河北省承德市2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期3月階段性測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試卷

學(xué)校：___________姓名：班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：

一'閱讀理解

InnovativeDesignsforAccessibility

Deadline:2020-04-30

Award:$7,500CAD

Opento:Universitystudents

TheInnovative(創(chuàng)新的)DesignsforAccessibilitystudentcompetitionchallenges

studentsacrossCanadatousetheircreativitytodevelopinnovative,cost-effectiveand

practicalsolutionstoaccessibilitybarriersforpeoplewithdisabilities.(Readmore)

CleanTechCompetition

Deadline:2020-04-13

Award:$28,000

Opento:Students13-15yearsold

TheCleanTechCompetitionisaunique,worldwideresearchanddesignchallengefor

pre-collegeyouth.ThecompetitionisdesignedtobuildadeeperunderstandingofSTEM

(science,technology,engineering,andmath)relatedconcepts,recognizeoutstandingtalent,

andpreparethenextgenerationofgloballycompetitiveinnovators.(Readmore)

AgileRoboticsCompetition

Deadline:2020-04-10

Award:$17,500

Opento:Adults

AgileRoboticsCompetitionisasimulation-based(仿真)competitiondesignedto

promoteagility(靈活)inindustrialrobotsystemsbyemployingthelatestadvancesin

artificialintelligenceandrobotplanning.Thecompetitionwillbeheldvirtually(虛擬的),so

thereisnoneedtotraveltocompete.ThecompetitionwillusetheGazebosimulationtool.

(Readmore)

WearableRoboticsInnovationChallenge

Deadline:2020-04-24

Award:$5,000

Opento:Everyone

TheWearableRoboticsAssociationisinvitingentriesthatrepresentthemostinnovative

newideasinwearablerobotictechnology.Thereviewcommitteewillselectasmanyasten

finalists.Theoneconsideredtobethemostinnovativewillbeannouncedattheconference

andwillreceive$5,000toacceleratethenewtechnology.（Readmore）

1.Whichcompetitionfavorscompetitorswithacreativemindinhelpingthedisabled?

A.InnovativeDesignsforAccessibility.

B.CleanTechCompetition.

C.AgileRoboticsCompetition.

D.WearableRoboticsInnovationChallenge.

2.WhafstheaimofCleanTechCompetition?

A.TomakearesearchaboutSTEM.

B.Toencourageuniversitystudentstobeinnovators.

C.Tohelpstudentspreparefortheuniversity.

D.Tofindtalentedteenagersanddeveloptheirabilitytoinnovate.

3.Whatcanweknowaboutthefourcompetitions?

A.Theyareopentoeveryone.B.Everycompetitorcangetanaward.

C.TheyareheldinApril.D.Theyareheldvirtually.

Istherealinkbetweensocialmediaanddepression?DoFacebookandInstagramhavea

negativeimpactonyourmentalhealth?Ifscomplicated.

Sometimes,lookingthroughInstagramjustmakesyoufeelbad.Youtrynottoenvyyour

friends,buttheyalwaysseemtobetravelingsomewherecool,eatingsomethingfancy,or

lookingcuteinperfectjust-rolled-out-of-bedhair.Ontheotherhand,therearetimeswhen

youlaughatfunnymemes（表情包），catchupwitholdfriends,andfeelhappytobelongto

funsocialmediacommunities,Clearly,socialmediaisn'tallbad.

Peopleareincreasinglysuspectthatthere9rethepotentialproblemsofsocialmedia.

Thingslikecyberbullying,screenaddiction,andbeingexposedtoendlessfilteredimages（美

顏）thatmakeitimpossiblenottomakecomparisonsbetweenyourselfandothersoftenmake

thenews.InJuly,abigstudycameoutinthejournalJAMAtitled"AssociationofScreen

TimeandDepressioninAdolescence.^^Thisbigheadlineseemstoconfirmwhatalotof

peoplehavebeensaying-screentimeishorribleforyoungpeople.

Thestudyfollowedover3800adolescentsoverfouryearsaspartofadrugandalcohol

preventionprogram.Partofwhattheinvestigatorsmeasuredwastheteens'amountofscreen

time,includingtimespentonsocialmedia,aswellastheirlevelsofdepressionsymptoms.

Oneoftheirmainfindingswasthathigheramountsofsocialmediausewereassociatedwith

higherlevelsofdepression.Thatwastruebothwhentheresearchescomparedbetween

peopleandcomparedeachpersonagainsttheirownmentalhealthovertime.

Caseclosed?Notsofast.Beforeweendthedebateonceandforall,lefstakeacloser

lookatthisandotherstudies.Let'saskourselves:whatexactlyistherelationshipbetween

socialmediauseanddepression?Itturnsoutthereareseveralwarnings.

4.WhydopeoplesometimesfeelbadwhenlookingthroughInstagram?

A.Theylackcontactwitholdfriends.B.Theycantravelnowhere.

C.Theydon'tlookperfect.D.Theyfeelunbalanced.

5.WhyisthearticleinjournalJAMAmentioned?

A.Tocomment.B.Toprove.C.Tosuggest.D.Toexplore.

6.Whichmayagreewiththefindingsofthestudy?

A.Depressionisrelatedtosocialmediause.

B.Teens9amountofscreentimeislimited.

C.Itisnoteasytotellreasonsfordepression.

D.Socialmediausecontributestomentalhealth.

7.Whafsthebesttitleofthetext?

A.Howtoreducedepression?B.Doessocialmediacausedepression?

C.Shallpeoplereducescreentime?D.Whyisittimetogiveupsocialmedia?

Accordingtoarecentstudy,anewkindofgeneticallymodified（轉(zhuǎn)基因的）ricecanprevent

infectionsofHIV,thevirusresponsibleforthediseaseAIDS.

Thestudyreportsthenewly-developedriceproducesproteins（蛋白質(zhì)）thatattachdirectly

totheHIVvirus.Thisprocesskeepsthevirusfrommixingwithhumancells.Thescientists

sayitcanremovetheeffectofthevirusandblockitsspreading.

TheJointUnitedNationsProgrammeonHIV/AIDSreportsthatworldwide,nearly37

millionpeoplewerelivingwithHIVin2017.Theorganizationsaysthelargestnumberof

thoseisindevelopingcountries.Nearlytwo-thirdsofHIVcasesareinAfrica.Nowthereis

nocureforHIV/AIDSthoughtherehavebeendevelopmentsinoraldrugtreatmentstoslow

theprogressionofthedisease.

Thenewstudypredictstherice-basedmethodwillleadtolong-termuseoftheanti-HIV

treatmentacrossthedevelopingworld.Researcherssaythe"groundbreaking"discoveryis

"realisticallytheonlyway"thatanti-HIVcombinationtreatmentscanbeproducedatacost

lowenoughforthedevelopingworld.

Theysaytheeasiestandmostcost-effectivewaytousethericewillbetomakeitintoa

creamtobeputontheskin.TheHIV-fightingproteinscanthenenterthebodythroughthe

skin.Peopleallovertheworldcouldgrowthericeandmakethecreamthemselves.This

wouldpreventthecostandtravelrequiredformanypatientstoreceivetreatmentsand

medicine.

Theprocessofchangingthegeneticstructureoffoodcropshasbeendebatedforsometime.

Criticsofgeneticallyengineeredcropsbelievetheycanharmpeople.Thescientificteamsays

furthertestingisneededtoensurethatthegeneticengineeringprocessdoesnotproduceany

additionalchemicalsthatcouldbedangeroustohumanbodies.

8.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A.TheterriblesituationsofHIVinfections.B.TherapiddevelopmentofAfrica.

C.ThepracticalwaystocureAIDS.D.TheeffortsmadebytheUnitedNations.

9.Howwillthericebeusedatthelowestcost?

A.Bytransformingitintoproteins.B.Byprocessingitintoacream.

C.ByattachingittotheHIVvirus.D.Byaddingittoanoraldrug.

10.Whatcanweknowaboutthegeneticengineeringprocess?

A.Itwon'tproducedangerouschemicals.

B.Ithasproduceddangerouschemicals.

C.Itisintendedforthedevelopedworld.

D.Itrequiresfurthertestingtoensurethesafety.

11.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?

A.Abiologytextbook.B.Afirstaidbrochure.

C.Asocialwebpage.D.Ahealthmagazine.

IntherichcountriesoftheWest,theelectricvehiclerevolutioniswellunderway.

Climate-consciousconsumersdriveTeslasorPolestarsforreasonsofmoralityandfashion.

Poorercountriesarealsoexperiencingawaveofelectrifiedtrend.InBangladesh,electric

three-wheelertaxis,knownastuk-tuks,arerapidlyreplacinggas-poweredonesonthestreets.

Suchelectricvehiclesareclimatefriendly,costeffective,andhelpreduceairpollution.

Yetaglanceunderthehood（弓|擎蓋）ofthesevehiclesrevealsapoisonoussecret:each

tuk-tukrunsonfivemassivelead-acidbatteries,containingalmost300poundsofleadintotal.

Everyyearandahalforso,whenthosebatteriesneedtobereplacedandrecycled,about60

poundsofleadleakintotheenvironment.Batteryrecycling,oftenatsmall-scaleunregulated

factories,isahighlyprofitablebutdeadlybusiness.

Leadisdangerous,andanyexposuretoitisharmfultohumanhealth.Leadthathas

enteredtheenvironmenthurtspeopleonanextraordinaryscale.Thenumerouswayslead

entersair,water,soil,andhomesacrossthedevelopingworld一andtheenormousdamageit

doestohumanhealth,wealth,andwelfare一causesoneofthebiggestenvironmentalcrises

intheworldyetreceiveslittleattention.

TheWorldBankestimatesthatleadkills5.5millionpeopleperyear,whichwouldmake

itabiggerglobalkillerthanAIDS,malaria,diabetes,androadtrafficdeathscombined.On

topoftheshockingdeaths,thesocialburdenofleadpoisoningisextraordinary,asisits

contributiontoglobalinequality一ourresearchonthecognitiveeffectsofleadpoisoning

suggeststhatitmayexplainaboutone-fifthoftheeducationalachievementgapbetweenrich

andpoorcountries.

Butunlikemanychallengesfacedbydevelopingcountries,leadpoisoningisaproblem

thatisfixablewithsomeattentionandarelativelymodestfinancialinvestment.Better

monitoring,research,andrulescanhelpprotectchildrenallovertheworldfromthedreadful

effectsofleadpoisoningandreducethemassiveglobalcostsitbrings.

12.Howdoestheauthordescribetheleadprobleminparagraph2?

A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Byanalyzinghiddencauses.

C.Bylistingconvincingnumbers.D.Byexplainingitsworkingprinciple.

13.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Leadentersrichcountriesinvariousways.

B.Leadpoisoningmaymakepoorsocietiespoorer.

C.Exposuretoleaddoesn'tnecessarilyharmsomeone.

D.Leadleakinghascausedgreatpanicinbothcountries.

14.Whatcanbedonetosolveleadpoisoningindevelopingcountries?

A.Fixingtheseusedbatteries.B.Puttingcertaineffortandmoney.

C.Prohibitingtheillegaluseoflead.D.Reducingthecostofrecyclinglead.

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheImpactsofLeadPoisoningonHumanHealth

B.TheOutcomesofUsingElectricVehicles

C.TheWaystoSolveLeadProblem

D.TheGlobalLeadPoisoningCrisis

二、七選五

16.OvercomingFearofFailure

Haveyoueverbeensoafraidoffailingatsomethingthatyoudecidednottotryatall?

Orhasfearoffailuremeantthat,subconsciously,youundermined（削弱）yourowneffortsto

avoidthepossibilityofalargerfailure?①___Ifsimportanttorealizethatineverythingwe

do,there9salwaysachancethatwe'llfail.Facingthatchanceandembracingitgiveusa

morerewardinglife.Hereareafewwaystoreducethefearoffailing.

Analyzeallpotentialoutcomes.②___Removethatfearbyconsideringallofthe

potentialoutcomesofyourdecision.Youcanmappossibleoutcomesvisually.

Setsmallgoals.Imagininghowlifewillbeafteryou'vereachedyourgoalisagreat

motivatortokeepyoumovingforward.Sostartbysettingafewsmallgoals.（3）___Don't

focusontheendpicture.Justfocusonthenextstep.Takingonesmallstepatatimewillhelp

buildyourconfidence,keepyoumovingtowardsyourfinalgoal.

Learntothinkmorepositively.Everycoinhastwosides.④___Learntochangeyour

thoughtsandfocusmoreonthebrightsideofthesituation,makingyoulikeyourself.Positive

thinkingisanincrediblypowerfulwaytobuildself-confidence.

⑤___Insomecases,thetoughestsituationmaybegenuinelydisastrous（災(zāi)難性的）and

itmaybeperfectlyreasonabletofearfailure.Inothercases,however,thisworstcasemay

actuallynotbethatbad,andrecognizingthiscanhelp.

A.Lookattheworse-casesituation.

B.Itisuptoyoutodecidewhichonetolookat.

C.Failingatsomethingcanhelpyoudiscoveryourtruestfriends.

D.Manyofushaveprobablyexperiencedthisatonetimeoranother.

E.Ifyouareafraidoffailure,youmightbeuncomfortablesettinggoals.

F.Theseshouldbegoalsthatareslightly,butnotoverwhelmingly,challenging.

G.Manypeopleexperiencefearoffailurebecausetheyfeartheunknown.

三、完形填空（15空）

WhenLeahwas10,shesawaneedforchangeintheworld."Peoplearesupposedto

show]andsympathy/9shesays."Butthatwasn'thappening."

Leahdecidedto2herhand-madebracelets（手鐲）atalocaleventandaskedeach

personwhogotonetodoakinddeedforsomeoneelse.Anote3toeachbraceletsaid,

“Let'sjustshowotherpeopletheyare4

AsLeahgaveoutbracelets,5spread.Shebegantoreceivebraceletrequests

worldwide,andtohearfrompeoplewho'ddeliveredkinddeeds.Oneperson6atired

storeclerkwithsandwiches.Anotherpaidforastranger9scoffee."Astorythat7touched

myheartwasthatsomeoneestablishedahomelesscamp!”shesays.

WhenLeahcouldn't8requestsforthebracelets,shebegansellingwristbands(腕帶)

with“KindnessTravels^^ontheoutsideand"kind"ontheinsidein9languages.

Sofar,shehassentout10,000wristbands.Shehas10apartyforkidsatahomeless

shelter,paidrentforhurricaneHandmore,usingthemoneyfromwristbands12and

donations.

Leahhopesto13otherkidswhowanttohelpothers."Justcomeupwithideas!

Neverbe14shesays."Ageisjusta15.Youalwayshavethepowertodo

something.^^

17.A.pleasureB.patienceC.loveD.curiosity

18.A.pickupB.putawayC.showoffD.handout

19.A.comparedB.attachedC.openedD.connected

20.A.ignoredB.infectedC.valuedD.engaged

21.A.wordB.passionC.anxietyD.happiness

22.A.botheredB.surprisedC.upsetD.embarrassed

23.A.genuinelyB.hardlyC.slightlyD.relatively

24.A.denyB.advanceC.meetD.delay

25.A.nativeB.complexC.naturalD.different

26.A.attendedB.organizedC.canceledD.postponed

27.A.victimsB.researchersC.reportersD.observers

28.A.salesB.fundsC.designsD.advertisements

29.A.respectB.contactC.recommendD.encourage

30.A.meanB.scaredC.contentD.proud

31.A.gapB.problemC.numberD.barrier

四、短文填空

32.HometotheheadwatersoftheYangtze,Yellow,andLancangrivers,the

SanjiangyuanareaontheQinghai-TibetPlateau(青藏高原)①(know)as“China's

watertower."Itis②uniqueplateauwetlandecosystemandservesasanimportant

ecologicaldefenseforthecountry.

Decadesago,serious③(environment)degradation(惡化)inSanjiangyuan,(4)

wascausedbyclimatechangeandhumanactivities,resultedinalargenumberof

lakesdryingoutandwildlifenumbersfalling⑤(sharp).Greateffortshavebeen

madetoturnthepark⑥asymboloftheprogressofChina9secologicalcivilization.

Overthepastyears,theenvironmentoftheQinghai-TibetPlateau⑦(experience)

greatchanges.Waterconservationintheareahasrisenby11percentthisyear,(8)

(compare)with10yearsago.Localpeopleenjoythegiftsgivenbynature,andthe

establishmentofthenationalparkhasenabledthemtobecomeitsprotectorsandbenefitfrom

it.Someworkastourguides,assisting(9)(visitor)fromhomeandabroad.

Today,aspeoplewalkonthevastlandofSanjiangyuan,⑩(look)atthe

mountains,glaciers,andlakes,andcatchingsightofwildanimalsandbirds,theycannothelp

butbeimpressedbythevastnessandbeautyofnature.

五、書面表達(dá)

33.快餐現(xiàn)在在中國(guó)很流行，人們尤其是兒童和青少年喜歡吃快餐。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)

以“FastFood”為題寫一篇短文。內(nèi)容包括：

⑴分析快餐的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)；

⑵結(jié)合自身情況，發(fā)表個(gè)人對(duì)快餐的看法。

注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

六、讀后續(xù)寫

34.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短

文。

Ayoungmanhadboughtanoldhousethatwasinbadshape,butheandhiswife

believedtheycouldrestoreit.Theyimmediatelywenttowork.Theirgoalwastohavetheold

buildinglookbestfortheChristmasEveget-together.

JusttwodaysbeforeChristmas,however,astormsweptthroughthearea,leavingahole

inthewallofthehouse.TherewasobviouslynotimetorepairthedamagebeforeChristmas.

Thesadcoupleattendedlocalauction(拍賣)thatafternoon.Oneoftheitemsputupforbids

(競(jìng)標(biāo))wasanoldgold-and-ivory-coloredtablecloth.Seizedbyaninspiration,theyoungman

wasthehighestbidderat$6.50.Hisideawastohangtheclothtocovertheraggedhole.

OnthedaybeforeChristmas,itwassnowy.Astheyoungmanunlockedthehousedoor,

henoticedanoldwomanstandingatthebusstop.Heknewthebuswouldn'tbetherewithin

atleasthalfanhour,soheinvitedherinsidetokeepwarm.

Whentheoldwomanwalkedinandsawthetablecloth,sherushedatitandsaid

excitedly,uIt9smine.Itismytablecloth.99Shetoldthesurprisedmanitshistoryandeven

showedhimhernameinonecornerofthetablecloth.Sheandherhusbandhadoncelivedin

Vienna,Austria,andtheirvillagewashitbyadeadlydisease.Sotheydecidedtofleeto

Switzerland,butherhusbandtoldhertoleavefirst,sayinghehadsomethingurgenttodeal

with.Afewdayslater,itwasreportedthatthebusherhusbandtookfelloffthecliffandhe

wasnevertobefound.Herhusbandwasbelievedtohavedied.Touchedbyherstory,the

youngmanaskedaboutheraddress,planningtosendthetableclothtoherafterChristmas.As

thebuscame,sheleft.

WhentheChristmasEvecame,themaninvitedhisfriendstocometohishousetoenjoy

thedinnertogether.InthecandlelightoftheChristmasEve,thetableclothlookedevenmore

beautiful.Astheman'sfriendsleftthehouse,theythankedthemanforhisarrangementand

mentionedhowbeautifulthehouselooked.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2,請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Oneoldergentlemanstayed,admiringthetablecloth.

Theyoungmandrovetheoldmantothatoldwoman'shome.

參考答案

1.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InnovativeDesignsforAccessibility部分中TheInnovative（創(chuàng)

新的）DesignsforAccessibilitystudentcompetitionchallengesstudentsacrossCanadatouse

theircreativitytodevelopinnovative,cost-effectiveandpracticalsolutionstoaccessibility

barriersforpeoplewithdisabilities.（Readmore）可知“無障礙學(xué)生創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)大賽”向加拿

大各地的學(xué)生提出挑戰(zhàn)，讓他們發(fā)揮自己的創(chuàng)造力，為殘疾人開發(fā)創(chuàng)新的、符合成本

效益的和實(shí)用的解決方案。由此可知，在幫助殘疾人方面，InnovativeDesignsfor

Accessibility更喜歡有創(chuàng)造性思維的選手。故選A。

2.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CleanTechCompetition部分中Thecompetitionisdesignedto

buildadeeperunderstandingofSTEM（science,technology,engineering,andmath）related

concepts,recognizeoutstandingtalent,andpreparethenextgenerationofglobally

competitiveinnovators.可知比賽旨在建立對(duì)STEM（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)）相關(guān)概

念的深入理解，找到優(yōu)秀人才，培養(yǎng)下一代具有全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的創(chuàng)新人才。由此可知，

CleanTechCompetition的目的是尋找有才華的青少年，培養(yǎng)他們的創(chuàng)新能力。故選

Do

3.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InnovativeDesignsforAccessibility部分中Deadline:2020-04-

30可知截止日期為2020年4月30；CleanTechCompetition部分中Deadline:2020-04-

13可知截止日期為2020年4月13日；AgileRoboticsCompetition部分中Deadline:

2020-04-10可知截止日期為2020年4月10H；WearableRoboticsInnovationChallenge

部分中Deadline:2020-04-24截止日期為2020年4月21日。由此可知,這四場(chǎng)比賽都

是在四月舉行。故選C。

4.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中"Sometimes,lookingthroughInstagramjustmakesyou

feelbad.Youtrynottoenvyyourfriends,buttheyalwaysseemtobetravelingsomewhere

cool,eatingsomethingfancy,orlookingcuteinperfectjust-rolled-out-of-bedhair.（有日寸

候，瀏覽社交平臺(tái)會(huì)讓你感覺很糟糕。你盡量不嫉妒你的朋友，但他們似乎總是去一

個(gè)很酷的地方旅行，吃一些很好吃的東西，或者擁有剛剛卷起來的完美發(fā)型看起來很

可愛。）”可知，瀏覽社交網(wǎng)站看到朋友的令人羨慕的內(nèi)容，會(huì)使自己感到心理不平衡

而心情糟糕。故選D。

5.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“InJuly,abigstudycameoutinthejournalJAMA

titled"AssociationofScreenTimeandDepressioninAdolescence.5Thisbigheadlineseems

toconfirmwhatalotofpeoplehavebeensaying—screentimeishorribleforyoungpeople.

（今年7月，《美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)雜志》（JAMA）發(fā)表了一項(xiàng)名為《屏幕時(shí)間與青春期抑郁的

關(guān)系》的大型研究。這個(gè)大標(biāo)題似乎證實(shí)了很多人一直在說的一屏幕時(shí)間對(duì)年輕人來

說是可怕的。”'可知，該文章證實(shí)了屏幕時(shí)間對(duì)年輕人來說是可怕的，從而支持了本

段論點(diǎn)：“Peopleareincreasinglysuspectthatthere5rethepotentialproblemsofsocial

media.（人們?cè)絹碓綉岩缮缃幻襟w的潛在問題）”，故推知，提及《美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)雜志》的

這篇文章是為了證明論點(diǎn)。故選B。

6.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Oneoftheirmainfindingswasthathigheramountsof

socialmediausewereassociatedwithhigherlevelsofdepression.（他們的主要發(fā)現(xiàn)之—是，

社交媒體使用時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，抑郁程度越高。）”可知，抑郁癥與社交媒體的使用有關(guān)。故

選Ao

7.答案：B

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Istherealinkbetweensocialmediaanddepression?Do

FacebookandInstagramhaveanegativeimpactonyourmentalhealth?Ifscomplicated.（社

交媒體和抑郁癥之間有聯(lián)系嗎？Facebook和Instagram對(duì)你的心理健康有負(fù)面影響嗎？

它是復(fù)雜的。）”以及全文可知，本文主要討論了關(guān)于青少年使用社交媒體與其抑郁癥

之間因果關(guān)系的一些研究調(diào)查，強(qiáng)調(diào)了其間因果關(guān)系的復(fù)雜性。B項(xiàng)“社交媒體會(huì)導(dǎo)致

抑郁癥嗎？”貼合主旨要義，為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。

8.答案：A

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中”...worldwide,nearly37millionpeoplewerelivingwith

HIVin2017...NowthereisnocureforHIV/AIDS…"可知，本段說明了全球HIV病毒感染

的嚴(yán)峻現(xiàn)狀。故選A,B項(xiàng)“非洲的快速發(fā)展”;C項(xiàng)“治療艾滋病的切實(shí)可行的方法”;D項(xiàng)

“聯(lián)合國(guó)所做的努力”。

9.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句"Theysaytheeasiestandmostcost-effectiveway

tousethericewillbetomakeitintoacreamtobeputontheskin.”可知，研究人員認(rèn)為最簡(jiǎn)

單且最節(jié)約成本的方式就是把這種大米加工成膏，涂在皮膚上。故選B。A項(xiàng)“通過把它

轉(zhuǎn)化成蛋白質(zhì)”;C項(xiàng)“通過把它附著在HIV病毒上”;D項(xiàng)“通過把它添加到口服藥物

中”。

10.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句"Thescientificteamsaysfurthertestingis

neededtoensurethatthegeneticengineeringprocessdoesnotproduceanyadditional

chemicalsthatcouldbedangeroustohumanbodies."可知，科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為還需要做進(jìn)一步測(cè)

試，以確保基因工程過程的安全性。故選D。A項(xiàng)“它不會(huì)產(chǎn)生危險(xiǎn)的化學(xué)物質(zhì)”,B項(xiàng)“它

產(chǎn)生了危險(xiǎn)的化學(xué)物質(zhì)”，由文章最后一段中的最后一句可知，是否產(chǎn)生有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)

是有待確定的事;C項(xiàng)“它是為發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家設(shè)計(jì)的”，由文章的第三段和第四段的首句可排

除。

11.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)主旨段第一段提到的"Accordingtoarecentstudy,anewkindof

geneticallymodifiedricecanpreventinfectionsofHIV"可知,文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研

究,該研究與一種可以防止感染HIV病毒的新型轉(zhuǎn)基因大米有關(guān)，其話題與健康相關(guān)。

由此可以推斷，文章可能是選自健康雜志。故選D,A項(xiàng)“一本生物教材”;B項(xiàng)“一本急救

手冊(cè)”;C項(xiàng)“一個(gè)社交網(wǎng)頁(yè)”。

12.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。第二段中"Yetaglanceunderthehood（弓|擎蓋）ofthesevehicles

revealsapoisonoussecret:eachtuk-tukrunsonfivemassivelead-acidbatteries,containing

almost300poundsofleadintotal.Everyyearandahalforso,whenthosebatteriesneedto

bereplacedandrecycled,about60poundsofleadleakintotheenvironment.Battery

recycling,oftenatsmall-scaleunregulatedfactories,isahighlyprofitablebutdeadly

business.（然而，只要看一眼這些車輛的引擎蓋，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)有毒的秘密:每輛嘟嘟車

都是由五塊巨大的鉛酸電池驅(qū)動(dòng)的，總共含有近300磅的鉛。每一年半左右，當(dāng)這些

電池需要更換和回收時(shí)，大約有60磅的鉛泄漏到環(huán)境中。電池回收通常在不受監(jiān)管

的小型工廠進(jìn)行，這是一項(xiàng)高利潤(rùn)但致命的業(yè)務(wù)。）"作者通過用具體數(shù)字列出嘟嘟車

鉛酸電池中鉛的量來說明目前所面臨的鉛污染問題油此可知，作者通過列出令人信服

的數(shù)字來說明目前的鉛問題。故選C。

13.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"Thenumerouswaysleadentersair,water,soil,and

homesacrossthedevelopingworld一andtheenormousdamageitdoestohumanhealth,

wealth,andwelfare一causesoneofthebiggestenvironmentalcrisesintheworldyetreceives

littleattention.（在發(fā)展中國(guó)家，鉛以多種方式進(jìn)入空氣、水、土壤和家庭一以及它對(duì)人

類健康、財(cái)富和福利造成的巨大損害一造成了世界上最大的環(huán)境危機(jī)之一，但卻很少

受到關(guān)注。）”以及第四段中"Ontopoftheshockingdeaths,thesocialburdenoflead

poisoningisextraordinary,asisitscontributiontoglobalinequality-ourresearchonthe

cognitiveeffectsofleadpoisoningsuggeststhatitmayexplainaboutone-fifthofthe

educationalachievementgapbetweenrichandpoorcountries.（除了令人震驚的死亡之外，

鉛中毒的社會(huì)負(fù)擔(dān)是巨大的，就像它對(duì)全球不平等的貢獻(xiàn)一樣我們對(duì)鉛中毒的認(rèn)知影

響的研究表明，它可以解釋富國(guó)和窮國(guó)之間教育成就差距的五分之一。）”可知，在發(fā)

展中國(guó)家，鉛以多種方式進(jìn)入空氣、水、土壤和家庭，對(duì)人類健康、財(cái)富和福利造成

的巨大損害，不僅造成死亡還帶來極大的社會(huì)負(fù)擔(dān)，使貧窮的社會(huì)更貧窮。故選B。

14.答案:B

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Butunlikemanychallengesfacedbydeveloping

countries,leadpoisoningisaproblemthatisfixablewithsomeattentionandarelatively

modestfinancialinvestment.Bettermonitoring,research,andrulescanhelpprotectchildren

allovertheworldfromthedreadfuleffectsofleadpoisoningandreducethemassiveglobal

costsitbrings.（但是，與發(fā)展中國(guó)家面臨的許多挑戰(zhàn)不同，鉛中毒是一個(gè)可以通過一些

關(guān)注和相對(duì)適度的財(cái)政投資來解決的問題。更好的監(jiān)測(cè)、研究和規(guī)則可以幫助保護(hù)世

界各地的兒童免受鉛中毒的可怕影響，并減少其帶來的巨大全球成本。）"可知，發(fā)展

中國(guó)家可以通過一些關(guān)注和相對(duì)適度的財(cái)政投資，進(jìn)行更好的監(jiān)測(cè)、研究以及制定規(guī)

則來解決鉛污染和鉛中毒問題油此可知，發(fā)展中國(guó)家可以通過投入一定的努力和金錢

解決鉛中毒問題。故選B。

15.答案:D

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中"IntherichcountriesoftheWest,theelectricvehicle

revolutioniswellunderway.Climate-consciousconsumersdriveTeslasorPolestarsfor

reasonsofmoralityandfashion.Poorercountriesarealsoexperiencingawaveofelectrified

trend.（在西方富裕國(guó)家，電動(dòng)汽車革命正在如火如荼地進(jìn)行。有氣候意識(shí)的消費(fèi)者出

于道德和時(shí)尚的原因駕駛特斯拉或北極星。較貧窮的國(guó)家也正在經(jīng)歷一波電氣化趨

勢(shì)。）”以及第二段"Yetaglanceunderthehood（引擎蓋）ofthesevehiclesrevealsa

poisonoussecret:eachtuk-tukrunsonfivemassivelead-acidbatteries,containingalmost300

poundsofleadintotal.Everyyearandahalforso,whenthosebatteriesneedtobereplaced

andrecycled,about60poundsofleadleakintotheenvironment.Batteryrecycling,oftenat

small-scaleunregulatedfactories,isahighlyprofitablebutdeadlybusiness.（然而，只要看

一眼這些車輛的引擎蓋，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)有毒的秘密:每輛嘟嘟車都是由五塊巨大的鉛酸

電池驅(qū)動(dòng)的，總共含有近300磅的鉛。每一年半左右，當(dāng)這些電池需要更換和回收

時(shí)，大約有60磅的鉛泄漏到環(huán)境中。電池回收通常在不受監(jiān)管的小型工廠進(jìn)行，這是

一項(xiàng)高利潤(rùn)但致命的業(yè)務(wù)。）”可知，全球都在發(fā)展電動(dòng)汽車，經(jīng)歷電氣化，但是鉛酸

電池中的鉛是危險(xiǎn)的;下文主要闡述了鉛中毒給社會(huì)和健康帶來的極大危害油此可知，

文章主要講述目前發(fā)展電動(dòng)汽車帶來的鉛污染問題、世界上鉛中毒的嚴(yán)峻形勢(shì)及其給

社會(huì)和健康帶來的極大危害;D選項(xiàng)"TheGlobalLeadPoisoningCrisis（全球鉛中毒危機(jī)）"

能夠概括文章主旨，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。

16.答案：DGFBA

解析：①上文"Haveyoueverbeensoafraidoffailingatsomethingthatyoudecidednotto

tryatall?Orhasfearoffailuremeantthat,subconsciously,youundermined（肖U弱）yourown

effortstoavoidthepossibilityofalargerfailure?（你有沒有因?yàn)楹ε履臣率《鴽Q定根

本不去嘗試？還是對(duì)失敗的恐懼意味著，在潛意識(shí)里，你破壞了自己為避免更大失敗

的可能性所做的努力）”講述了人們害怕失敗的現(xiàn)象和背后的心理因素，再結(jié)合下文“I六

importanttorealizethatineverythingwedo,there'salwaysachancethatwe511fail.（重要的

是要認(rèn)識(shí)到，在我們所做的每件事中，總會(huì)有失敗的機(jī)會(huì)）”，該空應(yīng)該講失敗存在的

普遍性，D選項(xiàng)“我們中的許多人可能曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過這種情況。”切合語(yǔ)境，也可引出下

文講人總會(huì)有失敗的時(shí)候。故選D。

②由小標(biāo)題“Analyzeallpotentialoutcomes.（分析所有潛在結(jié)果。）“可知本段主要講減

少人們對(duì)失敗恐懼的方法之一一分析事情將產(chǎn)生的所有（好壞）結(jié)果，該空應(yīng)該要分析

人們害怕失敗的原因，G選項(xiàng)“許多人害怕失敗是因?yàn)樗麄兒ε挛粗！笔菍?duì)段落標(biāo)題

的闡釋。故選G。

③由小標(biāo)題“Setsmallgoals.（設(shè)定小目標(biāo)。）”可知本段主要講減少人們對(duì)失敗恐懼的

方法之一一設(shè)定小目標(biāo)，再結(jié)