2022—2023學年第二學期期初考試

高二英語

（本試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘）

第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀

下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】

Whatdidthewomandolastnight?

A.Shesawafilm.B.Shedidherhomework.C.Shewentto

Johnson'shome.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:IheardthatyouwenttothemoviewithJohnsonlastnight.Wasthemovieasgoodas

youexpected?

W:rdratherIhaddonemyhouseworkathome.

2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】

Whatactivitydoesthemanlike?

A.Snowboarding.B.Snowkiting.C.Climbing.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Whattypeofexercisingareyouinterestedin?

M:Ilikesnowkitingverymuch.

W:Really?Whafsthat?

M:Ifslikesnowboarding,youknow,goingdownamountainonaboard,butyouhaveakite

attachedto,soyougoevenfaster.

3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】

Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisdrivingtest?

A.Excited.B.Anxious.C.Relieved.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Nicholas,Ifinallygotmydriver'slicense.Ican'twaittobuymyowncar.

M:Wow!Congratulations!I'malittleworriedthatIwillfoilmydrivingtestnextmonth.

W:Takeiteasy!Ibelieveyoucandoitwell.

4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】

Howdoesthewomanusuallyeatcarrots?

A.Shemakesjuiceoutofthem.B.Sheeatsthemraw.C.Shecooksthem.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Doyoulikeeatingcarrots?

M:Yes!They67*9reoneofmyfavoritevegetables.Iloveeatingthemraw,andIoftenmakecarrotjuice

inthemorning.Whataboutyou?

W:Ienjoyeatingcarrotstoo.ButInormallycookthem.

5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】

WhydoesKendraneedhelp?

A.Sheisanewstudent.B.Shemissedsomeclasses.C.Shealwaysfailsin

science.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Hi,Kendra.TmTony,StudentPresidentofClass4.Mr.Jonestoldmetohelpyouon

yourfirstdayhere.Readyforscienceclass?

W:Yeah.Ifsniceofyoutohelpme.I'malittlelost.Who'sourteacher?

M:IfsMs.Green.Andourclassisrighthere.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題L5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、

C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題,

每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩

遍。

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】

6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Unemployment.B.Futurewaysofworking.C.At-homeactivities.

7.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoingathome?

A.Sendingfriendsemails.B.Callingherfriend.C.WatchingTV.

【答案】6.B7.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Work?Inthefuture?Well,Ithinkascompaniesgetmorecomputerized,they9refinding

waysofusingfewerworkers.

M:Yeah.Andmoreandmorepeoplewillbeworkingathomebecauseofcomputers.

W:Wow,rdreallylovethat.Canyouimaginespendingmostofyourworkweekinthecomfortof

yourownhome?

M:Personally,Iwouldhavefreertimetableandgetmuchmoredone.Andwithemailsandphone

callsyoucanstillkeepintouchwitheveryoneyouneedto.

W:Well,TmafraidImightjustsitbackandturnontheTV!

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】

8.Whathappenedintheman'sschool?

A.Thefirealarmwentoutoforder.

B.Hedidn'teathissandwichatnoon.

C.Thestudentsallmissedtheirclasses.

9.Whomightthewomanbe?

A.Theman'sclassmate.B.Theman'steacher.C.Theman'smother.

【答案】8.B9.C

【解析】

【原文】W:You'rehungry,aren'tyou?

M:Howcouldyoutell?

W:Youhavethatlookonyourfacelikeyou'reabouttogetmadfornoreason.

M:Yeah,ifseasytoloseyourtemperwhenyou'retiredorhungry.

W:Whathappenedtoyoursandwich?

M:It'sstillintherefrigeratoratschool.Inevergottoeatit.

W:Whathappened?

M:Thefirealarmwentoff.Weallhadtogooutofthebuildingandwaitforanhour.Wedidn'tmiss

anyclassesbecauseitwasatnoon,butwemissedalloflunch.

W:Oh,no.Well,Imadesomecookies.Wantone?

M:Ofcourse.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】

10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Athome.B.Atschool.C.Inabookstore.

11.WhyisSarahsad?

A.Herpetgotlost.B.Herworkisdifficult,C.Herparentshave

problems.

12.WhatdoesMr.ThompsonsuggestSarahdo?

A.Getanewcat.B.Readabook,C.Focusonher

lessons.

【答案】10.B11.A12.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Hello,Mr.Thompson.MissLennonsaidyouwantedtospeaktome.

M:Yes,Sarah.Andyourworkissuffering.Issomethingonyourmind?

W:Yes,Idofeelalittlebitsad.

M:Whyisthat?Istheschoolworktoohardforyouoristhereaproblemathome?

W:No,no...ifsTony.Tonywasmycat.Hewaslostlastweek.Hewasmybestfriend.

M:Oh,I'msorrytohearthat.Iknowhowthatfeels-andgettinganewcatdoesn'talwayshelp.

W:Icouldn'tdothat.

M:Sarah,I'mgoingtogiveyoualittlebooktoread.IfscalledCopingwithLoss,anditmighthelp

youdealwithyourfeelings.

W:OK,andIwilltrytofocusonmylessons.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】

13.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Showingthewomanaroundbycar.

B.Lookingforanapartmentforhimself.

C.Promotingaflattothewoman.

14.Whatistheadvantageofthefirstflat?

A.Itisgoodbutcheap.

B.Ithasaclassicalkitchen.

C.Itisconvenientforshopping.

15.Whydothetwogirlsrentouttheirapartment?

A.Becauseitiscomfortabletoliveinthecitycenter.

B.Becausetheywantsomeonetosharetheemptybedroom.

C.Becausetheyneedsomeone'shelptocleantheapartment.

16.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Roommates.B.Strangers.C.Friends.

【答案】13A14.C15.B16.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Thanksfordrivingmearound.

M:Don'tmentionit.Ihavetimetoday,andIthinkit'simportantthatyoufindagoodplace.

W:Itwouldbenoteasyformetodoit.Iamnotfamiliarwiththecity.

M:Sowhatdoyouseeinthere?

W:Aflatwithaviewofthelake,nexttoabigsupermarket,includingelectricalequipmentand

parking.Amodernfurnishedkitchen,$470.

M:Canyouaffordthat?

W:No,Iguessnot.ButthafswhatIwant.

M:Yes,aflatusuallyhasonelargeroom,asmallbathroomandasmallkitchen.Soifsgoodfor

oneperson.

W:Thisone.Twogirlsareseekingaroommate.Comfortabledowntownapartment.Doesthismean

Ihavetosharearoomwiththem?

M:No.Itprobablymeanstheyhavealargeapartment.Probablyalivingroom,kitchenandthree

bedrooms.Theyneedsomeonefortheemptybedroom.

W:Soundsgoodtome.Ireallyappreciateyourhelponthis.

M:Mypleasure.Whatarefriendsforanyway?

聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】

17.WhatcanthelistenersreadintheNo.2ReadingRoom?

A.BooksinChinese.

B.Booksinforeignlanguages.

C.Newspapersandmagazines.

18.WhereistheNo.4ReadingRoom?

A.Onthefirstfloor.B.Onthesecondfloor.C.Onthethirdfloor.

19.Whichisforteachersonly?

A.TheReferenceMaterialsCenter.

B.TheNo.3ReadingRoom.

C.TheNo.1ReadingRoom.

20.Howmanycardscanbeusedtoborrowworksofhistory?

A.Five.B.Two.C.One.

【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.C

【解析】

【原文】Goodevening,everyone.Ifthisisthefirsttimeforyoutocometoourlibraryasa

newstudent,letmetellyouabitabouttheservicesweofferhere.Thelibraryhasfourreading

rooms.OnthefirstflooristheNo.1ReadingRoom,whichisfornewspapersandmagazines.On

thesecondfloor,ontheleftasyougoupthestairs,istheNo.2ReadingRoom,whichhasbooks

writteninforeignlanguages.

ImmediatelyaboveitonthethirdflooristheNo.4ReadingRoom,forworksinChinese.The

No.3ReadingRoomonthesecondfloorisfortheuseofteachersandgraduatestudents.Thereis

alsoaReferenceMaterialsCenteronthethirdfloorwhichisforteachersonly.Eachstudentisgiven

fivelibrarycardsforborrowingbooksandoneformagazines.Ofthefivecardsforbooks,onlyone

canbeusedtoborrowworksofhistory.Bookscanbekeptforuptoamonthandmagazinesfortwo

weeks.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

HighSchoolStudioWorkshops

Singlemuseumvisit,2.5hours

Grades9-12

Thesehalf-dayartworkshopsincludeanin-depthexaminationanddiscussionofworksofart

inthegalleries,followedbybehind-the-scenesaccesstotheEducationStudio,wherestudentscreate

arelatedartproject.

Duringtheworkshop,NationalGalleryofArteducatorswillencouragestudentstolook

carefullyatworksofartandthensharetheirresponsesanddeveloptheoriesbasedontheir

observations.

Studentswillhavetheopportunitytocreateaworkofartinthestudioinspiredbywhatthey

haveseeninthegalleries.

MuseumMakers:ExploringArtandMuseums

Grades11-12

TheMuseumMakersprogramexplainshowmuseumsoperateandwhattheyhavetooffer.It

givesupper-levelhighschoolstudentsthetoolstoexperience,understandandinterpretart.

Participantswillgainaninsider'sviewofhowanartmuseumworks.

StudentsmeetforsevenSaturdaysessionsfrom10:00amto3:00pm.Completionofthe

programrequiresattendanceofallsevensessions.

CreativeWritingintheGalleries

Grades7-12,90minutes

Studentswillprovideavoicefortheirpersonalresponsestoartthroughcreativewritingwhile

lookingataselectionofartworksinthegalleries.Usingcloseobservation,groupdiscussion,and

personalreflection,theywillbeguidedthroughexercisesthatusedifferentwritingforms,including

free-formpoetry.

Amaximumof30students(minimumof15)willbeaccommodated(容納)ateachsession.

21.WhatcanstudentsdoduringHighSchoolStudioWorkshops?

A.TheycanexperiencethescenicaccessintheEducationStudio.

B.Theycanbeofferedtheopportunitytoanartentranceexamination.

C.Theycanexpresstheiropinionsanddeveloptheirobservationabilities.

DTheycancreateanartworkrelatedtowhathasbeenseeninthegalleries.

22.Whatdothethreeactivitieshaveincommon?

A.Theylimitthenumberofvisitors.B.Theyaresuitablefora12thgrader.

C.Theyletvisitorsmakehandicrafts.D.Theylastamorningoranafternoon.

23.Wheremightthisarticlebechosen?

A.Atraveljournal.B.Aresearchreport.

C.Anartmagazine.D.Ateachingdesign.

【答案】21.D22.B23.C

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了幾個國家藝術館的課程情況。

【詳解】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HighSchoolStudioWorkshops部分“Studentswillhavethe

opportunitytocreateaworkofartinthestudioinspiredbywhattheyhaveseeninthegalleries.（學

生們將有機會在工作室里創(chuàng)作一件藝術作品，靈感來自他們在畫廊里看到的東西。）”可知學

生們可以創(chuàng)作與在畫廊里看到的東西相關的藝術品。故選D項。

2.細節(jié)理解題。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HighSchoolStudioWorkshopsSinglemuseumvisit部分

“Singlemuseumvisit,2.5hoursGrades9-12（單次參觀博物館，9-12年級2.5小時）”；Museum

Makers:ExploringArtandMuseums部分"Grades11-12（11-12年級）”以及CreativeWritingin

theGalleries部分“Grades7-12,90minutes（7-12年級，90分鐘）”可知，這三種活動的共同之

處是都適合12年級學生。故選B項。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)HighSchoolStudioWorkshops部分“Thesehalfdayartworkshopsinclude

anin-depthexaminationanddiscussionofworksofartinthegalleries,followedbyabehind-the-

scenesvisittotheEducationStudio,wherestudentscreatearelatedartproject.（這些半天的藝術

工作坊包括對畫廊中的藝術作品的深入研究和討論，然后是對教育工作室的幕后訪問，在那

里學生們創(chuàng)建一個相關的藝術項目）"；MuseumMakers:ExploringArtandMuseums部分“It

givesupper-levelhighschoolstudentsthetoolstoexperience,understandandexplainart.（它為高

中高年級學生提供了體驗、理解和解釋藝術的工具）”以及CreativeWritingintheGalleries部

分“Studentswillprovideavoicefortheirpersonalresponsestoartthroughcreativewritingwhile

lookingataselectionofartworksinthegalleries.（學生們將通過創(chuàng)意寫作來表達他們對藝術的

個人反應，同時在畫廊里觀看精選的藝術品）”可知文章主要介紹了與藝術相關的項目情況，

所以文章選自藝術雜志。故選C項。

B

Fromcheckingsocialmediaeveryminutetobeinglostincomputergames,wetendtooveruse

technology."Formanypeople,amomentwithoutyourphoneorlaptopinsightcanfeellikea

lifetime,“theDailyMailcommented.AteamfromtheUS-basedcompanyTollFreeForwarding

builtathree-dimensionalmodeltosniffoutthenegativeeffectstechnologycanhaveonhuman

bodiesinlessthan800years.ThecomputermodelcalledMindymaypersuademanypeopletothink

twice.

""Spendinghourslookingdownatyourphonestrainsyourneckandthrowsyourspine（脊柱）

offbalance,“explainedCalebBacke,ahealthandwellnessexpertintheUS.Then,themusclesin

ourneckneedtospendextraefforttosupportthehead,makingourbackhunched（駝背的）and

neckwide.

“Thewayweholdourphonescancausestrainincertainpointsofcontact-causingtextclaw

（手機手）,“NikolaDjordjevic,aphysicianinSerbia,toldtheteam.Itaffectstheelbowstoo,causing

paininthearm.Scientifically,itiscalledcubitaltunnelsyndrome（肘管綜合征）.ThafswhyMindy

hasa90-degreeelbow,andherhandslooklikeshe'salwaysholdingamobilephone.

Somepeoplealsocommentedthathumanevolutionmaynotworkthisway.Theybelievethat

onlyfeatureswithactualbenefitswouldbekeptthroughouttheyears.Forexample,featuresthat

canincreasetherateofsurvival,insteadofthenegativeimpactoftechnology.

However,currenthumanlifestylesstillraiseconcerns.AmodelcalledEmmawasbuiltby

researchersintheUKin2019toshowhowthewaypeopleworkattheirdeskscouldchangethem

in20years.TheresearchteambuiltEmmabasedonthehealthissuesmentionedbyover3,000

workersinFrance,GermanyandtheUK.Emma'sbackstaysbent,andherlegsareswollen（腫月長

的）duetothetimepeoplespendinfrontofcomputers.Withlittletimespentoutdoorsandinthe

sun,herskinispale,too.

24.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"sniffout“meaninparagraph2?

A.Detect.B.Approach.C.Polish.D.

Contradict.

25.WhatcanwelearnfromthetwomodelsofMindyandEmma?

A.TheyarebuiltbythesameUS-basedcompany.

B.Theybothhavebentbacksandpaleskinsimilarly.

C.Everyonedoesn'tapprovehumanwillevolvethewaylikeMindy.

D.Emma'sstrangeelbowisduetoholdingupaphoneforalongtime.

26.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthisresearch?

A.Negative.B.Indifferent.

C.Objective.D.Favorable.

27.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.TocomparetwocomputermodelsMindyandEmma.

B.Toillustratethereasonsforoverusingphonetechnology.

C.Toaddresstheeffectscausedbytoomuchmobilephoneuse.

DToremindtechnologicaldependencemaychangeourappearance.

【答案】24.A25.C26.C27.D

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了未來人類進化或受電子設備的影響。

【24題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句"ThecomputermodelcalledMindymaypersuademany

peopletothinktwice.（名為Mindy的計算機模型可能會說服許多人三思而后行。）”可以推知，

Mindy這一模型發(fā)現(xiàn)了技術對人體的負面影響。A.Detect.發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.Approach.接近；C.Polish.

擦亮、提升；D.Contradict.反駁。故sniffout詞義與detect接近。故選A項。

【25題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"Somepeoplealsocommentedthathumanevolutionmaynotworkthis

way.Theybelievethatonlyfeatureswithactualbenefitswouldbekeptthroughouttheyears.For

example,featuresthatcanincreasetherateofsurvival,insteadofthenegativeimpactoftechnology.

（一些人還評論說，人類進化可能不會以這種方式進行。他們認為，只有具有實際效益的功

能才會保留多年。例如，可以提高生存率的功能，而不是技術的負面影響。）“可知，一些人

認為人類的進化不會像模型Mindy提到的那樣，他們認為人類會將有益的特征保留，而不

是保留技術的負面影響，即并不是所有的人都認為技術會影響人類進化，故C項正確。根據(jù)

第五段的“AmodelcalledEmmawasbuiltbyresearchersintheUKin2019toshowhowtheway

peopleworkattheirdeskscouldchangethemin20years.（英國研究人員于2019年建立了一個

名為Emma的模型，以展示人們在辦公桌上的工作方式如何在20年內改變他們。廠可知，

Emma不是在美國建立的，所以A項錯誤；第二段對Mindy的描述沒有涉及模型Mindy的

膚色，所以B項錯誤；根據(jù)第三段的"That'swhyMindyhasa90-degreeelbow,andherhands

looklikeshe飛alwaysholdingamobilephone.（這就是為什么Mindy有一個90度的肘部，她

的手看起來總是拿著手機。）“可知，有strangeelbow的是M譏dy,而不是即以D項偷換

主語概念。故選C項。

【26題詳解】

推理判斷題。本文作者主要是客觀地闡述了一些研究者、媒體和大眾的觀點和評論。“the

DailyMailcommented."'explainedCalebBacke"、"NikolaDjordjevic,toldtheteam^^以及“Some

peoplealsocommentedthat...”等表達方式充分證明了作者對此事的客觀態(tài)度。故選C項。

[27題詳解】

推理判斷題。文章通過介紹兩個模型揭示了過度使用先進技術會影響人類的外貌和體型這一

現(xiàn)象，闡述了未來人類進化或受電子設備的影響，其目的是提醒我們技術依賴可能會改變我

們的外表。故選D項。文章并沒有比較Mindy和Emma這兩個模型，所以A項錯誤；文章

并沒有重點闡述過度使用手機的原因，所以B項錯誤;文章沒有提出消除影響的方法,address

theeffects表述有誤，所以C項錯誤。故選D項。

C

Plentyofdays,temperaturesinCalifornia^MojaveDesertclimbabove120degreesFahrenheit.

400silveredglasspanels,fixedintothewesternedgeofthathotdesert,aretheretogenerateheat

15timesthatamount.And,ideally,tohelpcooltheplanettoo.

MadebythePasadena-basedcompanyHeliogen,each16-square-footheliostat（定日鏡）

reflectsakilowattofsunlighttothetopofafive-storytower,whereifsabsorbedbyareceiver.As

thelittleblackheliostatbumswhite,itisover1,800degrees.Thafshotenoughtobegin

manufacturingcement（水泥）andotherindustrialproducts-processesthattypicallyrelyon

burningfossilfuels-andtopotentiallycutupto10percentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions.

HeliogenCEOBillGrosshasdreamedoftakingadvantageofthesunsincethe1973energy

crisis,whenhesoldDIYsolarpanels.Thosesaleshelpedputhimthroughcollege.Lastfall,the

companyfiredupthisfirstarray（陣歹U）.“Itwasabitlikewatchingamoonlanding,9,Grosssays.

SimilararrayshavebeenusedtomakeelectricityandtastySunChips,andevendrillforoil.

Butthosepeakaround1,000degrees,becauseeachheliostathastobeindividuallyadjustedandcan

falloutofrankovertime.WithHeliogen,camerasatthetopofthetowerscanthesky,andimage

analysissoftwarefiguresoutthebestpositionforeachmirror,whichcancircleinlessthan1/160

ofadegree.Grosssayssuchefficiencycandeliverheat20percentmorecheaplythanfossilfuels

can.

Asproofofconcept,Heliogenhassetupakiln（爐）atthetopofthetowertodirectlyheat

limestone,akeystepinmakingcement.Thisyearthecompanyplanstolinkwithcommercial

partnersthathavethelargeshadowlesslandrequired.Grossisalsobuildingareceiverthatcan

handletemperaturesabove2,700degrees.Thatkindofstrongfirecancreatesynthetichydrogen（合

成氫），whichcouldreplaceoil-basedfuels.""Civilizationdependsoncementandsteel-ourroads,

travel,everything,9,Grosssays."We'vefoundawaytocleanitup.”

28.WhatisthecharacteristicofHeliogen'sheliostat?

A.Itcanworkaroundtheclockinhotdesert.

B.Itconsistsofover400silveredglasspanels.

C.Itstemperaturecanreachover2,700degrees.

D.Itreliesonareceivertomakeindustrialproducts.

29.HowdoesHeliogen'sheliostattakeeffect?

A.Italwayscirclesaroundthesunprecisely.

B.Itreducesmuchgreenhousegasemissions.

C.Itreplacesnuclearfuelintheindustrialfield.

D.Itbumsitselftogeneratesynthetichydrogen.

30.WhatcanwelearnfromHeliogenCEOBillGross?

A.Hewasexcitedaboutwhathiscompanyhasachieved.

B.Hemadeabreakthroughinmanufacturingcementlastfall.

C.Hehadnorelatedknowledgebeforethecompanyestablishment.

D.Hepromotedthecooperationwithotherpartnersinsolarenergy.

31.Whatdoesthelastsentence"We'vefoundawaytocleanitup."mean?

A.Thesolarenergyapplicationtoproducingproductsisapromisingreform.

B.Weshouldremovethetraditionalwaysofmanufacturingcementandsteel.

C.Morecementandsteelshouldbeproducedtocreateadvancedcivilization.

D.Peopleneedtouseoil-basedfuelstomakemorecivilization-relatedproducts.

【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.A

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了Heliogen公司在加利福尼亞的莫哈韋沙漠建立的

太陽能列陣以及利用其產(chǎn)生的能源制造產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)方式。

【28題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二自然段“MadebythePasadena-basedcompanyHeliogen,each16-square-

footheliostat（定日鏡）reflectsakilowattofsunlighttothetopofafive-storytower,whereifs

absorbedbyareceiver.Asthelittleblackheliostatbumswhite,itisover1,800degrees.（由，總部位

于帕薩迪納的Heliogen公司制造，每個16平方英尺的定日鏡將一千瓦的陽光反射到一座五

層樓的塔頂,在那里被接收器吸收。當黑色的小定日鏡燃燒成白色時，溫度超過了1800度。戶

可知，定日鏡需要借助于一個接收器來收集能量，從而制造產(chǎn)品。故選D項。

[29題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二自然段最后一句話“That飛hotenoughtobeginmanufacturingcement（水

泥）andotherindustrialproducts-processesthattypicallyrelyonburningfossilfuels-andto

potentiallycutupto10percentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions.（這已經(jīng)足夠熱了,可以開始

制造水泥和其他通常依賴燃燒化石燃料的工業(yè)產(chǎn)品，并有可能減少高達10%的全球溫室氣

體排放。戶可知，Heliogen的定日鏡有可能減少高達10%的全球溫室氣體排放。故選B項。

【30題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三自然段的最后一句話“"Itwasabitlikewatchingamoonlanding,9,Gross

says.（Gross說：“這有點像觀看登月。可知，Gross對公司取得的成績感到興奮。故選A

項。

【31題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“"Civilizationdependsoncementandsteel一ourroads,travel,

everything,Grosssays."We'vefoundawaytocleanitup.”（Gross說：”文明取決于水泥和鋼

鐵——我們的道路、旅行和一切。”“我們已經(jīng)找到了清理的方法。可知，"We'vefounda

waytocleanitup.”意味著將太陽能應用于生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品是一項很有前途的改革。故選A項。

D

AdamRyan,31,hasworkedatTargetinChristiansburg,Virginia,forthreeyears.64Ihaveto

livewithmyfamilybecauseIcan'taffordrentonmyown.Idon'thavehealthinsurance.Targethas

toldmeIdon'tqualifyfortheirbenefitsbecauseIdon'tgetenoughhours,“saidRyan,whoisalso

anorganizerwithTargetWorkersUnite,anindependentinitiativeofTargetworkers.Hemakes$13

anhour,thehourlyminimumwageatTargetsinceJune2022,whichisscheduledtoincreaseto$15

anhourbytheendof2023.

ButRyanandseveralotherTargetworkerssayTargetiscuttingtheirschedulesanddoubling

theirworkloadasitincreasesminimumwageunderits"modernizationplan'toincreaseefficiency.

Theythinkthatbroaderinfluencesintheretailsector（零售業(yè)）areresponsiblefortheirdifficulty-

especially,theactionsoftheirhard-chargingrivalAmazon.

“They'rerespondingtowhatAmazonisdoing,“Ryanadded."Theyaretryingtoturnthese

storesintotheirowndistributioncenters,usingbrick-and-mortarstores（實體店）.Wehavetobe

warehouseworkersandcustomerserviceworkers.^^

TargetWorkersUniterecentlyreleasedasurveyofmorethan500Targetworkersaroundthe

US,representing382differentstoresin44states.Only12.7%oftheworkerswhorespondedsaid

theycouldsurviveonthewagesfromTargetalone,with56%ofworkerscitingtheyhaveranoutof

foodwhileemployedatTarget,and12.8%ofworkersreportedexperiencinghomelessness.

ThesurveyalsoprovidessomeinsightintoTargefsoppositiontoworkersorganizing.Many

workerssurveyedreporttheyhavebeenscoldedbymanagementfordiscussingworkplaceissuesin

thestoreoronsocialmedia.

AsTargetworkersreportstrugglingtomakeendsmeetwhileexperiencingcutstotheir

schedules,lossofbenefits,andincreasedworkloads,Targetreportedrecordshareprices（股價）at

theendof2022,consistentlybeatingpredictionsofsalesandprofitsin2022andfindingabalance

betweenphysicalstoresanddigitalcommerce.Theretailchainisrankedtheeighth-largestretail

corporationintheUSbasedonsales.Targetispreparingfortheargumentsagainsttheworkers9

survey'sfindingandclaimsfromworkersoverworkingconditionsandschedulecuts.

32.WhatcanweknowfromthemodernizationplanofTarget?

A.Ithasnotreceivedwidespreadsupportfromemployees.

B.Itmeanslessworkhourswhichcanbenefitbothparties.

C.Onlyafewemployeescanbelaidoffwhenitisineffect.

D.Newemployeessuffermoreforlackofmuchexperience.

33.WhatdoesthesurveybyTargetWorkersUniteindicate?

A.Halfworkerscouldnotfindenoughfoodtoliveon.

B.Workers5livingconditionswereactuallynotoptimistic.

C.Targetworkersbegantorealizethattheyhadbeencheated.

D.Itwasinhumantomakesomeemployeestransfertheirpositions.

34.Whatmessagedoesthispassageconveytoreaders?

A.Targettriedtostrugglefortheirworkers'benefitsandwelfare.

B.Targetconductedthemodernizationplan,butfailedintheend.

C.Targetraisedmuchmoneytocopewithworkers5financialproblems.

D.Targetraisedwages,butwithlessworkinghoursandmoreworkload.

35.Whatmightthefollowingparagraphtalkabout?

A.Targetdropstheplanbecauseofworkers9claims.

B.DetailsofhowTargetdefendsitselfarepresented.

C.ThewriterexplainswhyTargetachievedasuccess.

D.Amazonencounterssimilarproblemsfromworkers.

【答案】32A33.B34.D35,B

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要描述了美國八大零售商之一的Target公司推行的

modernizationplan以及員工相對應的反應，揭露了Target勞資矛盾的問題。

【詳解】L推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ButRyanandseveralotherTargetworkerssayTargetis

cuttingtheirschedulesanddoublingtheirworkloadasitincreasesminimumwageunderits

"modernizationplan，toincreaseefficiency.（但瑞安和塔吉特其他幾名員工表示，塔吉特正在縮

短工作時間，并將工作量增加一倍，因為該公司根據(jù)提高效率的“現(xiàn)代化計劃”提高了最低工

資標準。）”和下文的調查結論“TargetWorkersUniterecentlyreleasedasurveyofmorethan500

TargetworkersaroundtheUS,representing382differentstoresin44states.Only12.7%ofthe

workerswhorespondedsaidtheycouldsurviveonthewagesfromTargetalone,with56%of

workerscitingtheyhaveranoutoffoodwhileemployedatTarget,and12.8%ofworkersreported

experiencinghomelessness.（TargetWorkersUnite最近發(fā)布了一項針對Target全美500多名員

工的調查，調查對象包括44個州的382家不同商店。僅有12.7%的受訪工人表示，僅靠塔

吉特的工資就能生存，56%的受訪工人表示，他們在塔吉特工作期間食物短缺，12.8%的受

訪工人表示無家可歸。）”以及第一段提到的"IhavetolivewithmyfamilybecauseIcan'tafford

rentonmyown.Idon'thavehealthinsurance（我必須和家人住在一起，因為我自己付不起房租。

我沒有醫(yī)療保險Y'Ryan對自己當前工資狀況不滿可知，Target公司正在削