副詞性從句（狀語從句）語法講與練AllRightsReserved.杭州外國語學校高三英語組2007.1Leo1精品PPT|實用可編輯第一頁，共五十頁。歡迎來到從句大家庭！從句分三類：名詞性從句，形容詞性從句，副詞性從句。副詞性從句就是狀語從句，家庭成員最多。高考狀語從句考查重點從屬連詞的選擇；同類狀語從句中連詞的辨析。2精品PPT|實用可編輯第二頁，共五十頁。

狀語從句在主從復合句中作狀語修飾主句中的動詞，形容詞或副詞，按意義可分為

時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、條件、行為方式、比較、讓步等九種狀語從句。一般位于句首或者句末，位于句首，用逗號和主句格開。

3精品PPT|實用可編輯第三頁，共五十頁。引導狀語從句的關聯詞是從屬連詞4精品PPT|實用可編輯第四頁，共五十頁。5精品PPT|實用可編輯第五頁，共五十頁。考點（1）when,as,while引導時間狀語從句When既可引導持續動作，又可引導短暫動作。它表示主句動作和從句動作同時發生，或從句動作在主句動作之前。WhenIwasaboy,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.（同時）Whenthelessonwasover,webeganourwriting.（從句動作在前）while指“在某一時間里”，“在…期間”，從句動作必須是持續性；也強調主句和從句動作的同時發生，往往側重主從句動作的對比。WhilehewasinLondon,hestudiedmusic.

as常和when,while通用，但側重主句和從句的動作同時發生，說明兩種正在發展和變化的情況。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.Isawyoursisterasshewasgettingonthebusyesterday.Hesangashewalked.一、時間狀語從句6精品PPT|實用可編輯第六頁，共五十頁。______heleftschoolatfourteen,hebegantotrainasanengineer.A.WhileB.SinceC.WhenC.Then______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As當when,as,while表示“在…一段時間里”，主從句的動作同時發生時，可以換用。如：

While(When或As)wewerediscussing,Mr.Smithcamein.When和while引導時間狀語從句時，若主句的主語和從句的主語一致的時候，可以用when/while+現在分詞表示。____ayoungman,hewenttoFranceforFrench.A.WhenB.WhileC.AsD.Since7精品PPT|實用可編輯第七頁，共五十頁。*when可表示“如果”。如：Don’tbeafraidofaskingforhelp_____itisneeded.A.UnlessB.sinceC.althoughD.whenwhen和while還可以是并列連詞，意思分別是“就在這時”，“然而”。如：Hewasabouttotellmethesecret____someonepattedhimontheshoulder.asB.untilC.whileD.whenIdoeverysinglebitofhousework____myhusbandBobjustdoesthedishesnowandthen.sinceB.whileC.whenD.asJasminewasholidayingwithherfamilyinawildlifepark____shewasbittenonthelegbyalion.A.whenB.whileC.sinceD.before8精品PPT|實用可編輯第八頁，共五十頁。考點2表示時間的詞組引導狀從assoonas,nosooner…than…,hardly(barely,scarcely)…when…等用法都表示主從動作相繼發生。hardly和nosooner放在句首，從句要倒裝。例：Hardlyhadshesatdownwhenthetelephonerang.Immediately,instantly，themoment，theinstant,theminute,thesecond，theday(the+瞬時名詞/段時名詞)等表示時間概念的詞也可引導時間狀從。例：IwenttoseehimimmediatelyIheardfromhim.bythetime,eachtime,everytime,anytime,lasttime,nexttime,firsttime,soonafter,shortlyafter都可以作為連詞引導時間狀語。如：IrecognizedhimthemomentIsawhim.Bythetimehewasfour,hehadtaughthimselfmath.Eachtimehecame,hewouldcallonme.9精品PPT|實用可編輯第九頁，共五十頁。---DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?---Yes,Igaveittoher______Isawher.A.forthemomentB.themomentC.atthemomentD.while10精品PPT|實用可編輯第十頁，共五十頁。考點3until/till主句謂語動詞是持續動詞，“直到…為止”。如：

Iworkedtill(until)hecameback.

not…until…:“直到…才”,主句謂語動詞必須是短暫性的如：Shewon’tgotobedtill/untilhereturnshome.not…until結構若在強調句中成為被強調的部分，須將not和until連在一起并前移，如果notuntil在句首，主句倒裝。ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIknowit.=NotuntilhecamebackdidIknowit.11精品PPT|實用可編輯第十一頁，共五十頁。Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners’curiosity_____hereachestheendofthestory.whenB.unlessC.afterD.untilWeweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad___wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.wheneverB.untilC.whileD.whereverNotuntilallthefishdiedintheriver___howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.realizedthevillagersD.didn’tthevillagersrealize12精品PPT|實用可編輯第十二頁，共五十頁。*如果before引導的從句位于主句之后，詞義非常靈活，注意下列句子中的before的詞義：1.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,thetailorhadmeasuredme.(還沒來得及…就)2.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.(還沒…就)3.Wehadsailed4daysbeforewesawland.(…才…)4.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.(趁還沒…就)考點4before13精品PPT|實用可編輯第十三頁，共五十頁。PPT內容概述副詞性從句（狀語從句）語法講與練。When既可引導持續動作，又可引導短暫動作。while指“在某一時間里”，“在。when和while還可以是并列連詞，意思分別是“就在這。主句謂語動詞是持續動詞，“直到。until結構若在強調句中成為被強調的部分，須將not。＋倍數＋比較級＋thanB。＋倍數＋as原級as＋B。倍數＋more＋名詞＋than。3.while可以引導時間、讓步、條件和原因等4種狀語從句。當時間、條件、讓步、方式和比較狀語從句的主語。Since,before,after引導狀從有時可變為短語。49第十四頁，共五十頁。Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears____itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.whenItwasevening_____wereachedthelittletownofWinchester.A.thatB.untilC.sinceD.beforeSomeonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup____Icouldanswerthephone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.beforeHemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation___itgotworse.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as15精品PPT|實用可編輯第十五頁，共五十頁。重要考點幾個極易混淆的時間狀語從句：Itwas+時間點+when…（當的時候時間是）Itwas5amwhenwearrivedatthevillage.Itwas/willbe+時間段+before…(沒過…就／過了…才)Itwas/willbetwoweeksbeforewemet/meetagain.Itis/hasbeen+時間段+since…（自從…以來有…）Itis/hasbeen3yearssincewelastmet.突破點：一看be動詞的時態，二看時間段還是時間點。注意：在“Itis/hasbeen+時間段+since…”句型中，從句的動詞必須是短暫性的，如果是延續性的動詞，時間要從從句的動作結束時算起。如：Itis3yearssinceIsmoked.(我戒煙有三年了)16精品PPT|實用可編輯第十六頁，共五十頁。注意：時間狀語從句中謂語動詞不能用任何一種將來時，只能用現在時和過去時表示將來時。17精品PPT|實用可編輯第十七頁，共五十頁。二、地點狀語從句where/wherever引導，要注意wherethere連用的某些情況下，使得地點從句更像是一個條件句。例如：Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

Thefamousscientistgrewup____hewasbornandin1930hecametoShanghai.A.whenB.wheneverC.whereD.whereverShefoundhercalculator_____shelostit.A.whereB.whenC.inwhichD.that18精品PPT|實用可編輯第十八頁，共五十頁。考點地點狀語從句和定語從句的區別：①定語從句前有一個表示地點的名詞作先行詞；而地點狀語從句無此特征。②地點狀語從句可位于句首，而定語從句不可。IfoundthepenwhereIhadleftit．IfoundthepeninthedeskwhereIhadleftit．19精品PPT|實用可編輯第十九頁，共五十頁。三、原因狀語從句：考點1：because,as,since,for引導原因狀從的區別。because表示的原因因果關系很強,as和since表示已知的或比較明顯的原因，譯為“由于”“既然”，since比as更正式，as從句有時候可以倒裝。1.在強調句中強調原因狀語從句，只能用because引導，不可用as或since，如：

Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’tgowithus.2.because可以引導表語從句,而as,since不可以，這時狀語一般都是it,this,that如：It’sbecauseheistoolazy.3.Tiredashewas,hewenttobedearly.(倒裝表示原因)as也可以引導讓步狀語從句，具體意義由上下文表明。4.*for也有“因為”之意，是并列連詞，語氣較強。常用來補充說明原因或用來表示推斷的依據，前面常帶逗號。如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet．20精品PPT|實用可編輯第二十頁，共五十頁。Parentsshouldtakeseriouslytheirchildren’srequestsforsunglasses____eyeprotectionisnecessaryinsunnyweather.A.becauseB.thoughC.unlessD.if

21精品PPT|實用可編輯第二十一頁，共五十頁。考點2Nowthat(既然),seeingthat,consideringthat等也可以引導原因狀語從句。___________youhavefinishedyourhomework,youmaygohomenow.A.WhenB.InthatC.FromthatD.Nowthat22精品PPT|實用可編輯第二十二頁，共五十頁。四、條件狀語從句:由if,unless,so/aslongas(只要),so/asfaras,incase(that)(萬一),supposingthat,providing/providedthat等引導：Ifplasticsandrubberareburned,theygiveoffpoisonousgases.

Youcangoout,aslongas(solongas)youpromisetobebackbeforeeleven.IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutthat.注意：條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞的時態不可用將來時，只能用現在時態或過去時態表示將來時。AsfarasIcantell,thewholethingshouldcostabout$500.

Unlessyouworkhard,youwillfail,23精品PPT|實用可編輯第二十三頁，共五十頁。1)Johnmayphonetonight.Idon’twanttogoout____hephones.

A.aslongasB.inorderthatC.incaseD.sothat3)Themenwillhavetowaitallday____thedoctorworksfaster.A.ifB.unlessC.whetherD.that4)____youcallmetosayyou’renotcoming,I’llseeyouatthetheatre.A.ThoughB.WhetherC.untilD.Unless5)Youwillsucceedintheend______youdon’tgiveuphalfway.A.evenifB.asthoughC.aslongasD.unless24精品PPT|實用可編輯第二十四頁，共五十頁。6)____Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.A.EventhoughB.UnlessC.AslongasD.While7)---Howfarapartdotheylive?---____Iknow,theyliveinthesameneighborhood.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.AswellasD.Asoftenas8)____Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.JustasD.Evenif25精品PPT|實用可編輯第二十五頁，共五十頁。五讓步狀語從句：由though,although,as(雖然盡管),evenif,eventhough,wh-ever,nomatter-wh,whether引導.1)Thoughheisold,yetheisactive.2)Althoughmostofthepeopleagreed,somewerenotwillingtoaccepted.3)Proudasthenoblesare,heisafraidtoseeme.Wewouldn’tloseheartevenifweshouldfailtentimes.4)Whenever(=nomatterwhen)youcallonme,youarealwayswelcome.5)Wherever(nomatterwhere)youwork,youcanalwaysfindtimetostudy.6)Taketheoneyoulikebest,whichever(nomatterwhich)itis.26精品PPT|實用可編輯第二十六頁，共五十頁。7)NomatterwhatIsayorhowIsayit,healwaysthinksI’mwrong.8)Whetherhecomesornot,we’lldiscusstheproblemthisafternoon.注意：（1）讓步狀語從句在句中的位置可放前也可放后，有時還可以插在主句中間，前置時，強調主句內容，后置時強調從句內容。

（2）though與although同義，用法基本一樣，前者通俗，口語化；后者較正式，多放于句首，不能與but連用，但可以與yet,still等連用，用來加強語氣。Though(Although)hewastired,yet(still)hewentonworking.27精品PPT|實用可編輯第二十七頁，共五十頁。考點1as引導讓步狀語從句倒裝,作為從句表語的形容詞或者名詞位于從句主語之前。此外還有however也要倒裝。although不可以倒裝，though可倒可不倒，不倒多________,hedoesn’tstudywell.AsheiscleverB.HeisascleverC.CleverasheisD.AscleverheisYoushouldreportanyincident,_______seriousorminoritis.A.howeverB.whateverC.whoeverD.whichever考點2whether引導狀從和or連用Whethersickorwell,she’salwayshappy.28精品PPT|實用可編輯第二十八頁，共五十頁。1)____,Ihaveneverseenanyonewho’sascapableasJohn.

A.AslongasIhavetraveledB.NowthatIhavetraveledtomuchC.MuchasIhavetraveledD.AsIgavetraveledtomuch2)Mr.Hallunderstandsthat____mathhasalwaysbeeneasyforhim,itisnoteasyforthestudents.A.unlessB.sinceC.althoughD.when3)---Dad,I’vefinishedmyassignment.---Good,and_____youplayorwatchTV,youmustn’tdisturbme.A.wheneverB.whetherC.whateverD.nomatter4)Youcaneatfoodfreeinmyrestaurant____youlike.A.wheneverB.whereverC.whateverD.however29精品PPT|實用可編輯第二十九頁，共五十頁。5)_____,Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.A.HoweverthestoryisamusingB.NomatteramusingthestoryisC.HoweveramusingthestoryisD.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing6)Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleep____muchworkyouhavetodo.A.howeverB.nomatterC.althoughD.whatever

30精品PPT|實用可編輯第三十頁，共五十頁。六方式狀語從句：Theteachertoldthestudentstodoashedid.Leaveitasitis.Heheardanoise,asifsomeonewasbreathing.Isawthemanlookingabouthimasifhewishedtoimpressuponhismindeverything.asif和asthough意義和用法大致一樣，引導的從句多用虛擬語氣，但也可用陳述語氣。HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownson.由連詞：as（象…一樣）,asif,asthough引導31精品PPT|實用可編輯第三十一頁，共五十頁。七目的狀語從句

通常由that,sothat,inorderthat,so…that,incase（以防、免得）forfearthat(以防，以免)等引導Hegotupearlyinorderthathecouldcatchtheearlybus.Shemarriedhimsothatshemighttendandcomforthim.Iexplainedagainincaseheshouldmisunderstandme.注意:

目的狀語從句中謂語動詞常含有may(might),can(could)should,will等情態動詞。Ihidtheknifeunderthebed__________hefoundit.A.ifB.sothatC.forfearthatD.inorderthat32精品PPT|實用可編輯第三十二頁，共五十頁。1)Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen_____hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.A.whichB.whenC.sothatD.asif2)Rosesneedspecialcare_____theycanlivethroughwinter.A.becauseB.sothatC.evenfD.as3)Sallyworkedlateintheeveningtofinishherreport___herbosscouldreaditfirstnextmorning.A.sothatB.inordertoC.beforeD.soas33精品PPT|實用可編輯第三十三頁，共五十頁。八結果狀語從句：Itwasverycold,______theriverfroze.Thebookis___written______itgivesaquitewrongideaofthefacts.Therewere____manypeople(=suchalotofpeople)intheroom_____wecouldnotgetin.Hemade______anexcellentspeech____everyoneadmiredhim.由that,sothat,so…that,such…that，withtheresultthat引導：注意so在主句中修飾形容詞或者副詞，such在主句中修飾名詞sothatsososuchthatthatthat34精品PPT|實用可編輯第三十四頁，共五十頁。考點1so…that和such…that在一定條件下可以互相換。Such修飾帶有形容詞的單數可數名詞時，可以用so…that來代替such…that,這時不定冠詞在形容詞之后；當such修飾不可數名詞和復數名詞時，不能用so…that來代替such…that,但可以用somany,somuch,sofew,solittle等短語It’ssuchagoodfilmthatI’veseenittwice.=Itis________________thatI’veseenittwice.(so)I’vesofewchancesthatIcanenjoymyself.考點2sothat表示目的還是表示結果？有時看逗號。結果從句多用逗號隔開。Wearrivedearlysothatwecouldgetgoodseats.Wearrivedearly,sothatwegotgoodseats.sogoodafilm35精品PPT|實用可編輯第三十五頁，共五十頁。考點3若表示強調，可以將so或者such移到句首，主句用部分倒裝。Sobadlywasheillthathewastakentothehospital.36精品PPT|實用可編輯第三十六頁，共五十頁。九、比較狀語從句：由連詞as…as,notso(as)…as,than等引導：Ihopeitwasasgoodastheoneyoulentme.Actuallytheoceanfloorarealmostasirregularastheexposedlandarea.

Noonecanbemorefitforhisofficethanheis.

Hecan’trunsofastasshe.考點1：“the+比較級(接從句)，the+比較級(接主句)，這一句型也歸在比較狀語從句內。如：

Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.

Theharderwework,thehappierwefeel.37精品PPT|實用可編輯第三十七頁，共五十頁。AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,_____.A.themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouareC.themorelifeyouareequippedforD.youareequippedthemoreforlife38精品PPT|實用可編輯第三十八頁，共五十頁。考點2比較狀從常用as或than引導時，有一些成分被省略,有時候要用that來代替比較對象，否則要產生歧義Johnplaysfootball_______,ifnotbetterthan,David.A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellasTheweatherofNanjinginsummerisashotas______Wuhan.A.不填B.thoseofC.thatofD.in考點3as…as,notso(as)…as否定句中可以用“so”第二個as才是引導狀從的從屬連詞Thehorseisgettingoldandcannotrun____itdid.A.asfasterasB.sofastthanC.sofasterasD.sofastas39精品PPT|實用可編輯第三十九頁，共五十頁。考點4有比較級概念不用than從句Elder,former,latter等形容詞，形式是比較級，但不用于than從句。Heistheelderofthetwo.考點5than從句表示最高級than+anyother+單數，than+alltheother+復數，than+any…else等；否定詞＋than引導狀從也可表示最高級，如Ihaveneverseena______interestingmovie.A.mostB.moreC.betterD.nomore考點6than后面人稱代詞主格賓格有時候意思不同。ShedrawsbetterthanI(me)相同。－－Yourwifeseemstolikeherdogverymuch.－－Yes,shelikesthedogmorethan_____.A.IB.meC.herD.she40精品PPT|實用可編輯第四十頁，共五十頁。考點7幾種指明客觀差異，并作出主觀選擇的比較句型Better+（主語）＋形容詞（或副詞，名，不定式等）…+than+被比對象Bettertolightonecandlethantocursethedarkness.主語＋wouldrather+動詞原形…+than+動詞原形Theywouldratherdieasfreementhanliveasslaves.主語＋謂語＋ratherthan+動詞原形Idecidedtowriteratherthantelephone.主語＋wouldsooner+動詞原形…+than+動詞原形Iwouldsoonerdiethandosuchathing.Soonerthan+動詞原形…,主句主語＋would+動原Soonerthandosuchwork,Iwoulddie.41精品PPT|實用可編輯第四十一頁，共五十頁。考點8morethan和more…than的不同含義morethan+名詞不止，不僅僅是morethan+形容詞、動詞很，非常morethan+數詞超出，多余morethan+(that)從句遠非，超過….more/less…than與其說，倒不如說如果有形容詞用原級請翻譯一下幾句話Hibernationismorethansleep.Thetowerismorethan100metershigh.Ihavemorethanenough.ThebeautyofXihuismorethanIcandescribe.Itismorebluethangreen.Thegirlislesshurtthanfrightened.42精品PPT|實用可編輯第四十二頁，共五十頁。考點9比較狀語從句表示倍數，可以用as和than來表示。三種句型：1)A…＋倍數＋比較級＋thanB如：Thisbuildingistwicetallerthanthatone．2)A…＋倍數＋as原級as＋B如：Thisbuildingisthreetimesastallasthatone．3)A…＋倍數＋thesize(height,weight,lengthetc．)＋ofB如：Thisbuildingisthreetimesthesizeofthatone．(2)句型變式：倍數＋more＋名詞＋than*倍數＋asmany/much＋名詞＋asAmericanseatmorethantwiceasmanyvegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910.43精品PPT|實用可編輯第四十三頁，共五十頁。精品PPT·收集整理第四十四頁，共五十頁。WiththehelpoftheGermanexperts,thefactoryproduced_______carsin1993astheyearbefore.astwicemanyB.asmanyastwiceastwiceasmanyD.twiceasmanyItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses_______________thewholeofEurope.TwiceenergymorethanTwiceenergyasmuchasTwicea