廣東省江門市2024屆高三下學期一模考試英語試卷

學校：___________姓名：班級：___________考號：

一'閱讀理解

Whetheryouareafineartloverorhistoryenthusiast,therearesomemuseumsthatyou

shouldvisitinyourlifetime.Here9salistofthebestmuseumsintheworld.

LELOUVRE,PARIS

AvisittotheLouvreletsvisitorsdiscoverancientcivilizationsandWesternartfromthe

MiddleAgesto1848.Thepalaceofthemuseum,datingbacktothetwelfthcenturyand

developedbyarchitectsfrom1200to2011,isalessoninarchitecture.Themostfamousart

workisLeonardodaVinci9s“MonaLisa”.

THEUFFIZIGALLERIES,FLORENCE

Themuseumoccupiesalargebuildingconstructedbetween1560and1580.Ifsfamous

foritsoutstandingcollectionsofancientsculpturesandpaintingsfromtheMiddleAgestothe

Modernperiod,andmainlyknownforitspaintingsbyItalianartists.

THEBRITISHMUSEUM,LONDON

Asthefirstnationalmuseumtocoverallfieldsofhumanknowledge,itwasfoundedin

1753andopeneditsdoorsin1759.Itseightmillionobjectsallowustoexplorethediversity

ofhumancultures,anddiscovertheexpressionsinhumanbeing'slife.Itboaststheworld's

secondfinestcollectionofEgyptianantiques.

THEMETROPOLITANMUSEUMOFART,NEWYORK

Alsoknownas“theMet",it'sthelargestartmuseumintheAmerica.Presentingover

5,000yearsofartfromaroundtheworld,themuseumlivesintwositesinNewYork:The

MetFifthAvenueandTheMetCloisters.Sinceitsfoundingin1870,ithasbeenatreasuryof

rareandbeautifulobjects,rangingfromEuropeanpaintings,Egyptiancollectionsto

Americanpaintings.

1.WhichmuseumisbestknownforancientstatuesintheMiddleAges?

A.TheLouvre.B.TheUffiziGalleries.

C.TheBritishMuseum.D.TheMetropolitanMuseum.

2.WhatcanvisitorsenjoyinboththeBritishMuseumandtheMet?

A.ArtworksfromEgypt.B.Expressionsaroundtheworld.

C.Rareobjectsofhumanculture.D.PaintingsfromEuropeandAmerica.

3.Whereisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Anintroductiontoarts.B.Anessayonarchitecture.

C.Aguidebooktomuseums.D.AreviewofEgyptianpaintings.

Acrosstheworld,humanspurchasearound1.3billionsingle-useplasticwaterbottlesaday.

Becauseonlyabout9%ofplasticisrecycled,thevastmajorityofthosebottleswindupin

landfills,theocean,orelsewhereinnature.

Whenbeach-lovingMadisonnoticedthoseplasticbottlesduringherfamily'stripsto

California,the12-year-old'justfeltlikethisneededtochange/9shetoldSmithsonian

Magazine.

Soasshebeganthinkingaboutwhattodoforherschoolsciencefairbackin2021,theidea

ofaprojectcenteredonreducingplasticpollutionquicklycametohermind:shewould

designaneatablewaterbottlecalledtheEco-Hero.

“Oneofmybiggestambitionsformyprojectwaswantingtohelptheworld/9theconfident

younginventorsaidinavideoonthewebsite.

Tobringherideatolife,Madisonbuiltuponthealreadyestablishedmethodby

experimentingwithcommonfoodmaterials.Shealsotookinspirationfrompreviousversions

ofeatablewaterbottles,thoughshefocusedonmakinghersbiggerandmoredurable.She

foundthatthecombinationofwater,lemonjuice,naturalgum,andAlginicacid（褐藻酸）

resultedinagelpouchthatwouldn'tbreak,couldholdupto3/4cupofwater,andwouldlast

inthefridgeforthreeweeks.

Thoughshe'dliketoimprovetheEco-Herobymakingitabletoholdmorewater,she

believeshercurrentversionwouldworkwellasareplacementforthepapercupsusedby

runnersinraces.Alloneneedstodoisbiteaholeinthewaterball,drinkthewater,andthen

eatthepouchorthrowitawaytobiodegrade.

MadisonhopestheEco-Heroinspiresotherstotakebettercareoftheplanet."Itdoesn't

necessarilyhavetobeinabigway,“shetoldSmithsonian."Peoplecanstillmakea

differenceintheworld,evenififsjustinasmallway.”

4.WhatinspiredMadison'sdesignofaneatablewaterbottle?

A.Herschool'stask.B.Herfamily'surge.

C.Herlovefornature.D.Hertripstothebeach.

5.WhatcanweknowabouttheEco-Hero?

A.Itisacopyofthepreviousversions.

B.Itismadefromunbreakablematerials.

C.Itisanimprovementinsizeanddurability.

D.Ithasaholeandshouldbedisposedonceused.

6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMadison?

A.Ambitiousandcreative.B.Talentedanddetermined.

C.Courageousandconfident.D.Cooperativeandcommitted.

7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.B.Smallpeoplemakebigmoves.

C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.

Demographicchanges,suchasagingpopulationsanddecliningbirthrates,posechallenges

aswellasofferopportunitiesforindustriesandcountries.Toovercomethechallengesand

seizetheopportunities,especiallytoachievelong-termeconomicsustainability,economies

needtoenhancepoliciespromotinginnovations.

NowmanycountriesinEastAsiaarefacingtheagingpopulationanddecliningworking-

agepopulationproblem.Comparedwithotheradvancedcountries,Japanencounteredthe

populationagingproblemataslightlyearlierstage,startinginthemid-1990s.AsJapan's

percentageofelderlypopulationtothetotalpopulationincreased,itimpactedthecountry's

economy,leadingtoacontractionindomesticdemandanddeclineinbothproductionand

consumption,andrestrictingthegrowthofeconomy.

SomeinnovativecompanieshaveactivelyincreasedoutwardFDI(ForeignDirect

Investment),providingcostadvantagesfrominexpensiveoverseaslabortomaintaintheir

costcompetitiveness.However,theglobaleconomyisfacingthechallengeofdecliningtrade

owingtotheprotectionismpracticedbycertaincountries.Consequently,thechancesof

boostinggrowththroughoutwardFDImaybelimited.

Developingartificialintelligenceisanothersolutiontothenegativeimpactsofthe

demographicchanges.AIandroboticswillplayacrucialroleinstimulatingproductivityand

innovationbymakingpaymentforthedeclineintheworking-agepopulation,andthe

followingincreaseinproductivitywillinturnraisethedemandforlaborbycreatingnew

employmentopportunities.

AI,roboticsandotheradvancedtechnologiesgiverisetonewtaskswithintheirfieldsand

acrossothersectors.Therefore,itisnecessarytoemploycooperationpoliciestosupport

corporationsthatpromoteinnovationsbyincreasinginvestmentinresearchanddevelopment,

facilitatingthegrowthofnewcompanies,andbuildingaperfectsystemtoprotectintellectual

properties.SinceAIandroboticsmayreplacecertainjobs,itisessentialtoaddressthe

potentialchallengestheymaycreateinthelabormarketandworkoutstrategiestoensurea

balancedandcomprehensivetransition.

8.Whatdoweknowaboutdemographicchangesfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Thereisnoneedtoworrysincethechangesofferopportunities.

B.Thechangeswon'taffectthelong-termeconomicsustainability.

C.Japanistheonlyadvancedcountryfacingthechangesatpresent.

D.Thingsshouldbedonetoovercomethechallengesposedbythechanges.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"contraction“meaninthesecondparagraph?

A.Push.B.Decrease.C.Pause.D.Change.

10.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetoFDI?

A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Objective.D.Indifferent.

11.Whatdoesthewriteradvisetotacklethenewtasksposedbyadvancedtechnologies?

A.Withdrawinginvestmentinresearchanddevelopment.

B.Adoptingpoliciesthatencourageinnovationofcorporations.

C.Establishingnewcompaniestoprotectintellectualproperties.

D.Creatingpotentiallabormarketformorepossibleemployments.

Figuringoutbiodiversitypatternsanddetectingrareorjust-good-at-hidingspecieshas

longposedchallengesforecosystemmonitoringandconservationefforts.Traditionalsurvey

methodsarelaborintensiveandcoverlimitedareas.Now,emergingenvironmentalDNA

(eDNA)techniquesopennewpossibilities.

Scientistscollectwaterorsoilsamplesfromanenvironmentandextract(提取)anyDNA

tracesleftbehindbyorganisms.ThisistheenvironmentalDNA(eDNA).Theythenuseone

ofthetwoanalysismethods一quantitativePCR(qPCR)orDNAsequencing(DNA測序).

SimilartoCOVIDtests,qPCRisusedtodetectifaspecificspecies9DNAisinthesample.

Forexample,researcherstestedriverwatereDNAtoseeifendangeredfishXwaspresent.

Whenitwasdetected,theyconfirmedthatthefishlivedinthatriverwithoutdirectlyseeingit.

DNAsequencinganalyzesallDNAinthesampleatonce.ScientistscanthenmatchtheDNA

barcodestodatabasestoidentifywhichspecieswereinthesampledenvironment.

AlthougheDNAsamplingcannotidentifynewspeciesorthoseonlyknownfromphotos

andvideosiftheyarenotalreadylistedinthereferencedatabases,therealpowerofitliesin

itsabilitytocaptureawiderangeoforganisms.Withjustonesample,scientistscandetectall

kindsoflivingthings,frombacteriatowhales,inalmostanyenvironmentwherelifeexists,

includingthedeepseaandundergroundcaves.Oneofthemostsignificantadvantagesof

eDNAsamplingisthatitallowsscientiststodetectspeciesthataredifficulttoseeorcapture.

Thisisparticularlyusefulwhenstudyingrareorverysmallspecies,orwhenworkingin

environmentslikedarkwaterwherevisibilityislimited.

Thisisjustthestart.ImagineafuturewhereeDNAdatacouldbecollectedfromthemost

remoteoceansbyautonomousvehicles,analyzedbythedroneoronboardaresearchvessel

（船艦），andintegratedwithothermonitoringdatasomarinemanagersandthepubliccansee

near-real-timedataabouttheconditionoftheocean.Sciencefiction?Notanymore.

12.Whafstheauthor'spurposeofmentioningtheexampleinParagraph2?

A.ToexplaintheprocessofqPCRanalysismethod.

B.TointroducethedefinitionofenvironmentalDNA.

C.Totellthedifferencebetweentwoanalysismethods.

D.ToshowthesimilaritybetweenqPCRandCOVIDtests.

13.WhafstheadvantageofeDNAsampling?

A.Itcandetectspeciesfromphotosandvideos.

B.Itcanhelpscientistscaptureendangeredspecies.

C.Itenablesscientiststoworkininvisibleenvironment.

D.Itcanidentifyanylivingcreaturewithasampleofit.

14.WhatcouldeDNAdatabeappliedtointhefuture?

A.Studyingmicrobialcommunities.

B.Analyzingdiversitychangesovertime.

C.Collectingspeciesinnewenvironments.

D.Offeringstatisticsforoceansupervision.

15.Whafsthemainideaofthetext?

A.Scientistshavemadeabreakthroughinundersearesearch.

B.Rarespecieshavebeendiscoveredwithtwoanalysismethods.

C.Newbiodiversitymonitoringtechniquesarearoundthecorner.

D.Traditionalsurveymethodsareabandonedfortheirshortcomings.

二、七選五

16.It'snosurprisethatthere'salinkbetweenexerciseandmentalhealth.Butscientists

havenowmadeitofficial:researchhasfoundadirectconnectionbetweenmovementand

mood.Whydoesexerciseholdsomanybenefitsforourmentalhealth?①.

Whenourmusclestighten,chainsofaminoacids（氨基酸）calledmyokines（肌細胞因子）

arereleasedintothebloodstream.②.Thiscommunicationincreasesadaptationtostress,

reducessymptomsofanxietyandhasadirecteffectondepression.

ArecentstudypublishedintheBritishJournalofSportsMedicineshowedthattreatment

fordepressioncanbemuchmoreeffectivewhenphysicalactivityisaddedtotheusualcare.

（3）.“Whileexerciseisnotasubstituteforprofessionalmentalhealthtreatment,physical

activitycancomplementandenhancetheeffectsofthetreatment/9saysleadresearcherBen

Singh,aresearchfellowattheUniversityofSouthAustralia.Hesaysregularexerciseina

groupsettingcanboostself-esteemanddecreasefeelingsofisolationandloneliness.

Exercisehelpsbuildkeyconnectionsbetweenthenetworkswithinthebrain,too.（4）.

Studieshaveshownthatphysicalactivitystimulatescreativity,sharpensjudgementskillsand

improvesmentalenergy.Itcanalsohelptoslowage-relatedcognitivedecline,possiblyeven

slowingthepaceofdevelopingAlzheimer'sdisease.

⑤.Inthiswayyou'llkeepgoingbacktothem.Expertssuggestthatyouaimfora

minimumof10to30minutes,threetofivedayseachweek.Gettingsweatyisgoodforyour

bodyandmind.

A.Itcanimproveoverallcognitiveperformance

B.Theyhelpyourmusclesandorganscommunicate

C.Theanswer,studiessay,liesinourbrainchemistry

D.Herearethesuggestionsthatyouaresupposedtopayattentionto

E.Itisamazingtoconsiderhowmovingourbodiescanaffectourminds

F.Togetthebiggesthealthboost,thekeyistobeengagedinsportsyouenjoy

GParticipantsfoundbenefitsafter12weeksofexercisingfor30to60minutesaday

三、完形填空（15空）

In2014,asophomorestudentattheNationalAcademyofChineseTheatreArtswentwith

friendsforabirthdaycelebrationtoBeijingZoo.Littledidheknowthatachance1atthe

aquarium（水族館）therewouldlightalifelongpassion.

Fast-forwardtotoday,Xu,aBeijingnative,has2tothetropicalislandofSouth

China'sHainanprovince,whereheservesasacoral3foraSanya-basedtropical

biologicallaboratoryattachedtotheChineseAcademyofSciences.

Eachday,hespendsseveralhoursdivingdeepunderthewavestoobserveand4the

growthanddevelopmentofthecreaturesthat5himallthoseyearsago.Xu,whois

nicknamed"coralman”,is6engagedonsuchsocialmediaplatformsasSinaWeibo,

whereheregularlysharesvisuallyamazingphotosandentertainingvideosofcorals.Heaims

to7individualstotakeactioninprotectingcoralreefs（珊瑚礁）andtheoceansasawhole.

ForXu,whohadbeenstudyingPekingOperasincechildhood,becomingacoral

conservationistwasan8turnofevents.Afterhefirstsawcoralsattheaquarium,he

beganto9thelocalmarkettolearnaboutcoral10frommerchantswhosell

decorativeplants,fishandcorals.Healso11informationonline.Beforelong,hehadset

upasmallfishtankathomeandstartedcultivatingacoral.

“Thecoralorganismisquitesensitivetoitsenvironmentandhasextremelyhigh12

forwaterquality,"recallsXu.“WhenIstartedgrowingcoral,itsstatewasnot13:'But

asXugainedmore14aboutcoral,includinghowtocontrolfactorslikewater

temperatureandpHlevels,hiscoralgraduallystartedtoflourish.Healsolearnedthatcoral

reefsareknownas"tropicalrainforests^^and"underwatergardens"oftheocean,providinga

15__foraquarterofallseacreatures.

17.A.accidentB.encounter

C.applicationD.performance

18.A.movedB.driven

C.appealedD.signaled

19.A.educatorB.ambassador

C.artistD.conservationist

20.A.approveB.increase

C.documentD.smooth

21.A.separatedB.relieved

C.preservedD.fascinated

22.A.activelyB.finally

C.universallyD.skillfully

23.A.teachB.arrangeC.encourageD.force

24.A.impracticalB.unexpected

C.unfortunateD.unacceptable

25.A.frequentB.expand

C.manageD.improve

26.A.sellingB.observing

C.farmingD.decorating

27.A.answeredforB.broughtin

C.searchedforD.gaveout

28.A.requirementsB.reputations

C.periodsD.priorities

29.A.pureB.goodC.confusingD.strict

30.A.evidenceB.care

C.equipmentD.knowledge

31.A.mapB.homeC.platformD.container

四、短文填空

32.2024istheYearoftheDragonintheChinesecalendaranditisthefirsttimethatthe

OxfordEnglishDictionary(OED)①(include)theterm"Chinesedragon99inits

dictionary.TheChinesedragonhastwodefinitionsintheOED,withthefirstoneaboutits

physicalimageandthesecondoneonitsfigurativeandallusive(典故的)nature.

EmperorsinancientdynastiesweredressedinaDragonRobe,atraditionalsilk-woven

costumewithdragondesigns,②(symbolize)imperialpowerandauthority.JadeSeals

(玉璽)，often(3)(carve)withdragons,alsosymbolizetheauthorityoftheemperor.

Contrary④theWesterndragon,theimageoftheChinesedragon,despiteundergoing

constantchanges,hasrepresentedvarious9positive⑤(quality)includingprosperity,

authority,strengthandgoodfortune.

InancientChinesebelief,dragons⑥(associate)withthecontroloftheweather,

particularlyrain.Thedragon'sabilitytobringrainwasseenascrucialforagriculture,which

madeit⑦positivesymbolforthefertilityoftheland.

WiththerisingChinaChictrendandthecountry'sboomingculturalcreativeindustry,the

Chinesedragoninfolktaleisnow(§)(common)seenincreativeproductssuchastear-

offcalendars,dolls,dragon-themedjewelryaswellasthe“dragonblindboxes"⑨

appealtoyoungconsumers.

Whetheritisthroughthehandsofanational-levelintangible(非物質)culturalheritage

inheritor⑩thehandsofaGenerationZ"blindbox“designer,theChinesedragon

carriesforwardtheChineseculturalspirit.

五、書面表達

33.假定你是李華，周末你市美術館要舉辦中國畫展，請你寫一封郵件邀請交流生朋

友Tom一起前往觀展，內容包括：

1.觀展安排；

2.注意事項。

注意：1.寫作詞數應為80個左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

DearTom,

Yours,

LiHua

六、讀后續寫

34.PostcardsFromtheWorld

Whilethesunwashedoverthegrassofmynanny'sfrontgarden,Isunkintothefamiliarity

ofoneofherarmchairs.Mylifewaschanged,becausemybelovednannyhadcancer.Itwas

terminal,andcouldneverbecured.

AsshewatchedGetawayontelevision,shetoldmethatshe'dneverleftAustraliaandthat

nowsheneverwould.Iswallowedthesadnessthatcamewithknowingthatchaptersofher

lifeweretobeleftunwritten.

Atwork,feelinghelpless,Iwipedtablesandtookordersandthought.TheSaturday

afternoonlunchrushwasnotenoughtodistractmefrommythoughts.Strickenwithgrief,I

ponderedthepowerofFacebookandthecollectivestrengthofhumanempathy.Iracedfrom

theendofmyshifttoaskstrangersontheInternetforhelp.

"MynannyDelhascancer.It'sterminalandshewillneverseetheworld.Pleasesendher

postcardssoshecanseetheworldfromherarmchair.Icanoffernothingbutgratitude."

Iresolvednottobreatheawordofthis;shouldnothingcome,Icouldn'tbeartoseeher

disappointment.Shouldsomethingwanderintoourhumblelittleletterbox,Iwouldconsider

itablessingandembraceitlikeIembracedherlittle,shrinkingframe.

DaysturnedtoweeksandNanny'shealthworsenedrapidlyintheearlymonthsof2018.

Lifetookmethroughmyfull-timestudy,babysittingandwaitingtables,alongwiththe

responsibilityofcaringforagrandparentwhowastoosicktocareforherself.AsIhelped

Nannyintheearlyhoursofthosemornings,shewouldchattomeaboutjoysandsorrows.

Whatevershesharedbecameprecious.

注意:續寫詞數應為150左右。

Oneafternoon,finally,apostcardfromtheUnitedStatesarrivedatourletterbox.

Inthemonthsthatfollowed,herlivingroombecameadeparturehallandourflights

departeddaily.

參考答案

1.答案：B

解析：細節理解題。根據第三段"It'sfamousforitsoutstandingcollectionsofancient

sculpturesandpaintingsfromtheMiddleAgestotheModemperiod,andmainlyknownfor

itspaintingsbyItalianartists.（它以其從中世紀到現代時期的古代雕塑和繪畫的杰出收

藏而聞名，主要以意大利藝術家的繪畫而聞名）”可知，烏菲齊美術館以中世紀的古代

雕像而聞名。故選B。

2.答案：A

解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第二段"Itboaststheworld'ssecondfinestcollectionof

Egyptianantiques.（它擁有世界上第二好的埃及古董收藏）"以及最后一段"Sinceits

foundingin1870,ithasbeenatreasuryofrareandbeautifulobjects,rangingfromEuropean

paintings,EgyptiancollectionstoAmericanpaintings.（自1870年成立以來，它一直是稀有

和美麗物品的寶庫，從歐洲繪畫，埃及收藏品到美國繪畫）"可知，游客在大英博物館

和大都會博物館都能享受到埃及的藝術品。故選A。

3.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段"Whetheryouareafineartloverorhistoryenthusiast,

therearesomemuseumsthatyoushouldvisitinyourlifetime.Here'salistofthebest

museumsintheworld.（無論你是美術愛好者還是歷史愛好者，總有一些博物館是你一生

中應該去參觀的。這里是世界上最好的博物館的名單）”結合文章主要介紹了世界著名

的四大藝術博物館，讓讀者了解它們的建筑歷史、展品特點以及其它的一些相關信

息、。可推知，文章最有可能選自一本博物館指南。故選C。

4.答案：D

解析：細節理解題。根據第二段“Whenbeach-lovingMadisonnoticedthoseplasticbottles

duringherfamily'stripstoCalifornia,the12-year-old'justfeltlikethisneededtochange.5

shetoldSmithsonianMagazine（當熱愛海灘的Madison在加利福尼亞的家庭旅行中注意

到這些塑料瓶時，這位12歲的女孩?覺得這需要改變，，她告訴《史密森尼雜志》廣可

知,Madison在加利福尼亞的家庭旅行中發現海灘上有塑料瓶，這讓她產生了設計可食用

水瓶的想法。故選D。

5.答案：C

解析：細節理解題。根據第五段中的"Shealsotookinspirationfrompreviousversionsof

eatablewaterbottles,thoughshefocusedonmakinghersbiggerandmoredurable.（她還從以

前的可食水瓶中獲得了靈感，不過她專注于讓自己的水瓶更大、更耐用）”可知，她設計的

水瓶在體積和耐用性上有了改善。故選C。

6.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據第五段中的“Tobringherideatolife,Madisonbuiltuponthe

alreadyestablishedmethodbyexperimentingwithcommonfoodmaterials.Shealsotook

inspirationfrompreviousversionsofeatablewaterbottles,thoughshefocusedormaking

hersbiggerandmoredurable.（為了將她的想法付諸實踐,Madison在已經建立的方法的基

礎上，對常見的食物材料進行了實驗。她還從以前的可食水瓶中獲得了靈感，不過她專注

于讓自己的水瓶更大、更耐用）”可推測出,Madison根據已經建立的方法和從以前的可

食用水瓶中獲得的靈感，通過實驗設計出了更大、更耐用的水瓶，由此可推測出,她是一

個有創造力的（creative）人。根據第四段“Oneofmybiggestambitionsformyprojectwas

wantingtohelptheworld,5theconfidentyounginventorsaidinavideoonthewebsite.（這位

自信的年輕發明家在網站上的一段視頻中說:‘我對這個項目最大的抱負之一是想幫助世

界。”可知，她有幫助世界的抱負,由此可推測出，她是一個有抱負的（ambitious）人。故選

Ao

7.答案：B

解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段中Madison的話“Itdoesn'tnecessarily

havetobeinabigway（這不一定要很大）"和"Peoplecanstillmakeadifferenceintheworld,

evenifit'sjustinasmallway.（人們仍然可以在世界上有所作為，即使只是在很小的方面）”

可知，年僅12歲的女孩Madison設計出了可食用的水瓶用自己的方式幫助保護環境，她

認為人們不一定要做出非常大的成就，小事情也能有重要影響，所以B項“小人物也能有

大成就”適合作本文標題。故選B。

8.答案：D

解析：細節理解題。根據第一段"Toovercomethechallengesandseizetheopportunities,

especiallytoachievelong-termeconomicsustainability,economiesneedtoenhancepolicies

promotinginnovations.（為克服挑戰、抓住機遇，特別是實現經濟的長期可持續性，各經濟

體需要加強促進創新的政策）”可知，我們應該采取措施來克服人口變化帶來的挑戰。故

選D。

9.答案：B

解析：詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞上文“AsJapan'spercentageofelderlypopulationtothe

totalpopulationincreased,itimpactedthecountry'seconomy”以及后女"indomesticdemand

anddeclineinbothproductionandconsumption,andrestrictingthegrowthofeconomy”可矢口,

隨著日本老齡人口比例的上升，國家經濟受到影響，國內需求“減少”，從而導致生產力和

消費下降，經濟的增長也受到約束，故劃線詞意思是“減少”。故選B。

10.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段“Someinnovativecompanieshaveactivelyincreased

outwardFDI（ForeignDirectInvestment）,providingcostadvantagesfrominexpensive

overseaslabortomaintaintheircostcompetitiveness.However,theglobaleconomyisfacing

thechallengeofdecliningtradewingtotheprotectionismpracticedbycertaincountries.

Consequently,thechancesofboostinggrowththroughoutwardFDImaybelimited.（一些倉

新型企業積極增加對外直接投資（FDI）,利用海外廉價勞動力的成本優勢保持成本競爭

力。然而，由于某些國家實行保護主義,全球經濟正面臨貿易下降的挑戰。因此,通過對

外直接投資促進增長的機會可能有限）”可推知，作者分別提到了FDI的優點和缺點，即對

FDI的態度是客觀的。故選C。

11.答案：B

解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段"Therefore,itisnecessarytoemploycooperation

policiestosupportcorporationsthatpromoteinnovationsbyincreasinginvestmentin

researchanddevelopment,facilitatingthegrowthofnewcompanies,andbuildingaperfect

systemtoprotectintellectualproperties.（因此，有必要通過加大研發投入、促進新企業成

長、建立完善的知識產權保護制度等合作政策，支持推動創新的企業）”可知，作者建議采

取鼓勵企業創新的政策來應對先進技術帶來的新任務。故選B。

12.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段“Theythenuseoneofthetwoanalysismethods-

quantitativePCR（qPCR）orDNAsequencing（DNA測序）.SimilartoCOVIDtests,qPCRis

usedtodetectifaspecificspecies5DNAisinthesample.Forexample,researcherestedriver

watereDNAtoseeifendangeredfishXwaspresent.Whenitwasdetected,theyconfirmed

thatthefishlivedinthatriverwithoutdirectlyseeingit.（然后人們使用兩種分析方法中的

一種-定量PCR（qPCR）或DNA測序（DNA測序）。與COVID測試類似,qPCR用于檢測

樣品中是否存在特定物種的DNA。例如，研究人員測試了河水的eDNA,看看是否存在

瀕危魚類Xo當它被發現時，他們沒有直接看到它就能確認魚生活在那條河里。廠可知,

作者在第二段提到這個例子的目的是說明qPCR分析方法的過程。故選A。

13.答案：D

解析：細節理解題。根據第三段前兩“AlthougheDNAsamplingcannotidentifynew

speciesorthoseonlyknownfromphotosandvideosiftheyarenotalreadylistedinthe

referencedatabases,therealpowerofitliesinitsabilitytocaptureawiderangeoforganisms.

Withjustonesample,scientistscandetectallkindsoflivingthings,frombacteriatowhales,

inalmostanyenvironmentwherelifeexists,includingthedeepseaandunderground

caves.（雖然eDNA采樣不能識別新物種，或者那些只從照片和視頻中知道的物種，如果它

們沒有被列入參考數據庫，但它的真正力量在于它能夠捕獲范圍廣泛的生物。只需一個

樣本，科學家就可以在幾乎任何有生命存在的環境中探測到各種生物,從細菌到鯨魚，包

括深海和地下洞穴。）”可知,eDNA取樣的優勢是它可以用它的樣本識別任何生物。故

選D。

14.答案：D

解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段"ImagineafuturewhereeDNAdatacouldbecollected

fromthemostremoteoceansbytheautonomousaresearch,analyzedbythedroneoron

boardaresearchvessel（艦），andintegratedwithothermonitoringdatasomarinemanagers

andthepubliccanseenear-realtimedataabouttheconditionoftheocean.（想象一下未來

eDNA數據可以由自動駕駛車輛從最偏遠的海收集，由無人機或研究船上進行分析，并與

其他監測數據相結合，這樣海洋管理者和公眾就可以看到有關海洋狀況的近實時數

據。廣可知,eDNA數據在未來可以應用于為海洋監管提供統計數據。故選D

15.答案：C

解析：主旨大意題。根據第一段“Figuringoutbiodiversitypatternsanddetectingrareor

just-good-athidingspecieshaslongposedchallengesforecosystemnonitoringand

conservationefforts,Traditionalsurveymethodsarelaborintensiveandcoverlimited

areas.Now,emergingenvironmentalDNA（eDNA）techniqueopennewpossibilities.（長期以

來，弄清楚生物多樣性的模式，探測稀有或善于隱藏的物種,一直是生態系統監測和保護

工作的挑戰。傳統的調查方法是勞動密集型的，覆蓋范圍有限。現在，新興的環境

DNA（eDNA）技術開啟了新的可能性。廣可知，文章主要是講新的生物多樣性監測技術即

將問世。故選C。

16.答案：C;B;G;A;F

解析：①根據上文"Whydoesexerciseholdsomanybenefitsforourmentalhealth?（為什么

運動對我們的兒理健康有這么多好處?）"可知，本句主要回答上文的問題，結合后文“When

ourmusclestighten,chainsofaminoacids（氨基酸）calledmyokines（肌細胞因子are

releasedintothebloodstream4當我們的肌肉收紫時，被稱為肌促因子的氨基酸鏈被釋放到

血液中）“提到chainsofaminoacids氨基酸鏈的被釋放，現了正是C選項中chemistry的

體現。故C選項”研究表明，答案在于我們大腦中的化學物質”符合語境故選C。

②根據上文“Whenourmusclestighten,cha