就只五六個人；如果拉的是揚著橫帆的大船過急灘，那就要200來人。船中央站著一個漢子不停地擊鼓助威，引導他們加勁。于是他們使出全部力量，像著了魔似的，腰彎成兩折，有時力量用到極限就全身趴在地上匍匐前進，像田里的牲口。領頭的在纖繩前后跑來跑去，見到有人沒有全力以赴，竹板就打在他光著的背上。每個人都必須竭盡全力，否則就要前功盡棄。就這樣他們還是唱著激昂而熱切的號子，那洶涌澎湃的河水號子。我不知道詞語怎樣能描寫出其中所包括的拼搏，它表現的是繃緊的心弦，幾乎要斷裂的筋肉，同時也表現了人類克服無情的自然力的頑強精神。Section3Chinese-EnglishTranslation(30%)一件小事（節選）魯迅跌倒的是一位女人，花白頭發，衣服都很破爛。伊從馬路邊突然向車前橫截過來；車夫己經讓開道，但伊的破棉背心沒有上扣，微風吹著，向外展開，所以終于兜著車把，幸而車夫早有點停步，否則伊定要栽個大筋斗，跌倒頭破血出了。伊伏在地上，車夫便也立住腳，我料定這老女人并沒有傷，又沒有別人看見，便很怪他多事，要自己惹出是非，也誤了我的路。我便對他說：“沒有什么的，走你的罷！”

車夫毫不理會，——或者并沒有聽到，——卻放下車子，扶著那老女人慢慢起來，攙著胳臂立定，問伊說：“你怎么啦？”“我摔壞了。”【參考譯文】ASmallEvent(excerpt)LuXunThefallenpersonwasawoman,withstreaksofwhiteinherhairandwearingraggedclothes.Shehaddartedsuddenlyfromthesideofthestreetandcrosseddirectlyinfrontofus.Therickshawmanhadswervedaside,buthertatteredcotton-paddedvest,unbuttonedandflutteringinthewind,stillgotcaughtontheshaft.Fortunately,therickshawmanhadslowedhispace;otherwiseshewouldsurelyhavebeenthrownheadoverheelsandseriouslyinjured.Theoldwomanwasdownonallfours;therickshawmanhalted.AsIwassureshewasnothurtandnooneelsehadseenthecollision,Ithoughttherickshawmanwasoverreacting.Hewassimplyaskingfortroubleanddelayingmyjourney.“Thisisnothing,”Isaidtohim.“Justgoon!”Buttherickshawmanignoredmycommand,orperhapshedidnothearme.Heputdowntheshaftsandgentlyhelpedtheoldwomantoherfeet.Supportingherbythearm,heasked:“Areyouallright?”

“Iamhurt.”

2005年華中師范大學464寫作翻譯考研真題及詳解PartⅠComposition(75%)Inrecentyears,therehasbeenamarkedincreaseinthepurchaseofprivatecars.Pleasewriteacompositionof400words,discussing“OwningaPrivateCar”.【參考范文】OwningaPrivateCarWiththerapiddevelopmentofChina,manyoutstandingchangeshavetakenplace,oneofwhichistheincreaseofprivatecars.Ontheonehand,somewealthypeoplewhoareeitherthebossoftheprivatecompanyorthewhite-collarmanagersinbigcompanieshavetheirownprivatecars.Ontheotherhand,someyoungpeoplewhoarefuture-mindedbuyprivatecarsbyloansfrombanks.Isitagoodorbadthingtohaveaprivatecar?Justasacoinhastwosides,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesofhavingaprivatecar.Havingacarofyourownmeansnomoretravelingtoworkoncrowdedbusesorsubwaytrains;insteadyoucandropoffthechildrenatschoolontheway.Moreover,italsomeansthatyoucanenjoytheweekendsandholidaysbetter,becauseacarenablesyoutogotoplaceswheretheregularbusesandtrainsarenotcovered.Inthisway,youmayfindaquietscenicspotwithnocrowds.

However,notallurbancitizenswouldbuycars,noteventherich.Theirfirstconsiderationisthattheycannotstandtheever-risingpriceofthefuel,yetnocarcanmovewithoutfuel.Thenextthingisthemoneyspentonregularmaintenanceandrepairwhichseemsincalculable.Asimplerepairusuallycostsfromfiftytoonehundredyuan.Anotherproblemistheparkingdifficulty.Mostapartmenthousesdonotprovidegarages.Whatismorevexing,thereareusuallynotenoughparkinglotsinurbanareas,andparkinginawrongplacewillbefined.Itisoftenthecasethatcarsareslowerthanbikeswhentrafficiscongested.Inaddition,theyareafraidoftheircarsbeingstolen.Skillfulthievesareeverywhereandthepoliceforcesareinadequate.Havingconsideredbothsidesoftheargument,Ihavecometotheconclusionthattheadvantagesofowningacaroutweighthedisadvantages.Therefore,itseemstomethatChinashouldincreaseitsoutputofautomobilesandenlargetheprivatecarmarket.Theresultwouldbethatcarswouldbecomecheaper,whileatthesametime,theextrademandwouldencouragetheautoindustrytoproducemoreefficientandfamily-orientedvehicles.SoIthinkweshouldtakeadvantageofprivatecarsandmakethemserveusbetter.Inthemeantime,Ihopethatsatisfactorysolutionstothesenegativeproblemswillbefoundsoon.【范文點評】本文圍繞“擁有私家車”這一話題展開論述。第一段主要分析了當今私家車增多的原因并描述了擁有私家車有利有弊。第二段主要描述了擁有私家車的好處。第三段描述了私家車帶來的一些問題。最后一段表明作者的觀點，即擁有私家車是利大于弊的事情，我們應充分利用其好處并希望早日解決私家車帶來的問題。

PartⅡTranslation(75%)Section1English-ChineseTranslation(40%)IrrationalManAnobserverfromanotherplanetmightwellbestruckbythedisparitybetweentheenormouspowerwhichouragehasconcentratedinitsexternallifeandtheinnerpovertywhichourartseekstoexposetoview.Thisis,afterall,theagethathasdiscoveredandharnessedatomicenergy,andthatwill,inafewyears(perhapsinafewmonths),haveatomic-poweredplaneswhichcanflythroughouterspaceandnotneedtoreturntomotherearthforweeks.Whatcannotmando?ButifanobserverfromMarsweretoturnhisattentionfromtheseexternalappurtenancesofpowertotheshapeofmanasrevealedinournovels,plays,painting,andsculpture,hewouldfindthereacreaturefullofholesandgaps,faceless,riddledwithdoubtsandnegations.Thisviolentcontrastbetweenpowerandimpoverishmentisfrightening,foritrepresentsadangerouslaggingofmanbehindhisownworks;andinthislagliestheterroroftheatomicbombwhichhangsoveruslikeimpendingnight.HeresurelytheordinarymanbeginstocatchafleetingglimpseofthatNothingnesswhichbothartistandphilosopherhavebeguninourtimetotakeseriously.【參考譯文】無理之人另一個星球的觀察者可能會被我們這個時代集聚在外部生活中的巨大能量與我們藝術試圖揭示的內在貧困之間的差異所震撼。畢竟，這是發現并利用原子能的時代，并且在幾年內（也許在幾個月內），原子動

力的飛機將出現，它可以在外太空穿梭數周而不需要返回地球。人還有什么做不到的？但是如果火星的觀察者將他的注意力從這些外在附屬的權力轉移到我們揭示人性的小說，戲劇，繪畫和雕塑中，他會發現一個充滿破洞與裂縫的生物，沒有面孔，渾渾噩噩。權力與貧窮之間的這種激烈對比太令人恐懼了。因為它代表著人類的輝煌成就背后隱藏的危險。在這種滯后中，原子彈的恐怖就像即將到來的夜晚一樣籠罩著我們。在這里，普通人必然會開始瞥見藝術家和哲學家所認為的在我們這個時代開始的虛無。Section2Chinese-EnglishTranslation(35%)福州——歷史文化名城福州是福建省省會，全省政治、經濟和文化的中心，又是中國歷史文化名城，著名的商貿城市和沿海開放港口城市。因“州西北有福山”，得名福州；北宋英宗年間福州太守張伯玉號召市民遍植榕樹，綠蔭滿城，“暑不張蓋”，故名榕城；城內屏山、于山、烏山三山鼎峙，環境獨特，別稱“三山”，又因地處中國東南沿海，史有“左海”之稱。這里山川秀麗，人文薈萃，千古不滅。福州是中國與東洋各地交往的著名港口，是“海上絲綢之路”的重要門戶。改革開放20年來，福州經濟建設和社會各項事業蓬勃發展，是鑲嵌在中國東南沿海的一顆璀璨的明珠。【參考譯文】Fuzhou—AFamousHistoricalCulturalCityFuzhou,capitalofFujianProvince,istheprovince’spolitical,economicandculturalcenter.Itisalsoarenownedhistoricalculturalcityandabustling

openportinChina’ssoutheastcoast.ItwasnamedFuzhoubecause“There’sFuMountaininthenorthwestofthiscity”.DuringtheNorthernSongDynasty(960-1127),FuzhouPrefectureChiefZhangBoyuencouragedlocalresidentstoplantbanyan(asmall-fruitedfigtree)inthecity.Thetreequicklyshadedthecity,givingFuzhouanothername,BanyanCity.Thethreemountainsinthecity，whicharecalledPingshan,YushanandWushan,erectlikethethreelegsofatripod.TheuniqueenvironmentalsogivesFuzhouanothername,“ThreeMountains”.Anditisalsoknownas“Zuohai”becauseitislocatedonthesoutheastcoastofChina.Itboastsbeautifulmountains,agatheringoftalentsandaprolongedprosperity.Asanage-oldfamousportservingChina’stradewithEastandSoutheastAsia,thecitywasamajoroutletforthecountry’s“MarineSilkRoad”inancienttimes.Overthepast20yearsofreformandopening,thecityhasachievedvigorousprogressineconomicconstructionandvarioussocialundertakings,becomingashiningpearlonChina’ssoutheastcoast.

2006年華中師范大學448寫作翻譯考研真題及詳解PartⅠComposition(75%)“Differentattitudetowardsone’ssuccessinlanguagelearninghasadirecteffectonthelearningresult.”Thinkofatitleandwriteacompositionofroughly400wordstoshowyouropinionsonthestatement.【參考范文】WhataSuccessinLanguageLearningActuallyMeansDifferentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsofthesuccessinlanguagelearning.Somepeoplethinkthatiftheyhavegainedhighscoresinlanguagetests,theywouldbemastersofthatlanguage.Somepeopleholdtheviewthatasuccessinforeignlanguagemeansthattheycanusethelanguagefreelywhilecommunicatingwithnatives.Inmyopinion,amasterofaforeignlanguagemeanshecanuseitinthecommunicationwithnativespeakersaswellaslearnabouttheirculturesandlifestyles.Ontheonehand,thetest-orientededucation,inasense,misleadsthestudents’attitudestowardsthesuccessoflanguagelearning.TheythinkthattheymustbeasuccessfullanguagelearneriftheyachievehighmarksinEnglishtest.Forexample,CollegeEnglishTestBandFourorSixissooveremphasizedinmostcolleges.Studentstendtolearnlanguageforthesakeofscores.Thatistosay,studentslearnEnglishwiththeonlypurposetopasstheexamination.Asaresult,students’actuallanguagecompetenceis

weakenedinspiteofhighpassingrates.Ontheotherhand,theultimatepurposeforustolearnalanguage,however,shouldbeusingitintocommunicatewithnativespeakersorevenattaintheknowledgeoftheirculturesandlifestyles.Weallknowthatduetoculturaldifferences,manythingsarejustsodifferentfromculturetoculture.Forexample,theChineseoftengreeteachotherbyasking“Haveyoutakenyourmeal?”which,tothewesternears,wouldmakeaninvitationtolunchordinner.Therefore,thelackofknowledgeofcultureswillgiverisetomisunderstandings.Howcanwesaywearesuccessfullanguagelearnerswhileweareunabletospeakfreelywithnatives?What’smore,thelifestyleofthepeoplewhoselanguagewearelearningisalsosomethingweneedtoknowinorderthatwecanspeaktheirlanguageproperly.Forinstance,theChineseeatpork,butthisisnotthecasewithMuslins.Also,Muslinsareveryreligiouspeopleandperformritualsmanytimesaday.Ifwedon’tknowthesethings,howcanweexpecttocommunicatewiththemwithoutincurringtroubles?Inthislogic,ifwecannotmakesurethatwearespeakingtheirlanguagewell,howcanwesaythatwehavelearnedtheirlanguagewell?Tosumup,wecandrawtheconclusionthattobesuccessfullanguagelearners,weneedtobeabletocommunicatewithnativesaswellastheculturesandlifestylesofthepeoplewhospeakit.【范文點評】本文圍繞“如何才算得上學好一門語言”為主題展開論述。文章第一段主要描述了針對這一問題的兩種觀點：有人認為能考過語言測試就算學好一門語言，有人認為會用該語言交流才算學好，進而提出自己的觀點。既要能夠運用該語言與該國人進行溝通又要了解該國家的文化與人

們的生活習慣才算得上學好這門語言。第二段主要論述了應試教育扭曲了許多學生對于成功二語習得的看法。第三段主要描述了作者認為的學好第二語言的體現。最后一段總結全文，再次表明觀點。PartⅡTranslation(75%)Section1English-ChineseTranslation(40%)AParagraphSelectedfromJustinebyLawrenceGeorgeDurrelScobieisasortofprotozoicprofileinfogandrain,forhecarrieswithhimasortofEnglishweather,andheisneverhappierthanwhenhecansitoveramicroscopicwood-fireinwinterandtalk.Onebyonehismemoriesleakthroughthefaultymachineryofhisminduntilhenolongerknowsthemforhisown.BehindhimIseethelonggreyrollersoftheAtlanticatwork,curlingupoverhismemories,smotheringtheminspray,blindinghim.Whenhespeaksofthepastitisinaseriesofshortdimtelegrams—asifalreadycommunicationswerepoor,theweatherinimicaltotransmission.InDawsonCitythetenwhowentuptheriverwerefrozentodeath.Wintercamedownlikeahammer,beatingthemsenseless:whisky,gold,murder—itwaslikeanewcrusadenorthwardintothetimberlands.AtthistimehisbrotherfelloverthefallsinUganda;inhisdreamhesawthetinyfigure,likeafly,fallandatoncegetsmoothedoutbytheyellowclawofwater.No,thatwaslaterwhenhewasalreadystaringalongthesightsofacarbineintotheverybrainboxofaBoer.Hetriestorememberexactlywhenitmusthavebeen,droppinghispolishedheadintohishands;butthegreyrollersintervene,thelongeffortlesstidespatrolthebarrierbetweenhimselfandhismemory.【參考譯文】勞倫斯·喬治·達雷爾小說《賈斯汀》選段雨霧籠罩中，斯考比的身影模糊成某種原生動物般的輪廓。因為他周身的那一種英國式的天氣，他從未感到更甚此刻的愉悅——在這樣的冬季里，他竟能夠坐在一小簇火堆旁愜意地聊天。過去的記憶接連不斷地從他那渾噩的“精神裝置”中涌泄，直到他不再記得任何事。而在他背后，我望見大西洋那無邊無際的暗濤翻涌不息，巨浪卷起他涌出的記憶，那些鮮活的記憶便因窒息而溺亡，令他目眩魂迷。當他談及過去，他的話語就如同一系列短促又晦暗的電報信號——仿佛溝通的語言已十分貧乏，表辭達意亦受到這雨霧天氣的阻礙。在道森，那十個過河的人已經凍死了。寒冬就像一記重錘突然墜下，無情地摧殘著他們：威士忌，黃金，兇殺——就像一支新的十字軍向北侵入了林地。他的兄弟自烏干達的瀑布墜落而下的時候，他于夢境中看見那人渺小的肉體，就像只蒼蠅，落下，然后頃刻間就湮沒在污黃的波濤魔爪之中。不，這夢境發生在那之后：他獨自凝視一具布爾人的頭蓋骨——那里收納著一柄卡賓槍。他竭力去想起那件事究竟發生在何時，將他那顆光亮的腦袋埋在兩手之間；只可惜滾滾的灰色巨浪令他無法如愿，潮汐蕩起的綿長漣漪，正幽然巡視著他與他的記憶之間橫斷的屏障。Section2Chinese-EnglishTranslation(35%)艱難的國運與雄健的國民李大釗歷