高考英語核心詞匯拓展Day581.before

/b?'f??/

prep.&conj.在…以前/前面(反behind,after)；ad.以前【拓展】beforelong不久以后longbefore很久以前beforeitistoolate在為時太晚之前，趁還來得及beforesb.coulddoshth.某人還沒來得及走某事就It＋be＋（not）時間段＋before從句“過（沒過）多久才（就）……”【例句】=1\*GB3①Theguideaskedthetouriststogetonthebusbeforetheycouldtakesomephotos.游客們還沒來得及拍照，導游就要求他們上車。=2\*GB3②ItwillbetwohoursbeforeIcanaffordtimetopickupmyson.要過兩個小時，我才能抽出時間接我兒子。③Itwon'tbelongbeforewemeetagain.過不了多久我們就會再見面的。【串記】Ihadneverenteredthebasementbefore.Yesterday,myassistantrushedoutofitbeforeitwastoolate.Thefiredidsomedamagetoit.Beforelong,itwillberepaired.我以前從未進過地下室。昨天，我的助手趁還來得及沖了出來。大火對它造成了一些損害。不久，它就會被修好。【辨析】before/agobeforead.以前，可以單獨使用，位于句末；也可以放在一段時間以后，表示以過去為起點的一段時間以前，常與過去完成時連用；before…agoad.以前，放在一段時間以后表示以現在為起點的一段時間以前，與一般過去時連用。82.beg

/beg/

vt.乞討；懇/乞求【拓展】beg(sb.)forsth.(向某人)乞求某物beg(sb.)todosth.懇求(某人)做某物Ibegyourpardon.請再說一遍。beggarn.乞丐【例句】Theapplicantbeggedthemanagertogivehisanotherchance.申請人懇求經理再給他一次機會。【串記】Abeggarbeggedabeautyforadollar.Butapolicemanbannedhimfrombegginginthestreet.一個乞丐向一位美女乞討一美元。但是一個警察禁止他在街上乞討。83.begin

/b?'g?n/(began，begun)v.開始(同start,反end)，著手【拓展】(1)begindoing/todosth.開始做某事beginwith由……開始beginby(doing)從(做)……開始，首先做……beginon(upon)著手于……tobeginwith首先，最初，開始(2)beginnern.初學者，創始人(3)beginningn.開始，起點atthebeginningof在…開頭inthebeginning開始時，起初frombeginningtoend從頭到尾【例句】Atthebeginningofjuniormiddleschool,Ibegantoadmirescientists.在初中開始的時候，我開始崇拜科學家。【串記】Tobeginwith,abeginnermusthaveapositiveattitudebeforelearning.Hehastosticktotheapproachfrombeginningtoend.首先，初學者在學習前必須有一個積極的態度。他必須從頭到尾堅持這個方法。84.behave

/b?'he?v/

v.守規矩，行為，表現【拓展】learnhowtobehave學會禮貌behaveoneself守規矩，舉止規矩well-/badly-behaveda.守/不守規矩的behavior(美behavior)n.行為，舉止【例句】Hebehaveshimselflikeaman.他表現得像一男子漢。Hisbehaviourshowshislackofeonsiderationforothers.他的行為表明他沒有考慮到別人。【串記】Inthebeginning,thebadly-behavedboydidn’tadapttotheenvironment.Later,hebehavedhimself.Hisbehaviorisworthpraising.起初，這個行為不端的男孩不適應環境。后來，他表現得很好。他的行為值得表揚。85.believe

/b?'li?v/

v.相信；認為，猜想【拓展】believein信任/賴；信仰/奉；相信有believeitornot信不信由你itisbelievedthat從句人們認為/相信……beliefn.相信，信賴/仰；教義beyondbelief難以置信havebeliefin對……有信心【例句】Thestepmother

can

believe

heradoptedson,

but

she

cannot

believe

in

him.

我相信他說的話是真的，但是不相信他的為人。【串記】Itiswidelybelievedthatthereisnoghost.Butbelieveitornot,mytutorbelievesinghosts.人們普遍認為鬼是不存在的。但是信不信由你，我的導師相信有鬼。86.belong/b??l??/vi.屬于，附屬【拓展】belongto屬于，附屬belongingn.歸屬感；所有物belongingsn.財產，所有物【例句】ChinabelongstotheThirdWorld．中國屬于第三世界。【串記】Allthebelongingsbelongstotheartistbuthewantstoabandonthem.所有的財產都屬于這位藝術家，但他想放棄它們。87.benefit

/'ben?f?t/

n.&v.利益；收益；使…受益【拓展】benefitsb./sth.對某人/物有益benefitfrom/by從……中獲益；得益于forthebenefitofsb.＝forone'sbenefit為了某人的利益hurtsb．forone’sownbenefit損人利己beofbenefitto對……有益處beneficialadj.有益的；有用的bebeneficialto對……有利/益處【例句】=1\*GB3①Keepitinmind,andgraduallywecangainthisgoodlearninghabitandbenefitfromit.記住它，逐漸地我們就可以養成這種好的學習習慣并且從中獲益。=2\*GB3②Thenewregulationwillbeofbenefittoallthestudents.新規定對所有學生都有好處。=3\*GB3③ReadingwidelyandregularlywillbebeneficialtoyourEnglish.廣泛而有規律地閱讀對你英語有好處。【串記】Readingbenefitsyou.Besides,youcanbenefitfromspeaking.Inaddition,listeningisofbenefittoyou，too.Finally,writingisbeneficialtoyou.Allinall,foryourbenefit,youshoulddoallthefourabove.閱讀對你有好處。此外，你可以從說話中受益。還有，傾聽對你也有好處。最后，寫作對你是有益的。總之，為了你的利益，你應該做到以上四件事。易錯點撥benefit作為及物動詞，其賓語總是“受益者”，而不能是所受的“益處”。要表示“受益于某事(物)”，英語習慣上用benefitby/fromsth.。88.besides

/b?'sa?dz/prep.除…以外(還有)(同inadditionto)；ad.還有，此外(同inaddition,also,what’smore)【例句】What

doyou

liketo

do

besides

swimming?

除游泳外你還喜歡什么?。【串記】Myhomeliesbesideasupermarket.Besides,thereisacinemainbackofit.Besidesthetwoadvantages,theschoolIattendisonlytwostopsaway.我家在一家超市旁邊。此外，在它的后面有一個電影院。除了這兩個優點，我就讀的學校只有兩站遠。【辨析】besides/except/exceptfor/exceptthat/apartfrombesides表“除…以外還有”，包括besides之后的部分在內；except表示從整體中除去部分，排除或不包括在內；exceptfor可以表示“除了”(=except)，還可表示修正主句的結論或觀點；exceptthat也是表示修正主句的內容，但接從句。apartfrom既指包括在內，也指排除在外相當于besides和except。89.birth

/b??θ/

n.出生；誕生【拓展】atbirth在出生時bybirth生來就，天生就；在血統上birthdate/rate出生日期/率givebirthto生育，生；產生，造成birthdayn.生日birthplacen.出生地；發源地【例句】=1\*GB3①ItwasinAsiathattheworld'sgreatestcultureshadtheirbirth.世界上最偉大的文化都起源于亞洲。=2\*GB3②SheisEnglishbybirthbutFrenchbymarriage.她是英國血統,但嫁給了法國人而加入了法國國籍。【串記】Grandmothergavebirthtoninechildreninall,asthebirthratethenwashigh.Grandmawaspoor,butablebybirth.Inordertoearnherlivingshetravelledaround.Sherememberedeverychild'sbirthdayandbirthplacetotheendofherlife.奶奶一共生了9個孩子，當時出生率很高。奶奶出生貧窮，但是天生能干。為了生計輾轉各地。但是她到死是都記得每一個孩子的生日和出生地。90.blame

/ble?m/

n.&v.責備；責怪【拓展】(1)blamesb./sth.forsth.因某事而責備某人/某事blamesth.onsb. 把某事怪到某人頭上betoblame(forsth.)對(某事)負有責任(2)taketheblame(for)(為……)承擔責任lay/puttheblame(forsth.)onsb.(把某事)歸咎于某人【例句】①Don'talwaysblameyourownfailureonothers.Sometimesyouyourselfaretoblame．不要總把自己的失敗歸咎于他人，有時該怪的是你自己。②Thepolicehadfiguredoutthecauseofthetrafficaccidentanditwasthelorrydriverthatshouldtaketheblameforit.警方已經查明這起交通事故的起因，是那位卡車司機應為此負責。=3\*GB3③Insteadofblamingeachother,weshouldcommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers'place.我們應該多交流，換位思考而不是相互責怪。【串記】Theparentsareblamingeachotherforthechild'seducation.Whoistoblameandwhowilltaketheblameforthewrongeducation?父母們互相指責孩子的教育。誰該受責備，誰應該為錯誤教育承擔責任？91.blow

/bl??/(blew，blown)v.吹；刮風；吹氣；吹/響奏；(使)爆炸，(使)破裂；n.吹；重擊，擊打；(精神上的)打擊【拓展】blowaway(風)刮走blowdown吹倒，吹落blowoff刮掉，吹走blowout吹媳；爆裂blowup爆發；爆炸；使充氣ablowtosb.對某人的打擊【例句】Therepairmanwasblowingupthetirewhenitblewout.修理工正在給輪胎打氣，它突然爆了。【串記】Atyphoonblewawaytheirbelongingsandblewdownallthecrops.Itblewoutallthecandlesthoughthedoorswereshut.Besides,abadguyattemptedtoblowupherhouse.Itwasaheavyblowtoher.臺風刮走了他們的財物，刮倒了所有的莊稼。盡管門關著，它還是吹滅了所有的蠟燭。此外，一個壞人企圖炸毀她的房子。這對她是一個沉重的打擊。92.board/b??d/

n.木板；甲板；膳食；董事會；vt.上（飛機、車、船等）；用板蓋上；給提供膳宿；vi.寄宿【拓展】onboard(同aboard)在船(火車、飛機)上boardingschool寄宿學校boardingpass登機證boardern.寄膳者，寄宿生billboardn.廣告牌，布告板blackboardn.黑板【例句】Allthepassengersonboardwereamazedatthebeautifulscenesalongthebanks.船上所有的乘客都被岸邊美麗的景色驚呆了。【串記】Theboardoftheboardingschooldecidedtosendtheboarderstothebeachforabath.Whentheyboardedthebuses,theyburstoutcheering.Theylaughedandsangonboardalltheway.學校董事會決定把寄宿生送到海灘去洗澡。他們登上公共汽車時，突然歡呼起來，他們一路上又笑又唱。93.bore

/b??/

vt.使厭倦/煩；鉆孔【拓展】boreda.(感到)無聊的beboredwith對…感到厭煩boringa.令人無聊的；煩人的boredomn.厭倦;令人厭煩的事物【例句】Peopleappearto

be

bored

with

moreandmore

tests.

人們似乎對越來越多考試感到厭煩了。【串記】Inthebeginning,theassistantfoundboringboardswasboring.Hewasnotonlyboredwithhisworkbutalsolifewasaboredomtohim.Butnowheisabsorbedinworkallday.起初，助理覺得給板子鉆孔很無聊。他不僅對工作感到厭倦，對生活也感到厭倦。但是現在他整天都在專心工作。94.borrow

/'b?r??/v.（向別人）借用；借(反lend)【拓展】borrowsth.from從…借某物【例句】We

can

also

borrow

some

books

on

this

topicfromthelibary.

我們也能從圖書館借一些關于這個論題的書籍。【串記】Youcanborrowmoneyfromothersmeanwhileyoucanlendmoneytoothers.你可以向別人借錢，同時你也可以借錢給別人。【辨析】borrow/lend/keepborrow(from)借進，借來(不延續)；lend(to)借出，借走(不延續)；keep保持，保留(延續)。95.bother

/'b?e?/

v.費心，麻煩；使煩惱；打擾，使不安(同trouble)【拓展】(1)bothertodo/doingsth.費心做某事bothersb.with/aboutsth.為某事打擾或麻煩某人botherabout/withsth./sb.為某事而煩惱/為某人而費心Itbotherssb.that...使某人苦惱的是……(2)putsb.tobother給某人添亂bothereda.煩（惱）的;感到討厭的bothersomea.麻煩的;令人討厭的【例句】①Youdon'tbothergetting/togetdinnerformetoday.I'lleatout.今天不要麻煩為我預備飯了，我要在外邊吃。②Oneshouldnotbebotheredabout/withone'spersonalgainsorlosses.一個人不應當為個人得失而煩惱。③Idon'twanttoputhimtoanybother,soItrydoingitbymyself.我不想給他添亂，所以，我試著靠自己做這件事。【串記】Thechoresarereallybothersomeandtiresome.Theemployeedoesnotbothertodothem.這些雜務真是既麻煩又累人。員工不會費心去做。【點津】bother常用于交際用語，例如：Don'tbother.別費事了/不用麻煩了。Sorrytobotheryou.很抱歉打擾你。96.break

/bre?k/(broke，broken)v.打破/斷/碎；損壞，壞掉；違反/背；暫停；打斷，終止；(使)垮掉，崩潰；(天)破曉；n.休息；裂/缺口【拓展】breakdown出故障，垮掉；失敗；(化學)分解breakin打斷；闖入強行進入breakinto闖入;破門而入breakoff折斷；突然停止，暫停breakout爆發；突發breakthrough突破;突圍;有重要創見breakup打碎，破碎；結束；解散breakupwith與…分手，與…斷絕關系breakthrough突破(性進展)have/takeabreak休息一下breakagen.破壞，破損；裂口【例句】①Scientistshopetobreakthroughsoonintheirfightagainstheartdisease.科學家希望在治療心臟病方面能很快有所突破。②Old-fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworksbreakdownindisasters.在災難中，當無線網絡出故障時，老式的電話就顯得很重要了。=3\*GB3③Whenthecomputerbrokedown,itbrokeofftheirwork,sotheresearcherstookabreak.當電腦壞了，他們的工作也中斷了，所以研究人員休息了一下。【串記】Whentheexpertwasgoingtobreakthrough,hiswifebrokein.Aquarrelbrokeoutbetweenthem.Intheend,hebrokeupwithher.專家正要破門而入時，他的妻子闖了進來。他們之間爆發了一場爭吵。最后，他和她分手了。97.breath

/breθ/

n.氣息；呼吸【拓展】catchone’sbreath踹口氣holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸outofbreath喘不過氣來，上氣不接下氣breathlessa.喘不過氣來的；停止呼吸的breathe/bri?e/

v.呼吸【例句】Thereisatimewhenit

seems

there's

not

aminuteto

catch

your

breath.有一段時間，你似乎連喘口氣的時間都沒有。【串記】Breathein,

and

breatheout,

and

pay

atten-tion

to

your

breath

asitcomes

in

and

goesout.吸氣，然后呼氣，當氣體吸進去和呼出去時把注意力都集中在你的呼吸上。98.brief

/bri?f/

a.簡潔/短的；短暫的【拓展】holdnobrieffor不為……辯護,不主張inbrief簡單地說，簡而言之brieflyad.短暫地；簡略地形近詞：grief悲痛，憂傷【例句】This

is

my

brief

introduction

of

myself.

這是我簡要的介紹我自己。【串記】Inbrief,thepaperisratherdifficulttome.couldyoupleaseexplainitbriefly?簡而言之，這篇論文對我來說相當難。你能簡單解釋一下嗎?99.bright

/bra?t/

a.明亮的；光明的；鮮艷的；歡快的；聰明的，伶俐的【拓展】brightsunshine明媚的陽光abrightsmile愉快的微笑brightclothes鮮艷的衣裳thebrightfuture光明的未來brightenv.明亮；(使)變亮；活躍；(使)快樂高興brightnessn.明亮，輝煌；鮮艷；聰明；晴朗；快活brightlyad.明亮地;鮮明地;生輝地【例句】Theroom

isvery

bright

with

all

the

lightson.所有的燈都打開，教室里非常明亮。【串記】Brightkids

really

brighten

a

household;

theynever

turnoffany

lights.

Whentheygrowinsuchabrightfamily,theyusuallyhaveabrightfuture.伶俐的孩子確實點亮了一個家，他們從未熄滅過一盞燈。當他們生長在這樣一個歡樂的家庭，他們通常有一個光明的未來。100.bring/br??/(brought,brought)vt.拿/帶/取來【拓展】bringabout帶來，引起，導致bringalong帶來，使發展bringback拿回來;使…恢復;使…回憶起來bring…backtolife使起死回生；使復活bringdown降低;打倒/死;擊落bringforward提出；提前bringin引進;收獲bringon導致;引起;使…發展bringout出版，生產；使顯示；說出bringup提出;教育;養育;嘔出【例句】①Thegreatdamagewhichtheearthquakebroughtaboutmademanypeoplehomelessorlosetheirlives.地震所帶來的巨大損害使許多人失去家園或者喪生。②Parentswhohelptheirchildrenwithhomeworkmayactuallybebringingdowntheirschoolgrades.幫助孩子做作業的父母或許實際上正使孩子們的成績降低。=3\*GB3③Allthechildrenshouldbebroughtuptorespecttheirparentsandteachers.所有的孩子都應該長大，以尊重他們的父母和老師。【串記】Thebossbroughtforwardanideatobringinanewtechnologytobringoutnewproducts.Theybroughtdowntheirrivals.Thecompanybroughtingreatbenefitandbroughtthefirmbacktolife.老板提出了引進新技術以生產新產品的想法。他們打敗了對手。這家公司帶來了巨大的利益，使公司起死回生。【辨析】bring/take/fetchbring(從別處)帶來；take(從這里)拿/取走；fetch(從這里出發到別處去)取/接來(回到原處)。【趁熱打鐵】一、語法填空。1.Thefailureinbusinessmadehimendupbeinga(beg).2.How

time

management

can

be

(benefit)

to

your

corporation?

3.Mybrotherkeeps(bother)me.Ican’tfocusonmypresentjob.4.Thekindandselflessaction(bright)thelifeoftheunluckypeople.5.I

tendto

believethat

love

cancertainly

bring

the

best

in

us,

and

truelove

bringsabout

greathappiness.6.We

should

sparenoeffort

to

(beautiful)

our

environment.

7.Allthosewanttogetmorebeautifulshouldbalancebetweenbeautyandhealth.8.However,

I

donot

approve

of

this

(behave).

Payattentiontoitandchangeitbeforeitistoolate.9.Your

brightestfuture

dependson

your

(able)

to

pay

attention

to

the

present.

10.There

is

some

(associate)

between

the

status

of

women

in

eachcountry

and

their

ability

todo

mathematics.

二、單句改錯。1.Have

you

received

any

award

at

your

present

companyago?_______________________________________________________________________________2.However,

we

cannot

thinkthat

parents

shouldbear

responsibility

and

bepunished

if

theirchildren

behave

bad.

_______________________________________________________________________________3.I

believe

this

team,

and

this

belief

in

the

challenge

isenough

for

me.

_______________________________________________________________________________4.Thebeginner

has

some

other

friends

except

you

and

your

family.Heisquicktoadjusttothenewsurroundings._______________________________________________________________________________5.Astrongwindwasblowing,andafellowwasabouttoblowupthebridgewhileapolicemancaughthim._______________________________________________________________________________6.Seeinghisassociatetoboardtheplane,hecouldn’tbeartocry,knowingthathewouldn’tcomeback._______________________________________________________________________________7.Beforebreakingtherecord,youhadbrokethelawatthesametime.Youshallbepunished._______________________________________________________________________________8.I

donot

expect

you

toremember

me,

but

I

hope

you

can

lookat

me

brief.

_______________________________________________________________________________9.When

someone

says

something

bored

we

shutour

eyes

and

pretend

to

gotosleep._______________________________________________________________________________10.Thesun

shone

bright

andthewindblewslightlyas

we

gotonthe

ship.

_______________________________________________________________________________三、根據漢語提示完成句子，每空一詞。1.Though

they

managed

to

start

the

car

in

the

beginning,

yet

they

got

in

trouble

(不久以后).

2.Theadvancesintechnologyisastonishingand(難以置信).3.Thepatient

(對…有信心)hisdoctor’sabilityandrespons