初中英語語法--被動語態

英語的語態分主動語態和被動語態兩種。主動語態的主

語是動作的執行者；被動語態的主語是動作的承受者。

eg.Wemakeacar（主動句）.一Acarismadeby

us（被動句）。（主語變成by的賓語）

一、構成是：be+及物動詞的過去分詞。

Theworkisfinishedbyhim2）Chineseisspoken

bypeopleinChina.

二、被動語態的時態

1.一般現在時：am/is/are+過去分詞eg.English

isspokenbyEnglishmen.

2,一般過去時：was/were+過去分詞eg.Thema

chinesweremadeinChina.

3.一般將來時:will/shall/begoingtobe+過去分詞

eg.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldinourschool

nextweek.

4.現在完成時：have/hasbeen+過去分詞eg.The

workhasbeendonebythem.

5.含情態動詞的被動語態：can/may/must/should

+be+過去分詞（haveto也符合）

eg.Hemustfinishthework----Theworkmust

befinishedbyhim.

HehastospeakEnglish.--Englishhastobe

spokenbyhim.

三被動語態的特殊用法

1、短語動詞（如：lookafter,laughat,listento,speakto,take

careof,giveup,putoff,）等作謂語，變被動語態時，要把它們看作一個

整體，其中的介詞或副詞不能漏掉。

eg.Welookafterthebabycarefully.---Thebabyislookedafter

carefully.

Weshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely.----Theoldshouldbespoken

topolitely

2、感官動詞（see,watch,notice,hear,feel等）和不帶to的不定式（let,

make,have等）變被動語態時，要加上to。

EgIsawtheboyplayinthestreet.----Theboywasseentoplayinthe

street.

Shemademestandfor45minutes.。-----1wasmadetostandfor45minutes.

Ihearhimsinging-----Heisheardsinging.（接ing的還保持ing）

3、帶雙賓語的句子變被動語態時，如果物作主語，通常要在人前加to,但當

動詞為make,mend,buy,get,sing,cook,fetch,等時，要在人前加for

EgTheypassmealetter.----Iwaspassedaletter.或Aletteris

passedtome.

HeboughtmeabookIwasboughtabook\Abookwasboughtforme

4、當賓語后的補足語是形容詞，變被動語態時，只能將賓語變為被動語態的主

語，而賓補保留在謂語后面。

EgWemustkeeptheroomclean-----Theroommustbekeptclean

四特別提醒

1）只有及物動詞和及物動詞短語才有被動語態，不及物動詞沒有被動語態如

arrive,die,,happen,takeplace,fall,rise,belongto）和感官動詞

sound,feel,look等也沒被動

Theaccidenthappenedin1968.Hefellintotheriver.

Thepaperfeelssofto

2）在一些固定短語中常用被動語態

Itissaid/reported/supposed/believedthat???（據說/據報道/據

推測/有人相信……）。例如：

Itissaidthatheisadoctor.據說他是個醫生。=Peoplesaythatheis

adoctor

3）主動形式表被動意義的幾種情況。，（如read,act,write,sell等）

egThestory-booksellswell.這本故事書很暢銷。

Thisbikerideswell.這個自行車好騎

Themachinerunswell.機器運轉良好。

被動語態訓練題

一單項選擇

()1.Thelightintheroombeforeyouleave.

A.mustturnoffB.willturnoffC.areturnedoffD.mus

tbeturnedoff

()2Theyoungtreesplantedinspring.

A.mustB.haveC.mustbeD.mustare

()3.Theoldpeoplewellinourcountry.

A.islookedafterB.arelookedafterC.looksafte

rD.lookfor

()4.Aliceisill.Shetohospitalatonce.

A.issentB.mustbesentC.cansendD.mustsend

()5.Thefactoryin1958.

A.wasbuiltB.isbuiltC.willbebuiltD.built

()6.Ourteachertoldusthattheclassroomevery

A.shouldbecleanedB.shouldcleanedC.shallbecle

anedD.mustcleaned

()7.Thestudentswasmadethequestionsbythete

acher.

A.answerB.toanswerC.answeringD.answered

()8.Thesunwhenwegotthere.

A.wasrisenB.hasbeenrisenC.hadrisenD.isri

smg

()9.EnglishinCanada?

A.Do,spokenB.Is,spokenC.Are,spokenD.Does,

speak

()10.Henottoleavewasterpapereverywhere.

A.tellsB.toldC.wastoldD.hastold

()11.Who____"TheFamily","Spring"and"Autumn”

_____?

A.was,writtenB.were,written

C.were,writtenbyD.are.Writtenby

()12Halfoftheworkbeforesix.

A.canbedoneB.willdoC.weredone

()13Hewasmadefortwelvehours.

A.toworkB.workC.worked

()14.一Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?

—Yes.Ourclassroomeveryday.

A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleanedD.iscleaning

（）15.一DidyougotoJack'sbirthdayparty?

一No,I.

A.amnotinvitedB.wasn'tinvitedC.haven'tinvitedD.didn't

invite

（）16一Mum,canIgotothezoowithJack?

一Whenyourhomework___,youcan.

A.isdoneB.wasdoneC.doesD.did

（）17.Anaccidentonthisroadlastweek.

A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappened

D.happened.

二、改寫句子

l.Theybuiltanewschoolinthevillagelastyear.（改為被動語態）

Anewschoolinthevillagelastyear.

2.1ntheolddayspeopleusedteapots（茶壺）tomaketea.（改為被動

語態）

Intheolddaysteapotstomaketea.

3.Thismakesmefeelthirsty.（改為被動語態）

Ifeelthirstybythis.

4.Didyoubuythisbikefromtheshop?（改為被動語態）

fromtheshop（by

you）?

5.Onlythisyear,millionsoftreeshasbeenplantedbythesoldiers.

（改為主動語態）

Onlythisyear,Thesoldiersmillionsof

trees..

三改成被動語態

1FarmersgrowriceinthesouthofChina.

2.Hegavemeanewdic