海綿動物和刺細胞動物Traditionalprotostome/原口動物Deuterostome/后口動物Parazoa/側生動物Coelom/體腔Coelomata/體腔動物traditionalphylogenyrRNAphylogenySpnoges(phylum:Spongia)

海綿動物門plexaggregationsofspecializedcellsCellindependentandnotformingtruetissuesAmongthestructurallysimplestmulti-cellularanimalsNearlyallspongesaremarineAllaresessile/固著Amazingvarietyofshapes,sizes,andcolors6000speciesmarineRelativelysimplebodyplan/簡單得身體構造Numeroustinypores(ostia/口、門-surface)Filterwater---5timesvolumeofitsbodyperminNetworkofcanals---relativelyflexibleskeletalframework---spongytextureClassifiedasthephylumPoriferaor“porebearers”多孔動物出水孔CellsSpecializedforfunctionCellularleveloforganizationVeryplastic;species-specificSpongestructure/海綿結構Pinacocyte/胞飲細胞PorecellsCollarcellsOsculum/出水孔AmebocytesSpongin/海綿絲Spicules/海綿針游走細胞FeedingSuspensionfeeders:feedingonparticularorganicmattersuspendedinthewaterFilterfeeders:passive&activeDepositfeeders

---Feedingonparticulateorganicmatter(thatsettlesonthebottom)大家有疑問的，可以詢問和交流可以互相討論下，但要小聲點Asexullyreproduction/無性繁殖Asexually:branchesorbudbreakoffSexullyreproduction/有性繁殖SexuallyGametesNotbygonadsFertilizationInternalSpermenterDevelopmentEarlystageinsideParenchymulalarva(planktonic)中實幼體TubularspongefromtheCaribbeanEncrustingspongefromHawaiiCorallinespongeatadepthof52minPuertoRico圓球海綿千姿百態得海綿世界BrowntubularspongeinFlorida(red,purple,browntubularsponges)YellowspongebeneathAntarcticInHongKong海綿得開發和應用利用淺水生物已制造出能治療濾過性毒菌感染得海綿核苷美國海港海洋研究所在數萬種無脊椎動物和微生物中尋找有用成分,迄今最大得成功就就是從一種深海海綿中提取得化合物,已經進入治療胰腺癌得臨床試驗。還有人在研究用稱為竹珊瑚得深海生物作為人工骨骼朗訊公司得貝爾實驗室正在研究深海海綿如何在低溫下生長出強度和導光性都比光纖更好得玻璃骨架Cnidarians/腔腸動物EvolutionoftissuesNextlevelafterspongeSimpleswimRespondtoexternalstimuliSpecializednervecellsEngulfprey/吞食性捕食Seaanemones,jellyfishes,coralsetc、RadialSymmetry/放射對稱Similarpartsofbody/身體各部位得相似性Nohead,frontorback/無頭、前部、腹部區分Oralsurface,aboralsurface/有口面,對口面Centrallylocatedmouthsurroundedbytentacles/口位于中心,觸手長于四周Gutisablindcavitywithonlyoneopening,mouthTwobasicforms/兩種基本形狀Polyp:sac-likeattachedstage(水螅型)Medusa:bell-likeorjellyfish,adaptedforswimming(水母型)Tentacle/觸手stickyorarmedwithalongtubethatwrapsaroundpartsofprayDischargenematocysttocapturesmallpreyNematocyst/刺絲胞Uniquestingingstructurefoundwithincellsinthetentacle/觸手Consistofafluid-filledcapsulecontainingathread/刺絲thatcanbequicklyejectedTypesofcnidarians/

腔腸動物種類10,000speciesHydrozoa/水螅綱Scyphoza/水母綱

(Cubozoa/方水母綱)Anthozoa/珊瑚綱Hydrozoans水螅綱WiderangeofformsAttachedcoloniesReproductionmechanicsplexlifehistoriesPlanula/浮浪游體Lifecycleofhydrozoan

Scyphozoa/水母綱MedusaisdominantstagePolypissmall,releasin